Tohi he Tohi Tapu Numera 43​—Ioane

Tagata Tohia: Aposetolo ko Ioane

Matakavi Tohia: Efeso po ke tata ki ai

Katoatoa he Tohia: k. 98 V.N.

Katoa he Magaaho: Mole e hafagi, 29–33 V.N.

KO E tau fakamauaga Evagelia a Mataio, Mareko mo Luka kua fitā e uta fano ke molea e 30 e tau ti kua tokiofa he tau Kerisiano he senetenari fakamua ko e tau gahua he tau tagata taane ne omoomoi he agaaga tapu. Kua teitei oti tuai e senetenari mo e tote fakahaga e numera ha lautolu ne fakalataha mo Iesu, ne liga lagā e hūhū, Fai tala agaia nakai ke talahau? Fai tagata agaia nakai ne liga maeke, mai he tau mena ne manatu fakatagata e ia, ke fakakatoa e tau vala tala uho ke he fekafekauaga ha Iesu? E, fai. Ko e fuakau ko Ioane kua fakamonuina tokotaha foki a ia he lafiaga haana mo Iesu. Ne iloa mooli ai ko ia taha tutaki fakamua ha Ioane ko e Papatiso ke iloa e Punua Mamoe he Atua mo e ko ia taha mai he tokofā fakamua ke uiina he Iki ke fakalataha tumau mo ia ke he fekafekauaga. (Ioane 1:35-39; Mare. 1:16-20) Ne matutaki a ia ke fakafetui tata mo Iesu he fekafekauaga katoa haana mo e ko e tutaki “ne ofania e Iesu” ne takoto i mua he fatafata a Iesu he Paseka fakahiku. (Ioane 13:23; Mata. 17:1; Mare. 5:37; 14:33) Ko ia i ai he magaaho momoko lahi he tamateaga, magaaho ne kotofa e Iesu a ia ke leveki e matua fifine Haana, ti ko ia ne mua ia Peteru he tafepoi ke he tukuaga ke kumikumi e tala kua liu tu mai a Iesu.—Ioane 19:26, 27; 20:2-4.

² Ne kua totoka he teitei 70 e tau ne gahua malolō he fekafekauaga mo e fakamalolō he tau fakakiteaga mo e manamanatu fakahokulo he nofo tokotaha laia a ia he fale puipui he motu ko Patamo, nukua mauokafua a Ioane ke tohi e tau mena kua leva e tokiofa e ia he loto. Kua pukeina a ia he agaaga tapu he mogonei ke liu manatu mo e tohi hifo e tau talahauaga uho loga ia ne fakahao moui ke maeke he tau tagata totou takitokotaha ke ‘talia ko Iesu, ko e Keriso ni haia, ko e Tama he Atua; kia moua ai foki e moui he hana higoa.’—20:31.

³ Ne talia he tau Kerisiano he mataulu he senetenari ke uaaki ko Ioane ne tohi e tala nei ti fehagai foki ke he tohi nei ko e vala moolioli he kanona he tau Tohiaga Tapu omoomoi. Ko Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus, Tertullian, mo Origen, ko lautolu oti mai he matahiku he senetenari ke uaaki mo e mataulu he senetenari ke toluaki, ne talahau e mooli ko Ioane e tagata tohia. Ka e mua atu, ko e laulahi he tau fakamooliaga ko Ioane e tagata ne tohia ai kua haia ni he tohi. Maaliali ai ko e Iutaia e tagata tohia ti iloa lahi e tau aga Iutaia mo e motu ha lautolu. (2:6; 4:5; 5:2; 10:22, 23) Kua fakakite he fetataiaki lahi he tala ne nakai ni ko e aposetolo a ia ka ko e taha mai he tokotolu—Peteru, Iakopo, mo Ioane—ne fakatauō mo Iesu he tau magaaho pauaki. (Mata. 17:1; Mare. 5:37; 14:33) Ia lautolu nei, ko Iakopo (ko e tama taane a Sepetaio) ne nakai ko ia ha kua mate fakamaturo e Herota Akeripa I he kavi 44 V.N., fakamua atu to tohia e tohi nei. (Gahua 12:2) Ne nakai ko Peteru ha kua totoku fakalataha mo e tagata tohia he Ioane 21:20-24.

⁴ He tau kupu fakahiku nei, ne hagaao ai ke he tagata tohia ko e tutaki “kua ofania e Iesu,” ko e mena nei mo e falu talahauaga pihia ne fakaaoga lagaloga he fakamauaga, ka kua nakai totoku e higoa he aposetolo ko Ioane. Ne kua fatiaki ai a Iesu hagaao ki a ia: “Kaeke ke loto au ke tumau a ia ato hau au, to ku e mena ia kia koe?” (Ioane 21:20, 22) Liga ko e tutaki ne hagaao ki ai to moui loa atu ia Peteru mo e falu aposetolo. Kua felauaki tonu e tau mena oti nei ke he aposetolo ko Ioane. Kua fuluola foki ko Ioane, he mole e tala age e Fakakiteaga ke he haele mai ha Iesu, ne fakahiku e perofetaaga ofoofogia ia ke he tau kupu: “Amene. . . . ko e Iki na e ma Iesu, kia haele mai a koe.”—Fakakite. 22:20.

⁵ Pete kua nakai talahau fakamahino he tau tohi ha Ioane ha vala tala ke he mena ia, kua lahi e talitonu ne tohi e Ioane e Evagelia haana he mole e liu mai he paeaaga he motu ko Patamo. (Fakakite. 1:9) Ko e pule he kautu Roma ko Nerva, 96-98 V.N., ne manatu e tokologa ne fakapaea he matahiku he magaaho ne pule e iki ne fakamua ia ia, ko Domitian. He mole e tohi he Evagelia haana he kavi 98 V.N., ne pehē ai ne mate mo e mafola a Ioane i Efeso he tau ke toluaki he Pule Atu Motu ko Trajan he 100 V.N.

⁶ Ne tohi ai i Efeso po ke tau matakavi i ai, ko Eusebius ko e tagata fakamau tala tuai (k. 260-342 V.N.) ne fatiaki a Irenaeus ne pehē: “Ko Ioane, ko e tutaki he Iki, ne takoto he fatafata haana, ne talahau foki e ia e evagelia, he nofo a ia i Efeso i Asia.”a Ne tohia e tohi i tua i Palesitaina nukua lalago he tau talahauaga loga hagaao ke he tau tagata totoko ha Iesu ke he tau kupu, “tau tagata Iutaia,” ka e nakai ko e “tau Farasaio,” ko e “tau ekepoa ne mua,” mo e falu foki. (Ioane 1:19; 12:9) Ne fakamaama foki e Tahi i Kalilaia ke he higoa Roma, ko e Vai ko Tiperia. (6:1; 21:1) Ke lata ma lautolu ne nakai ko e tau Iutaia, ne talahau e Ioane e tau fakamaamaaga lagomatai hagaao ke he tau galue a Iutaia. (6:4; 7:2; 11:55) Ko e motu ne fakapaea a ia ki ai ko Patamo ne tata ki Efeso, ti ko e iloa mitaki e ia a Efeso, pihia mo e falu fakapotopotoaga i Asia Tote, kua fakakite he Fakakiteaga veveheaga 2 mo e 3.

⁷ Ne fakakite e tonutika he Evagelia a Ioane ha ko e tau menusikuripi aoga kua moua he senetenari ke 20 aki. Taha he tau mena nei ko e vala he Evagelia a Ioane ne moua i Aikupito, ne iloa mogonei ko e Papyrus Rylands 457 (P⁵²), ne ha ha e Ioane 18:31-33, 37, 38, ti kua puipui ke he Rylands Library, Manchester, i Igilani.b Ke fakamooli aki e manatu toka tuai ko Ioane e tagata tohia he matahiku he senetenari fakamua, ne talahau e Sir Frederic Kenyon he tohi haana The Bible and Modern Scholarship, 1949, lau 21: “Pete he tote, kua latatonu ni ke fakamooli ko e menusikuripi he Evagelia nei kua tufa fano ai, liga i Aikupito he matakavi ne moua ai, kavi he magahala T.I. (Tau he Iki) 130-150. Ka fakaatā taha magaaho tote ma e feutaaki he tohi nei mai he matakavi ne tohi ai, to liga liu muatua e magaaho ne tohi ai ke teitei tatai mo e magaaho tuai he hogofulu tau fakamui he senetenari fakamua, ti nakai fai kakano mogonei ke tuahā ke he mooli he manatu toka tuai.”

⁸ Ne ofoofogia e hafagiaga he Evagelia a Ioane, ne fakakite e Loko, ne “ha he Atua ke he kamataaga,” ko Ia ati eke e tau mena oti kana. (1:2) He mole e fakailoa e fakafetuiaga uho he Matua mo e Tama, ne kamata agataha a Ioane ke fakakite e pulotu lahi ke he tau gahua mo e tau lauga ha Iesu, mua atu mai he onoonoaga ke he fakaalofa tata ne pipi fakalataha e tau mena oti kana ke he fakaholoaga mua ue atu he Atua. Ko e tala nei ke he moui ha Iesu he lalolagi ne putoia e 29-33 V.N., ti kua mataala ke totoku e tau Paseka fā ne fina atu a Iesu ki ai he fekafekauaga haana, ti ko e taha anei he tau fakamooliaga ke he fekafekauaga ha Iesu ne tolu mo e hafa e tau. Tolu e Paseka nei ne totoku pihia. (2:13; 6:4; 12:1; 13:1) Taha he tau mena ia ne hagaao ki ai ko e “galue a Iutaia,” ka kua talahau hagaao ki ai he nakaila leva e pehē a Iesu “kua toe fa e mahina, ti hoko ai e heleheleaga saito,” ti fakakite ko e galue ia ko e Paseka ne taute he kamataaga he heleheleaga.—4:35; 5:1.c

⁹ Ko e tala mitaki he “evagelia a Ioane” kua laulahi ni ke lafilafi ki ai; ne 92 e pasene ko e tau tala foou ne nakai putoia he tau Evagelia tolu ne toe. Pete ia, ne fakahiku e Ioane ke he tau kupu nei: “Ko e falu a mena loga foki ne eke e Iesu; kaeke ke tohi . . . oti kana, kua manatu au nakai maeke he toka ai ke he lalolagi e tau tohi ia ka tohi.”—21:25.

KAKANO NE AOGA AI

³⁰ Ne malolō lahi e fakamooliaga ti fakaohooho lahi e ofania, ne fakakite mafanatia e Kupu ne kua eke mo Keriso, ko e tala mitaki ke he ‘evagelia a Ioane’ ne maeke ia tautolu ke onoono fakatata ke he tau kupu mo e tau gahua he Tama he Atua ne fakauku. Pete kua mukamuka e puhala tohi mo e tau kupu ha Ioane, ne fakamailoga a ia ko e tagata ‘nakai ako mo e goagoa,’ kua ha ha ai e malolō lahi he tau kupu haana. (Gahua 4:13) Ne tokoluganea e Evagelia haana he tala ke he fakaalofa tata he Matua mo e Tama, pihia ke he monuina mo e fakaalofa he fakafetuiaga ka moua he fakalataha mo laua. Ne mua atu e fakaaoga e Ioane e tau kupu “fakaalofa” mo e “ofania” ka fakatatai ke he tau Evagelia tolu ne toe pete ka lafi.

³¹ He kamataaga kua mua atu e lilifu he fakafetuiaga he Kupu mo e Atua ko e Matua! He fakaholoaga faka-Atua “kua faliu tino tagata e Loko, ne nofo foki a ia fakalataha mo tautolu, (ne kitekite a mautolu ke he hana lilifu; ko e lilifu haia he Tama fuataha he Matua,) kua puke ke he fakaalofa noa mo e fakamoli.” (Ioane 1:14) Ke he tohi katoa ha Ioane mogoia, ne peehi e Iesu e fakafetuiaga haana he omaoma katoatoa ke he finagalo he Matua. (4:34; 5:19, 30; 7:16; 10:29, 30; 11:41, 42; 12:27, 49, 50; 14:10) Ko e talahauaga haana ke he fakafetuiaga ofania nei kua hokotia ke he tapunu he lilifu lahi mahaki he liogi aamotia ne fakamau he Ioane veveheaga 17, ne tala age a Iesu ke he Matua haana kua fakaoti tuai e gahua ne tukuage e Ia ki a ia ke taute he lalolagi ti lafi: “Hanai foki, ma Matua na e, kia tuku mai a e koe kia au e fakahekeaga fakalataha mo koe, ko e fakahekeaga ne toka ia taua mo koe, ka e nakala eke e lalolagi.”—17:5.

³² Ka e kua e fakafetuiaga ha Iesu mo e tau tutaki haana? Ko e matagahua ha Iesu ko e halavaka hokoia ne puhala mai e tau monuina he Atua ki a lautolu nei mo e tau tagata oti ne kua matutaki ke kitia tumau. (14:13, 14; 15:16; 16:23, 24) Kua hagaao ki a ia ko e “Punua mamoe he Atua,” “ko e areto he moui,” “ko e maama he lalolagi,” “ko e leveki mamoe mitaki,” “ko e liu tu mai, mo e moui,” “ko e puhala, mo e kupu moli, mo e moui,” mo e “ko e vine moli.” (1:29; 6:35; 8:12; 10:11; 11:25; 14:6; 15:1) Ko e fakataiaga nei ke he “vine mo[o]li” ne fakailoa e Iesu e fakalatahaaga homo atu ne nakai ni he vahāloto he tau tutaki mooli haana mo ia ka e pihia foki mo e Matua. He fua loga mai, to fakaheke e lautolu e Matua haana. “Tuga ne Matua ne fakaalofa kia au, kua pihia haku a fakaalofa kia mutolu, kia tumau a mutolu ke he haku a fakaalofa,” he hataki e Iesu.—15:9.

³³ Ti kua fiafia ha ia he liogi a ia ki a Iehova ma lautolu nei, mo ‘lautolu foki ka tua kia ia ha ko e ha lautolu a kupu,’ ke taha mo e Matua haana mo ia, ne fakatapu he kupu mooli! E, ko e kakano he fekafekauaga katoa ha Iesu kua talahau homo ue atu he tau kupu fakahiku he liogi a ia ke he haana Matua: “Ne fakailoa atu foki e au hau a higoa kia lautolu, to fakailoa atu ai foki e au; kia nofo i loto kia lautolu e fakaalofa ne fakaalofa mai ai a koe kia au, ko au foki ha i loto ia lautolu.”—17:20, 26.

³⁴ Pete ko e toka fai e Iesu e tau tutaki haana he lalolagi, ne nakai toka e ia a lautolu ka e nakai fai lagomatai, ha ‘ko e agaaga he kupu moli.’ Lafi ki ai, ne age e ia ki a lautolu e hatakiaga he magaaho tonu ke he fakafetuiaga ha lautolu mo e lalolagi, he fakakite ki a lautolu e puhala ke kautū ko e “fanau he maama.” (14:16, 17; 3:19-21; 12:36) “Kaeke ke tumau fakaoti a mutolu ke he haku a kupu, ko e tau tutaki moli haku a mutolu,” he ui e Iesu, “to iloa foki e mutolu e mena moli, ko e mena moli foki ke toka noa ai a mutolu.” Ke he taha faahi, ne pehē a ia ke he fanau he pouli: ‘Ko mutolu, mai he matua ha mutolu ko e Tiapolo ti kua fia eke e mutolu e tau mena kua manako ki ai e matua ha mutolu. Ne nakai tumau ni a ia ke he mena moli, ha kua nakai tokai i loto ia ia e mena moli.’ Kia eketaha a tautolu mogoia ke tumau ke he mena mooli, e, ke “tapuaki a [t]autolu ke he Matua mo e agaga mo e fakamoli,” mo e fakamalolō mai he tau kupu ha Iesu: “Kia fakamanavalahi a mutolu, kua kautu au ke he lalolagi.”—8:31, 32, 44; 4:23; 16:33.

³⁵ Kua matutaki foki e tau mena oti nei ke he Kautu he Atua. Ne tala age fakamooli e Iesu he magaaho ne tu i mua he fakafiliaga: “Nakai ko e kautu he lalolagi nai haku a kautu; ane mai ko e kautu he lalolagi nai haku a kautu, po kua tau haku a tau fekafekau, neke tuku atu au ke he tau tagata Iutaia; ka ko e ainei nakai mai i hinai haku a kautu.” Ti he tali ke he hūhū ha Pilato, ne pehē a ia: “Haia ni, ko au ko e patuiki. Ko e mena hanai ne fanau mai ai au, mo e hau ai au ke he lalolagi, kia talahau e au e kupu moli. Ko lautolu oti kana ha ha he kupu moli, kua fanogonogo mai a lautolu ke he haku a leo.” (18:36, 37) Kua fiafia mooli a lautolu kua fanogonogo mo lautolu ne “liu foki fanau” ke “hao . . . ke he kautu he Atua” he fakalataha mo e Patuiki. Fiafia a lautolu ko e ‘tau mamoe kehe’ kua fanogonogo ke he leo he Patuiki-Leveki Mamoe nei ti moua e moui. Kua tupu mooli e fiafia ma e foakiaga he Evagelia a Ioane, ha kua tohi “kia talia ai e mutolu, ko Iesu, ko e Keriso ni haia, ko e Tama he Atua; kia moua ai foki e moui he hana higoa e mutolu kua talia ai.”—3:3, 5; 10:16; 20:31.

[Tau Matahui Tala]