Tatekulu Lefèvre d’Étaples — Okwa li a hala aantu yowala ya tseye Ombiimbeli

OSHA li ongula yOsoondaha lwopetameko lyomumvo 1520. Aakalimo yomokandoolopa okashona kedhina Meaux, ke li popepi noshilandopangelo Paris shaFulaanisa, oya li ya kumwa kwaashoka yu uvu mongeleka. Oyu uvu Evaangeli lyaMateus, Markus, Lukas nolyaJohannes taga leshwa mOshifulaanisa, elaka ndyoka ya yama, ihe hamOshilatina ngaashi shito.

Omambo ngoka oga tolokwa kutatekulu Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples ngoka lwanima a nyolele kuume ke gumwe a ti: “Ito shi itaale nando kutya Kalunga omunahole ota kwathele [aantu] yowala momahala gamwe yu uve ko Oohapu dhe.”

Pethimbo ndyono, aasita yOngeleka yaKatoolika nosho wo aalongwantu yOmbiimbeli moParis oya kala taya kondjitha, opo Ombiimbeli kaayi tolokwe momalaka ogendji. Mbela oshike shi inyengitha Lefèvre a toloke Ombiimbeli mOshifulaanisa? Okwe shi ende ngiini, opo a kwathele aantu yowala yu uve ko Ombiimbeli?

TA KONGO EITYO LYOMONDJILA LYOMANYOLO

Manga Lefèvre inaa toloka Ombiimbeli, okwa li a tokola toko a galulile mo eityo lyopetameko li na ko nasha niilonga yuufilosofi (omukalo moka aantu haya dhiladhila kombinga yuuyuni, eshito nosho wo aantu) noyuuteolohi (ekonakono lyomaitaalo gomalongelokalunga). Okwa li a ndhindhilike kutya omanyolo gopethimbo lyonale olundji oga kala nokuvundakanithwa, omolwomatoloko nomapuko ngoka ga ningwa muule womathelemimvo. Sho ta ningi omapekapeko geityo lyomondjila lyOmanyolo gopethimbo lyonale, okwa tameke okukonakona nuukeka Ombiimbeli yOngeleka yaKatoolika yedhina Vulgate, yi li melaka lyOshilatina. Ombiimbeli ndjoka oyo ya li hayi longithwa unene.

Okukonakona kwe Omanyolo a mana mo okwe mu kwathele a ye pehulithodhiladhilo kutya “okukonakona oshili yopakalunga . . . ohaku etele omuntu enyanyu.” Onkee ano, Lefèvre okwe etha po okukonakona kombinga yuufilosofi nokwa tokola a gandje eitulomo kokutoloka Ombiimbeli.

Momumvo 1509, tatekulu Lefèvre okwa nyanyangidha omambo gOmapisalomi gatano ga yoolokathana ge li mOshilatina,a mwa kwatelwa omapukululo ge ngoka a ninga mOmbiimbeli yo-Vulgate. Okwa kambadhala okutoloka oovelise dhOmbiimbeli “momukalo moka aantu haya popi nomupu okuuviwa ko,” ihe ina ninga ngaashi aailongi yuuteolohi yopethimbo lye. Omukalo moka a fatulula Omanyolo ogwa li gwa nwetha mo noonkondo aakonakoni yalwe yOmbiimbeli naayelithi yomaitaalo. Tala oshimpungu “Nkene Martin Luther a li a nwethwa mo kutatekulu Lefèvre.”

Nonando tatekulu Lefèvre okwa li Omukatoolika, okwa li a tompwa kutya eitaalo lyongeleka otali vulu owala okuyelithwa nawa, ngele aantu oya longwa Omanyolo mondjila. Mbela aantu oya li taya ka vula okumona mo ngiini uuwanawa mOmanyolo, ngele omanyolo omayapuki oga li unene mOshilatina?

A HALA AANTU YA TSEYE OMBIIMBELI

Tatekulu Lefèvre okwa li e hole Oohapu dhaKalunga noonkondo, naashoka oshe mu inyengitha a tokole oku dhi andjaganeka kaantu oyendji lela. Opo a adhe elalakano ndyoka, muJuni 1523 okwa nyanyangidha Uumbiimbeli uyali wu na Omavaangeli ga tolokwa mOshifulaanisa. Uumbiimbeli mboka owa li hawu kotha etata lyoshimaliwa shOmbiimbeli ndjoka yi ihwapo. Shoka oshe shi ningitha oshipu kaantu mboka ye na okamaliwa okashona ye wu imonene.

Aantu oyendji oya li ye wu nyanyukilwa noye endelele oku wi imonena. Oya li ya halelela okulesha oohapu dhaJesus melaka ndyoka ya yama kutya nduno aalumentu nenge aakiintu. Onkee ano, ookopi 1 200 ndhoka dha li dha pilintwa tango, odha pupo owala konima yoomwedhi oonshona.

OKWA POPILE OMBIIMBELI NUUPENDA

Mefalomo lyOmavaangeli, tatekulu Lefèvre okwa yelitha kutya okwe ga toloka mOshifulaanisa, opo “aantu yowala” mongeleka “ya vule okuuva ko oshili yevaangeli ngaashi mboka ye yi na mOshilatina.” Omolwashike a li a halelela okukwathela aantu yowala yi ilonge shoka Ombiimbeli tayi ti?

Okwa li e shi nawa nkene omalongo gopantu nosho wo uufilosofi ya li ya nwetha mo nayi Ongeleka yaKatoolika. (Markus 7:7; Aakolossa 2:8) Okwa li wo a tompwa kutya ethimbo olya li lya thikana Evaangeli “li uvithilwe uuyuni awuhe, opo aantu kaaya pukithwe we komalongo gopantu.”

Tatekulu Lefèvre okwa li wo a kambadhala okuyaneka pomutenya omapopyo gaamboka ya li ompinge netoloko lyOmbiimbeli mOshifulaanisa. Aantu mboka okwe ya shadha, omolwuufudhime wawo a ti: “Otaya vulu ngiini okulonga aantu ya vulike kwaashihe shoka Jesus Kristus a popya, ngele inaya hala aantu yowala ya mone noya leshe Evaangeli lyaKalunga melaka lyawo?” —  Aaroma 10:14.

Itashi kumitha sho aailongi yuuteolohi yokOuniveesiti yaParis hayi ithanwa Sorbonne, ya kambadhala nziya ya ye moshipala okutoloka kwaLefèvre. MuAuguste mo 1523, kaya li ya hala Ombiimbeli yi tolokwe momalaka goshivalelwamo noyi fatululwe. Oya li ye wete tashi ka “nwetha mo nayi iilyo yOngeleka.” Ando omukwaniilwa gwotango gwaFulaanisa, Francis, ka li a ya mo olunyala, ando Lefèvre okwa pangulwa e li omushunimonima.

OMUTOLOKI A MANA IILONGA YE MEIMWENENENO

Tatekulu Lefèvre ka li e etha shoka aantu ya popi kombinga yiilonga ye, shi mu ethithe po okutoloka Ombiimbeli. Sho a mana okutoloka Omanyolo gOshigreka (hagi ithanwa Etestamendi Epe) momumvo 1524, okwa nyanyangidha embo lyOmapisalomi melaka lyOshifulaanisa, opo ooitaali ya vule okugalikana “ye na etilokalunga notashi zi komutima.”

Aailongi yuuteolohi koSorbonne oya li ya simonona nziya shoka Lefèvre a toloka. Konima oya gandja elombwelo, opo etoloko lye lyOmanyolo gOshigreka li fikwe po montaneho noya shadha iinyolomwa ye yimwe kutya “otayi ambidhidha elongo lyaLuther.” Sho Aailongi yuuteolohi yi ithana Lefèvre e ye i ipopile, okwa tokola okukala a mwena nokwa fadhuka po e ta yi koshilando Strasbourg. Okwa tsikile okutoloka Ombiimbeli meholamo, sho e li hoka. Nonando aantu yamwe oya li ye wete a fa kee na uulaadhi, okwa li i itaala kutya ogwo omukalo dhingi gwokuyamukula mboka inaaya lenga “iimona” yondilo yOmbiimbeli. —  Mateus 7:6.

Konima yomumvo gumwe lwaampono sho Lefèvre a yi ontuku, omukwaniilwa Francis I okwe mu hogolola a ninge omulongi gwokamwanamati komimvo ne, kedhina Charles. Oshinakugwanithwa shika osha pe Lefèvre ethimbo lya gwana, a mane okutoloka Ombiimbeli. Momumvo 1530, Ombiimbeli ndjoka oya li ya pilintwa moshilando Antwerp, moBelgium. Omupangeli Charles V oye a pitike shi ningwe.b

HAASHIHE SHOKA A LI A TEGAMENA, SHA GWANITHWA

Momukokomoko gwonkalamwenyo ye, tatekulu Lefèvre okwa li e na etegameno kutya aakwatelikomeho yongeleka otaye ke etha po omithigululwakalo dhopantu, e taya longo aantu oshili yu uka ndjoka yi li mOmanyolo. Okwa li i itaala lela kutya “Omukriste kehe oku na uuthemba nenge oshinakugwanithwa shokulesha Ombiimbeli noku yi ilonga.” Ndyoka olyo lya li etompelo lye lyokulonga nuudhiginini, opo aantu ayehe ya kale ye na Ombiimbeli. Nonando aakwatelikomeho yongeleka inaya lundulula ngaashi a li a hala ya ninge, shoka Lefèvre a ningi, oshindhindhilikwedhi. Okwa kwathele aantu yowala ya tseye Ombiimbeli.