Ikigabane ca 6

Ibanga ryeranda rihishurwa

1. Ibintu bitangaje bivugwa mu Vyahishuwe 1:10-17 bikwiye gutuma dukora iki?

EMWE, iryo hishurwa rya Yezu yaninahajwe rirateye ubwoba koko! Ata gukeka, iyo tuza kuba turi kumwe n’intumwa Yohani, na twebwe twari kurengerwa n’ubwo buninahazwa bwakaka, tugakubita inkoro hasi nk’uko yabigize. (Ivyahishuwe 1:10-17) Iryo yerekwa ntangere ryahumetswe n’Imana ryarazigamwe kugira rituremeshe muri iki gihe. Cokimwe na Yohani, turakwiye gukenguruka twicishije bugufi ibintu vyose iryo yerekwa rigereranya. Ese twokwama twubaha bimwe bigera kure ikibanza Yezu afise bwa Mwami yimitswe, akaba n’Umuherezi Mukuru be n’Umucamanza.—Abafilipi 2:5-11.​

“Uwa Mbere n’uwa Nyuma”

2. (a) Yezu yidondora gute? (b) Igihe Yehova avuga ngo: “Ndi uwa mbere kandi ndi uwa nyuma,” aba ashaka kuvuga iki? (c) Kuba Yezu yitwa “uwa Mbere n’uwa Nyuma” bishimika ku ki?

² Ariko rero, ntidukwiye gutekerwa n’ubwoba. Yezu yarahumurije Yohani, nk’uko iyo ntumwa ibandanya ivyigana iti: “Maze anshirako ukuboko kwiwe kw’ukuryo, avuga ati: ‘Ntutinye. Ndi uwa Mbere n’uwa Nyuma, n’umwe ari muzima.’” (Ivyahishuwe 1:17b, 18a) Muri Yesaya 44:6, Yehova aridondora mu buryo bubereye ko ari we Mana yonyene mushoboravyose, ati: “Ndi uwa mbere kandi ndi uwa nyuma, kandi uretse jewe nta Mana iriho.”a Igihe Yezu avuga ko ari “uwa Mbere n’uwa Nyuma,” ntaba ariko avuga ko angana na Yehova, wa Muremyi Ahambaye. Aba ariko akoresha izina yahawe n’Imana mu buryo bubereye. Muri Yesaya, Yehova yariko avuga ibijanye n’uko ari we Mana yonyene y’ukuri. Ni Imana ihoraho, kandi uretse we, nta yindi Mana iriho vy’ukuri. (1 Timoteyo 1:17) Mu Vyahishuwe, Yezu ariko avuga ibijanye n’izina yahawe, mu gushimika kw’izuka ryiwe ridasanzwe.

3. (a) Ni mu buryo ki Yezu yabaye “uwa Mbere n’uwa Nyuma”? (b) Kuba Yezu afise “impfunguruzo z’urupfu n’iz’ukuzimu” bisobanura iki?

³ Yezu vy’ukuri ni we yabaye umuntu “wa Mbere” yazuwe maze agahabwa ubuzima bw’impwemu budapfa. (Abakolosayi 1:18) Vyongeye, ni we yabaye “uwa Nyuma” yazuwe na Yehova ubwiwe muri ubwo buryo. Gutyo, yaciye aba “umwe ari muzima . . . ibihe bitazoshira.” Afise ukudapfa. Muri ubwo buryo, ameze nka Se wiwe adapfa, uwitwa “Imana nzima.” (Ivyahishuwe 7:2; Zaburi 42:2) Ku bandi bantu bose basigaye, Yezu ni we “zuka n’ubuzima.” (Yohani 11:25) Ni co gituma abwira Yohani ati: “Narapfuye, mugabo, ehe ndi muzima ibihe bitazoshira, kandi mfise impfunguruzo z’urupfu n’iz’ukuzimu.” (Ivyahishuwe 1:18b) Yehova yaramuhaye ububasha bwo kuzura abapfuye. Ni co gituma Yezu ashobora kuvuga ko afise impfunguruzo zo kwugururira abari mu mvuto z’urupfu.—Gereranya na Matayo 16:18.

4. Ni itegeko irihe Yezu asubiramwo, kandi ni bande baryungukirako?

⁴ Yezu arasubira agategeka Yohani ngo yandike ivyo yerekwa, ati: “Andika . . . ivyo wabonye, n’ibiriho be n’ibizoba inyuma y’ibi.” (Ivyahishuwe 1:19) None ni ibindi bintu ibihe bishimishije Yohani aza kutumenyesha?

Inyenyeri n’ibitereko vy’amatara

5. Yezu asigura gute za “nyenyeri indwi” na vya “bitereko vy’amatara indwi”?

⁵ Yohani yari yabonye Yezu ari hagati y’ibitereko vy’amatara indwi vy’inzahabu afise inyenyeri indwi mu kuboko kw’ukuryo. (Ivyahishuwe 1:12, 13, 16) Ubu rero Yezu aca asigura ati: “Ku vyerekeye ibanga ryeranda ry’inyenyeri indwi wabonye mu kuboko kwanje kw’ukuryo, n’irya vya bitereko vy’amatara indwi vy’inzahabu: Zirya nyenyeri indwi zigereranya abamarayika ba ya mashengero indwi, birya bitereko vy’amatara indwi na vyo bikagereranya amashengero indwi.”—Ivyahishuwe 1:20.

6. Za nyenyeri indwi zigereranya bande, kandi kubera iki ari bo bashikirizwa ubwo butumwa?

⁶ Izo “nyenyeri” ni “abamarayika ba ya mashengero indwi.” Mu Vyahishuwe, rimwe na rimwe inyenyeri zigereranya abamarayika. Ariko rero, Yezu ntiyari gukoresha umuntu buntu kugira yandikire ibiremwa vy’impwemu bitaboneka. Izo “nyenyeri” rero zitegerezwa kuba ari abacungezi canke abakurambere bo mu mashengero, bano bakaba ari nk’intumwa za Yezu.b Ubwo butumwa bushikirizwa izo nyenyeri, kuko ari bo bahagarikiye ubusho bwa Yehova.—Ivyakozwe 20:28

7. (a) Ni igiki cerekana ko kuba Yezu abwira umumarayika umwe gusa muri buri shengero bidasigura ko buri shengero rifise umukurambere umwe gusa? (b) Za nyenyeri indwi ziri mu kuboko kwa Yezu kw’ukuryo zigereranya bande?

⁷ Ko Yezu abwira “umumarayika” umwe gusa muri buri shengero, vyoba bisobanura ko buri shengero rifise umukurambere umwe gusa? Oya. No mu gihe ca Paulo, ishengero ry’i Efeso ryari rifise abakurambere batari bake. (Ivyahishuwe 2:1; Ivyakozwe 20:17) Mu gihe ca Yohani rero, igihe za nyenyeri indwi zarungikirwa ubutumwa kugira busomerwe amashengero (harimwo n’iry’i Efeso), izo nyenyeri zitegerezwa kuba zagereranya abari bagize inama z’abakurambere bose zo mw’ishengero rya Yehova ry’abarobanuwe. No muri iki gihe abacungezi barasomera amashengero amakete avuye ku Nama Nyobozi igizwe n’abacungezi barobanuwe bakora bahagarikiwe na Yezu. Mw’ishengero rimwerimwe ryose, inama y’abakurambere iraraba neza ko impanuro Yezu atanga zikurikizwa. Ariko ntiwumve, izo mpanuro ntizifasha abakurambere gusa, zifasha abagize ishengero bose.—Raba Ivyahishuwe 2:11a.

8. Kuba abakurambere bari mu kuboko kwa Yezu kw’ukuryo, bisobanura iki?

⁸ Kubera ko Yezu ari we Mutwe w’ishengero, birabereye ko abo bakurambere berekanwa bari mu kuboko kwiwe kw’ukuryo, ni ukuvuga ko ari we abacungera akongera akabayobora. (Abakolosayi 1:18) Ni we Mwungere Mukuru, na bo bakaba abungere batobato.—1 Petero 5:2-4.

9. (a) Vya bitereko vy’amatara indwi bigereranya iki, kandi ni kubera iki bibereye? (b) Iryo yerekwa rishobora kuba ryibukije iki intumwa Yohani?

⁹ Vya bitereko indwi vy’amatara ni ya mashengero indwi Yohani yandikira igitabu c’Ivyahishuwe, ari yo Efeso, Simuruna, Perugamo, Tiyatira, Sarudi, Filadelufiya na Lawodiseya. Ni kubera iki amashengero agereranywa n’ibitereko vy’amatara? Ni kubera ko abakirisu, umwumwe canke uko bagize amashengero, babwirizwa ‘kureka umuco wabo ukakira imbere y’abantu’ muri ino si y’umwiza. (Matayo 5:14-16) Bisubiye, ibitereko vy’amatara vyari bimwe mu bikoresho vyo mu rusengero rwa Salomo. Kubona amashengero yiswe ibitereko vy’amatara, vyokwibukije Yohani ko mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, buri shengero ry’abarobanuwe ari “urusengero rw’Imana,” ahantu impwemu y’Imana iba. (1 Abakorinto 3:16) Vyongeye, mu rusengero rugereranywa na rumwe rw’Abayuda, ishengero ry’abarobanuwe rigize “ubuherezi bwa cami” mu rusengero rwa Yehova ruhambaye rwo mu buryo bw’impwemu, aho Yezu ari Umuherezi Mukuru akaba ari na ho Yehova ubwiwe aba, Aheranda Rwose ho mw’ijuru.—1 Petero 2:4, 5, 9; Abaheburayo 3:1; 6:20; 9:9-14, 24.

Ubuhuni bukomeye

10. Mu 70 G.C., ni ibiki vyashikiye idini ry’Abayuda n’abanywanyi baryo batigaya?

¹⁰ Igihe Yohani yandika Ivyahishuwe, ubukirisu bwari bumaze imyaka irenga 60. Mu myaka 40 ya mbere, idini ry’Abayuda ryagumye riburwanya. Ariko rero, idini ry’Abayuda ryariboneyeko mu 70 G.C., igihe Abayuda batigaya batakaza akaranga kabo be n’urusengero rw’i Yeruzalemu bafata nk’ikigirwamana.

11. Kubera iki vyari bibereye cane ko wa Mwungere Mukuru agabisha amashengero ku gatima kariko karatsimbatara?

¹¹ Ariko rero, intumwa Paulo yari yaravuze ko hokwadutse ubuhuni mu bakirisu barobanuwe, kandi ubutumwa bwa Yezu burerekana ko igihe Yohani yari ageze mu zabukuru ubwo buhuni bwari bumaze gutangura. Yohani yari uwa nyuma mu babereye intambamyi utwigoro Shetani yagira akobeje ngo yonone uruvyaro rwa wa mugore. (2 Abatesalonika 2:3-12; 2 Petero 2:1-3; 2 Yohani 7-11) Vyari bibereye rero ko wa Mwungere Mukuru wa Yehova yandikira abakurambere bo mu mashengero kugira abagabishe ku gatima kariko karatsimbatara no kugira aremeshe abafise imitima igororotse ngo bashigikire ubugororotsi bashikamye.

12. (a) Ubuhuni bwakwiragiye gute mu binjana vyakurikiye urupfu rwa Yohani? (b) Idini ry’abiyita abakirisu ryatanguye gute?

¹² Ntituzi ingene ayo mashengero yakiriye ubutumwa bwa Yezu mu 96 G.C. Mugabo turazi ko Yohani amaze gupfa, ubuhuni bwakwiragiye ningoga. Abiyita abakirisu barahevye gukoresha izina Yehova, barisubiriza “Umukama” canke “Imana” muri Bibiliya zabo. Mu kinjana ca kane, inyigisho y’ikinyoma y’Ubutatu yari imaze kunyengetera mu mashengero. Muri ico kiringo nyene, inyigisho y’uko umuntu afise umutima w’ubwenge udapfa yaratanguye kwemerwa. Amaherezo, Umwami w’abami w’Umuroma Konsitantino yaremeye ko idini ry’abiyita abakirisu riba idini rya leta, ivyo bikaba vyatumye idini na leta bimara imyaka igihumbi bifadikanije gutegeka. Ubukirisu bushasha bwari bwadutse. Abantu bo mu moko atandukanye barahinduye inyigisho zabo za gipagani kugira zihuze n’iryo dini rishasha. Indongozi nyinshi z’idini ry’abiyita abakirisu zarinjiye muri politike ziratwaza igikenye, zikemeza abantu inyigisho z’ubuhuni ku nguvu.

13. Naho Yezu yatanze imburi ku bijanye no kwicamwo imice, abakirisu b’abahuni bakoze iki?

¹³ Abakirisu b’abahuni barirengagije buhere amajambo Yezu yabwiye ya mashengero indwi. Yezu yari yaraburiye Abanyefeso ngo bavyure urukundo bari bafise ubwa mbere. (Ivyahishuwe 2:4) Ariko rero, kubera ko abiyita abakirisu batari bagikunda Yehova, bararwanye intambara zikaze bongera barahamana bimwe bibi. (1 Yohani 4:20) Yezu yari yaraburiye ishengero ry’i Perugamo ku bijanye no kwicamwo imice. Ariko rero, mu kinjana ca kabiri haradutse utudumbi tw’amadini, kandi muri iki gihe abiyita abakirisu bagizwe n’utudumbidumbi be n’amadini ibihumbi bidacana uwaka.—Ivyahishuwe 2:15.

14. (a) Naho Yezu yagabishije ku bijanye n’urupfu rwo mu vy’impwemu, abiyita abakirisu bakoze iki? (b) Ni mu buryo ubuhe abiyita abakirisu batakurikije ingabisho Yezu yatanze ijanye n’ugusenga ibigirwamana be n’ubuhumbu?

¹⁴ Yezu yari yaraburiye ishengero ry’i Sarudi ku bijanye n’urupfu rwo mu vy’impwemu. (Ivyahishuwe 3:1) Nk’uko kw’abo bantu b’i Sarudi, abiyita abakirisu ntibatevye kwibagira ibikorwa vya gikirisu maze ca gikorwa gihambaye co kwamamaza baca bagihebera umugwi mutoyi w’abakuru b’idini bahembwa. Yezu yari yaraburiye ishengero ry’i Tiyatira ku bijanye n’ugusenga ibigirwamana be n’ubusambanyi. (Ivyahishuwe 2:20) Ariko rero, abiyita abakirisu barashigikiye icese ikoreshwa ry’ibishushanyo hamwe n’ikwiragizwa ry’uburyo bwihishije bwo gusenga ibigirwamana, nko kwiratira igihugu no guhahamira amaronko. Vyongeye, naho rimwe na rimwe bigisha ko ubuhumbu ari bubi, akenshi bamye baburenzako uruho rw’amazi.

15. Amajambo Yezu yabwiye ya mashengero indwi yerekana iki ku bijanye n’amadini y’abiyita abakirisu, kandi abakuru bayo bagaragaye ko ari iki?

¹⁵ Ku bw’ivyo, amajambo Yezu yabwiye ya mashengero indwi arerekana ko abo mu madini yose y’abiyita abakirisu batashoboye na gato kuba abagize igisata kidasanzwe ca Yehova. Nkako, abakuru b’idini ry’abiyita abakirisu ni bo bantu nyamukuru mu bagize rwa ruvyaro rwa Shetani. Intumwa Paulo abita ‘abagarariji,’ kandi yavuze ko “ukuhaba [kwabo] kwisunga ikora rya Shetani riri kumwe n’ibikorwa vy’ububasha vyose n’ibimenyetso be n’ibitangaza vy’ububeshi be n’uruhendo rwose.”—2 Abatesalonika 2:9, 10.

16. (a) Ni bande abakuru b’abiyita abakirisu berekanye ko banka urunuka? (b) Muri ca kiringo co hagati y’ikinjana ca 6 n’ica 16, ni ibiki abiyita abakirisu bakoze? (c) Bwa bugarariji bw’abaporoti bwoba bwaratumye abiyita abakirisu baheba ubuhuni?

¹⁶ Naho abakuru b’abiyita abakirisu, baba abo mu vy’idini canke abo mu vy’intwaro, bavuga ko ari abungere b’ubusho bw’Imana, barerekanye ko banka urunuka umuntu wese agerageza kuremesha abandi gusoma Bibiliya canke yiyamiriza imigenzo yabo iteye kubiri na Bibiliya. Uwitwa John Hus be n’umuhinduzi wa Bibiliya yitwa William Tyndale barahamwe maze baricwa rumaratiri. Muri ca kiringo c’umwiza co hagati y’ikinjana ca 6 n’ica 16, ubutegetsi bw’abahuni bwaratsimbataye kubera ya Sentare ya Gatolika yarangwa n’ububisha. Uwo wese ahakanye inyigisho za Ekleziya canke ubukuru bwayo yaca yicwa ata kinya, kandi abantu ibihumbi bagirizwa ngo ni abahakanyi baratuririwe ku giti canke barasinzikarizwa ubuzima gushika bapfuye. Gutyo, Shetani yaragerageje kuraba neza ko umuntu wese wo mu ruvyaro nyakuri rwa rya shirahamwe ry’Imana rimeze nk’umugore, afyonyorwa bidatevye. Igihe abaporoti batangura kugarariza (kuva mu 1517), amadini menshi y’abaporoti yaragaragaje agatima nk’ako nyene ko kutihanganira abandi. Na bo nyene baragiriwe n’amaraso mu kwica abagerageje kuba intahemuka ku Mana na Kristu. Vy’ukuri, barasheshe “amaraso y’aberanda” barimogoza!—Ivyahishuwe 16:6; gereranya na Matayo 23:33-36.

Rwa Ruvyaro rwumirako

17. (a) Yezu yari yavuze iki muri wa mugani wiwe w’ingano n’icatsi kibi? (b) Ni igiki cabaye mu 1918, kandi hiyamirijwe bande maze hagenwa nde?

¹⁷ Muri wa mugani wa Yezu w’ingano n’icatsi kibi, yaravuze ko hobayeho ikiringo c’umwiza aho abiyita abakirisu bobaye bica bagakiza. Ariko rero, muri ivyo binjana vyose vy’ubuhuni, hobayeho abakirisu b’ukuri barobanuwe bogereranywa n’ingano. (Matayo 13:24-29, 36-43) Ku bw’ivyo, igihe umusi w’Umukama watangura muri Gitugutu 1914, kw’isi hari hakiriho abakirisu b’ukuri. (Ivyahishuwe 1:10) Biboneka ko Yehova yaje guca urubanza mu rusengero rwiwe rwo mu buryo bw’impwemu mu 1918 haciye imyaka itatu n’igice inyuma y’aho, ari kumwe na Yezu “intumwa [yiwe] y’isezerano.” (Malaki 3:1; Matayo 13:47-50) Hari hageze ko uwo Databuja yiyamiriza abakirisu b’ikinyoma maze akagena ‘umushumba w’umwizigirwa kandi w’ubwenge ku vyo atunze vyose.’—Matayo 7:22, 23; 24:45-47.

18. Ni “isaha” iyihe yashitse mu 1914, kandi hari hageze ko wa mushumba akora iki?

¹⁸ Hari hageze kandi ko uwo mushumba yitwararika bidasanzwe ivyanditswe mu butumwa Yezu yarungikiye ya mashengero indwi. Nk’akarorero, Yezu aravuga ko agira aze gucira urubanza amashengero, urwo rubanza rukaba rwatanguye mu 1918. (Ivyahishuwe 2:5, 16, 22, 23; 3:3) Aravuga ko azokingira ishengero ry’i Filadelufiya “isaha y’ukugeragezwa, iyibwirizwa kuza kw’isi yose.” (Ivyahishuwe 3:10, 11) Iyo “saha y’ukugeragezwa” yashitse igihe umusi w’Umukama watangura mu 1914, inyuma y’aho abakirisu bakaba barageragejwe kugira biboneke ko ari intahemuka ku Bwami bw’Imana bwari bwashinzwe.—Gereranya na Matayo 24:3, 9-13.

19. (a) Ya mashengero indwi agereranya iki muri iki gihe? (b) Ni bande bifatanije ku bwinshi n’abakirisu barobanuwe, kandi ni kubera iki impanuro za Yezu be n’ivyo yasanze muri ayo mashengero bibaraba na bo nyene? (c) Dukwiye kwakira gute ubutumwa Yezu yarungikiye ya mashengero indwi yo mu kinjana ca mbere?

¹⁹ Ku bw’ivyo, amajambo Yezu yabwiye ayo mashengero yatanguye kuranguka canecane kuva mu 1914. Ayo mashengero indwi rero agereranya amashengero yose y’abakirisu barobanuwe ariho mu gihe c’umusi w’Umukama. Vyongeye, mu myaka 70 iheze n’inyuma yaho, abantu benshi cane bafise icizigiro co kuba kw’isi y’iparadizo ibihe bidahera barifatanije n’abakirisu barobanuwe bagereranywa na Yohani. Impanuro za Yezu Kristu uwaninahajwe be n’ingene yasanze ya mashengero indwi yifashe igihe yaza kuyasuzuma biraraba n’abo bantu kubera ko abasavyi ba Yehova bose bisunga ingingo ngenderwako zimwe zerekeye ubugororotsi n’ukudahemuka. (Kuvayo 12:49; Abakolosayi 3:11) Gutyo rero, ubutumwa Yezu yarungikiye amashengero indwi yo mu kinjana ca mbere yo muri Aziya Ntoyi si inkuru za kahise gusa. Burashobora gutuma umwe wese muri twebwe aronka ubuzima canke akabubura. Nimuze rero dutege yompi amajambo Yezu avuga.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Uruzitiro ku rup. 32]

Igihe co gusuzumwa no gucirwa urubanza

Nko muri Gitugutu 29 G.C., Yezu yarabatijwe yongera ararobanurwa ku Ruzi Yorodani kugira azobe Umwami. Haciye imyaka itatu n’igice, ni ukuvuga mu 33 G.C., yaraje ku rusengero i Yeruzalemu ahindira hanze abariko barugira isenga ry’abambuzi. Biboneka ko ico kiringo gifitaniye isano n’imyaka itatu n’igice yahaciye kuva Yezu yimitswe mw’ijuru muri Gitugutu 1914 gushika aje gusuzuma abavuga ko ari abakirisu igihe urubanza rwatangurira ku nzu y’Imana. (Matayo 21:12, 13; 1 Petero 4:17) Mu ntango z’umwaka wa 1918, igikorwa c’Ubwami abasavyi ba Yehova bakora cararwanijwe cane. Cari igihe co gusuzumwa kw’isi yose, kandi abanyabwoba baragosowe nk’umuguruka. Muri Rusama 1918, abakuru b’idini ry’abiyita abakirisu baratumye abahagarikiye Ishirahamwe Watch Tower bapfungwa, ariko haciye amezi icenda bararekuwe. Mu nyuma barambitswe izera. Kuva mu 1919, ishirahamwe ry’abasavyi b’Imana, iryari rimaze gusuzumwa no gutyororwa, ryaramamaje n’umwete mwinshi ko Ubwami bwa Yehova burongowe na Kristu Yezu ari co cizigiro c’umuryango w’abantu.—Malaki 3:1-3.

Igihe Yezu yatangura isuzuma ryiwe mu 1918, nta gukeka ko abakuru b’idini ry’abiyita abakirisu baciriwe rubi. Uretse ko bari barahamye abasavyi b’Imana, baragirwa kandi n’amaraso menshi kuko bashigikiye ibihugu vyatanye mu mitwe muri ya Ntambara ya mbere y’isi yose. (Ivyahishuwe 18:21, 24) Abo bakuru b’idini baciye bizigira wa Muhari w’amahanga washinzwe n’abantu. Mu 1919, abiyita abakirisu be n’inganji y’isi yose y’idini ry’ikinyoma vyari vyamaze gutakaza burundu ubutoni ku Mana.

[Ikarata ku rup. 28, 29]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu)

EFESO

SIMURUNA

PERUGAMO

TIYATIRA

SARUDI

FILADELUFIYA

LAWODISEYA

[Amafoto ku rup. 31]

Amadini y’abiyita abakirisu aragirwa n’amaraso menshi kuko yahamye yongera arica abahinduye Bibiliya, abayisoma canke abayitunze