Umboni wa Ulemerero wa Solomo
MOGWIRIZANA ndi kuŵerengera kwa Baibulo, Mfumu Solomo analamulira Israyeli kuchokera mu 1037 B.C.E. mpaka 998 B.C.E. Mosangalatsa, bukhu lakuti The Archaeology of the Land of Israel, lolembedwa ndi Profesa Yohanan Aharoni, limavumbula mmene kusintha kwa kupita patsogolo m’kutsungula kwa Israyeli kunachitikira “pafupifupi 1000 B.C.E.”
Chitsanzo chimodzi choperekedwa ndi Aharoni chiri umboni wa malinga olimba a mzinda omangidwa ndi miyala yaikulu “yodulidwa bwino, kukhala njerwa zazitali, zoikidwa pamodzi mwakuzipanikiza.” Mosiyanako, m’maiko oyandikana ndi Israyeli, mbali zina za malinga a mzinda “zinapangidwa ndi njerwa ndi matabwa.”
Ndiponso, mizinda yomangidwa pafupi ndi nthaŵi ya Solomo imapereka umboni wa makonzedwe osamalitsa, okhala ndi mizere yaudongo ya nyumba ndi makwalala okonzedwa mosamalitsa. Aharoni akusanthula mabwinja a “matauni anayi mu Yuda omangidwa mogwirizana ndi makonzedwe a kumanga ofananawo . . . Beereseba, Tell Beit Mirsim, Beti-Semesi, ndi Mizipa.” Ichi chimasiyana motani nanga ndi maziko ena aakulu a kutsungula—mzinda woyambirira wa Uri wa ku Mesopotamiya! Ponena za uwo, Bwana Leonard Woolley analemba motere: “Tauniyo inali yosakonzedwa bwino . . . Makwalala osalimidwa, ambiri okhotakhota moipa . . . anali osokoneza kwakuti kunali kothekera kwa munthu kusoŵa.”
Aharoni akuthiriranso ndemanga pa kuwongokera m’zinthu za m’nyumba m’nthaŵi ya kulamulira kwa Solomo. “Kusintha kwa chuma chakuthupicho . . . nkowonekera osati m’zinthu zosangulutsa zokha komanso makamaka m’zoumba . . . Mtundu wa mbiya ndi kaotchedwe kake unawongokera modabwitsa . . . Mwadzidzidzi munali kupita patsogolo kolemerera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu za m’nyumba.”
Mbali yaulemerero koposa ya kulamulira kwa Solomo inali kachisi yaikulu, nyumba yachifumu, ndi nyumba zaboma m’Yerusalemu. Unyinji waukulu wa golidi unagwiritsiridwa ntchito kukometsera nyumbazo. (1 Mafumu 7:47-51; 10:14-22) Zaka zisanu pambuyo pa imfa ya Solomo, Farao Sisaki wa ku Igupto anadza nadzafunkha chuma cha Yerusalemu.—1 Mafumu 14:25, 26.
M’ponse paŵiri Igupto ndi Palestina, mawu ozokotedwa m’zofukulidwa pansi amatsimikizira kuti Sisaki anagonjetsadi Israyeli. Kwenikweni, akatswiri a mbiri yakale ambiri amavomereza kuti kufunkha kwa Yerusalemu kochitidwa ndi Sisaki kunatukula chuma cha Igupto chofookacho ndipo kunatheketsa Sisaki kulipirira kuwonjezera kachisi yaikulu ya mu Igupto pamene analemba kugonjetsa kwake, monga momwe kukuwonedwera pa tsamba lino. Sisaki anamwalira mwamsanga pambuyo pake, ndipo mawu ena ozokotedwa amanena kuti mwana wake anapereka pafupifupi matani 200 a golidi ndi siliva ku akachisi a mu Igupto. Mawu ozokotedwawo samavumbula maziko a chumachi, koma katswiri wa zofukulidwa pansi Alan Millard, m’bukhu lake lakuti Treasures From Bible Times, akunena kuti “zambiri za icho zinali golidi imene Sisaki anaitenga m’Kachisi wa Solomo ndi nyumba yachifumu m’Yerusalemu.”
Nkosadabwitsa kuti ngakhale magwero a kusakhulupirira mwa Mulungu amavomereza zenizeni za kulamulira kwa ulemerero kwa Solomo! Bol’shaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia (Bukhu Lanazonse Lalikulu la Soviet), pansi pa mutu wake wakuti “Solomo,” limamutcha “wolamuliwa wa ufumu wa Israyeli ndi Yuda,” likumawonjezera kuti iye analamulira mkati mwa “kukhupuka kwa ufumuwo.”