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Edhina lyaKalunga mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka
Aalongwantu yOmbiimbeli oye shi zimina kutya edhina lyaKalunga otali holoka konyala iikando 7 000 mOmanyolo gOshihebeli. Edhina ndyoka olya nyolwa nuugwedhwa une wOshihebeli hawu ithanwa o-Tetragrammaton (יהוה). Ihe opu na aantu oyendji mboka taya ti kutya edhina lyaKalunga kalya li mo mOmanyolo gopetameko gopaKriste gOshigreka. Onkee ano, aatoloki oyendji yOmbiimbeli kunena inaya longitha edhina Jehova momambo ngoka hagi ithanwa aniwa Etestamendi Epe. Aatoloki oyendji oya longitha edhinasimaneko “Omuwa,” pehala lyedhina lyaKalunga lyolyene, nokuli naasho taya toloka Omanyolo gOshihebeli moka mu na uugwedhwa une wo-Tetragrammaton.
Aatoloki yOmbiimbeli yo-New World Translation hasho ya ninga. Oya longitha edhina Jehova lwiikando 237 mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka. Aatoloki mboka oya li ya tala kiinima iyali ya simana, opo ya thike pehulithodhiladhilo li li mondjila: (1) Omanyolo ogendji gOshigreka ngoka tu na kunena hago gopetameko. Omatoloko gOombiimbeli ogendji ngoka aantu ye na kunena, oga li ga tolokwa omimvo 200 konima sho omanyolo gopetameko gOshigreka ga adhika ga nyolwa nale. (2) Pethimbo ndyoka omatoloko ogendji oga adhika ga pingena po nale o-Tetragrammaton noshitya shOshigreka Kyrios, shoka tashi ti “Omuwa,” nenge aatoloki yago ya tapa momanyolo ngoka ga adhika ga lundululwa nale.
Aatoloki yo-New World Translation oye shi mona kutya o-Tetragrammaton nenge tu tye edhina Jehova omo lya li lela mOmanyolo gOshigreka gopetameko. Oya thiki pehulithodhiladhilo ndyoka omolwomatompelo taga landula:
Omanyolo gOshihebeli ngoka ga li haga longithwa pethimbo lyaJesus nolyaayapostoli ye oge na o-Tetragrammaton pomahala ogendji. Okuza nalenale, aantu owala aashona ya kala haya pataneke oshinima shoka. Ihe uushili moshinima shoka owa ka yela mo nawa, konima sho ondhinga yOmanyolo gOshihebeli ndjoka ya nyolwa omimvo 2000 nasha lwaampono dha ka pita ya li yi itsuwa popepi naQumran, ehala li li muPalestina.
Pethimbo lyaJesus nolyaayapostoli ye o-Tetragrammaton, nenge edhina Jehova omo lya li momatoloko gOshigreka ngoka ga tolokwa okuza mOmanyolo gOshihebeli. Omimvo omathele dha ka pita, aalongwantu oya li taya dhiladhila kutya o-Tetragrammaton kaya li mo metoloko lyo-Septuagint yOshigreka, ndjoka ya tolokwa okuza mOmanyolo gOshihebeli. Opo ihe mo 1950 lwaampono opwa li pwi itsuwa omafo ga kulupa go-Septuagint yOshigreka ngoka ga li ga nyolwa pethimbo sho Jesus a li kombanda yevi, e tagu ulukilwa aalongwantu mboka. Momafo moka omwa li edhina lyaKalunga, lya nyolwa moondanda dhOshihebeli. Pethimbo lyaJesus, mOmanyolo gOshigreka omwa li mu na edhina lyaKalunga. Ihe omimvo 400 nasha lwaampono konima yeso lyaJesus, edhina lyaKalunga olya adhika lya kuthwa mo nale momambo ogendji go-Septuagint yOshigreka. Omambo ngoka ongaashi o-Codex Vaticanus no-Codex Sinaiticus, okuza ngaa muGenesis sigo omuMaleaki (moka lya li nale). Onkee ano, itashi kumitha sho edhina lyaKalunga itaali adhika mo momanyolo gOshigreka ngoka ga pungulwa pethimbo ndyoka. Omanyolo ngoka ohagi ithanwa aniwa Etastamendi Epe, nenge oshitopolwa shOmbiimbeli shOmanyolo gOshigreka.
Jesus okwa popi shu ukilila a ti: “Ongame onde ya medhina lyaTate.” Okwe shi tsu wo omuthindo a ti kutya iilonga mbika tandi longo otandi yi ningi “medhina lyaTate”
Omanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka otaga popi kutya Jesus okwa li a longitha edhina lyaKalunga olundji noku li tseyithile yalwe. (Johannes 17:6, 11, 12, 26) Jesus okwa popi shu ukilila a ti: “Ongame onde ya medhina lyaTate.” Okwe shi tsu wo omuthindo a ti kutya iilonga mbika tandi longo otandi yi longo “medhina lyaTate.” — Johannes 5:43; 10:25.
Osha puka lela sho edhina lyaKalunga lya kuthwa mo ombadhilila mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka, molwaashoka nago oga fa owala Omanyolo gOshihebeli omayapuki ngoka ga nyolwa kaantu mboka ya wilikwa kuKalunga. Omulongwa Jakob okwa li a lombwele aakuluntugongalo muJerusalem omimvo 2000 nasha lwaampono dha ka pita a ti: “Simon okwa hokolola, Kalunga nkene a ningi, sho a tameke okulikolela edhina lye oshigwana omaapagani.” (Iilonga 15:14, OB-1954) Oohapu ndhoka dhaJakob otadhi ulike kutya aantu oya li ye shi edhina lyaKalunga, noya li haye li longitha omimvo 2000 nasha dha ka pita.
Efupipiko lyedhina lyaKalunga otali adhika wo mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka. Oshitya “Halleluya” osha longithwa mEhololo 19:1, 3, 4, 6, OB-1954 okuulika kedhina lyaKalunga. Oshitya shoka osha za kuutumbulilo wOshihebeli mboka tawu ti “Tangeni Jah.” “Jah” efupipiko lyedhina Jehova. Omadhina ogendji ngoka taga adhika mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka oga za kedhina lyaKalunga. Omambo gamwe gomauyelele otaga yelitha kutya edhina Jesus otali ti: “Jehova Omuhupithi.”
Omambo ngoka ga nyolwa kAajuda yonale otagu ulike kutya Aakriste Aajuda oya li haya longitha edhina lyaKalunga miinyolwa yawo. Momumvo 300 E.N. nasha lwaampono, oompango ndhoka aantu ya li haya lombwelathana owala pakana odha li dha nyolwa membo limwe. Embo ndyoka olya popi kombinga yiinyolwa yopaKriste mbyoka ya li ya fikwa po mEsabati lya ti: “Aantu inaya hupitha momulilo omambo gAaevangeliste nomambo gaaminim [mboka tashi vulika ya li Aakriste Aajuda]. Ihe oya li ya pitike go gene ga fikilwe mpoka ye ga adha nosho wo edhina lyaKalunga ndyoka li li mo.” Membo ndyoka omwa nyolwa wo oohapu ndhoka dha popiwa kuRabbi Yosé Omugalilea, ngoka a li ko omimvo 1 900 nasha lwaampono dha ka pita. Embo olya ti kutya omasiku galwe moshiwike, “Aantu oya li haya tete mo omafo ngoka ge li mo ga nyolwa edhina lyaKalunga [molwaashoka oye wete taga popi kombinga yomanyolo gopaKriste]. Oya li ya holeke po omafo, naangoka ga hupu po oye ga fike po.”
Aalongwantu yOmbiimbeli yamwe oya zimina kutya opu na uushili tawu vulu okukolekwa kutya edhina lyaKalunga omo lya li mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka ngoka ga tothwa okuza mOmanyolo gOshihebeli. Embwiitya lyedhina Anchor Bible olya popi mokapalanyolo “o-Tetragrammaton mEtestamendi Epe,” lya ti: “Sho Etestamendi Epe lya nyolwa oshikando shotango, opu na uuyelele mboka tawu ulike kutya o-Tetragrammaton, sha hala kutya, edhina lyaKalunga, Yahweh, omo lya li miitopolwa yimwe nenge ayihe yEtestamendi Epe mbyoka ya tothwa mEtestamendi Ekulu.” Omulongwantu gwedhina George Howard okwa ti: “Oshi li pandunge okwiitaala kutya aanyoli yEtestamendi Epe, sho ya li taya totha mOmanyolo, oya li ya pungula o-Tetragram momanyolo giinima yopaMbiimbeli. O-Tetragram oya li natango ya nyolwa mOmbiimbeli yOshigreka [o-Septuagint] ndjoka ya thikama po mOmanyolo gongeleka yonale.”
Aatoloki yOmbiimbeli mboka ya tseyika nawa oya longitha edhina lyaKalunga mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka. Yamwe yomuyo oye shi ningi nokuli manga o-New World Translation inayi tolokwa. Omadhina gaatoloki mboka nOombiimbeli dhawo ongaashi: Herman Heinfetter (1863) a toloka Etastamendi Epe oshitya noshitya . . . ta kutha mo-Vatican Manuscript; Benjamin Wilson (1864) a toloka o-The Emphatic Diaglott; George Barker Stevens (1898) a toloka o-The Epistles of Paul in Modern English; W. G. Rutherford (1900) a toloka St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans nomubisofi gomoLondon gwedhina J.W.C. Wand (1946) a toloka o-The New Testament Letters. Omulumentu gwedhina Pablo Besson okwa toloka Ombiimbeli mOshispania lwomomumvo 1900 nasha. Okwa li a longitha edhina “Jehová” muLukas 2:15 nomuJudas 14, nokwa li a longitha konyala omanyolo gopevi iikando 100 kutya edhina lyaKalunga otali vulu okutolokwa. Sho omatoloko ngoka kaaga li po, etoloko lyOshihebeli lyOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka lya tolokwa lwomomumvo 1500 nasha lwaampono olya longitha o-Tetragrammaton pomahala ogendji. Omatoloko 11 lwaampono melaka owala lyOshindowishi oga longitha mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka, “Jehova” (nenge “Yahweh” ngaashi hali nyolwa mOshihebeli). Omatoloko galwe gane oga gwedha ko “Omuwa” e li miikondekitho. Omatoloko ge vulithe lwopo 70 muNdowishi oga longitha edhina lyaKalunga momanyolo gopevi nenge ge li popya niitya ya gwedhwa po.
Omatoloko gOmbiimbeli momalaka ga konda 100 gi ili nogi ili oga longitha edhina lyaKalunga mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka. Omalaka ogendji moAfrika, moAmerika, moAsia, moEuropa nomuuntuntu mboka wu li popepi nefuta lya mwena ohaga tumbula edhina lyaKalunga iikando oyindji. (Tala omusholondondo pepandja 12-13.) Aatoloki momalaka ngoka oya tokola okulongitha edhina lyaKalunga omolwomatompelo ngoka ga tumbulwa metetekelo. Omanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka gamwe, opo owala ga tolokwa. Gamwe gomugo ongaashi etoloko lyoRotuman (1999), ndyoka lya longitha “Jihova” iikando 51 moovelise 48 netoloko Batak (Toba) mo (1989) moIndonesia, ndyoka lya longitha “Jahowa” iikando 110.
Onkee ano, edhina lyaKalunga olya pumbwa lelalela okushunwa pomahala mpoka lya li nale mOmanyolo gopaKriste gOshigreka gopetameko. Aatoloki yOmbiimbeli yo-New World Translation osho ya ninga lela. Oya simaneka noonkondo adhihe edhina lyaKalunga, yo inaya kambadhala nando okashona okukutha mo sha shoka shi li momanyolo gopetameko. — Ehololo 22:18, 19.