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  • Romans 1:3
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
    • 3 concerning his Son, who came to be from the offspring* of David+ according to the flesh,

  • Romans 1:3
    The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures
    • 3 περὶ about τοῦ the υἱοῦ Son αὐτοῦ, of him, τοῦ of the (one) γενομένου having come to be ἐκ out of σπέρματος seed Δαυεὶδ of David κατὰ according to σάρκα, flesh,

  • Romans 1:3
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References
    • 3 concerning his Son, who sprang from the seed* of David+ according to the flesh,+

  • Romans 1:3
    The Bible in Living English
    • 3 about his Son, who came of David’s stock in the way of flesh

  • Romans 1:3
    American Standard Version
    • 3 concerning his Son, who was born of the seed of David according to the flesh,

  • Romans 1:3
    The Emphasized Bible
    • 3 Concerning his Son,—Who came to be of the seed of David according to flesh,

  • Romans 1:3
    King James Version
    • 3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh;

  • Romans
    Watch Tower Publications Index 1986-2025
    • 1:3 it-2 346

  • Romans
    Watch Tower Publications Index 1930-1985
    • 1:3 w79 3/1 14; w76 239; w65 652; bf 404

  • Romans
    Research Guide for Jehovah’s Witnesses—2019 Edition
    • 1:3

      Insight, Volume 2, p. 346

  • Romans Study Notes—Chapter 1
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)
    • 1:3

      offspring: Or “descendants.” Lit., “seed.”​—See App. A2.

      according to the flesh: The Greek word for “flesh” (sarx) here refers to human kinship, physical (earthly) descent, that is, Jesus’ descent as a human. Mary was of the tribe of Judah and a descendant of David, so it could be said of her son Jesus that he came to be from the offspring of David according to the flesh. As “the root and the offspring of David” through his mother, he held the natural hereditary right to “the throne of David his father.” (Re 22:16; Lu 1:32) Through his adoptive father, Joseph, also a descendant of David, Jesus had a legal right to David’s throne.​—Mt 1:1-16; Ac 13:22, 23; 2Ti 2:8; Re 5:5.

English Publications (1950-2026)
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