Lefèvre d’Étaples​—Eesumɔ ni Mɛi Foji Anu Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ Shishi

GBI KO Hɔgbaa leebi ko yɛ afi 1520 afii lɛ amli lɛ, mɛi ni yɔɔ Meaux, ni ji maŋ bibioo ko ni bɛŋkɛ Paris lɛ, anaa kpɛ amɛhe waa yɛ nɔ ni amɛnu be ni amɛtee sɔlemɔ lɛ he. Amɛnu ni aakane Sanekpakpai lɛ yɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛmaŋ wiemɔ mli​—akane yɛ French mli, shi jeee Latin!

Biblia shishitsɔɔlɔ ni to nifeemɔ nɛɛ he gbɛjianɔ ji, Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples (Latin, Jacobus Faber Stapulensis), ni sɛɛ mli lɛ eŋma kɛyahã enaanyo ko akɛ: ‘Ebaafee bo naakpɛɛ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ miisumɔ waa ni mɛi foji ni yɔɔ hei komɛi lɛ anu e-Wiemɔ lɛ shishi.’

Nakai beiaŋ, Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛ Nyɔŋmɔjamɔ he nilelɔi ni yɔɔ Paris lɛ sumɔɔɔ kwraa ni akɛ Bibliai ni yɔɔ wiemɔi ni mɛi babaoo wieɔ lɛ mli lɛ atsu nii. Hewɔ lɛ, mɛni tsirɛ Lefèvre ni etsɔɔ Biblia lɛ shishi kɛtee French mli lɛ? Ni te efee tɛŋŋ eye ebua mɛi foji lɛ ni amɛnu Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ shishi?

ETAO NƆ NI ŊMALƐI LƐ TSƆƆ DIƐŊTSƐ

Dani Lefèvre baatsɔ Biblia shishitsɔɔlɔ lɛ, no mli lɛ etswa efai shi akɛ ebaahã shishinumɔ diɛŋtsɛ ni yɔɔ Nyɔŋmɔjamɔ he woji ni aŋmala yɛ nakai beiaŋ lɛ sɛɛ lɛ afee faŋŋ. Eyɔse akɛ, woji ni aŋmala yɛ blema lɛ amli eyi kɛ tɔ̃mɔi babaoo ni ba be ni atsɔɔ shishi yɛ afii ni eho lɛ amli lɛ. Be ni ebɔɔ mɔdɛŋ ni enu blema woji ni aŋmala lɛ ashishi lɛ, ebɔi Biblia ni Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛtsuɔ nii, ni ji Latin Vulgate lɛ kasemɔ jogbaŋŋ.

Ŋmalɛi lɛ ni ekase jogbaŋŋ lɛ hã emu sane naa akɛ, ‘anɔkwalei ni kɔɔ Nyɔŋmɔ he ni abaakase lɛ pɛ ji nɔ ni hãa mɔ náa miishɛɛ waa.’ Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Lefèvre kpa jeŋnilee he nikasemɔ, ni etuu ehe kwraa kɛhã Biblia lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ.

Yɛ afi 1509 lɛ, Lefèvre ŋmala nibii komɛi ni ena yɛ Lalai Awoloa lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔi srɔtoi enumɔ ni yɔɔ Latin mli, ni Vulgate lɛ hu fata he lɛ eshwie shi. Ebɔ mɔdɛŋ akɛ ebaatao ‘shishinumɔ diɛŋtsɛ’ ni yɔɔ Biblia mli saji lɛ asɛɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ Nyɔŋmɔjamɔ he nilelɔi ni hi shi yɛ ebeiaŋ lɛ efeee nakai. Gbɛ nɔ ni etsɔ etsɔɔ Ŋmalɛi lɛ ashishi lɛ ná Biblia shishitsɔɔlɔi kɛ jamɔ hiɛtsakelɔi komɛi anɔ hewalɛ waa.​—Kwɛmɔ akrabatsa ni ji, “Bɔ ni Lefèvre Ná Martin Luther nɔ Hewalɛ” lɛ.

Akɛni afɔ Lefèvre awo Katoliknyo jamɔ lɛ mli hewɔ lɛ, eyiŋ tsɔ faŋŋ akɛ, ja atsɔɔ mɛi foji lɛ ŋmalɛi lɛ amli jogbaŋŋ dani nɔ fɛɛ nɔ baaya nɔ jogbaŋŋ yɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ mli. Shi te aaafee tɛŋŋ ni mɛi foji lɛ baanu Ŋmalɛi lɛ ashishi, be mli ni Latin mli titri aŋmala niŋmai krɔŋkrɔŋi nɛɛ yɛ lɛ?

BIBLIA SHISHITSƆƆMƆ NI MƆ FƐƐ MƆ NINE BAANYƐ ASHƐ NƆ

Akɛni Lefèvre sumɔɔ Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ waa hewɔ lɛ, etswa efai shi akɛ ebaahã mɛi babaoo nine ashɛ nɔ. Bɔ ni afee ni enyɛ etsu oti nɛɛ he nii lɛ, yɛ June 1523 lɛ, etsɔɔ Sanekpakpai lɛ ashishi kɛtee French mli, ni ekala lɛ kpoi enyɔ; bɔ ni edalɛ yɔɔ hewɔ lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛwo atade kotoku mli. Biblia bibioo nɛɛ​—ni jara shɛɔ Biblia ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ nakai beiaŋ lɛ jara fã lɛ​—hã ohiafoi po nyɛ amɛhé eko.

Etsɛɛɛ kɛkɛ ni mɛi foji lɛ kɛ miishɛɛ babaoo kpɛlɛ nɔ. Hii kɛ yei fɛɛ miisumɔ waa ni amɛkane Yesu wiemɔi lɛ yɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛ wiemɔ mli aahu akɛ, klɛŋklɛŋ woji 1,200 ni akala lɛ fɛɛ tã yɛ nyɔji fioo pɛ mli.

EFEE EKÃA KƐTSƆƆ BIBLIA LƐ SHISHI

Lefèvre tsɔɔ mli yɛ Sanekpakpai lɛ ahiɛkpamɔ lɛ mli akɛ, etsɔɔ shishi kɛtee French mli koni “mɛi foji” ni yɔɔ sɔlemɔ lɛ mli lɛ “anu anɔkwalei ni amɛkaneɔ lɛ shishi jogbaŋŋ, taakɛ eji yɛ mɛi ni kaneɔ yɛ Latin mli lɛ agbɛfaŋ lɛ.” Shi mɛni hewɔ Lefèvre miisumɔ waa ni eye ebua mɛi foji lɛ koni amɛle nɔ tuuntu ni Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ?

Lefèvre le jogbaŋŋ akɛ, adesai atsɔɔmɔi kɛ jeŋ nilee ená Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ tsɔɔmɔi lɛ anɔ hewalɛ waa. (Marko 7:7; Kolosebii 2:8) Ni ená nɔmimaa akɛ, be eshɛ agbɛnɛ ni esa akɛ ‘ajaje Sanekpakpai lɛ yɛ je lɛŋ fɛɛ, bɔ ni afee ni akɛ gbɔmɛi atsɔɔmɔi ní anuuu shishi lɛ akɛlaka mɛi dɔŋŋ.’

Lefèvre bɔ mɔdɛŋ hu akɛ ebaakpa susumɔi gbohii ni mɛi ni sumɔɔɔ ni atsɔɔ Biblia lɛ shishi kɛyaa French mli lɛ hiɛ lɛ he mama. Ewie eshi amɛsatofeemɔ lɛ akɛ: “Te amɛbaafee tɛŋŋ amɛtsɔɔ [mɛi lɛ] koni amɛye nibii fɛɛ ni Yesu Kristo efã lɛ nɔ, kɛ́ amɛsumɔɔɔ ni mɛi foji lɛ naa Nyɔŋmɔ Sanekpakpa lɛ ní amɛkaneɔ hu yɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛwiemɔ mli lɛ?”​—Romabii 10:14.

Ebɛ naakpɛɛ akɛ, yɛ be fioo ko sɛɛ lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔjamɔ he nilelɔi ni yɔɔ University of Paris​—Sorbonne​—lɛ ka akɛ amɛbaagbe Lefèvre. Yɛ August 1523 lɛ, amɛwie amɛshi Bibliai ni atsɔɔ shishi lɛ kɛ Biblia he woji ni aŋmala lɛ, ejaakɛ amɛsusu akɛ “amɛyɛ oshara kɛhã Sɔlemɔ” lɛ. Eji jeee French Maŋtsɛ Francis I ni kɛ ehe wo sane lɛ mli kulɛ, abaagbe Lefèvre akɛ eji hemɔkɛyeli kwalɔ.

SHISHITSƆƆLƆ “NI FEE DIŊŊ” LƐ GBE ENITSUMƆ LƐ NAA

Lefèvre hãaa saji ni awieɔ yɛ enitsumɔi lɛ ahe lɛ agbala ejwɛŋmɔ kɛje Biblia lɛ shishi ni etsɔɔ lɛ nɔ. Yɛ afi 1524, be ni egbe Hela Ŋmalɛi (ni afɔɔ lɛ tsɛmɔ akɛ Kpaŋmɔ Hee) lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ naa lɛ, ejie Lalai Awolo lɛ kpo yɛ French mli bɔ ni afee ni héyelilɔi anyɛ amɛkɛ “henumɔi ni mli wa” asɔle.

Nyɔŋmɔjamɔ he nilelɔi ni yɔɔ Sorbonne lɛ bɔi Lefèvre shishitsɔɔmɔ lɛ mlipɛimɔ jogbaŋŋ oya nɔŋŋ. Etsɛɛɛ kɛkɛ ni amɛfã ni ashã Hela Ŋmalɛi lɛ ni etsɔɔ shishi lɛ yɛ maŋ fɛɛ hiɛ, ni amɛwie amɛshi woji krokomɛi ni eŋmala lɛ akɛ “eefĩ Luther hemɔkɛyeli kwamɔ lɛ sɛɛ.” Be ni Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ he nilelɔi bi Lefèvre ni efã susumɔi ni ehiɛ lɛ he lɛ, ekpɛ mli akɛ ebaafee “diŋŋ,” ni ejo foi kɛtee Strasbourg. Be ni eyɔɔ jɛmɛ lɛ, etee nɔ etsɔɔ Biblia lɛ shishi yɛ teemɔ mli. Eyɛ mli akɛ mɛi komɛi susu akɛ ebɛ ekãa moŋ, shi ele akɛ nɔ ni efee lɛ ji gbɛ ni hi fe fɛɛ ni ebaanyɛ etsɔ nɔ ehã mɛi ni hiɛ esɔɔɔ Biblia mli anɔkwale, ni tamɔ “adiagbai” lɛ hetoo.​—Mateo 7:6.

Be ni Lefèvre jo foi lɛ sɛɛ aaafee afi lɛ, Maŋtsɛ Francis I hala lɛ koni etsɔɔ ebi ni eye afii ejwɛ, ni atsɛɔ lɛ Charles lɛ nii. Nitsumɔ nɛɛ hã Lefèvre ná be babaoo bɔ ni afee ni enyɛ egbe Biblia lɛ ni etsɔɔ shishi lɛ naa. Yɛ afi 1530 lɛ, Nɔyelɔ Charles V kpɛlɛ ni akala Biblia muu lɛ fɛɛ ni Lefèvre tsɔɔ shishi lɛ yɛ Antwerp, shi jeee France.b

ESHWE WAA NI SƆLEMƆ LƐ ATSAKE AMƐJWƐŊMƆ, SHI EBAAA LƐ NAKAI

Yɛ Lefèvre shihilɛ mli fɛɛ lɛ, eshwe akɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ baakwa adesai akusumii, ni amɛkɛ anɔkwa nilee ni yɔɔ Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli lɛ atsu nii. Nɔ ni esumɔɔ nɔŋŋ ji, ni Kristofonyo fɛɛ Kristofonyo afee “nɔ ni ja,” ni akɛ, eji Kristofoi fɛɛ agbɛnaa akɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛkane Biblia lɛ ni amɛkase hu. No hewɔ ni ebɔ mɔdɛŋ waa koni mɛi babaoo nine ashɛ Biblia lɛ nɔ lɛ. Eyɛ mli akɛ bɔ ni Lefèvre shwe ni sɔlemɔ lɛ atsake amɛjwɛŋmɔ lɛ baaa mli moŋ, shi mɔ ko nyɛŋ aje nɔ ni enyɛ etsu lɛ he ŋwane​—eye ebua mɛi foji lɛ koni amɛkase Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ.