Tohi he Tohi Tapu Numera 42—Luka
Tagata Tohia: Luka
Matakavi Tohia: Kaisaria
Katoatoa he Tohia: k. 56–58 V.N.
Katoa he Magaaho: 3 F.V.N.–33 V.N.
KO E Evagelia a Luka ne tohi ai he tagata taane ne manamanatu fakamakutu mo e loto totonu, ti ko e tau mahani mitaki kehekehe nei, mo e takitakiaga he agaaga he Atua, ne moua mai e tala hakotika mo e pukeina he mafanatia mo e tau logonaaga. He tau kupu hafagi, ne pehē a ia, “Ko e mena ia, ko au foki ne manatu ai au, ha kua kumi fakamakutu e au e tau mena oti kana, tali mai ni he kamataaga, ke tohi fakamatafeiga atu kia koe.” Ko e puhala tohi fakamatafeiga mo e uliulitonu haana kua fakamooli katoatoa e talahauaga nei.—Luka 1:3.
2 Pete kua nakai tu e higoa a Luka he tala nei, ka kua talia he tau pulotu i tuai ko Luka ne tohia ai. Kua mailoga e Evagelia ha Luka i loto he Muratorian Fragment (k. 170 V.N.) ti talia he tau tagata tohia he senetenari ke uaaki tuga a Irenaeus mo Clement of Alexandria. Ko e tau fakamooliaga i loto kua hagaao lahi foki ki a Luka. Ne talahau a Paulo hagaao ki a ia he Kolose 4:14 ko “Luka ko e ekekafo fakahele,” ti pulotu e fakatokatokaaga he gahua haana tuga ne amanaki ki ai mai he tagata fakaako tokoluga, tuga e ekekafo. Ne fifili fakamitaki e ia e tau manatu mo e loga he tau kupu, ne mua atu e loga ke he tau tagata tohia Evagelia tokotolu ne toe pete he lafi auloa ai, ati maeke ai ke vetevete fakatekiteki mo e katoatoa e matakupu aoga haana. Ko e tala haana ke he tama taane moumou koloa kua mailoga he falu ko e tala kū ne mua e mitaki ne kua tohi.
3 Ne fakaaoga e Luka molea e 300 he tau kupu fakaekekafo po ke tau kupu ne fai kakano fakaekekafo ne kua nakai tatai e tau fakaaogaaga (kaeke kua fai ne fakaaoga) ke he falu tagata tohia he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heleni Kerisiano.a Ma e fakatai, he talahau hagaao ke he lepela, ko e tau kupu ne fakaaoga e Luka kua nakai tatai tumau mo e tau kupu he taha faoa. Ki a lautolu ko e lepela ni e lepela, ka e ke he ekekafo, na kehekehe e tau tutūaga he lepela, tuga he magaaho ne tutala a Luka hagaao ke he “taha tagata kua oti hana tino he lepela.” Ne pehē a ia ko Lasaro kua ‘oti hana tino he popo.’ Ne nakai fai tagata tohia Evagelia foki ne pehē kua moua e matua fugavai fifine ha Peteru he “kafo vevela.” (5:12; 16:20; 4:38) Pete kua tala mai he tokotolu ne toe ki a tautolu na hio e Peteru e teliga he fekafekau he ekepoa ne mua, ko Luka ni ne talahau na fakamalolō ai e Iesu. (22:51) Ti ko e ekekafo ni ka talahau ko e fifine “kua lolelole ai, ko e hana tau tau kua hogofulu ma valu; ti kua fakatolotolo a ia, ti nakai fahia a ia ke tu hake ki luga.” Ti ko hai foki ka ko “Luka ko e ekekafo fakahele” ni ka fakamau e tala fakamatafeiga ke he tau lagomatai fakaekekafo ne taute he Samaria ke he tagata ne “pipi hana tau kafokia, kua liligi foki ki ai e magalolo mo e uaina”?—13:11; 10:34.
4 Magaaho fe ne tohi e Luka e Evagelia haana? Kua fakakite mai he Gahua 1:1 ko e tagata ne tohia e Gahua (ko Luka foki) ne tohi “e tala fakamua,” he Evagelia. Ne liga oti e tohi he Gahua he kavi 61 V.N. he nofo agaia a Luka i Roma mo Paulo, ne fakatali ke fakafili e Kaisara. Ti liga tohi e Luka e tala he Evagelia i Kaisaria he kavi 56-58 V.N., he mole e liliu mai a ia mo Paulo i Filipi he oti e fenoga misionare ke toluaki ha Paulo ti kua fakatali a Paulo ke he ua e tau he fale puipui i Kaisaria ato uta ki Roma ke fakafili a ia. Ha ko Luka haia i Palesitaina, he magaaho nei kua mitaki e tuaga haana ke ‘kumi fakamakutu e tau mena oti kana, tali mai ni he kamataaga’ hagaao ke he moui mo e fekafekauaga ha Iesu. Ati tuga kua fakamua e tala ha Luka he Evagelia a Mareko.
5 Ka e mooli, ne nakai kitia mata e Luka e tau mena oti ne tutupu ne fakamau e ia he Evagelia haana, nakai ko ia taha he toko 12 foki mo e liga nakai ko e tagata talitonu ato mole laia e mate ha Iesu. Pete ia, ne fakafetui tata lahi a ia mo Paulo he fonua misionare. (2 Timo. 4:11; File. 24) Ti tuga he amanaki ki ai, kua kitia mooli ke he puhala tohi haana e fakaohoohoaga ha Paulo, tuga ka kitia he fakatatai e tau tala ha laua ke he Kaiaga Afiafi he Iki, he Luka 22:19, 20 mo e 1 Korinito 11:23-25. He taha punaaga he tau vala tala, ne liga fakaaoga foki e Luka e Evagelia a Mataio. He ‘kumi fakamakutu e tau mena oti kana,’ ne liga maeke ia ia ke hūhū tala ke he tau tagata tokologa ne kitia mata e tau mena tutupu he moui a Iesu, tuga e tau tutaki ne momoui agaia mo e liga ke he matua fifine ha Iesu ko Maria. Maeke ia tautolu ke mauokafua ne nakai toe ha maka nakai fuluhi e ia he fakaputu e tau vala tala matafeiga ne falanaki ki ai.
6 Kua kitia maaliali he kumikumi ke he tau tala he tau Evagelia ne fā kua nakai ko e fatiaki noa he tau tagata tohia e tala he taha, po ke tohi hokoia e lautolu ke fakakite na tokologa e tagata ne kitia mata e fakamauaga aoga lahi nei he Tohi Tapu. Ko e puhala tohi tala ha Luka ko e haana ni tokotaha. Katoatoa ai, ne 59 e pasene he Evagelia haana ne tohi ke he puhala haana ni. Ne fakamau e ia kavi ke he ono e mana pauaki mo e lahi atu e numera ia ka fakalahi ua e tau fakataiaga ne nakai totoku he tau Evagelia ne toe, ne taha mai he tolu e Evagelia haana ko e tau tala ne tohi mo e ua mai he tolu ko e tau kupu ne talahau; ko e Evagelia haana ne mua atu e loa he tau Evagelia ne fā. Ne matapatu e tohi a Mataio ke he tau Iutaia, mo e ha Mareko ma e tau tagata totou ne nakai ko e tau Iutaia, mua atu ke he tau Roma. Ne hagaao e Evagelia a Luka ke he ‘iki ko Teofilo’ ti puhala atu e ia ke he falu tagata, tau Iutaia mo lautolu ne nakai ko e tau Iutaia. (Luka 1:3, 4) He tohi e tala haana ke lata mo e lalolagi katoa, ne kumi e ia ki tua e matohiaga ha Iesu ti hoko ki a “Atamu, ko e tama a ia he Atua,” ti nakai oti ia Aperahamo, tuga ha Mataio ne tohi pauaki ma e tau Iutaia. Ne fakamaama lahi e ia e tau kupu fakaperofeta ha Simeona ko Iesu e kakano ka “fakamaama aki e tau motu kehe,” mo e talahau “to kitia foki he tau tagata oti e fakamouiaga mai he Atua.”—3:38; 2:29-32; 3:6.
7 Ke he tohi katoa haana, ne fakakite ko Luka ko e tagata pulotu he tohi tala, ne fakatokatoka fakamitaki mo e fakahako e tau tala haana. Ko e tau puhala hako mo e mooli nei he tau tohi a Luka ko e fakamooliaga malolō ke he tonutika he tau tohi ia. Ne talahau he taha tagata tohia fakamatafakatufono: “Ko e tau tala loto fakavihi, tau tala tuai mo e tau talahauaga fakavai kua fakaeneene he tuku e tau mena ne tutupu he taha matakavi mamao mo e he taha magaaho ne nakai iloa tonu, ati moumou ai e matafakatufono fakamua ne ako e mautolu ko e tau loea ke moua e tau fakamooliaga hako, ha kua lata e ‘talahauaga ke fai magaaho mo e matakavi,’ ko e tala Tohi Tapu kua talamai ki a mautolu e aho mo e matakavi he tau mena tutupu ke he puhala hakotika.”b Ke fakamooli aki ne totoku e ia e Luka 3:1, 2: “Ko e tau ne hogofulu ma lima he pule a Tiperio Kaisara, ne pule a Ponotio Pilato ki Iutaia, ko Herota foki ko e patuiki a ia a Kalilaia, mo Filipo hana matakainaga ko e patuiki a ia a Ituraia mo e fahi ko Terekoniti, ko Lusanio foki, ko e iki a ia a Apilene; ko Ana mo Kaiafa, ko e tau ekepoa ne mua a laua, kua hoko mai ai e kupu he Atua kia Ioane e tama a Sakaria ke he tutakale.” Ne nakai fai tuahā e mena nei hagaao ke he magaaho po ke matakavi, ka kua fitu e iki he motu ne totoku e Luka ke maeke ia tautolu ke iloa e magaaho ne kamata e fekafekauaga ha Ioane mo e ha Iesu.
8 Ne talamai foki e Luka ua e manatu ke iloa tonu e magaaho ne fanau a Iesu he talahau e ia he Luka 2:1, 2: “Ko e vaha ia ne hoko mai ai e poakiaga a Kaisara Aokuso, kia tohia ai e tau tagata oti kana. Kua eke e tohiaga fakamua nai ke he vaha ne pule ai a Kurenio i Suria.” Ko e magaaho anei ne o hake a Iosefa mo Maria ki Petelehema ke tohi e tau higoa ti fanau a Iesu he nonofo a laua i ai.c Kua talia foki a tautolu mo e tagata hokotaki tala ne pehē, “Ko e taha kumiaga uka lahi he aga fakamau tala tuai ha Luka he maeke tumau a ia ke moua e hakotika katoatoa.”d Kua lata ia tautolu ke mailoga kua tonu e talahauaga ha Luka ke ‘kumi fakamakutu e tau mena oti kana, tali mai ni he kamataaga.’
9 Ne fakakite foki e Luka e puhala he tau perofetaaga he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu ne hakotika e fakamooliaga ki a Iesu Keriso. Ne fatiaki e ia e talahauaga omoomoi ha Iesu ke he mena nei. (24:27, 44) Lafi ai, ne fakamau fakahako e Luka e tau perofetaaga ha Iesu hagaao ke he tau mena tutupu i mua, ti loga he tau mena nei kua fitā he ofoofogia e tau fakamooliaga ke tuga ni he talahau fakamatafeiga tuai. Ma e fakatai, ne pātakai a Ierusalema he pā akau matahiku matila ti moumou he matematekelea matakutakuina he 70 V.N., tuga ni he talahau tuai e Iesu. (Luka 19:43, 44; 21:20-24; Mata. 24:2) Ko e tagata tohi tala tuai ko Flavius Josephus, ne kitia mata ai mo e kautau Roma, ne talahau ko e maaga i tua kua hahala e tau akau ke hoko ke kavi 16 e kilomita ke moua e tau akau mata matila, ti kua 7.2 e kilomita he loa he kaupā akau, ati loga e fifine mo e tau tama ne mamate he hoge, ti molea e 1,000,000 Iutaia ne mamate mo e 97,000 ne uta fakapaea. Ke hoko mai ke he vahā nei, ko e Arch of Titus i Roma kua fakakite e kautūaga he tau tagata Roma he tau koloa ne fofō mai he latau ne tamai he faituga i Ierusalema.e Kua maeke ia tautolu ke mauokafua ko e falu perofetaaga omoomoi ne fakamau e Luka to fakamooli pihia foki ni.
KAKANO NE AOGA AI
30 Ko e tala mitaki he “evagelia a Luka” kua atihake e mauokafua he tagata ke he Kupu he Atua mo e fakamalolō e tua haana ke maeke ia ia ke totoko tumau ke he tau kamatamata he lalolagi tu kehe nei. Ne foaki e Luka loga e fakataiaga ke he tau fakamooliaga hakotika he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu. Ne fakakite a Iesu kua futiaki mai e fekafekauaga haana he tau kupu pauaki he tohi a Isaia, ti tuga kua fakaaoga e Luka e mena nei mo matapatu tala he tohi katoa haana. (Luka 4:17-19; Isaia 61:1, 2) Ko e taha anei he tau magaaho ne fatiaki mai a Iesu he tau Perofeta. Ne fatiaki mai foki a ia he Fakatufono, tuga he nakai talia e tau kamatamata tolu he Tiapolo, mo e mai he tau Salamo, tuga he hūhū ke he tau fī haana, “Kua talahau fefe e tau tagata, ko e Keriso ko e Tama a ia a Tavita?” Ne loga atu foki e fatiakiaga i loto he tala a Luka ne moua mai he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu.—Luka 4:4, 8, 12; 20:41-44; Teu. 8:3; 6:13, 16; Sala. 110:1.
31 He magaaho ne heke a Iesu he punua asini he fina atu ki Ierusalema tuga ne talahau tuai he Sakaria 9:9, ne fakaheke fiafia e lanu tagata ki a ia, he fakahagaao e kupu tohi ia Salamo 118:26 ki a ia. (Luka 19:35-38) He taha e tokaaga i loto he tohi a Luka, ne ua e kupu tohi ne moua e fakamaamaaga ke he ono e manatu he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu hagaao ke he perofetaaga he mate mo e liu tu mai ha Iesu ne kua tata mai. (Luka 18:32, 33; Sala. 22:7; Isaia 50:6; 53:5-7; Iona 1:17) Fakahiku, he mole e liu tu mai haana, ne peehi fakamalolō e Iesu ke he tau tutaki e aoga he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu katoa. “Kua tala age a ia kia lautolu, Ko e tau kupu haia ne tala atu ai e au kia mutolu, he nofo au ia mutolu, kua lata ke fakakatoatoa ai e tau mena oti ne tohi kia au ke he fakatufono a Mose, mo e tau [P]erofeta, mo e tau [S]alamo. Ati vevete ai e ia ha lautolu a tau loto kia maama ai kia lautolu e tau Tohi[aga Tapu].” (Luka 24:44, 45) Ke tuga e tau tutaki fakamua ia ha Iesu Keriso, kua maeke foki ia tautolu ke maama mo e moua e tua malolō he mataala ke he tau fakamooliaga he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heperu, ne hakotika he fakamaama e Luka mo e falu tagata tohia he tau Tohiaga Tapu Heleni Kerisiano.
32 He tala katoa haana, ne matutaki a Luka ke tuhi atu e tau tagata totou haana ke he Kautu he Atua. Mai he kamataaga he tohi, magaaho ne mavehe e agelu ki a Maria to fanau e ia e tama ti “to eke a ia mo Patuiki he faoa a Iakopo tukulagi; ko e hana kautu foki nakai fai fakaotiaga ia,” ke hoko ke he tau veveheaga fakahiku, ne tutala a Iesu ke he uta e tau aposetolo ke lata ma e maveheaga he Kautu, ne fakamaama e Luka e amaamanakiaga ke he Kautu. (1:33; 22:28, 29) Ne fakakite e ia a Iesu hane takitaki e gahua fakamatala ke he Kautu mo e fakafano atu toko 12 e aposetolo, mo e toko 70 fakamui, ke taute e gahua taha nei. (4:43; 9:1, 2; 10:1, 8, 9) Kua lata ke moua e loto fakamooli katoatoa ke huhū atu ke he Kautu, ne kua kitia ai he tau kupu malolō ha Iesu: “Ati tokai a lautolu kua mamate ke tanu ha lautolu a tau tagata mamate; ka ko koe, kia fano mo e fakakite atu e kautu he Atua,” mo e, “Ko ia kua toto hana lima ke he arote mo e haga ki tua, nakai lata a ia mo e kautu he Atua.”—9:60, 62.
33 Ne peehi e Luka e matakupu he liogi. Kua mua atu e Evagelia haana hagaao ke he matakupu nei. Kua tutala hagaao ke he lanu tagata ne liogi ka ko Sakaria i loto he faituga, ki a Ioane ko e Papatiso ne fanau mai ko e tali ke he liogi ke fai tama, mo e ki a Ana ko e perofeta fifine ne liogi he po mo e aho. Kua fakamaama a Iesu ne liogi he magaaho ne papatiso ai, he liogi a ia he po katoa ato fifili e toko 12, mo e liogi haana he magaaho he fakafaliuaga. Ne tomatoma e Iesu e tau tutaki haana “kia liogi mau ke lata ai, ka e aua neke fakalolelole,” he fakatai ai ke he fifine takape ne fakauka ke ole tumau ke he ikifakafili ato foaki ki a ia e fakafili tonu. Ko Luka ni tokotaha ne talahau e ole he tau tutaki ki a Iesu ke fakaako a lautolu ke liogi mo e ke he agelu ne fakamalolō a Iesu he liogi a ia he Mouga ko Olive; ti ko ia tokotaha ne fakamau e tau kupu he liogi fakahiku ha Iesu: “Ma Matua na e, kua tuku atu e au haku agaga ke he hau a tau lima.” (1:10, 13; 2:37; 3:21; 6:12; 9:28, 29; 18:1-8; 11:1; 22:39-46; 23:46) Ke tuga ni he vahā ne fakamau e Luka e Evagelia haana, ti ko e liogi he vahā nei ko e foakiaga aoga ke fakamalolō e tau tagata oti hane taute e finagalo faka-Atua.
34 Ha ko e haana a manamanatuaga hakahakau mo e pulotu, ne lotomatala mo e maama e puhala tohi haana, ne foaki e Luka e mafanatia mo e alaga moui ke he fakaakoaga ha Iesu. Ko e fakaalofa, totonu, fakaalofa noa, mo e fakaalofa hofihofi noa ha Iesu ki a lautolu kua lolelole, pehia, mo e matematekelea kua fakakite e kehe lahi he lotu makalili, pule fakakikili, fulukovi, mo e fakatupua he tau tohikupu mo e tau Farasaio. (4:18; 18:9) Ne foaki tumau e Iesu e fakamafanaaga mo e lagomatai ki a lautolu ne nonofogati, ne līlī, ne matapouli, mo lautolu ne pehia, ti foaki age e tau fakafifitakiaga homo atu ma lautolu ne kumi ke ‘mumui ke he hana tau tuagahui.’—1 Pete. 2:21.
35 Ke tuga a Iesu, ko e Tama mitaki katoatoa he Atua, ne homo atu e tau gahua he fakatātā e manamanatu fakaalofa ma e tau tutaki haana mo e tau tagata oti ne loto fakamooli, kua lata foki ia tautolu ke taute e fekafekauaga ha tautolu mo e fakaalofa, e, “ha ko e fakaalofa hofihofi noa he Atua ha tautolu.” (Luka 1:78) Ke he fakaotiaga nei ko e tala mitaki “he evagelia a Luka” kua mua atu mooli e aoga mo e lagomatai. Kua maeke ia tautolu ke loto fakaaue mooli ki a Iehova he omoomoi a Luka, “ko e ekekafo fakahele,” ke tohi e tala hakotika, atihake, mo e fakamalolō nei, he tuhi atu ke he fakamouiaga puhala mai he Kautu ia Iesu Keriso, ko e “fakamouiaga mai he Atua.”—Kolo. 4:14; Luka 3:6.
[Tau Matahui Tala]
a The Medical Language of Luke, 1954, W. K. Hobart, lau xi-xxviii.
b A Lawyer Examines the Bible, 1943, I. H. Linton, lau 38.
c Insight on the Scriptures, Vol. 2, lau 766-7.
d Modern Discovery and the Bible, 1955, A. Rendle Short, lau 211.
e The Jewish War, V, 491-515, 523 (xii, 1-4); VI, 420 (ix, 3); kikite foki e Insight on the Scriptures, Vol. 2, lau 751-2.