Bushe Icifulo Cashimikwa Ica Vinland Caba Kwi?
Ku ulemba Loleni! mu Canada
ICI cifulo cakwete ingano shaleimenena, imilonga yaiswilemo isabi lya salmon, “ifisabo fya mwangashi” (cranberries), kabili mu mpepo takwaleba amenshi makaasa. Ku fipimo fya myaka ikana limo iyapitapo, ici cifulo cali ni paradise. Ilyashi lya baume bashipa 36 abaile kulya lyali e shintililo lya kufwailisha kwa mwanda wa myaka uwalenga 20 mu kufwaya icifulo uko aba ku Bulaya bafikile intanshi mu North America.
Pa kati ka 990 na 1000 C.E., umwina Scandinavia Leif Eriksson na bantu bakwe batendeke ulwendo lwa makilomita 2,000 ulwa kufwailisha. Ukulola lwa ku kapinda ka ku kuso pa menshi ku lulamba lwa ku masamba ulwa Greenland no kulola ku masamba, Eriksson aishilefika pa fifulo fibili, ifyo ainike Helluland na Markland. Ilelo fyaishibikwa nge Cishi ca Baffin na Labrador. Icifulo ca butatu ico ili bumba lyafikilepo tacaishibikwa. Bushe icifulo cashimikwa ica Vinland caba kwi?
Mu 1959, abashula ifya kushula Helge Ingstad no mukashi, Anne Stine Ingstad, batendeke ukufwailisha. Ifyebo fya kubalangilila ifyo bakwete fyali fye fya mu fyalembwa fya kale ifya bena Scandinavia ba kale, ifyaleitwa ifyalembwa fya ba ku Iceland, ifyakwatamo icine ne fya kwelenganya. Aba baupana baendele iminshipendwa ya bakilomita pa menshi, pa mushili, na mu mwela, ukuninika no kutentemuka ululamba lwa ku kabanga ulwa North America. Basukile balambulwa ilyo mu kupumikisha bakumene na bekashi abanono mu cifulo ciitwa L’Anse aux Meadows, pa cisumbu ca ku kapinda ka ku kuso aka cishi ca Newfoundland. Kulya, umwikashi umukaya, George Decker, abatungulwile ku cifulo calemoneka ukuba ne fitantaala fya mayanda ifyatabililwa ne fimpusa.
Imyaka 7 iya kushuula yamoneke kwati yashininkisha ilyashi lya kale ilya ici cifulo kabili abengi mu calo balipooseleko amano. Icacindeme ca kuti, Ingstad no mukashi wakwe bashulile ifikuulwa 8 ifye bumba lyasaakana ne cani, na kashimbi ka bronze aka kukakilako ica kufwala. Fyonse fi fyalelangilila ukuti fyatuntwike ku Scandinavia. Cimo icacindamisha ico basangile cali lilungu lya kwengulwilamo icela. Bamunyela baleti bali ba pa nshita yalembwa mu fyalembwa fya ba ku Iceland ilyo Eriksson afikile muli ici Calo Cipya. Ubushinino bwasukile bwasangwa bwamoneke ngo buleshinina ukuti abena Scandinavia balikelemo mu North America.
Icifulo twaishiba nomba nga L’Anse aux Meadows tacilingana no bulondoloshi bwa cifulo cashimikwa ica Vinland. Napamo tatwakabale atwishiba apo ici cifulo cabelele. Lelo, cimoneka kwati nangu cingati abena Scandinavia te babalilepo ukufika mu North America, bafikile mulya imyaka 500 ilyo Columbus ashilafika.
Ilelo kuti mwatandalila ici cifulo no kwishiba tumo tumo pa lwa mikalile ya bena Scandinavia. Kuti mwamona na mayanda yakuulwa cipya cipya aye bumba lyasaakaniwa ne cani ne cimpashanya ce shitima lya pa menshi ilya bena Scandinavia ilyo Eriksson napamo abomfeshe pa lwendo lwakwe ulushailepela. Abalongola ili lyashi lya kale abafwala ifya kufwala balefwala ilya nshita kuti bamucincisha ukufwaya ukwishiba ifyacitike imyaka iingi ku numa no kumulenga ukwelenganya ukuti muleikala imikalile ya bena Scandinavia.
[Mapu pe bula 12]
(Nga mulefwaya ukumona mapu, moneni muli magazini)
GREENLAND
ICISHI CA BAFFIN
LABRADOR
NEWFOUNDLAND
L’ANSE AUX MEADOWS
[Icikope pe bula 12]
“Snorri,” icimpashanya ica bwato bwa bena Scandinavia ubwa bukwebo ubwa 54-foot, ubwitwa “knarr”
[Abatusuminishe]
Nordfoto/Carl D. Walsh
[Icikope pe bula 12, 13]
Amayanda yakuulwa cipya cipya aye bumba lyasaakaniwa ne cani pa cifulo ca L’Anse aux Meadows
[Abatusuminishe]
L’Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site/UNESCO World Heritage Site
[Icikope pe bula 13]
Leif Eriksson