Orehererya Maloko Ntakhara “Ohusiha wa Apwiya [Yehova]”
“Chamasowa . . . ároromela, atikhinano ohusiha wa Apwiya [Yehova].”—SAW. 13:12.
MUNNAWERYA WAAKHULA?
Oomuchara a Yesu yaaphunre hai orweela wa Pax Romana, naari Murecele wa Roma?
Akiristu oopacerya yaapharihenle hai soowela ni osuweliwa wa Ekiriki?
Muteko wa oomuchara a Kiristu waavoloweliwe hai ni nlamulo na Aroma ni omwaramwaxeya wa Ayuuta?
1-3. Makacamiho taani oohuserya a Yesu yaakumannaayano wi elaleerye michaka yaphaama wa “maloko othene”?
YESU KIRISTU aahaavaha oomuchara awe muteko mutokweene. Owo aahaalamulela: “Rowani husihani atchu a maloko othene.” Vaavaa yeeraayano muteko yoowo, moovira wa elukuluku “mitchaka eyo ya Omwene [yaahaala] olaleyeryiwa velaponi yothene ya vathi vano ekhale namona wa atchu othene.”—Mat. 24:14; 28:19.
2 Oohuserya yaanamusivela Yesu ni michaka yaphaama. Naamwi hiiha, awo akhweya yaaniikoha ti mwawiihai yaahaalaaya waakhwaniha orummwa waya. Opwaha soothene, awo yaari avakhaani. Yesu, yoowo yaamulaleyaaya ntoko Mwaana a Muluku, aahiiphiwa. Oohuserya awe yooniwa ntoko “óhihuserya ni óhísuwela.” (Saw. 4:13) Nyenya awo yaaya olaleya muchaka woohiyana ni mahusiheryo a ahooleli a malapelo oovuwa yaawo yaari oohusihiwa mmihapo seiyo saari sawunlaana. Mweelapo aya yooyariwa, oohuserya ale hiyi ethokororyiweke. Nave moolikanyiha ni Elapo Etokweene ya Roma, nloko na Isarayeli hinaari echu!
3 Nyenya, Yesu aahaalopola oohuserya awe wi yaahaala okhala awiiciwa ni awiikariwa nave wi akina a yaawo yaahaala wiiphiwa. (Luka 21:16, 17) Awo yaahaala okumana ni wiikariwa, ahusiha oowoka ni waaceereryeya wa ohiiwelela malamulo. (Mat. 24:10-12) Naamwi muchaka aya waahaala waakheliwa phaama voothevene, yaahaala owerya hai olaleerya “ophiyerya wiwo elapo ekomenlaya’wo”? (Saw. 1:8) Makacamiho yaawo yaari ootutuxa!
4. Oohuserya a nsana noopacerya yaakhumelenle hai mmuteko aya wa olaleerya?
4 Moohipwacha sawuukhula yaaryaayano, oohuserya yaaweiwa mu olaleerya michaka yaphaama ohiya pahiru o Yerusalemu ni Samariya nyenya ophiyerya makupa oorakamela a elapo. Naamwi oohuserya yaakumanne ni makacamiho, mpuwa mwa iyaakha 30 michaka yaphaama ‘yanalaleiwa wa sopachushiwa sothe sene sa vathi’ nave saanakumiherya sawiima mweelapo yoothene. (Akol. 1:6, 23) Wi nooniherye: Nthowa na yeeyo murummwa Paulo aalonceiye va evilivili ya Xipre, camasuwa a Roma Sergius Paulus “ároromela, atikhinano ohusiha wa Apwiya [Yehova].”—Mwaalakhanye Saweriwa Tarummwa 13:6-12.
5. (a) Tiheeni Yesu aaroromelinheiye oohuserya awe? (b) Vooloca sa mikhalelo sa nsana noopacerya, tiheeni akina aloncaaya?
5 Oohuserya a Yesu yaasuwela wi hiyaahaala owerya okhwaaniherya meekhaaya muteko wa olaleerya. Yesu aaloca wi aahaala okhala ni yaawo nave wi munepa waweela waahaala waakhaviherya. (Mat. 28:20) Mmakhalelo makina, mikhalelo sa elukuluku yeele sahaala okhaviherya muteko wa olaleerya Omwene. Liivuru Evangelism in the Early Church (Olaleerya wa Ekerexa Yoopacerya) ooloca: “Mmwaha wa achu, akhweya nsana noopacerya E.K. yaari elukuluku yaphaamaxa ya opaceryiha Ekerexa . . . Mu nsana nanawiili, Akiristu . . . yaapacerya oloca wi yaari marehereryo awirimu wi erehereryiwe elapo wi evuwihiwe Ekiristu.”
6. Tiheeni nnahaalaahu othokororya (a) mwaha yoola? (b) mwaha onacharela?
6 Piipiliya hanaloca ophiyerya mweero taani Muluku aahooleleiye ichu mu nsana noopacerya wi muteko woolaleerya waaceereryeye. Nyenya echu emoha ti yeeparipari: Yehova aachuna wi michaka yaphaama ilaleeryiwe, koma Satana haachuna. Mmwaha yoola, nnahaala othokororya ichu seiyo seerinhe wi muteko woolaleerya okhale wookhweya mu nsana noopacerya opwaha ilukuluku ikina sa miyaha. Mmwaha onacharela, nnahaala othokororya ichu sa mutano seiyo inanikhaviherya olaleerya michaka yaphaama ophiyerya weiwo ekotenlewo elapo yavathi.
PAX ROMANA WAAKHAVIHENRYE HAI
7. Pax Romana yaari eheeni, nave ntakhara heeni yaari yookhaviherya?
7 Mikhalelo mikina sa elapo ya Aroma ya nsana noopacerya saaruuha mphurelo wa Akiristu. Mweelukuluku aya, waakhalavo Pax Romana, naari Murecele wa Roma. Elapo Etokweene ya Roma yaatikitherya murecele variyari va achu oothene. Moovira wa elukuluku, saakhalavo “ikhocho ni ovuwa wa ikhocho,” ntoko Yesu aalohenryeiye. (Mat. 24:6) Amwiicani oorweela o Roma yaamutoloxa Yerusalemu mu 70 E.K., nave waakhalavo owanawana o minlaano sa elapo. Mu iyaakha 200 opacerya elukuluku ya Yesu, elapo ya Metiteraneo yaari yootaphuwa. Liivuru mmoha ootholathola onnaloca: “Hiwitonko okhalavo murecele woolekela, nave hiyuulunle tho okhalavo murecele variyari va achu ancipale.”
8. Elukuluku ya murecele yaakhavihenrye hai Akiristu oopacerya?
8 Atharihaka moonelo awe, Origen namiruku a nsana naneeraru aarepa: “Waahaala okhala woovila nihusiho na Yesu omwaramwaxeya veelapo yoothene waakhanle wi yaakhalavo mamwene mancipale . . . ntakhara wi voothevene Alopwana yaahaala ophareliwaka muteko wa etoropa wi yaakihe elapo aya. . . . Vano, yaahaala oweryeya hai nihusiho nenlo naavuwiha murecele nave naheemererya achu waavootha amwiicani okhumelela phaama wahikhanle wi mukhalelo wa elapo waari woohiyana nave wahikhanlevo munepa woomaaleleya moorweela wa olaleerya wa Yesu?” Alaleeryi a Omwene yaaniikariwa mweelapo ya Roma, nyenya awo yaari a murecele nave yaaphura murecele wa elukuluku yeele.—Mwaalakhanye Aroma 12:18-21.
MUKHALELO SOOWELA SAAKHAVIHENRYAAYA
9, 10. Ntakhara heeni waari wawaakiheya weeca mu Elapo Etokweene ya Roma?
9 Akiristu yaapharihela phaama mixewe sa Roma. Wi aalipelele nave awaakihe anamurala awe, Roma aakhalano anakhoco oolipa ni oolapa phaama. Wi anakhoco yeeceke mwawaakuveya, waari woochuneya mixewe saphaama, nave Roma aasuwela oteka. Alipa ooteka a Roma yaapaka mixewe opwaha ikilomeeturu 80.000 yiiwananihaka makupa mancipale. Mixewe saanavira mutakhwani ni mmiyaako.
10 Ophitaanyerya mixewe seiyo, Aroma yaanapuha ikilomeeturu 27.000 sa mihice. Apophoro a Roma yaaneeca ikwaha 900 mphareya ephiyaka mmapuro masana masaneene. Mwawiihiiha Akiristu yaanawerya weeca orukurerya elapo ya Roma. Yaakhalavo makacamiho, nyenya murummwa Paulo ni akina yaaheeca okhwipi wa elapo ehirino ipaaxo ni acikici. Hisaarivo minlaano sa elapo. Achu oohiiwelela yaanoova olakiwa wa Roma, mwawiihiiha mixewe saari sawaakiheya. Weeca tho mu eniya waari wawaakiheya nthowa nawi apophoro a Roma yaari ookhapeleleya. Naamwi Paulo aakumanne ni opwina wa pophoro ikwaha sincipale, Soorempwa hasinaloca wi mikwaha sawe saari sawoopiha.—2 Akor. 11:25, 26.
ELOCELO YAAKHAVIHENRYE HAI
11. Ntakhara heeni oohuserya yaapharihela elocelo ya Ekiriki?
11 Koine naari Ekiriki, yaakhaviherya okhalavo olocihana waphaama ni wiiwanana variyari va miloko Seekiristu. Nthowa na ovootha wa Alexantre Mutokweene, Ekiriki yaanalociwa elapo yoothene. Mwawiihiiha alapeli a Muluku yaanawerya oloca ni achu a mukhalelo woothene, nave ela yaakhaviherya omwaramwaxeya wa michaka yaphaama. Mwawaacererya, Ayuuta yaawo yaakhala o Yiikuputu yaataphulela Soorempwa sa Eheepri ekhala Ekiriki. Achu yaasuwela phaama Septuaginta. Akiristu oopacerya yaanapharihela soorepa seiyo mootaphuwa. Akiristu tho yaahoona wi Ekiriki yaari yoophwanelela mu ikaarata saya. Nthowa na waaca malocelo ni masu eyo yaari yoochuneya vaavaa saatharihiwaaya miyaha soomunepani.
12. (a) Códice tiheeni, nave mmukhalelo taani yaaraaya yaphaama opwaha eroolo? (b) Ti liini códice aaphariheliweiye elapo yoothene ni Akiristu?
12 Akiristu yaawerya hai opharihela Soorempwa mu orummwa waya? Iroolo saari soolimela, iho saaphwanela okhuniwa ni okhunuliwa, nyenya yaarempwa mmakupa mamoha pahiru a nnyapara na mwaaxinama. Michaka sa Mateyu pahiru saahaala osareya va eroolo yoothene. Nyenya ohoolo waya yaakhumelela códice—mukhalelo wa liivuru akhalai yoowo aarempwa ni mata. Códice saakhala ipaaxina seiyo saasoneliwa vamoha. Mulipa waalakhanya aanawerya ohula códice ni ophwanya makupa a Soorempwa mwawaakuveya. Naamwi ehisuweliwe phaama ti liini Akiristu yaapacenryaaya opharihela códice, yoothoonyerya emoha ennaloca: “Echu esuweliwe ti yawi Akiristu yaapacerya opharihela códice mu nsana nanaawiili akhweya ihaakumve ovira iyaakha 100 E.K.”
NLAMULO NA ROMA NAAKHAVIHENRYE HAI
13, 14. (a) Paulo aapharihenle hai okhala wawe Muroma? (b) Nlamulo na Roma naakhavihenrye hai Akiristu?
13 Nlamulo na Roma naari noowerya mweelapo yoothene, nave nlo naanavaha ophwanelela ni waakiha. Ikwaha sincipale Paulo aapharihela okhala wawe Muroma. Vaavaa aamakiweiye o Yerusalemu, Paulo aamukoha mutokweene a Roma: “Onnémereryiwa wa nyuwo onwashula mutchu mRoma?” Eyo hiyaari yaweemereryeya. Vaavaa Paulo aalonceiye wi aari Muroma, “yawo yáháwela wi emukohekohe, yámuhiya; nave kapitao mtokotoko áhóva, árónreiye wi [Paulo] ti mRoma, nave’tho ntakhara áhammaka.”—Saw. 22:25-29.
14 Paulo okhala wawe Muroma waavolowela okhalihiwa wawe o Filipi. (Saw. 16:35-40) O Efeso, namarepa a epooma aapharihela nlamulo na Roma wi amaalihe muloko woonyeenyeya. (Saw. 19:35-41) Oveka wa Paulo vaavaa aareiye o Kaisareya waamweeriha waakiha nroromelo nawe vamiithoni va Kaisara. (Saw. 25:8-12) Mwawiihiiha, nlamulo na Roma naaheeriha wi okhale wooweryeya waakiha ni otikitherya “mitchaka yaphama.”—Afil. 1:7.
YOOKHUMELELA YA OMWARAMWAXEYA WA AYUUTA
15. Ayuuta a nsana noopacerya yaamwaramwaxen’ye ophiyerya woowi?
15 Moolikana, Akiristu yaahoona okhala wookhweya olaleerya nthowa nawi Ayuuta yaari oomwaramwaxeya orukurerya elapo ya Roma. Iyaakha masana oculi, Asiiriya nave ohoolo waya Apaapulu yaahaaphara Ayuuta mweelapo aya. Omapacereryo wa nsana naneethanu E.E.K., saakhalavo miceche 127 sa Elapo ya Persiya mwemmo yaaphwanyeyamo Ayuuta. (Estere 9:30) Vaavaa Yesu aareiye veelaponi yavathi, Ayuuta yaanaphwanyeya o Yiikuputu ni makupa makina a Afrika Oomoko, ophitaanyerya Kresiya, Asiya Mukhaani ni Mesopotamiya. Enalociwa wi achu 60.000.000 yaakhala o Roma, variyari va nikhuuru na achu 14 mmoha aari Muyuuta. Voothevene Ayuuta yaayaayawo, awo yaanakuxa malapelo aya.—Mat. 23:15.
16, 17. (a) Omwaramwaxeya wa Ayuuta waakhavihenrye hai yaale yaahiri Ayuuta? (b) Meerelo taani a Ayuuta Akiristu anacharihaaya?
16 Nthowa na omwaramwaxeya wa Ayuuta, achu ancipale yaahiri Ayuuta yaasuwela phaama Soorempwa sa Eheepri. Yaahuserya wi orivo Muluku mmoharu eeparipari nave wi yaale anamurumeela anahooleliwa ni meecelo a vasulu. Mwawaacererya, Soorempwa sa Eheepri saasareya ni sooloherya sa Mesiya. (Luka 24:44) Ayuuta vamoha ni Akiristu yaaniiwexexa wi Soorempwa sa Eheepri yaari Masu ooveereliwa a Muluku, yaawo yaamukhavihenrye Paulo otikitherya mathipelo ni yaale murima aya waathitimanenle ekhaikhai. Paulo aanavolowa mmapuro oothukumana a Ayuuta nave aanavaanela ni yaawo Soorempwa.—Mwaalakhanye Saweriwa Tarummwa 17:1, 2.
17 Ayuuta aatikitherya yootakiherya ya malapelo. Moohihiyererya awo yaanakhala vamoha mmapuro oothukumana naari vanlakani vene. Yaaniipa macipo, yaanavekela nave yaanathokororya Soorempwa. Olelo, muloko Weekiristu onnachariha meerelo yaala.
TI YOOWERYEYA NNIKHAVIHERYO NA YEHOVA
18, 19. (a) Mikhalelo sa nsana noopacerya saakumihenrye eheeni? (b) Yeeyo nimanlaahu othokororya enavolowela hai moonelo anyu vooloca sa Yehova?
18 Chiryene, otorokeya wa mikhalelo waakhaviherya okhumelela phaama wa olaleeryiwa michaka yaphaama. Pax Romana, soowela, elocelo yawunlaana, nlamulo na Roma ni omwaramwaxeya wa Ayuuta saahaakhaviherya oohuserya a Yesu waakhwaniha muteko aya wa olaleerya woorweela wa Muluku.
19 Masana masese oculi, Plato namiruku Mukiriki aarepa: “Yaahaala okhala yoovila omusuwela mpatuxa ni tiithi a elapo ahu, nave naamwi namphwannye, hiwi okhale wooweryeya oloca sa yoowo wa muchu ori oothene.” Nyenya Yesu aaloca: “Itchu sohiweryeya tatchu sinaweryeya ti Muluku.” (Luka 18:27) Mpatuxa a elapo yoothene onachuna wi achu emphwanye nave emusuwele. Opwaha yeeyo, Yesu aahaaleela oomuchara awe: “Husihani atchu a maloko othene.” (Mat. 28:19) Nnikhaviheryo na Yehova Muluku, ti wooweryeya waakhwaniha orummwa yoowo. Mwaha onacharela onaya wooniherya mukhalelo muteko yoola oneeriwaayano mmahiku ahu.