Lukulupilo Lobe Mu Lusangukilo I Lukomo Muswelo’ka?
“Ami ndi lusangukilo ne būmi. Yewa ulombola lwitabijo mudi ami, nansha shi wafu, ukāya ku būmi.”—YOANO 11:25, NW.
LUKULUPILO lobe mu lusangukilo i lukomo muswelo’ka? Lelo lukupanga bukomo bwa kuleka kutyina lufu ne kukusenga kitatyi kifwa muntu osenswe? (Mateo 10:28; 1 Tesalonika 4:13) Le ukankamikwanga na lukulupilo lwa lusangukilo pamo bwa bengidi bavule ba Leza ba pa kala, bāuminine bikupilwa, kusepwa, kumweshibwa malwa, ne kukutwa mu bifungo?—Bahebelu 11:35-38.
2 Eyo, mutōtyi wabine wa Yehova kafwaninwepo nansha dimo kwalakana lusangukilo, kikulupiji kyandi kifwaninwe kwalamuna būmi bwandi. I kyakutendelwa, mwanda tuyukile amba mu kitatyi kitungwe na Leza, kalunga ka mema, lufu, ne Kalunganyembo bikalubula bafwe badi’mo, ne amba bano bakasangulwa bakapebwa kyepelo kya būmi bwanyeke mu paladisa pano pantanda.—Kusokwelwa 20:13; 21:4, 5.
Kwalakana Būmi bwa Kumeso
3 Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu bifundijanga tamba kala’mba kudi būmi kupwa kwa kufwa. Kishinte kyalupwilwe mu dipepala dimo (U.S. Catholic) kyanene’mba: “Tamba kala, bene Kidishitu baloñanga bukomo bwa kunekenya kutyumukwa mutyima ne masusu a mu būmi na kubambila meso sō ku būmi bukwabo, bwa ndoe ne tusepo, bwa maloa ne nsangaji.” Nansha namino, mu matanda muvudile Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu, mudi bantu bavule bapumpunya myanda ya Leza, bamo bapela’yo, ino bakwabo bakilanga’mba kudi kintu kansangwa kishalanga kyūmi shi muntu wafu. I bintu bivule byobakitatana.
4 Kishinte kimo kya mu dipepala Time kinena’mba: “Bantu bakikulupile mu [būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa]: kidi namino mwanda ñeni yabo ya kukimba kusokola mobwikadile ibatuna, ne kadi kebakivwanangapo bapashitele babo besambila’po bininge.” Mwanda waka bengidi ba bipwilo kebakisambilangapo divule pa būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa pamo na mobādi bebutembawila pa kala? Jeffrey Burton Russell, mufundi wa myanda ya Leza, unena’mba: “Monangila [bendeji] basakanga kwepuka uno mwanda, ke-pantu bakulupile’mba basa kwabuka lubumbu lwa kwalakana kwa bantu.”
5 Mu bipwilo bivule, būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa i kwenda mūlu nansha mu kalunganyembo ka mudilo. Byashilula bendeji ba bipwilo kwikaka kunena myanda ya kwenda mūlu, papo ya mu kalunganyembo ye pene. Kishinte kimo kya julunale kyanene’mba: “Mu ano mafuku ne bipwilo bine bikulupile amba kudi masusu anyeke mu kalunganyembo mutēma mudilo . . . kebishisanga ku uno mulangwe.” Byabine, bafundi ba teoloji bavule mu ano mafuku kebakikulupilepo kadi amba kalunganyembo i kifuko kampanda kya masusu, na mokyādi kifundijibwa mu Moyen Âge. Ino abasangela mufundijijo wa kalunganyembo udi’ko bu “wa kanye.” Bañeni bavule ba dyalelo banena’mba, babi badi mu kalunganyembo kebasusulwangapo masusu asusukanga bantu bonso’a, ino basusukanga mwanda wa kwabo “kukalañana kwa kumushipiditu kobakalañene na Leza.”
6 Kusābula lufundijo lwa kipwilo mwanda wa kutyina kusanshija bantu ba mu ano mafuku kukokeja shako kukoka bantu bamobamo, ino nako kushiyanga midiyo ya bantu ba mityima myoloke badi mu kipwilo beipangula, i kyepi kimo kifwaninwe kukulupila. O mwanda pobatanwanga na mfwani, po pamwekanga’mba bine lwitabijo lwabo keludipo na polwimanine. Mumweno wabo udi pamo bwa wa mwana-mukaji umo wafwidilwe bonso ba mu kisaka kyabo mu akishida ya kashā. Pobamwipangwile shi lwitabijo lwandi lwa bwine Leza lwamuletele busengi, walondolwele na malangalanga’mba, “Momwena i amo.” Nansha shi ekale walondolwele na kikulupiji amba lwitabijo lwandi lwa bwine Leza lwamukweshe, ino i kamweno’ka ka kitatyi kilampe kaadi wa kumwena’mo shi nkulupilo yandi keidipo na poimanine? Kino i kintu kilomba kulanguluka’po, mwanda bintu bivule bifundija bipwilo pa būmi bwa kumeso i bishile kulampe kwine na byobya bifundija Bible.
Mumwenine Bipwilo bya Ki-Kidishitu Būmi bwa pa Kupwa Kufwa
7 Nansha Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu byobidi bishileshile, inoko byonso i bitabije amba bantu badi na muya keufu, ushalanga mūmi pafwanga umbidi. Bavule bakulupile amba shi muntu wafu, muya wandi wendanga mūlu. Bakwabo nabo batyina’mba myuya yabo yakenda mu kalunganyembo ka mudilo nansha mu kikendelo kya myuya. Bine, mulangwe wa muya keufu kyo kitako kya mumweno wabo wa būmi bwa kumeso. Oscar Cullmann, mufundi wa teoloji, i mushintulule’kyo mu bilembwa byandi bya kufunda bulembi bilupwilwe mu dibuku Kubulwa Kufwa ne Lusangukilo, (Ang). Usonekele amba: “Shi twipangule mwine Kidishitu ye-yense dyalelo . . . i lufundijo’ka lwayukile pa Kipwanino Kipya lutala pa kyokya kifikilanga muntu pa kupwa kufwa, malondololo otukatambula, nansha shi eshile bityetye, i ano: ‘I kubulwa kufwa kwa muya.’ ” Cullmann ubweja’ko amba: “Uno mulangwe mwitabijibwe pi na pi i umo wa mu milangwe mikatakata ilombola kubulwa kwivwanija bwine Kidishitu.” Cullmann walombwele amba paanene kino dibajinji, walengeje bitulu. Ino aye wadi na bubinga.
8 Yehova Leza kāpangilepo bantu amba bende mūlu pa kupwa kwa kufwa. Mpango yandi imbajinji keyādipo ya amba bafwe. Ba Adama ne Eva bāpangilwe babwaninine, bāpebwa ne mukenga wa kuyuja ntanda na lutundu loloke. (Ngalwilo 1:28; Kupituluka 32:4) Bambutwile betu babajinji bālombwelwe amba bakafwa enka shi abapele kukōkela Leza. (Ngalwilo 2:17) Shi bādi amba bāshele nyeke bakōkele kudi Shabo wa mūlu, longa bāikele bōmi nyeke ne nyekeke pano pantanda.
9 Ino yō! kyabulanda, ba Adama ne Eva bākankalwa kukōkela Leza. (Ngalwilo 3:6, 7) Ivwana mulombwela mutumibwa Polo byamalwa bilupukile’ko: “Monka mwatwelele bubi panopantanda ku muntu umo, ne lufu nalo ponka pa bubi, mo monka mwasambakanine lufu ku bantu bonso, mwanda abo bonso bapīle mambo.” (Loma 5:12) Pa kyaba kya kwikala bōmi nyeke pano pantanda, ba Adama ne Eva bāfwile. Penepo byēbapityila namani? Lelo bādi na muya keufu wādi ukokejika penepa kwelwa mu kalungayembo ka mudilo mwanda wa bubi bwabo? Mhm, Bible unena’mba dibajinji, Adama wāpangilwe, “wāikala ke muya mūmi.” (Ngalwilo 2:7, NW) Muntu kāpelwepo muya; ino wāikele ke muya, muntu mūmi. (1 Kodinda 15:45) Kyabine, ke’nkapo Adama kete wādi “muya mūmi,” ino, mungya mulombwela ludimi lwa Kihebelu lwāsonekelwe’mo mukanda wa Ngalwilo, ne banyema bene i “myuya myūmi”! (Ngalwilo 1:24, NW) Nanshi pāfwile ba Adama ne Eva, bāikele ke myuya mifwe. Ko kunena’mba, kyēbafikile monka mwēkinenene Yehova kudi Adama amba: “Ukamwena bidibwa byobe ku byanga bya ku mpala yobe, poso’nka ne byojoka ku biloba; mwanda e mo walupwilwe, ke-wi-muntu wi biloba, kabidi i kubiloba konka kokajokela.”—Ngalwilo 3:19.
10 Dibuku dimo (New Catholic Encyclopedia) i ditabije kino mu nshintulwilo yadyo. Mu kishinte kyadyo “Muya (mu Bible),” dinena’mba: “Mu KK [“Kipwanino Kikulu,” kitwa ne bu Bisonekwa bya Kihebelu] kemudipo mulangwe wa kwilalulula pabidi [kwiabanya mu bipindi bibidi] kwa umbidi pao, muya nao pao.” Dibweja’ko amba mu Bible, kishima “muya” “kekishintululapo nansha dimo amba muya i kintu kishile na umbidi nansha na muntu mutuntulu.” I amo, pavule pene, muya “ushintululanga muntu yense mutuntulu nansha nyema yense mutuntulu.” Bubine bupēla namino bo butalaja ne mutyima, ino muntu ukokeja kwiipangula mwanda waka ba mu bipwilo bavule kebayukilepo bino bintu.
11 Bine, kusela mityima kūlu ne moyo udi na ba mu bipwilo wadi wa kupwa shi badi amba bayukile buno bubinebine bwa Bible: “Mūya uloñanga bubi, kufwa ukafwanga,” keukasusukapo mu kalunganyembo ka mudilo! (Ezekyele 18:4) Kino nansha byokishidile kulampe na bifundija Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu, ino akyo kyo kikwatañene na byānene Solomone, muntu wa tunangu, ku bukomo bwa mushipiditu, amba: “Bōmi bayukile’mba bakafwa; nanshi bafwe kebayukilepo nansha kimo kine, nansha abo kukamona mpalo mpikila [mu buno būmi]; mwanda kivulukilo kyabo i kivulaminibwe. Byonsololo bitana dikasa dyobe kulongalonga’byo ne bukomokomo bobe, shi bika, shi bika; ino kekudipo mingilo nansha kusambakanya bintu pamo miswelo ne miswelo, nansha kuyukidija, nansha ñeni mu kibundu [kya bantu bonso] koenda’kwa.”—Musapudi 9:5, 10.
12 Mwanda waka Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu bifundijanga bintu bishile na binena Bible? Dibuku dimo (New Catholic Encyclopedia) mu kishinte kyadyo “Muya, Muntu, Kubulwa Kufwa Kwa,” dinena’mba, Bashandya Bipwilo babajinji bāsokwele pabo pa kubingijija lukulupilo lwa muya keufu, ke pa Biblepo, i pa “basāsudi ne bafilozofe ne pa bisela bivulevule bya milangilo ya Bangidiki . . . Kupwa, bafundi bāsangela kulonda misoñanya ya Platon nansha ya Aristote.” Kadi dinena’mba “Milangilo ya bwine Platon ne ya bwine Platon Buneñenye”—ya kukulupila mu muya keufu—mwenda mafuku yātwejibwe mu “kitako kinekine kya teoloji ya bwine Kidishitu.”
13 Lelo bantu bādi betela bu bene Kidishitu bādi bafwaninwe kwalamukila ku bafilozofe Bangidiki bajentaila mwanda wa kufunda kintu kimanine’po lukulupilo lwa būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa? Ke amopo. Mwanda Polo paātumine mukanda kudi bene Kidishitu bādi mu Kodinda, mu Ngidiki, wānene amba: “Ñeni ya [ino ntanda] i bulembakane kwa Leza, ke-kintu kisonekelwe’mba: Aye upījanga bañeni monka mu budyumuku bwabo [abo] bene. Kadi ne pakwabo’mba: Yehova uyūkile bifwatakanya bañeni’mba, i bya bitupu bitupu.” (1 Kodinda 3:19, 20) Bangidiki ba kala bādi batōtyi ba bakishi. Le penepo bādi bakokeja namani kwikala nsulo ya bubinebine? Polo wāipangwile bene Kodinda amba: “Njibo īkola ya Leza ne bakishi po bapwanine i paka le? ke-twi-bantu twi njibo īkola ya Leza wa būmi, monka mwānenene Leza’mba: Nkēkalanga monka mudi abo, ne kunanga monka mudi abo; kadi nkēkala Leza wabo nabo bakēkala bantu bami.”—2 Kodinda 6:16.
14 Kusokwelwa kwa bubinebine bukola kwāpenwe bidi dibajinji kupityila ku muzo wa Isalela. (Loma 3:1, 2) Kupwa 33 K.K., bwāpānwa kupityila ku kipwilo kya bene Kidishitu bashingwe-māni ba mu myaka katwa imbajinji. Polo, pa kwisambila pa bene Kidishitu ba mu myaka katwa imbajinji, wānene amba: “Ino Leza wetusokwela’byo bātwe [bintu byaālongolwedile kala boba bamuswele] konka kudi [m]ushipiditu.” (1 Kodinda 2:10; tala ne Kusokwelwa 1:1, 2.) Lufundijo lwa Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu lwa kubulwa kufwa kwa muya i lutambe ku filozofi ya Bangidiki. Kelwāsokwedilwepo mu kusokwelwa kwāpēlwe Isalela na Leza nansha ku kipwilo kya bene Kidishitu bashingwe-māni ba mu myaka katwa imbajinji.
Lukulupilo Lwabine ku Boba Bafwile
15 Shi i kutupu muya keufu, le i lukulupilo’ka lwabine ku boba bafwile? Na bubine i lusangukilo, kyo kitako kya bufundiji bwa Bible, kadi o mulao wabine, wakutendelwa, ulaile Leza. Yesu wālombwele patōka lukulupilo lwa lusangukilo paāsapwidile mulunda nandi Mata amba: “Ami ndi lusangukilo ne būmi. Yewa ulombola lwitabijo mudi ami, nansha shi wafu, ukāya ku būmi.” (Yoano 11:25, NW) Kwitabija mudi Yesu kishintulula kwitabija mu lusangukilo, ke mu muyapo keufu, mhm.
16 Yesu wēsambile kala pa lusangukilo paānene Bayuda bamobamo amba: “Kemukatulumukai kine kino’ki, ke-dintu dyuba dikāya’ko’dya bonso badi mu bibundu bivulukwa bakevwananga diwi dyandi ne kukatamba’mo.” (Yoano 5:28, 29, NW) Kyanena Yesu pano i kintu kishile kulampe kwine na kifwatakanibwa bu muya keufu ushalanga mūmi pa kufwa kwa umbidi, kyendanga tululū ne mūlu. Pano wisambilanga pa ‘kutamba’mo’ kukāya kumeso kukatamba bantu ke balāle mu bibundu myaka tutwa na tutwa, tununu ne tununu. I myuya mifwe ikajokela ku būmi. Lelo kekibwanikapo? Kibwanika kudi Leza “wakusangula bafu ke bōmi, utela bintu bidi patupu na bidi ponka.” (Loma 4:17) Bantu balakana bakokeja kusepa mulangwe wa kusanguka kwa bantu mu bafwe, ino ao o ukwatañene senene na bubine bunena’mba “Leza i buswe” ne amba “upala mpalo boba bamukimba ne mikeketo.”—1 Yoano 4:16, BB; Bahebelu 11:6.
17 Shi ke pano, i muswelo’ka ukokeja Leza kupala mpalo yewa wilombola bu “wabinebine byonka ne ku lufu kwine” shi kekelepo kumwaluja ku būmi? (Kusokwelwa 2:10) I pa lusangukilo, po pakafikidija Leza kyokya kyāsonekele mutumibwa Yoano amba: “Po pa mwanda pāsokwedilwe Mwana Leza’mba, ōne mīngilo ya dyabola.” (1 Yoano 3:8) Myaka kunyuma, mu budimi bwa Edena, Satana wāikele ke ntapañani wa muzo onso wa muntu paātwele bambutwile betu babajinji ku kulonga bubi ne ku lufu. (Ngalwilo 3:1-6; Yoano 8:44) Yesu wāshilwile kōna mingilo ya Satana paāpēne būmi bwandi bubwaninine bu kinkūlwa kyenzankene, kyāshitwidile bantu dishinda dya kunyongololwa mu bupika bwa kupyana bubi bwālupukile ku kubulwa kikōkeji kwa Adama kwa ku kusaka. (Loma 5:18) Lusangukilo lwa bonso bafwile pangala pa bubi bwa Adama i muswelo mukwabo ukōnwa mingilo ya Dyabola.
Umbidi ne Muya
18 Mutumibwa Polo paādi mu Atene, wāsapwile myanda miyampe ku kibumbo, ne bafilozofe Bangidiki nabo ponka. Bāivwene mīsambo yandi itala padi Leza umo kete wabine ne pa lwito lwandi lwa kwalamuka pa mutyima. Ino kwālupukile bika bikwabo? Polo wāfudije mwisambo wandi amba: “[Leza] utungile ne mu difuku dyākatyibilamo mambo a bapanopantanda umboloke monka mudi yewa muntu wātongele. Namo kadi i mu kiyūkeno kya bantu bonso pa kumusangula mu lufu.” Bino binenwa byātenkenye bantu. “Byo baivwene owa mwanda wa kusanguka mu lufu bamo bamo ke basepa kibengo.” (Bilongwa 17:22-32) Oscar Cullmann, mufundi wa teoloji unena’mba: “Ku Bangidiki bādi bakulupile mu kubulwa kufwa kwa muya, kyādi kikomo kobadi kwitabija busapudi bwa bwine Kidishitu bwa lusangukilo kutabuka bantu bakwabo. . . . Lufundijo lwa bafilozofe bakatampe, ba Socrate ne Platon, kelukokejapo nansha dimo kukwatañana [kwitēleka] na lwa Kipwanino Kipya.”
19 Batumibwa pa kufwa, bupondo bukatampe bwātwelele, bafundi ba teoloji pa kwibulonda, bāfula ku kutokenya lufundijo lwa bwine Kidishitu lwa lusangukilo mu lukulupilo lwa Platon lwa muya keufu. Mwenda mafuku, bamobamo bāitabija mulangwe mupya, wa amba: Ku lufu, muya usonsolokanga (na munenena bakwabo amba “wivūlanga”) umbidi. Ebiya, mungya kunena kwa dibuku dimo (Outlines of the Doctrine of the Resurrection) dya R. J. Cooke, mu Difuku dya Butyibi “umbidi ne umbidi ukelunga monka ku muya wao, muya ne muya nao ku umbidi wao.” Kwilunga kukelunga umbidi na muya wao keufu lo lutelwa bu lusangukilo.
20 Uno mulangwe ukidi mwitabijibwe ne pano bu lufundijo lwimanine’po bipwilo. Nansha byoumweka bu mwendele’mo ku bafundi ba teoloji, ino ba mu bipwilo bavule kebeuyukilepo. Abo betabije’tu amba pobakafwa bakenda mūlu. O mwanda mulembi John Garvey wanene mu nimelo ya julunale (Commonweal) yalupwilwe mu mafuku 5 Kweji 5, 1995, amba: “Lukulupilo lwa bene Kidishitu bavule [pa mwanda utala būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa] i lwiifwane mpata na bwine Platon Buneñenye, ino kelwiifwenepo na kintu nansha kimo kya mu bwine Kidishitu bwabine, kadi keludipo na kitako mu Bible.” Kyabine, bendeji ba Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu pa kushinta Bible na Platon, i babule lukulupilo lwa lusangukilo lwa mu Bible mu luombe lwabo.
21 Ku mutamba mukwabo, Batumoni ba Yehova i bapele filozofi ya bujentaila, balamete ku bufundiji bwa Bible bwa lusangukilo. I bayuke amba buno bo bufundiji būbaka, butondwa muntu ne bumusenga. Mu bishinte bilonda’ko, tukamona bufundiji budi mu Bible bwa lusangukilo mobwikadile bwendele’mo ne mobwimanine pa myanda miluji, ku boba badi na kikulupiji kya kukekala pano pantanda ne ku boba batengele lusangukilo lwa kukekala na būmi momwa mūlu. Tubakulombe witeakanye kumeso kwa kubandaula bino bishinte na kutanga na katentekeji shapita wa 15 mu mukanda umbajinji kudi bene Kodinda.
[Bipangujo]
1, 2. Mwanda waka mutōtyi wa Yehova usakilwa kwikala na kikulupiji mu lukulupilo lwa lusangukilo?
3, 4. I lukulupilo’ka lukidi na bavule pa mwanda utala būmi bwa pa kupwa kufwa?
5. I muswelo’ka umwene bantu bavule dyalelo lufundijo lwa kalunganyembo ka mudilo?
6. Bamobamo bayukanga namani amba lwitabijo lwabo ludi kinsanka pobatanwanga na kizumba?
7. (a) I lukulupilo’ka ludi mu bipwilo bivule? (b) Mufundi umo wa teoloji wāshintulwile namani lufundijo lwa kubulwa kufwa kwa muya?
8. Yehova wātūdile lukulupilo’ka ku meso a ba mwana-mulume ne mwana-mukaji babajinji?
9. (a) Le bubinebine butala pa muya wa muntu i bubinebine’ka? (b) I kika kifikilanga muya poufwanga?
10, 11. Dibuku dimo (New Catholic Encyclopedia) ditabije kika pa bufundiji bwa Bible butala pa muya, ne kino i kikwatañane muswelo’ka na kyokya kinena Bible?
12. Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu byālupwile kwepi lufundijo lwa muya keufu?
13, 14. I kika kinenenwa’mba kukimba kitōkeji ku bafilozofe Bangidiki bajentaila i kubulwa ñeni?
15. Mungya kunena kwa Yesu, i lukulupilo’ka lwabine ku boba bafwile?
16. Mwanda waka i kyendele’mo kukulupila mu lusangukilo?
17. I kika kikafikidija Leza kupityila ku lusangukilo?
18. Bafilozofe Bangidiki bamobamo bālongele kika pānene Polo amba Yesu i musangulwe, ne mwanda waka bālongele nabya?
19. Bafundi ba teoloji ba mu Bipwilo bya Ki-kidishitu bātompele namani kukwatañanya lusangukilo na lufundijo lwa muya keufu?
20, 21. I bāni bafundijanga kitatyi kyonso bubinebine pa myanda itala lusangukilo, ne bamwenanga’mo muswelo’ka?
[Kifwatulo pa paje 18]
Bambutwile babajinji pobālubile, bājimije lukulupilo lwa kwikala na būmi bwanyeke pano pantanda
Lelo Ukivulukile’byo?
◻ Mwanda waka tufwaninwe kutamija kikulupiji kishimatyije mu lusangukilo?
◻ I kyepelo’ka kyātūdile Yehova ku meso a ba Adama ne Eva?
◻ Mwanda waka kukimba bubinebine mu filozofi ya Bangidiki kekudipo na kiluji?
◻ I kika kinenenwa’mba lusangukilo lo lukulupilo lwendele’mo?