Ani Shitsaa He Odaseyeli Yɛ ni Tsɔɔ akɛ Yesu Ba Shihilɛ Mli?

“YESU He Odaseyeli Yɛ ni Aŋma yɛ Tɛ Nɔ.” Nɛkɛ ji bɔ ni sane ni aŋma yɛ Biblical Archaeology Review (November/December 2002) wolo lɛ sɛɛ lɛ jaje. Atɛ̃ŋ adeka ko ni akɛ kaaloo tɛ fee, ni ji gbonyo wui adeka ni ayana yɛ Israel lɛ yɛ nakai wolo lɛ sɛɛ. Yudafoi lɛ kɛ gbohii awui adekai tsu nii waa yɛ amɛteŋ yɛ be kuku ni yɔɔ kɛjɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afii 100 D.Ŋ.B. lɛ kɛyashi afi 70 Ŋ.B. lɛ mli. Nɔ ni ha nɛkɛ adeka nɛɛ fee nɔ ni sa kadimɔ waa ji akɛ, áŋma Aram wiemɔ niŋmaa ko yɛ efãgbɛ. Bɔ ni woloŋlelɔi kpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ ekaneɔ ji: “Yakobo, Yosef bi, Yesu nyɛmi nuu.”

Taakɛ Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, Yesu ni jɛ Nazaret lɛ yɛ nyɛmi nuu ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Yakobo, ní akpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ eji Yosef, ni ji Maria wu lɛ binuu. Beni Yesu Kristo tsɔɔ nii yɛ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ emaŋ lɛ mli lɛ, toibolɔi ní amɛhe ejɔ̃ amɛhe lɛ bi akɛ: “Ani jeee ŋaalɔ lɛ bi lɛ nɛ? Ani jeee enyɛ atsɛɔ lɛ Maria, kɛ enyɛmimɛi hii Yakobo kɛ Yose kɛ Simon kɛ Yuda lɛ? Ni enyɛmimɛi yei lɛ, ani jeee amɛ fɛɛ amɛkɛ wɔ yɔɔ?”—Mateo 13:54-56; Luka 4:22; Yohane 6:42.

Hɛɛ, niŋmaa ni yɔɔ gbonyo wui adeka lɛ he lɛ sa bɔ pɛ ni atsɔɔ Yesu, Nazarenyo lɛ mli aha lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. André Lemaire, ni ji mɔ ni le blema nibii ni aŋmalaa lɛ he saji jogbaŋŋ lɛ, ní eŋma sane ni atsĩ tã kɛtsɔ hiɛ yɛ Biblical Archaeology Review lɛ mli lɛ kɛɛ akɛ, kɛji akɛ Yakobo ni atsĩ etã yɛ niŋmaa lɛ mli lɛ ji Yesu Kristo nyɛ bi lɛ, belɛ ebaanyɛ efee akɛ no ji “Yesu he shitsaa he odaseyeli ni etsɛ fe fɛɛ ni ana yɛ Biblia lɛ sɛɛ.” Hershel Shanks, ni ji wolo tɛtrɛɛ lɛ ŋmalɔ lɛ ŋma akɛ gbonyo wui adeka lɛ “ji nɔ ko ni anyɛɔ anaa ni amɔɔ mli ni gbalaa jwɛŋmɔ kɛyaa mɔ aŋkro ko ni he hiaa fe fɛɛ ni ehi shikpɔŋ nɔ pɛŋ lɛ nɔ.”

Shi kɛlɛ, gbɛii etɛ lɛ fɛɛ ní aŋmala yɛ gbonyo wui adeka lɛ he ni anyɛɔ akaneɔ lɛ ji gbɛii komɛi ni ale jogbaŋŋ yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afii 100 lɛ mli. No hewɔ lɛ, ebaanyɛ eba lɛ akɛ yɛ Yesu Kristo weku lɛ sɛɛ lɛ, weku ko ni mɛi ni fata emli bii lɛ ahe ji Yakobo ko, Yosef ko, kɛ Yesu ko lɛ ba shihilɛ mli. Lemaire tsɔɔ mli akɛ: “Be mli ni yinɔi enyɔ lɛ yɔɔ shihilɛ mli yɛ Yerusalem dani afi 70 Ŋ.B. lɛ aaashɛ lɛ, . . . ekolɛ mɛi aaafee 20 yɛ ní abaanyɛ atsɛ amɛ akɛ ‘Yakobo/Yakob ni ji Yosef bi ní efeɔ Yesu nyɛmi lɛ.’” Shi fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, esusuɔ akɛ Yakobo ni atsĩ etã yɛ gbonyo wui adeka lɛ he niŋmaa lɛ mli lɛ baanyɛ afee Yesu Kristo nyɛ bi yɛ bei babaoo mli.

Oti kroko hu yɛ ni haa mɛi komɛi heɔ yeɔ akɛ Yakobo ni atsĩ etã yɛ niŋmaa lɛ mli lɛ ji Yesu Kristo nyɛ bi. Eyɛ mli akɛ efɔɔ kaa akɛ atsĩɔ mɔ ni egbo lɛ tsɛ gbɛi atã yɛ niŋmaai ni tamɔ nɛkɛ mli moŋ, shi efɔɔɔ kaa akɛ abaatsĩ enyɛmi ko gbɛi tã. No hewɔ lɛ, woloŋlelɔi komɛi heɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ nɛkɛ Yesu nɛɛ baanyɛ afee mɔ ko ni he hiaa waa, ni no eha amɛmiisusu akɛ lɛ ji Yesu Kristo, mɔ ni to Kristojamɔ shishi lɛ.

Ani Gbonyo Wui Adeka lɛ Ji Nɔ ko ni Yɔɔ Diɛŋtsɛ?

Mɛni ji gbonyo wui adeka? Eji adeka ni akɛ mɔ ko ni egbo lɛ wui woɔ mli beni gbonyo lɛ ekpɔtɔ egbe naa yɛ tɛkpolo ni afũ lɛ yɛ mli lɛ mli lɛ. Ayahà gbohii awui adekai babaoo yɛ fuuhei ni yɔɔ Yerusalem niiaŋ lɛ. Aná adeka ni aŋma Yakob gbɛi yɛ he lɛ yɛ blema nibii ahɔɔmɔhe ko, ejɛɛɛ shitsaahe ko ni akpɛlɛɔ nɔ ni ale. Atsɔɔ mli akɛ, ninenaa nitsumɔ lɛ nɔtsɛ lɛ kɛ dɔlai ohai fioo ko hé yɛ afi 1970 afii lɛ amli. No hewɔ lɛ, aleee he ni akɛ gbonyo wui adeka lɛ jɛ. Nilelɔ Bruce Chilton ni jɛ Bard College, New York lɛ kɛɛ akɛ: “Kɛji onyɛɛɛ otsɔɔ he ni aná ninenaa nitsumɔ ko yɛ kɛ he ni eyɔɔ aaafee afii 2,000 nɛɛ lɛ, no lɛ, onyɛŋ okwa ni otsɔɔ wekukpaa ni yɔɔ nakai nii lɛ kɛ mɛi ni ekolɛ ebaatsĩ amɛtã lɛ teŋ.”

Bɔni afee ni ana akɛ adeka lɛ ená shitsaa kɛha blema nibii ataomɔ sɛɛfimɔ lɛ, André Lemaire kɛtee Geological Survey ni yɔɔ Israel lɛ. Niiamlitaolɔi ni yɔɔ jɛmɛ lɛ ma nɔ mi akɛ, kaaloo tɛ ji nɔ ni akɛfee gbonyo wui adeka lɛ kɛjɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afii 100 loo 200 Ŋ.B. Amɛbɔ amaniɛ akɛ “anaaa okadi ko ni tsɔɔ akɛ akɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ nitsumɔ dade loo dɛŋdade ko tsu he nii.” Ni kɛlɛ, Biblia he nilelɔi ni The New York Times lɛ bibii amɛ saji lɛ tsɔɔ mli akɛ “ekolɛ nibii ni ba ni haa anaa odaseyeli akɛ ekɔɔ Yesu he lɛ mli wa moŋ, shi yɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, eji nibii komɛi ni ba kɛkɛ ni sɛɛnamɔ ko bɛ he.”

Time wolo tɛtrɛɛ lɛ wie akɛ “eehe efee akɛ mɛi fɛɛ ni le woloŋ yɛ bei nɛɛ amli lɛ ejeee ŋwane akɛ Yesu ehi shi pɛŋ.” Fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, mɛi babaoo susuɔ akɛ esa akɛ aná odaseyeli ko kɛfata Biblia mli nɔ̃ ni tsɔɔ akɛ Yesu ba shihilɛ mli lɛ he. Ani esa akɛ shitsaa nibii afee nɔ ni mɔ ko damɔɔ nɔ kɛha hemɔkɛyeli yɛ Yesu Kristo mli? Mɛɛ odaseyeli wɔyɔɔ ni tsɔɔ yinɔsane mli anɔkwale ni kɔɔ “gbɔmɔ ni he hiaa fe mɔ fɛɛ mɔ ni ehi shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ pɛŋ” lɛ he?

[Hei ni Mfonirii ni yɔɔ baafa 3 lɛ Jɛ]

Abɛkugbɛ, James Ossuary: AFP PHOTO/J.P. Moczulski; ninejurɔgbɛ, niŋmaa: AFP PHOTO/HO