Showing Concern for the “Flock of God”

“Pay attention to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the holy spirit has appointed you overseers, to shepherd the congregation of God, which he purchased with the blood of his own Son.”​—Acts 20:28.

1. How did Jesus Christ show great concern for those whom he likened to sheep?

NO ONE on earth ever showed greater concern for members of the human family than did Jesus Christ, the Great Exemplar. He referred to those who listened to his voice as his “sheep.” And, as the Fine Shepherd, he surrendered his soul or laid down his life in their behalf. (John 10:11, 27) Following his resurrection from the dead, Jesus impressed upon his apostle Simon Peter the need to give these “sheep” special attention. How did Jesus do this? In a way that truly motivated Peter throughout the rest of his earthly life.

2. (a) According to John 21:15-17, how did Peter react to the questions posed by his Master? (b) What did Jesus emphasize in this case? How?

² Three times Jesus put a similar question to Peter. Twice, he asked: ‘Simon, do you love me?’ Finally, Jesus inquired: “Simon son of John, do you have affection for me?” After being asked virtually the same question the third time, Peter became grieved and emphatically assured his Lord: “You know all things; you are aware that I have affection for you.” Yes, Jesus was fully aware of Peter’s love and affection for him. But the point was that the apostle would have to prove this over a long period of time. How? By showing concern for the “sheep.” In each instance, after Peter had replied affirmatively to the question posed, Jesus intensified the point, saying: (1) “Feed my lambs”; (2) “Shepherd my little sheep”; (3) “Feed my little sheep.” (John 21:15-17) Thus, Jesus most effectively emphasized not only his personal concern for the “sheep” but Peter’s heavy future responsibility to care for them, even as his Lord had pointed out so emphatically.

3. (a) How did Peter give proof of his love for the “fine shepherd”? (b) What shows that Peter was not alone in showing concern for “the flock”?

³ That was an unforgettable experience for Peter. Unquestionably, Jesus had reached deep into the apostle’s heart. In proof of his love for the Fine Shepherd, Jesus Christ, never would Peter neglect to feed the “sheep.” Lovingly and conscientiously he would endeavor to shepherd “the flock.” About 30 years later, Peter wrote “to the temporary residents scattered about,” that is, to those who had become disciples of Jesus Christ. As part of the “flock of God” they were reminded of a deliverance from their previous fruitless form of conduct. How had this been accomplished? Not with a purchase based on such ordinary things as silver or gold, but “with precious blood, like that of an unblemished and spotless lamb, even Christ’s.” (1 Pet. 1:1, 18, 19) Peter appreciated that this had been a heavy price to pay. It had cost Jehovah God the sacrifice of his only-begotten Son, whom he had sent to this earth to provide a ransom for many. (Matt. 20:28; John 3:16) By the time Peter had written his first letter, the purchased members of “the flock” had grown to many thousands. So there then were more “sheep” than Peter could care for on his own. Along with Peter, however, other qualified men had been raised up who showed concern for “the flock” by feeding, leading and protecting it. They, too, appreciated that “the flock” belonged to Jehovah. And in our day this point is fully realized by the tens of thousands of spiritual undershepherds who have been given the responsibility of shepherding the “flock of God” in their care.

4. What fitting counsel on shepherding did Peter give when writing to older men in the Christian congregation?

⁴ When Peter was inspired to write his first letter, no doubt he could recall what Jesus had impressed upon his mind and heart with regard to shepherding the “sheep.” This is evident from the apostle’s words of exhortation directed not only to those first-century undershepherds but to spiritually older men among God’s people today. Peter wrote: “Therefore, to the older men among you I give this exhortation, for I too am an older man with them and a witness of the sufferings of the Christ, a sharer even of the glory that is to be revealed: Shepherd the flock of God in your care, not under compulsion, but willingly; neither for love of dishonest gain, but eagerly; neither as lording it over those who are God’s inheritance, but becoming examples to the flock. And when the chief shepherd has been made manifest, you will receive the unfadable crown of glory.”​—1 Pet. 5:1-4.

Caring Lovingly for the “Flock of God”

5. (a) To be effective, what attitude should a Christian overseer have in order to fulfill his responsibility toward “the flock”? (b) Why can an overseer today view matters as Peter did?

⁵ As an eyewitness of the sufferings of the Christ, Peter was moved to emphasize the importance of showing concern for the “flock of God.” Just as the Chief Shepherd, Jesus Christ, demonstrated such concern, so it should be with all those shepherding “the flock.” But a Christian overseer certainly could not do this if he felt that he was serving under compulsion. No appointed elder today should feel that he must serve due to being put under pressure. While there is much work involved in shouldering this privileged responsibility, the loving undershepherd will display a desire to help and to be of service. But he will manifest that spirit only if he has the same mental attitude as that possessed by Christ Jesus, who displayed humility and willingness to endure suffering. (Phil. 2:5-8; 1 Pet. 4:1) If an elder recognizes himself to be part of “the flock” under the care of the Great Shepherd, Jehovah God, being accountable to Him and to the Fine Shepherd, Jesus Christ, and not to some human, then he will serve eagerly, uncomplainingly. (1 Pet. 2:25) Even though they have not been eyewitnesses of Jesus’ sufferings as Peter was, overseers today are favored with the detailed Bible accounts of Christ’s life and ministry. So they can view matters as Peter did and thus have the same spirit as that of the apostle when it comes to shepherding “the flock.”

6. What should overseers keep in mind when dealing with “the flock”?

⁶ To be a proper example, a Christian undershepherd must not be interested in dishonest or selfish gain, or in the attaining of undue prominence. Any ‘greatness’ involved comes from placing himself at the disposal of his brothers, being approachable, serving their spiritual interests. Knowing that “the flock” belongs to Jehovah, who purchased it with the blood of his Son, exemplary older men do not ‘lord it over those who are God’s inheritance.’ Rather, these undershepherds treat “the flock” tenderly and protectively, thus following the counsel and pattern furnished by the Fine Shepherd.​—Matt. 20:25-27; Titus 1:7; contrast Ezekiel 34:2-4; Jude 16.

7. In what ways do many overseers show real concern for “the flock”?

⁷ It must truly be acknowledged that by far the majority of Christian overseers today are showing proper concern for “the flock” in a variety of ways. The time and effort spent in feeding the “sheep,” by giving personal attention to individuals, and in presiding at congregation meetings provide fine examples for fellow believers. (1 Tim. 5:17) Consider, too, the fine lead that conscientious undershepherds give in the field activity, seeking out other sheeplike persons and making disciples. (Matt. 28:19, 20; 2 Tim. 4:5) And what about the concern shown in protecting “the flock” from worldly elements and from those who would prey upon “the flock”? (Eph. 4:11-14; Col. 2:8; Jude 22, 23) In these and many other ways the “flock of God” benefits from those shepherding them out of loving concern for their spiritual welfare.

Valuable Lessons for Us Today

8. To provide spiritual encouragement, what did the apostle Paul arrange in behalf of the older men from Ephesus?

⁸ In reading Biblical accounts of what first-century overseers accomplished in behalf of “the flock,” we are impressed with the fine example of the apostle Paul. He also gave encouragement to older men, just as Peter did. While journeying to Jerusalem, Paul called for a meeting of the older men from Ephesus. No doubt they greatly appreciated the opportunity to spend some time with Paul, even as overseers today meet periodically to exchange helpful experiences, to be mutually built up in the faith and to receive Scriptural admonition.

9. How does the account at Acts 20:18-21 show that Paul was a self-sacrificing man of God?

⁹ We can learn some valuable lessons from Paul’s discussion with those overseers from Ephesus. The record at Acts 20:17-38 provides us with a deeper insight into the kind of example the apostle had set for his brothers, including those older men from Ephesus. Was Paul a self-sparing minister who just enjoyed traveling about to the various parts of the district of Asia? Not at all. He was a self-sacrificing man of God who was “slaving for the Lord with the greatest lowliness of mind and tears and trials” during the whole time that he was there. (Acts 20:18, 19) He did not hold back from “teaching . . . publicly and from house to house,” and that in the face of dangers. Nor was he fearful of what some residents of the community thought of him, or of the threats made by any opposers. Paul gave a thorough witness in the territory.​—Acts 20:20, 21; compare Acts 19:1–20:1; 2 Corinthians 1:8-11.

Shepherding in Times of Persecution

10. How have many present-day overseers imitated Paul in their efforts to aid “the flock” despite personal suffering?

¹⁰ Now the apostle was heading for Jerusalem, undaunted by the prospect that “bonds and tribulations” were awaiting him there. He was prepared to lay down his life, if necessary, in order to finish his course in faithfulness and fulfill the ministry he had received from the Lord Jesus. (Acts 20:22-24) What a fine example that was for those Ephesian overseers! Paul’s concern was not only for those who needed to hear the “good news” but for the individuals bearing the responsibility to spread the message to others. Is this not the kind of concern that all appointed Christian elders should have today? Happily, we do have men who are imitating Paul in that they are willing to risk their very lives for the sake of the “good news” and to protect their brothers. Indeed, in lands where Christians suffer intense persecution, many faithful undershepherds loyally have stayed with “the flock,” even though the way may have opened up for these responsible men to go to countries where such sufferings apparently could have been avoided. To illustrate: Recently an elder who has already undergone years of imprisonment and cruel beatings visited the United States to receive training provided for the Watch Tower Society’s branch personnel. The opportunity was open to him to go to a country where there is at present no persecution. But he chose to return to the land in which he had been serving even though imprisonment and harsh persecution seemed certain for him there. Like so many other Christian undershepherds, he regards caring for “the flock” to be a privilege more precious than his own personal freedom. Truly, such overseers are to be commended. How fine that they continue to provide care for ‘sheep in distress’!​—Compare Isaiah 32:1, 2.

11. (a) In view of Acts 20:25-27, what was Paul’s position regarding bloodguilt, and how can overseers today maintain a similar position? (b) Understandably, how do overseers feel toward persons whom they initially helped to become disciples?

¹¹ It was among those who were now overseers in Ephesus that Paul had gone “preaching the kingdom.” They themselves had heard the message from his own lips. He had poured out his heart to them and others in declaring “all the counsel of God,” not his own ideas. So his conscience was clear. There would be no bloodguilt chargeable to his account for failing to give the witness. (Acts 20:25-27) So it should be with overseers in this time of trial, difficulty and hardship in finishing the work of giving a widespread Kingdom witness. Overseers today know that much depends on their zealous example in taking the lead in the work. For this reason, they endeavor to have as great a share as possible in declaring the “good news.” Thus they, too, keep clean and free of any bloodguilt. Others in the congregation observe that these elders take the lead in warning the wicked and searching out the honesthearted. Accordingly, such fellow believers are encouraged to follow their fine example. As in the case of those whom Paul helped, many today making up “the flock” are persons first contacted by overseers who were witnessing in their territory. Now that such individuals are in the congregation, the overseers show even greater concern for them.​—1 Thess. 1:5, 6; 2:7, 8.

12. How are we to understand Paul’s statement at Acts 20:28?

¹² Paul’s great concern for those older men from Ephesus, as well as for “the flock” in their care, is indicated by his words: “Pay attention to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the holy spirit has appointed you overseers, to shepherd the congregation of God, which he purchased with the blood of his own Son.” (Acts 20:28) Each one of those men surely felt the need to examine himself in view of the serious responsibility involved in shepherding “the flock.” Also, those overseers needed to apply Paul’s counsel to themselves as a body of older men. They had to cooperate and work together in caring for “the flock.” For best results, there had to be unity of thought and action on their part. This, in itself, would show that they had deep concern for “the flock.”

13. What can be said about the application of Acts 20:28 today?

¹³ How appropriate it is to use Paul’s admonition for the benefit of Christian older men today! Often, as when traveling overseers meet with congregation elders, those words recorded at Acts 20:28 have served as a basis for sound counsel. Let it be noted that what is said there does not mean paying attention only to oneself. Rather, the entire body of elders in each congregation has the responsibility of caring for the specific needs of “the flock.” This is true even though each elder may have a definite assignment that contributes toward this overall objective. Overseers must fulfill their shepherding responsibilities conscientiously and with loving concern, recognizing that “the flock” is precious to Jehovah in view of the price paid for its purchase.​—Eph. 1:7.

Guarding Against Apostate “Wolves”

14. (a) What warning is found at Acts 20:29, 30? (b) Why was it timely for Paul to warn the Ephesian overseers?

¹⁴ Knowing what would develop after his death and that of the other apostles, Paul issued this warning: “I know that after my going away oppressive wolves will enter in among you and will not treat the flock with tenderness, and from among you yourselves men will rise and speak twisted things to draw away the disciples after themselves.” (Acts 20:29, 30) Later, the apostle Peter warned that there would be opportunists and promoters of sects preying upon the unwary, untaught and unsteady ones. (2 Pet. 2:1-3; 3:15, 16) As long as the apostles were present, they acted as a restraint against tendencies in that direction. But the Scriptures plainly foretold a major apostasy, and it did, in fact, eventuate. It still continues in the form of Christendom.​—2 Thess. 2:6-10.

15. (a) Why should those now shepherding “the flock” be watchful? (b) At times, why is it necessary for elders to act on the direction given at Romans 16:17-19?

¹⁵ In this “time of the end” the Christian witnesses of Jehovah are pointedly warned against apostatizing or falling away. (Dan. 12:4; Matt. 24:9-13) Hence, faithful Christian undershepherds must show concern for “the flock” by being watchful. They should be alert so as to protect members of “the flock” from slipping into bad associations. (1 Cor. 15:33) Maintaining a healthy spiritual outlook and attitude is not easy in view of the constant pressures from the unclean world. That is why each person in the congregation should heed the admonition: “Remember those who are taking the lead among you, who have spoken the word of God to you, and as you contemplate how their conduct turns out imitate their faith.” (Heb. 13:7) At times older men may find it necessary to offer Scriptural counsel and to caution fellow believers against being influenced by those who seek their own selfish interests and pleasure rather than the spiritual good of “the flock” as a whole. The firm direction given by Paul at Romans 16:17-19 applies in such cases. He stated: “Now I exhort you, brothers, to keep your eye on those who cause divisions and occasions for stumbling contrary to the teaching that you have learned, and avoid them. For men of that sort are slaves, not of our Lord Christ, but of their own bellies; and by smooth talk and complimentary speech they seduce the hearts of guileless ones. For your obedience has come to the notice of all. I therefore rejoice over you. But I want you to be wise as to what is good, but innocent as to what is evil.”

Laboring in Behalf of “the Flock”

16. (a) What is indicated by the fact that Paul sometimes gave admonition with tears? (b) In showing concern, overseers today work diligently to do what for “the flock”?

¹⁶ Because Paul traveled extensively, he had a broad view of what was taking place in the congregations of his time. He knew that there were various problems and dangers. So it is understandable that he should urge the older men of Ephesus to keep awake spiritually. Over a period of three years Paul had demonstrated his love and concern by continuously admonishing them, even with tears. (Acts 20:31) Evidently there was an emotional strain involved in such shepherding. It took something out of Paul to render that watchful and loving attention. It is not surprising, therefore, that overseers today go through a similar experience at times, especially when there are serious problems to handle. (Compare 2 Corinthians 2:4.) In such situations their foremost concern is for “the flock.” They labor diligently to keep it spiritually clean and healthy, free from leaven.​—1 Cor. 5:6; Gal. 5:7-10; Titus 2:1.

17. (a) What important point should be learned from Paul’s words at Acts 20:32? (b) Committing persons and their interests to Jehovah allows for what outcome?

¹⁷ In committing the Ephesian overseers “to God and to the word of his undeserved kindness,” Paul could feel confident that they were in the best of hands. (Acts 20:32) Likewise today, after overseers have done all that they can in giving counsel and help, or in taking whatever other disciplinary action is Scripturally advisable, they can leave matters in God’s hands. In situations where our dear brothers and sisters in the faith are beset by serious problems, it is always comforting to know that by committing them and their interests to Jehovah in prayer and letting his Word, spirit and organization provide the needed direction, the outcome will be according to his will. Under those circumstances, whatever occurs will be by God’s permission. (Compare 1 Peter 2:23.) Again, this shows concern for “the flock,” for it turns attention to the One who can do the most good in every situation.

18. (a) What was Paul’s view concerning his material provisions? (b) By imitating Paul’s example in this, how do overseers show concern for “the flock”?

¹⁸ With a clear conscience, Paul could point to the evidence that he had not sought to enrich himself at the expense of his brothers. He had worked with his own hands and thus had the satisfaction of caring for his necessities. (Acts 20:33, 34) True, when in need he did accept something from the Philippian Christians. He did not seek such gifts, but, rather, the fruitage that is associated with such giving. (Phil. 4:14-17) As Paul was industrious and did not serve for dishonest gain, so overseers of our day can set a fine example by showing that they are not lazy, or that they are not seeking to avoid hard work. Their concern for “the flock” prevents them from becoming a burden on the congregation.​—2 Thess. 3:6-10.

19. Acting in harmony with the principle stated at Acts 20:35 has what effect on overseers and the congregation as a whole?

¹⁹ Having noted what Paul had exhibited in his own life and service, those Ephesian overseers had something to go by as they endeavored to assist the weak and to give of themselves in building up the congregation. Acting in harmony with the principle that “there is more happiness in giving than there is in receiving,” present-day Christian overseers furnish a fine example for others. (Acts 20:35) Indeed, they not only give much but are giving unstintingly. Their continuing to do so contributes to the happiness of all in the congregation of Jehovah’s Witnesses.

“Anxiety for All the Congregations”

20. To what extent were Peter and Paul concerned with “the flock”?

²⁰ It is obvious that the fine examples provided by such faithful apostles as Peter and Paul were outstanding. They expended themselves in behalf of fellow Christians and showed deep concern not just for one congregation but for the whole association of their brothers. (1 Pet. 2:17) Despite many inconveniences, problems and trials, the apostles kept the spiritual welfare of “the flock” uppermost in mind.

21. (a) According to 2 Corinthians 11:23-28, what were some of “those things of an external kind” that Paul experienced? (b) How did Paul show his deep concern for others?

²¹ In writing to fellow believers at Corinth, Paul cited beatings, imprisonments, trying experiences and various dangers that he had encountered in serving as a minister. The apostle then added: “Besides those things of an external kind, there is what rushes in on me from day to day, the anxiety for all the congregations.” (2 Cor. 11:23-28) We can only imagine the pressures Paul had and the concern he felt for “all the congregations,” for he kept in touch with a number of Christian associates. (2 Tim. 4:9-13) He traveled extensively in the course of his missionary tours and made a number of return visits to the congregations. (Acts 15:36) His activities in behalf of others were demanding indeed. He gave talks for extended periods and regularly witnessed in synagogues, public places and from house to house. (Acts 17:2; 19:9, 10; 20:20) To care for his material needs and to avoid burdening the congregation, it was necessary for Paul to engage in secular work. (Acts 18:1-3; 2 Thess. 3:8, 9) Obviously, the apostle also spent considerable time studying God’s Word, and the knowledge thus acquired doubtless served him well when he was divinely inspired to write some 14 of the 27 books comprising the Christian Greek Scriptures. Truly, Paul was a very busy man, but he carried on, always displaying great concern for “the flock.”

22, 23. (a) In our time, what are some ways in which provision is made for the “flock of God”? (b) All these provisions furnish evidence of what, and how should we be affected thereby?

²² There is a vast amount of work being done today in behalf of the “flock of God.” With over 42,000 congregations of Jehovah’s people, think of the attention that must be given to their needs. A regular flow of spiritual food is being provided by the “faithful and discreet slave.” (Matt. 24:45-47) Programs for congregation meetings, circuit assemblies and district conventions are arranged regularly to enable Christians to come together for spiritually upbuilding study, worship and association. (Heb. 10:23-25) Traveling overseers are sent to visit and care for the special needs of all the congregations (Compare Acts 16:4, 5.) Communications containing counsel and encouragement are sent to congregations and bodies of elders. (Compare Philippians 1:1; 1 Peter 5:12; Jude 3.) Other arrangements, too numerous to mention, are made to benefit the “flock of God” spiritually and otherwise.

²³ This work involves a tremendous amount of time, effort and expense. But of what is it an evidence? It shows that Jehovah cares for his people. Through his Son, the Fine Shepherd, God demonstrates superb shepherding ability. (Isa. 40:10, 11) Tens of thousands of undershepherds have been appointed by holy spirit and they are sharing in shepherding the “flock of God.” All of this shows loving concern for “the flock” as a whole and for the individuals that make up “the flock.” May we personally display heartfelt appreciation for the love shown by the Great Shepherd, Jehovah God, and his Son, Jesus Christ, in all their tender care for us.

Overseers​—Be Fine Examples to “the Flock”

“Become an example to the faithful ones in speaking, in conduct, in love, in faith, in chasteness.”​—1 Tim. 4:12.

1. Why should we expect Christian overseers to set a fine example?

MUCH is involved in serving as an overseer in the Christian congregation. This fact is recognized by thousands of dedicated, spiritual men who are entrusted with this privilege today. Since all individuals in the congregation are Christian brothers and sisters, appointed elders know that their responsibility does not make them any better than other worshipers of Jehovah. (Matt. 23:8-12) Yet, in view of their responsibilities and the Scriptural requirements they must meet, more is expected of them. It is even as Jesus said: “Indeed, everyone to whom much was given, much will be demanded of him; and the one whom people put in charge of much, they will demand more than usual of him.” (Luke 12:48) “The flock” is greatly affected by what these undershepherds say and do. It is expected, therefore, that these men would set a fine example for others.

2. In what particular ways did Paul encourage Timothy to become an example?

² This matter of being a good example cannot be overemphasized. It is one of the direct points of counsel found in Paul’s first letter to the overseer Timothy. Paul did not take anything for granted, and he did not want Timothy to do so either. Because Timothy was still a young man, some might tend to look down on him. No doubt Paul had this in mind when he wrote: “Let no man ever look down on your youth. On the contrary, become an example to the faithful ones in speaking in conduct, in love, in faith, in chasteness. While I am coming, continue applying yourself to public reading, to exhortation, to teaching. Do not be neglecting the gift in you that was given you through a prediction and when the body of older men laid their hands upon you.” (1 Tim. 4:12-14) There would be no legitimate reason for others to look down on Timothy if he continued to pursue an exemplary Christian course in life.

3. What should overseers examine, and why?

³ Like Timothy, overseers among Jehovah’s people today ought to examine their own life pattern. While our discussion especially concerns overseers, ministerial servants and men who are reaching out for greater congregational responsibility, all Christians should carefully consider what is involved in serving as an example to “the flock.” (2 Cor. 13:5) But now we ask: “Elders, are you really setting a fine example?” Your fellow believers look upon you while having in mind these words recorded at Hebrews 13:7: “Remember those who are taking the lead among you, who have spoken the word of God to you, and as you contemplate how their conduct turns out imitate their faith.” Yes, elders, your Christian associates want to prove faithful to Jehovah. To do this they need not only Scripturally based counsel and words of comfort but your encouraging example. They will imitate your faith as they observe your right conduct and the outcome to which it leads.

4. (a) How do 1 Timothy 3:1 and Matthew 20:26, 27 emphasize what is involved in serving as Christian overseers? (b) Fulfilling his responsibilities requires what of an elder? (c) According to 1 Thessalonians 5:12, 13, for whom should brothers have regard, and how should they show it?

⁴ This does not mean that, as an appointed elder, you are indispensable. Not at all. But you have a “fine work” in serving your spiritual brothers and sisters. (1 Tim. 3:1) Yours is not a position of some supposed greatness resulting from your efforts. (Matt. 20:26, 27) Yes, you have additional privileges and responsibilities. But properly fulfilling these will require that you humbly slave for Jehovah, Jesus Christ and your fellow believers. (Rom. 12:11; Gal. 5:13; Col. 3:23, 24) Indeed, you must work hard, preside, admonish and do other things in behalf of your brothers and sisters in the faith. They recognize that you have an appointment; but it is the hard work you do, along with your example, that moves them to be responsive in supporting your efforts. Such regard is proper and in keeping with the apostle Paul’s words: “Now we request you, brothers, to have regard for those who are working hard among you and presiding over you in the Lord and admonishing you; and to give them more than extraordinary consideration in love because of their work.”​—1 Thess. 5:12, 13.

A Fine Example “in Speaking”

5. In what varied circumstances should overseers be a fine example “in speaking,” and why is this necessary?

⁵ There can be no question about the need for overseers to be a fine example “in speaking.” Certainly, this is something that must be true in their own homes. Also, it must be manifest when they speak to individual members of the congregation or from the public platform, as well as when they are witnessing from house to house in the community. An overseer’s comments may influence others more than he realizes. So what he says must always be based on or governed by the principles of God’s Word.

6. Why must elders guard against wrong thoughts and “speak good things”?

⁶ For speech to be upbuilding, the heart must be filled with good things from God’s Word. Then the mouth will “speak good things,” making statements that are spiritually fitting and upbuilding. (Matt. 12:34) An overseer must guard against letting wrong thoughts or ideas take root in his mind or heart, as this ultimately would show up in his speech and would be detrimental to others. Showing what to avoid and the kind of sayings that should be heard, the Bible counsels: “No bad language must pass your lips, but only what is good and helpful to the occasion, so that it brings a blessing to those who hear it.”​—Eph. 4:29, The New English Bible.

7. Why should Christian overseers refrain from spreading strictly personal opinions or ideas?

⁷ To be an example in speaking, Christian undershepherds must not go “beyond the things that are written.” (1 Cor. 4:6) Whether in matters of doctrine, morals or Christian organization, an overseer should “preach the word.” (2 Tim. 4:2) If he were to introduce strictly personal opinions or to spread ideas contrary to the teaching received through the “faithful and discreet slave,” this would cause confusion. Rather than pushing ahead presumptuously in a course that could lead to dishonor, therefore, why not wait upon Jehovah and his organization? (Prov. 11:2) Perhaps there will be a further explanation or clarification of the subject later. Or, through prayer and diligent study of God’s Word with the help of the Watch Tower publications, the elder may find that he was wrong and will be glad that he did not spread his mistaken views.

8. (a) Why avoid fighting about words and getting involved in debates? (2 Tim. 2:14-19) (b) If a person raises a question and needs spiritual help, how should aid be given?

⁸ Paul told Timothy to charge others “not to fight about words, a thing of no usefulness at all because it overturns those listening.” The apostle then referred to the unhealthy effects of statements made by men who had deviated from the truth. There is nothing to be gained and likely much to be lost spiritually by fighting about words or getting involved in debates with those who reject healthful teaching. (2 Tim. 2:14-19; Titus 1:7-9) This does not mean that a person cannot sincerely raise a question about a matter that he does not understand. However, insisting on some viewpoint may cause unnecessary disturbance. Of course, if some individuals need spiritual help, there is a proper way to teach, and that is “with mildness.”​—2 Tim. 2:23-26.

9. To teach effectively, what is required of overseers?

⁹ Overseers should “work hard in speaking and teaching,” not only in reaching outsiders with the truth but in spiritually building up the congregation. (1 Tim. 5:17) It takes time and effort to prepare Bible talks and meeting parts that are spiritually refreshing, instructive and practical. By regularly studying the Scriptures and by using the Watch Tower Society’s publications, talk outlines and other material from the “faithful and discreet slave,” speakers and teachers can develop many fine points that will enable them to impart healthful teaching. And by becoming an example in speaking, overseers show that they are applying themselves in the right way.

Always Maintaining “Fine Conduct”

10, 11. (a) What relationship is there between conduct and heavenly wisdom? (b) What happens when the wisdom from above is displayed, as compared with situations wherein ungodly traits are in evidence?

¹⁰ Congregational overseers must become an example also “in conduct.” To succeed in maintaining fine conduct, they need heavenly wisdom and understanding. The disciple James emphasizes this point, saying: “Who is wise and understanding among you? Let him show out of his fine conduct his works with a mildness that belongs to wisdom. But if you have bitter jealousy and contentiousness in your hearts, do not be bragging and lying against the truth. This is not the wisdom that comes down from above, but is the earthly, animal, demonic. For where jealousy and contentiousness are, there disorder and every vile thing are.”​—Jas. 3:13-16; 1 Pet. 2:12.

¹¹ Relationships with fellow elders as well as with other congregation members are strengthened by fine conduct that reflects heavenly wisdom. (Jas. 3:17, 18) On the other hand, contentiousness, jealousy, bragging and other worldly, animalistic and demonic traits and actions tear down such relationships. These bad traits have no place among the ranks of God’s people. To act in a self-centered way belies any profession of Christlike love. Hence, fine conduct calls for “doing nothing out of contentiousness or out of egotism, but with lowliness of mind considering that the others are superior to you.” (Phil. 2:3) Such conduct is truly exemplary in that it reflects a mental attitude like that displayed by Christ Jesus.​—Phil. 2:5-8.

12. (a) How should female members of the congregation be viewed and treated? (b) What are overseers required to do about violations of God’s moral standards? (c) In connection with judicial matters, confidentiality places what responsibility on elders?

¹² To set a fine example, overseers and other responsible brothers must always conduct themselves circumspectly toward the opposite sex. They are to entreat “older women as mothers, younger women as sisters with all chasteness.” (1 Tim. 5:1, 2) Constant vigilance is needed so as to guard against any ‘loosening up’ as regards adherence to God’s high moral standards. If there is definite evidence that some are trying to corrupt others morally, overseers must take swift action to keep the organization clean, knowing that Jehovah ‘exacts punishment for these things.’ (1 Thess. 4:3-8) At the same time, appointed undershepherds must refrain from openly discussing judicial matters involving those who have violated God’s righteous principles. Confidentiality must be maintained. The congregation can be expected to have full confidence only in elders who exercise proper oversight and whose personal conduct is always above reproach.

Exemplary “in Love”

13. What spirit is necessary if overseers are to be successful in setting a fine example, and why so?

¹³ Overseers cannot be truly successful in becoming “an example to the faithful ones” unless they manifest the spirit of love. After reminding Timothy to ‘stir up the gift of God that was in him,’ Paul said: “For God gave us not a spirit of cowardice, but that of power and of love and of soundness of mind.” (2 Tim. 1:6, 7) We know the wholesome effects produced in our lives as a result of having God manifest this quality of love toward us. When overseers are fine examples in displaying the spirit’s fruit of love, this, more than anything else, shows how they feel about their fellow worshipers of Jehovah. Love has a drawing power, prompting us to seek the counsel and help of loving undershepherds. We appreciate the warmth of their interest and their earnest desire to aid us in making spiritual progress.

14. Married overseers have what opportunities to show that they ‘love their wives as their own bodies,’ and this enables their wives to do what?

¹⁴ To carry on as spiritual men, overseers endeavor to ‘let all their affairs take place with love.’ (1 Cor. 16:13, 14) If married, these men are to be “loving their wives as their own bodies,” which they feed and cherish. (Eph. 5:28, 29) Overseers appreciate how much their own bodies require daily care. So, too, their wives need attention and regular spiritual care that will enable them to fulfill their supportive wifely roles in a way that is “becoming in the Lord.” (Col. 3:18, 19) Discussing the daily text from the Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses, reviewing material in the Society’s publications, preparing for Christian meetings and keeping awake to occasions for praying together​—all are expressions of such love. Also, as opportunity affords, elders should help their wives in other ways. This and the proper rearing of any children the couple may have will provide evidence that the man presides well over his own household and thus meets one of the Scriptural requirements for overseers.​—1 Tim. 3:4, 5; 5:8.

15. How can an overseer show that he can “take care of God’s congregation” and that he has love?

¹⁵ Indeed, an overseer who maintains a fine family arrangement shows that he can “take care of God’s congregation.” (1 Tim. 3:5) In discharging congregational responsibilities, an elder takes a keen personal interest in those related to him in the faith. (Gal. 6:9, 10) Overseers prepare for and conduct congregation meetings, visit the sick and others in need, and regularly participate in publicly declaring the “good news.” All of this is an example of love for God, for the “sheep” in their care and for those to whom these elders preach the Kingdom message.

16. What moved Paul to act in the best interests of the Corinthian congregation, and is the same attitude found among Christian overseers today?

¹⁶ There are times when overseers find it necessary to give direct counsel or to take disciplinary action. Their desire is to help individuals and protect the congregation. In this, elders imitate the apostle Paul. Motivated by love, the apostle acted in the best interests of the congregation at Corinth, although this placed a considerable strain on him. He wrote: “Out of much tribulation and anguish of heart I wrote you with many tears, not that you might be saddened, but that you might know the love that I have more especially for you.” (2 Cor. 2:4) While some persons in that congregation did not fully appreciate Paul’s tireless and unselfish efforts, he was willing to expend himself even further in their behalf, for he said: “For my part I will most gladly spend and be completely spent for your souls. If I love you the more abundantly, am I to be loved the less?” (2 Cor. 12:15) Like Paul, many overseers exert themselves wholeheartedly. They do so out of love for their brothers, thus setting a commendable example.

17. The fine examples of many overseers have had what effect upon the organization of God’s people, providing a basis for what sentiments on the part of faithful undershepherds?

¹⁷ It is possible to point to many overseers who have for years literally spent themselves in serving Jehovah and caring for the needs of their spiritual brothers and sisters. The example provided by these men has promoted the spirit of love in the entire organization of God’s people. Our confidence has been strengthened by such examples in shepherding “the flock” during these trialsome days. Because of having true love and concern for “the flock,” these undershepherds have reason to express themselves as did Paul, who wrote: “May the Lord cause you to increase, yes, make you abound, in love to one another and to all, even as we also do to you; to the end that he may make your hearts firm, unblamable in holiness before our God and Father at the presence of our Lord Jesus with all his holy ones.”​—1 Thess. 3:12, 13.

Showing Faith Strengthens Fellow Believers

18. To what works should overseers be able to point as evidence that they have genuine faith?

¹⁸ Despite the loud religious professions of many today, “faith is not a possession of all people.” (2 Thess. 3:2) It must, however, be our possession if we are to please God. (Heb. 11:6) Here, too, Christian overseers must be an example to all​—“in faith.” Moreover, they must have deeds or works to prove the existence of genuine faith on their part. (Jas. 2:14-26) Among other things, these works include such deeds as comforting sick fellow believers, supplying the needy among them and having a regular share in proclaiming the “good news of the kingdom.”​—Matt. 24:14; compare Matthew 25:34-40.

19. Why is faith essential, and what does it enable many to do?

¹⁹ It is significant that Paul repeatedly stressed the point that ‘the righteous one will live by reason of faith.’ (Rom. 1:17; Gal. 3:11; Heb. 10:38) Faith not only provides us with a vision of what lies ahead but moves us to do things. For example, it takes faith to enroll as auxiliary or regular pioneers and then serve as full-time preachers of the “good news.” (Mark 13:10) Despite family responsibilities and other duties, many overseers and ministerial servants arrange to share in this activity. Many adjust their secular employment and other affairs so as to give more attention to congregational responsibilities. And genuine faith is required when taking a direct part in preaching the “good news,” fulfilling assignments at Christian assemblies, erecting Kingdom Halls or engaging in various day-to-day theocratic activities. Indeed, it takes faith for overseers and all of Jehovah’s people to believe, live, work and worship according to God’s Word.

20. (a) What part does faith play in taking a firm stand against the Devil? (b) How can overseers especially help fellow believers to surmount trials of their faith?

²⁰ Faith also is needed to withstand difficulties and surmount trials of faith. After Peter exhorted older men to become examples to “the flock,” he warned: “Keep your senses, be watchful. Your adversary, the Devil, walks about like a roaring lion, seeking to devour someone. But take your stand against him, solid in the faith, knowing that the same things in the way of sufferings are being accomplished in the entire association of your brothers in the world.” (1 Pet. 5:8, 9) Overseers must be ever alert to the Devil’s tactics and the devices he uses to sidetrack, ensnare or devour God’s servants. Never should Christians allow themselves to be lulled into complacency about the situation they face, and appointed undershepherds of “the flock” should be especially vigilant. In many lands, experience shows that when difficulties and trials befall Jehovah’s Witnesses, overseers are in the forefront of the battle. With reliance on God, these elders keep helping their fellow believers in various ways, resisting the Adversary, praying earnestly, and using the large shield of faith and other spiritual armor.​—Eph. 6:10-18.

21. What do overseers, in being examples in faith themselves, help “the flock” to do as far as faith and hope are concerned?

²¹ Overseers should help “the flock” to walk by faith and rejoice in the hope ahead. Because of their invisibility, we cannot see Jehovah God and his Son in the heavenly realm. Nevertheless, their dealings with us are real. (Heb. 11:27) What is taking place as a result of their leadership is in fulfillment of what the Bible foretold. Overseers should eagerly help their spiritual brothers and sisters to appreciate this fact and to see that members of the “great crowd” are being gathered in considerable numbers. Jehovah’s blessing is on the work being done. (Isa. 60:22; Rev. 7:9) We are experiencing the spiritual security he has promised. (Ps. 91:1, 2) Fruits of Jehovah’s holy spirit, including faith, do abound among God’s people today. (Gal. 5:22, 23; compare Romans 1:8.) Our eyes of faith behold the coming execution of Jehovah’s judgments. (Rev. 11:16-18; 16:14, 16) Beyond the “great tribulation” a new order is due to begin, and the earth will be brought to a paradise state. (Matt. 24:21; Luke 23:43; 2 Pet. 3:11-13) There is going to be a resurrection. (John 5:28, 29; Acts 24:15) The human family will be restored to peaceful relations with God, and everlasting life will be the lot of those who prove obedient during the final test. (Rev. 20:7-10) But as we look to the future, we appreciate the tens of thousands of overseers who now serve as examples in faith, loyal undershepherds who are doing so much to help “the flock” to rejoice in the hope ahead.​—Rom. 12:12.

“In Chasteness”​—Worthy Examples

22. (a) How can reflection on Philippians 4:8 and James 3:17 help overseers to be examples in chasteness? (b) In recommending brothers for responsibility within the congregation, how must overseers endeavor to remain chaste?

²² Finally, overseers are exhorted to “become an example to the faithful ones . . . in chasteness.” This means more than being clean in mind and moral conduct. Obviously, they must be careful that what their minds dwell upon is chaste. (Phil. 4:8; Jas. 3:17) But, in order to remain chaste, overseers must also exercise good judgment when considering brothers for responsibility within the congregation. Their qualifications must be weighed carefully in the light of Scriptural requirements. Never should favoritism be shown to personal friends or relatives. If there are doubts about a person’s moral conduct, allow time and facts to remove such doubts. This would be in line with the sound counsel found at 1 Timothy 5:22: “Never lay your hands hastily upon any man; neither be a sharer in the sins of others; preserve yourself chaste.”

23. What will help overseers to preserve themselves chaste in handling judicial matters?

²³ Overseers also avoid sharing in the sins of others by handling judicial matters properly. In dealing with cases of wrongdoing, elders should be merciful when the circumstances call for mercy, but they must not condone or take a casual view of sin. (Prov. 28:13; Jas. 2:13; compare Jude 3-15, 22, 23.) Care must be exercised by appointed elders so that they are not swayed by partiality, sentiment or emotion when listening to the statements of wrongdoers or the testimony of others. By letting Bible principles govern any decisions they make in such cases, faithful undershepherds will preserve themselves chaste.

24. What will make it possible for overseers to express themselves as Paul did at 1 Corinthians 11:1?

²⁴ By becoming examples in the foregoing ways, all faithful Christian overseers can with good conscience say, as Paul did: “Become imitators of me, even as I am of Christ.” (1 Cor. 11:1) Although conscious of his personal weaknesses, the apostle was able to say with confidence that he was following Christ. The same thing is true of overseers today who are endeavoring to measure up to God’s requirements.

Congregation Encouraged to Speak the Word Boldly

25. Imitating the good example set by Christian overseers can produce what results in the congregation due to God’s blessings?

²⁵ What results can we expect from following the example provided by faithful undershepherds of the “flock of God”? Why, all in the congregation will be encouraged to continue speaking the word of God with boldness while maintaining fine conduct! (Acts 4:29-31; 1 Pet. 2:12) The fruitage of love will unmistakably identify the congregation as being made up of Jesus Christ’s true disciples, and this will draw others into association with God’s people. (Zech. 8:23; John 13:34, 35) Active faith will be displayed in the doing of such fine works as preaching the “good news,” making disciples and pursuing godly ways. (Matt. 24:14; 28:19, 20) With chasteness dominating the lives of all who seek God’s approval, the entire congregation will be kept clean. May we therefore serve Jehovah together in faithfulness, appreciating the blessings we enjoy as God’s people. And may our loving heavenly Father continue to bless our united efforts as we work with Christian overseers who are fine examples to “the flock.”