Ico Bibiliya Ivuga ku Bugingo

“Wa muntu arahava aba ubugingo buzima.”—ITANGURIRO 2:7, NW.

1. Ni igiki dukeneye kwihweza kugira ngo tumenye ico Bibiliya yigisha ku vyerekeye ubugingo?

NK’UKO twabibonye, ivyo abantu bemera ku vyerekeye ubugingo ni vyinshi kandi biri kwinshi. No mu bavuga ko ivyo bemera bishingiye kuri Bibiliya, usanga hari ivyiyumviro bidahuza ku vyerekeye ubugingo ico ari co hamwe n’ukuntu bigenda iyo dupfuye. Ariko mu vy’ukuri, Bibiliya yigisha iki ku vyerekeye ubugingo? Kugira ngo tubitore, turakeneye kwihweza insobanuro z’amajambo y’Igiheburayo n’Ikigiriki ahindurwa ngo “ubugingo” muri Bibiliya.

“Ubugingo” nk’Ikiremwa Kizima

2, 3. (a) Ni ijambo irihe ryahinduwe ngo “ubugingo” mu Vyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo, kandi insobanuro y’ishimikiro y’iryo jambo ni iyihe? (b) Itanguriro 2:7 hemeza gute yuko ijambo “ubugingo” rishobora kuvuga umuntu wese uko ari?

² Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo ryahinduwe ngo “ubugingo” ni neʹphesh, rikaba riza incuro 754 mu Vyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo (ibikunda kwitwa Isezerano rya Kera). None neʹphesh risobanura iki? Nk’uko bivugwa n’igitabu nyizamvugo The Dictionary of Bible and Religion, “ubusanzwe ryerekeza ku kiremwa cose uko kiri, ku muntu wese uko ari.”

³ Nk’akarorero, mw’⁠Itanguriro 2:7 havuga hati: “Uhoraho Imana abumba umuntu mu mukungugu wo hasi, amuhumekera mu mazuru impwemu y’[ubuzima, wa muntu arahava aba ubugingo buzima, NW].” Urabona ko Adamu atari afise ubugingo; yari ubugingo—nka kurya nyene kw’umuntu acitse umuganga aba ari umuganga. Ijambo “ubugingo” rero rishobora kuvuga umuntu wese uko ari.

4, 5. (a) Tanga uturorero twerekana yuko ijambo “ubugingo” ryerekeza ku muntu wese uko ari. (b) Igitabu nyizamvugo The Dictionary of Bible and Religion gishigikira gute intahuro y’uko umuntu ari ubugingo?

⁴ Iyo ntahuro irashigikiwe mu Vyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo vyose, aho dusanga imvugo nk’izi ngo “umuntu [ubugingo, NW] . . . agaheza agakora icaha” (Abalewi 5:1), “Nihagira ubugingo bukora igikorwa na kimwe” (Abalewi 23:30, NW), “nihagira umuntu afatwa anyuruza ubugingo” (Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 24:7, NW), “ubugingo bwiwe bibunanira kwihangana” (Abacamanza 16:16, NW), “muzogeza hehe kubabaza umutima wanje [“ubugingo bwanje,” NW]?” (Yobu 19:2), n’iyi ngo “[ubugingo bwanje, NW] [b]ushongeshejwe n’umubabaro.”—Zaburi 119:28.

⁵ Muri ivyo bisomwa nta cerekana ko ubugingo ari ikintu kinaka c’igitutu kibandanya kubaho iyo umuntu apfuye. Ca gitabu The Dictionary of Bible and Religion kivuga giti: “Tuvuze mu majambo yacu yuko ‘ubugingo’ bw’uwo twakunda bwagiye kubana n’Umukama canke tukavuga ivy’ ‘ubugingo budahwera,’ vyoba gusa ari ibidatahurika turavye ivyemerwa n’abo mw’[Isezerano rya Kera].”

6, 7. Ni ijambo irihe ryahinduwe ngo “ubugingo” mu Vyanditswe vy’Ikigiriki vya Gikirisu, kandi ni iyihe nsobanuro y’ishimikiro iryo jambo rifise?

⁶ Ijambo rihinduwe ngo “ubugingo” incuro zirenga ijana mu Vyanditswe vy’Ikigiriki vya Gikirisu (ibikunda kwitwa Isezerano Risha) ni psy·kheʹ. Cokimwe na neʹphesh, iryo jambo kenshi ryerekeza ku muntu wese uko ari. Nk’akarorero, rimbura amungane akurikira: “Ubugingo bwanje buradugaraye.” (Yohana 12:27, NW) “Ubugingo bwose buterwa n’ubwoba.” (Ivyakozwe 2:43, NW) “Ubugingo bwose nibugamburukire abakuru.” (Abaroma 13:1, NW) “Muremeshe ubugingo budendebutse.” (1 Ab’i Tesalonike 5:14, NW) “Hārokokeye abantu bakeya, bashika [“ubugingo,” NW] umunani, bākirijwe mu mazi.”—1 Petero 3:20.

⁷ Ijambo psy·kheʹ, cokimwe na neʹphesh, biragaragara ko ryerekeza ku muntu wese uko ari. Nk’uko bivugwa n’incabwenge imwe Nigel Turner, iryo jambo “risigura igifise ibikiranga ko ari umuntu, umuntu we ubwiwe, umubiri w’inyama ufise rûaḥ [impwemu] Imana yawuhumekeyemwo. . . . Igishimikirwako ni umuntu ubwiwe wese uko ari.”

8. Mbega ibikoko vyoba ari ubugingo? Sigura.

⁸ Muri Bibiliya ijambo “ubugingo” ntirikora gusa ku bantu, rirakoreshwa no ku bikoko. Nk’akarorero, mu kudondora ukugene ibiremwa vyo mu mazi vyaremwe, Itanguriro 1:20 havuga yuko Imana yategetse iti: “Mu mazi ni hasegenyuke isegenya ry’[ubugingo buzima, NW].” Ku musi w’irema ukurikira na ho, Imana yavuze iti: ‘Isi n’izane [ubugingo buzima, NW], nk’ukw amoko ya[bwo] ari: ibitungano n’ivyikwega hasi n’ibikōko vyo mw isi, nk’ukw amoko yavyo ari.’ (Itanguriro 1:24; gereranya no muri Guharūra 31:28.) Ni co gituma ijambo “ubugingo” rishobora kwerekeza ku kiremwa kizima, yaba umuntu canke igikoko.

“Ubugingo” nk’Ubuzima bw’Ikiremwa

9. (a) Ni iyindi nsobanuro iyihe ijambo “ubugingo” rishobora guhabwa? (b) Ivyo none vyoba birwanya iciyumviro c’uko ubugingo ari umuntu ubwiwe?

⁹ Hari igihe ijambo “ubugingo” ryerekeza ku buzima umuntu afise canke igikoko gifise. Ivyo nta co bihindura ku nsiguro Bibiliya iha ubugingo ishaka kuvuga umuntu canke igikoko. Akarorero: Tuvuga yuko umuntu ari muzima, bigasobanura ko ari umuntu muzima. Twoshobora kandi kuvuga yuko afise ubuzima. Muri ubwo buryo nyene, umuntu muzima ni ubugingo. Yamara igihe ari muzima, “ubugingo” bwoshobora kuvugwa ko ari ikintu afise.

10. Tanga uturorero twerekana yuko ijambo “ubugingo” rishobora kwerekeza ku buzima umuntu afise canke igikoko gifise.

¹⁰ Nk’akarorero, Imana yabwiye Musa iti: “Abantu bose [barondera ubugingo bwawe, NW] bapfuye.” (Kuvayo 4:19) Birumvikana ko abansi ba Musa bariko barondera ubuzima bwiwe. Ikoreshwa nk’iryo ry’ijambo “ubugingo” turarisanga mu mungane akurikira. “Ni co catumye dutinyirira amagara yacu [“ubugingo bwacu,” NW].” (Yosuwa 9:24) ‘Barahunga kugira ngo banyage amagara [“ubugingo,” NW].’ (2 Abami 7:7) “Umuntu agororotse ababara igitungwa ciwe [“ubugingo bw’igitungwa ciwe,” NW].” (Imigani 12:10) “Umwana w’umuntu [ya]zanywe no . . . gutanga ubugingo bgiwe kw incungu ya benshi.” (Matayo 20:28) “Yagarukiye hafi yo gupfa . . . yahevye amagara yiwe [“ubugingo bwiwe,” NW].” (Ab’i Filipi 2:30) Muri iyo mirongo yose, ijambo “ubugingo” risobanura “ubuzima.”a

11. Twovuga iki ku buryo Bibiliya ikoresha ijambo “ubugingo”?

¹¹ Nuko rero ijambo “ubugingo” nk’uko rikoreshwa muri Bibiliya ryerekeza ku muntu canke ku gikoko, canke ku buzima umuntu afise canke igikoko gifise. Insobanuro Bibiliya iha ubugingo ni iyoroshe, ifashe, kandi ntiremerejwe na ya mafilozofiya agoye itahura akabamwo n’imiziririzo y’abantu. Ariko none ubugingo bibugendera gute iyo umuntu apfuye? Kugira ngo twishure ico kibazo, dutegerezwa kubanza gutahura igituma dupfa.

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Ibi vyose ni ubugingo