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Ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Malembo ya CiHebere
Ishina lya kwa Lesa mu filembo fya ciHebere ifyo balebomfya ilyo bashilabasenda bunkole ku Babiloni
Ishina lya kwa Lesa mu filembo fya ciHebere ifyo balebomfya pa numa ya kufuma muli bunkole
Ishina lya kwa Lesa balilemba mu ciHebere muli ifi filembo fine יהוה ifyo beta ukuti Tetragramatoni. Kabili mu Malembo ya ciHebere ili ishina lisangwamo mupepi ne miku 7,000. Muli Baibolo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya, ishina lya kwa Lesa balilemba ukuti “Yehova.” Ili ishina lilasangwa imiku iingi mu Baibolo. Nangu ca kuti abo Lesa abomfeshe ukulemba Baibolo balibomfeshe amalumbo ayengi pamo nga “Uwa Maka Yonse,” “Uwapulamo,” na “Shikulu,” pa kulemba ishina lya kwa Lesa balebomfya ifilembo fine, e kutila Tetragramatoni.
Yehova Lesa e waebele abalelemba Baibolo ukulabomfya ishina lyakwe pa kulemba. Ku ca kumwenako, Yehova aebele kasesema Yoele ukulemba ukuti: “Onse uwalilila kwi shina lya kwa Yehova akapusuka.” (Yoele 2:32) Na kabili, Lesa abomfeshe uwaimbile amalumbo umo ukulemba ukuti: “Pa kuti abantu beshibe ukuti imwe mweka, mwe bakwata ishina lya kuti Yehova, ni mwe Mwapulamo pano isonde ponse.” (Amalumbo 83:18) Na kuba, mwi buuku lya Amalumbo mweka fye, mwaba ishina lya kwa Lesa imiku nalimo 700. Muli ili buuku mwaba amashiwi ayo abantu ba kwa Lesa balesungila ku mutwe no kwimba. Nomba mulandu nshi mu maBaibolo ayengi mushabela ishina lya kwa Lesa? Mulandu nshi muli Baibolo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya babomfesha ishina lya kuti “Yehova”? Kabili bushe ili ishina lya kwa Lesa ilya kuti Yehova lyalola mwi?
Icipimfya ca Amalumbo ica mu cimfungwa ca muli Bemba Wafwa ica mu nshita ya batumwa. Amashiwi bayalembele mu ciHebere ico balebomfya pa numa ya kufuma muli bunkole ku Babiloni, lelo Tetragramatoni yena yalembelwe mu nshila balelembelamo iciHebere ca kale
Mulandu nshi mu maBaibolo ayengi mushabela ishina lya kwa Lesa? Kwaliba imilandu iyalekanalekana. Bamo batontonkanya ukuti Lesa wa Maka Yonse talingile ukukwata ishina ilya kumwishibilako. Bambi nabo bakonka ulutambi lwa baYuda abasumine ukuti ukulumbula ishina lya kwa Lesa musaalula. E lyo bambi bena batila apo takwaba uwaishiba bwino bwino ifyo abakale baleshimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa, kuti cawama ukulamwita fye amalumbo pamo nga “Shikulu” nelyo “Lesa.” Lelo iyi te milandu ine ine bengafumishamo ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Baibolo. Tontonkanyeni pali ifi fishinka:
Abamona ukuti Lesa wa Maka Yonse talingile ukukwata ishina lya kumwishibilako, balingile ukwishiba ukuti ishina lya kwa Lesa emo lyaba na mu fyalembwa fya kale sana ifya Cebo ca kwa Lesa. Na kuba, fimo pali ifi fyalembelwe ninshi na Kristu talaisa pa calo. Nga fintu tulandilepo kale, Lesa alengele abalelemba Baibolo ukulemba ishina lyakwe imiku nalimo 7,000 mu Baibolo. Ubu bushininkisho bwa kuti Lesa afwaya ukuti twishibe ishina lyakwe no kulalibomfya.
Bakapilibula abafumya ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Baibolo pa mulandu wa kukonka ulutambi lwa baYuda, tabaishiba ukuti bakalemba bamo abaYuda nangu ca kuti tabalelumbula ishina lya kwa Lesa, tabalelifumya mu malembo pa kukopolola. Ku ca kumwenako, mu fimfungwa fya kale sana ifyo basangile mu Qumran mupepi na Bemba Wafwa, ishina lya kwa Lesa lilasangwamo imiku iingi. Lelo bakapilibula bamo nga balepilibula ama Baibolo, apaba ishina lya kuti Yehova, balembapo ukuti “SHIKULU” mu filembo ifikalamba, ku kulangilila ukuti apa pali ishina lya kwa Lesa. Nomba mulandu nshi aba bakapilibula balembela ifi apali ishina lya kwa Lesa nelyo fye ukulifumyapo? Bushe nani wabapeela insambu sha kucita ifi? Mukwai abene e baishiba.
Icipapusha ca kuti abatila tatulingile ukulabomfya ishina lya kwa Lesa pa mulandu wa kuti takwaba uwaishiba bwino ifyo abakale balelishimbula, ishina lya kwa Yesu lyena balalibomfya. Lelo ifyo Abena Kristu abengi bashimbula ishina lya kwa Yesu te fyo balelishimbula ku basambi ba kwa Yesu. Abena Kristu abaYuda nalimo baleshimbula ishina lya kwa Yesu ati Ye·shuʹa, e lyo ilya kuti “Kristu” nalimo balelishimbula ukuti Ma·shiʹach nelyo “Mesia.” Na kabili, Abena Kristu abaGriki nalimo bena balemwita ukuti I·e·sousʹ Khri·stos,ʹ e lyo Abena Kristu abalelanda iciLatini nalimo balemwita ukuti Ieʹsus Chriʹstus. Yehova alengele abalelemba Baibolo ukupilibula ishina lya kwa Yesu ukulingana ne ciGriki. Ifi fine e fyo na bapilibwile Baibolo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya bacitile. Batontonkenye ukuti nangu ca kutila tacaishibikwa bwino ifyo kale baleshimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciHebere, kuti caba fye bwino ukubomfya ishina lya kuti “Yehova” ponse apali ifilembo fya Tetragramatoni.
Mulandu nshi muli Baibolo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya bapilibwila ifi filembo fine ukuti “Yehova”? Mu Cibemba, ifilembo fine ifyo beta ati Tetragramatoni (יהוה) bafilemba ukuti YHWH. Muli ifi filembo tamwali amavawelo (a e i o u) pantu mu ciHebere ca kale tabalebikamo amavawelo mu mashiwi balelemba. Abantu abene e baleibikilamo amavawelo pa kubelenga.
Pa numa ya myaka 1000 ukutula apo bapwishishe ukulemba Amalembo ya ciHebere, abaYuda bamo abasoma babikileko ifishibilo fimo ifya kwishibilako amavawelo ya kubomfya pa kushimbula amashiwi mu ciHebere. Na lyo line, pali ilya nshita abaYuda abengi balilekele ukushimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa no kulamwita fye amalumbo pantu balemona kwati kulufyanya kuli Lesa. Cimoneka kwati ilyo balekopolola Tetragramatoni, balebuula amavawelo ya mu malumbo balemwita e lyo bayabika mu filembo fine ifyaleimininako ishina lya kwa Lesa. Kanshi ifimfungwa balembele muli uyu musango te kuti fitwafwe ukwishiba ifyo baleshimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciHebere. Abantu bamo batila ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciHebere balelishimbula ati “Yahweh,” e lyo bambi nabo balanda fimbi. Mu cimfungwa ica muli Bemba Wafwa umwaba ibuuku lya Abena Lebi mu ciGriki, ishina lya kwa Lesa balilemba ukuti Iao. E lyo bakalemba bambi abaGriki nabo balelilemba ukuti Iae, I·a·beʹ, nelyo I·a·ou·eʹ. Kwena, te kuti tulande ukuti baliluba. Icishinka ca kuti tatwaishiba ifyo baleshimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciHebere. (Ukutendeka 13:4; Ukufuma 3:15) Ico twaishiba fye ca kuti Lesa alebomfya sana ishina lyakwe pa kulanda na bantu bakwe, e lyo nabo balebomfya ishina lyakwe pa kulanda nankwe, kabili balelibomfya na pa kulanda na bantu bambi.—Ukufuma 6:2; 1 Ishamfumu 8:23; Amalumbo 99:9.
Nomba mulandu nshi babomfesha ishina lya kuti “Yehova” muli Baibolo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya? Pantu ukufuma na kale e fyo bashimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciNgeleshi.
Ishina lya kwa Lesa pa Ukutendeka 15:2 mu mabuuku yasano ayo William Tyndale alembele mu 1530
William Tyndale e wabalilepo ukulemba ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciNgeleshi mu mabuuku ya kubalilapo yasano aya mu Baibolo ayo apilibwile mu 1530. Muli aya mabuuku, Tyndale alembele ishina lya kwa Lesa ukuti “Iehouah.” Mu kupita kwa nshita, ifyo balelanda iciNgeleshi fyalyalwike kabili e fyo ne milembele ye shina lya kwa Lesa ya-alwike. Ku ca kumwenako, mwi buuku lya Amalumbo ilyo Henry Ainsworth apilibwile mu ciNgeleshi mu 1612, ena alembele ishina lya kwa Lesa ukuti “Iehovah.” Mu 1639, ilyo bapitulwike mwi buuku lyakwe, no kulipulintila pamo na mabuuku ya kubalilapo yasano aya mu Baibolo, ishina lya kwa Lesa balilembele ukuti “Jehovah.” Lyena mu 1901, abapilibwile Baibolo ya American Standard Version balembele ishina lya kuti “Jehovah” ponse apali ishina lya kwa Lesa mu ciHebere.
Mu 1911, Joseph Bryant Rotherham uwasoma Baibolo alembele icitabo ca Studies in the Psalms, muli ici citabo tabomfeshe ishina lya kuti “Yahweh” lelo abomfeshe ilya kuti “Jehovah.” Alondolwele ukuti ico acitile ifi, ni co alefwaya “ukubomfya ishina lya kwa Lesa ilyo abantu abalebelenga Baibolo baishibe bwino.” Ifi fine e fyo no wasoma na umbi A. F. Kirkpatrick alandile mu 1930. Atile: “Muno nshiku abasoma bamo batila tulingile ukulashimbula ishina lya kwa Lesa ukuti Yahveh nelyo Yahaveh; lelo JEHOVAH e lyaishibikwa sana mu ciNgeleshi. Kabili icacindama sana te mishimbwile ye shina, lelo kwishiba ukuti ili e shina lyakwe ukucila ukulamwitila fye ku malumbo pamo nga ‘Shikulu.’”
Tetragramatoni, YHWH: “E Ulenga Ifintu Ukubako”
Verbu ya HWH: “ukuba”
Bushe ishina lya kuti Yehova lyalola mwi? Mu ciHebere ili ishina lyafuma kuli verbu iipilibula ukuti “ukuba,” kabili abasoma abengi batila mu ciHebere lilangilila ukulenga ifintu ukubako. Uyu e mulandu wine ba New World Bible Translation Committee basangila ukuti ishina lya kwa Lesa lyalola mu kuti “E Ulenga Ifintu Ukubako.” Abasoma balanda ifyapusanapusana pa fyo ishina lya kwa Lesa lipilibula, lelo te kuti tutile baliluba iyo. Na lyo line, ubu bupilibulo bwe shina lya kwa Lesa bwalilinga pantu Yehova e Kabumba wa fintu fyonse kabili alafikilisha ifyo alaya. E wabumbile ifintu fyonse ifya ba mu muulu na pe sonde e lyo na bantu na bamalaika, kabili alatwalilila ukufikilisha ukufwaya kwakwe.
Kanshi te kuti tutile ubupilibulo bwe shina lya kwa Yehova bwapelela fye pali filya ilembo lya Ukufuma 3:14 lilanda, ukuti: “Nkaba Uo Nkaba,” nelyo ukuti “Nkaba.” Aya mashiwi tayalondolola mu kufikapo umwalola ishina lya kwa Lesa. Lelo yalanga fye ifyo aba, e kuti alaba icili conse ico alefwaya pa kuti afikilishe ukufwaya kwakwe. Ishina lyakwe lilosha na mu kutila, kuti alenga icili conse ico abumba ukucita ifyo alefwaya pa kuti afikilishe ubufwayo bwakwe.