Enye Ithorwana Yobufakazi

Bukhona na ubufakazi bezinto zakade ezivunjululiweko ezivumelana neBhayibheli? Ngo-2014, kumagazini othi, Biblical Archaeology Review kwaba nendatjana eyabuza ukuthi: “Bangaki abantu abasemiTlolweni yesiHebheru okutholakele ubufakazi bokuthi bakhe baphila?” Ipendulo yathi: “Bangaba ma-50!” Okukuphela komuntu ongazange abalwe esibalweneso nguTatenayi. Bekangubani uTatenayi? Akhesiqale indima ayidlalileko emlandweni weBhayibheli.

IJerusalema lakhe laba ngaphasi komBuso wePheresiya ebewumkhulu tle! Idorobhelo belisendaweni abantu bePheresiya ebebayibiza ngokuthi kungaPhetjheya komLambo, ngetjingalanga yeYufrathe. IPheresiya nayiqeda ukuhlula iBhabhiloni, yatjhaphulula amaJuda ebekathunjiwe, beyawavumela nokuthi avuselele ithempeli lakaJehova eJerusalema. (Ezra 1:1-4) Kodwana amanaba wamaJuda alwisana nomsebenzi loyo, abe asola nabantu bakaZimu labo ngokuthi baphambana nomthetho wePheresiya. (Ezra 4:4-16) Nakubusa uDariyasi I (522-486 B.C.E), isikhulu sePheresiya uTatenayi sayiqalisisa kuhle indaba leyo. EBhayibhelini waziwa ngokuthi mbusi “wesifunda sangetjingalanga yomlambo iYufrathe.”—Ezra 5:3-7.

Kunemiqebethu eminengi eyatholakala inebizo lakaTatenayi, begodu nje ibekwe neminye imiqebethu ebulungelweni. Okuhlobanisa imiqebethu leyo neBhayibheli, mtlolo wesivumelwano wango-502 B.C.E., unyaka wama-20 wokubusa kwakaDariyasi I. Umtlolo loyo uveza ubufakazi bokuthengiswa kwekhoboka ‘lombusi wesifunda sangaPhetjheya komLambo’—okunguye kanye uTatenayi okukhulunywa ngaye encwadini ka-Ezra eBhayibhelini.

UTatenayi wadlala yiphi-ke indima? Ngo-535 B.C.E., uKoretjhi omKhulu wahlela iingodi zakhe zaba ziimfunda, ebezibizwa ngokuthi “liBhabhiloni nangaPhetjheya komLambo.” Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi, isifundeso sahlukaniswa kabili, esinye kwaba liBhabhiloni, esinye sabizwa ngokuthi kungaPhetjheya komLambo. Besakhiwa yiSiriya Coele, iFunisiya, iSamariya kunye nakwaJuda begodu besibuswa yiDamaseku. UTatenayi wabusa isifundeso kusukela ngo-520 bekwaba ngu-502 B.C.E.

Nakabuya ukuyokuphenyisisa ngebatjho yokuthi amaJuda ayahlubuka eJerusalema, uTatenayi wabikela uDariyasi ukuthi amaJuda athi imvumo yokuvuselela ithempeli lakaJehova ayithole kuKoretjhi. Nombiko ebewusebulungelweni lebukhosini wakuqinisekisa lokho. (Ezra 5:6, 7, 11-13; 6:1-3) Yeke uTatenayi watjelwa ukuthi angayingeni indaba leyo, nangambala wenza njalo.—Ezra 6:6, 7, 13.

Nasesifuna ukuqiniseka kuhle, uTatenayi “umbusi wesifunda sangaPhetjheya komLambo,” akusi kunengi kangako akwenzile emlandweni. Kodwana tjheja ukuthi ibizo lakhe liyavela emiTlolweni begodu uvezwe njengomuntu owenze okuhle. Iqiniswelo lisinikela obunye ubufakazi bezinto ezivunjululiweko ezivumelana nomlando weBhayibheli nokunemba kwalo.