Isura Ihindagurika y’“Ubukirisu”​—Yoba Yemerwa ku Mana?

IBAZE igihe wosaba uwuhingura utugenegene ngo agucape. Igihe ahejeje, akamwemwe karagusya; ico gicapo murasa nk’igiharo n’igiharage. Wiyumvira abana bawe, abazukuru bawe, hamwe n’abazukuru babo bariko bararaba ico gicapo n’umunezero mwinshi.

Ariko rero, hamaze kurengana amaruka atari make, umwe mu bagukomokako yiyumvira yuko ubuhanza buboneka kuri ico gicapo butabereye, gutyo bituma yongerako umushatsi. Uwundi ntashima ukuntu izuru rimeze, aca ararihinduza. Uko amaruka akurikirana, ibindi biza “biraryohorwa,” ku buryo amaherezo ico gicapo musa buhoro. Iyo wari kumenya ko ivyo vyobaye, wokwiyumvisemwo gute? Nta gukeka woshavuye.

Ikibabaje ni uko inkuru y’ico gicapo mu bisanzwe ari inkuru y’ishengero ry’Abakirisu b’izina. Kahise kerekana yuko inyuma gato y’urupfu rw’intumwa za Kirisitu, isura izwi y’“Ubukirisu” yatanguye guhinduka, nk’uko nyene Bibiliya yari yarabivuze.​—Matayo 13:24-30, 37-43; Ivyakozwe 20:30.a

Birumvikana ko bibereye yuko ingingo ngenderwako za Bibiliya zikoreshwa hakurikijwe imico kama n’ibiringo bitandukanye. Guhindura inyigisho za Bibiliya kugira ngo zihuzwe n’ukwiyumvira gukwiye hose, vyovyo ni ikindi kibazo. Yamara, ivyo ni vyo neza na neza vyabaye. Nk’akarorero, nurimbure amahinduka yagizwe mu bintu bihambaye bitari bike.

Ekeleziya Yifatanya na Leta

Yezu yigishije yuko ubutegetsi bwiwe, canke Ubwami bwo mw’ijuru igihe cashinzwe gishitse bworanduye ubutegetsi bw’abantu bwose hanyuma bugategeka isi yose. (Daniyeli 2:44; Matayo 6:9, 10) Ntibwotegetse biciye ku buryo bwa politike bw’abantu. Yezu yavuze ati: “Ubgami bganje s’ubgo mur’iyi si” (Yohana 17:16; 18:36) Ni co gituma abigishwa ba Yezu, naho bubaha amategeko baguma bitandukanije n’ivya politike.

Ariko rero, mu kinjana ca kane, mu gihe c’Umwami w’abami w’Umuroma Consitantino benshi mu bavuga ko ari Abakirisu ntibari bacihangana mu vy’ukurindira ukugaruka kwa Kirisitu n’ishingwa ry’Ubwami bw’Imana. Buhorobuhoro, inyifato yabo ku vyerekeye politike iza irahinduka. Igitabu kimwe (Europe​—A History) kivuga giti: “Imbere ya Consitantino, Abakirisu ntibarondeye gufata ko ububasha [bwa gipolitike] ari uburyo buteza imbere ivyo baharanira. Havuye Consitantino, Ubukirisu be na politike yo hejuru vyagenda bikorana. Ubukirisu bwahinduwe bwacitse idini y’Inganji ya Roma “ikwiye hose,” ni ukuvuga “gatolika.”

Igitabu kimwe gitohoza amajambo (Great Ages of Man) kivuga ko kubera uwo mubano hagati ya Ekeleziya na Leta, “mu 385 G.C, haciye imyaka 80 gusa uruhamo rwa nyuma rw’Abakirisu rurangiye, Ekeleziya ubwayo yaratanguye kwica abatavuga rumwe n’inyigisho zayo, kandi abakuru bayo bari bafise ububasha bugomba kwegereza ubw’Abami b’abami.” Maze hatangura igihe c’uko inkota isubirira ukujijura nk’uburyo bwo guhindura abantu, hanyuma abakuru b’idini bafise amazina y’icubahiro kandi bahahamira ububasha, basubirira ba bamamaji bicisha bugufi bo mu kinjana ca mbere. (Matayo 23:9, 10; 28:19, 20) Umutohozakahise H.G. Wells yanditse ivy’“amatandukaniro akomeye ari hagati” y’Ubukirisu bwo mu kinjana ca kane hamwe n’ukwigisha kwa Yezu w’i Nazareti.” Ayo “matandukaniro akomeye” yaragize mbere ico akoze ku nyigisho z’ishimikiro zerekeye Imana na Kirisitu.

Guhindura Uko Imana Imeze

Kirisitu hamwe n’abigishwa biwe bigishije yuko hariho gusa “Imana imwe, Data wa twese,” itandukanywa n’izindi n’izina ryayo Yehova, iriboneka incuro nk’7.000 mu bizingo vya kare vya Bibiliya. (1 Ab’i Korinto 8:6; Yesaya 12:2) Yezu yaremwe n’Imana; Ubwuzure Bushasha buvuga mu Banyakolosi 1:15 ko ari “we aboneye izuba izina kiremwa cose.” Ni co gituma Yezu kubera yaremwe, yavuze atarya umunwa ati: “Data [ni] we anduta.”​—Yohana 14:28.

Ariko mu kinjana ca gatatu, abakuru b’idini bakomakomeye bamwebamwe barehejwe n’inyigisho y’ubutatu y’umupagani w’Umugiriki w’umufilozofe Pulato, batanguye guhindura Imana kugira ngo bahuze n’ukuntu Ubutatu budondorwa. Mu binjana vyakurikiye, iyo nyigisho yarashize hejuru Yezu mu buryo butajanye n’Ivyanditswe, imunganisha na Yehova hanyuma impwemu yera y’Imana, ari yo nguvu ikoresha, bayigira umuperesona.

Ku vyerekeye ukuntu Ekeleziya yemeye inyigisho ya gipagani y’Ubutatu, igitabu kimwe (New Catholic Encyclopedia) kivuga giti: “Imbere y’impera z’ikinjana ca kane imvugo ngo ‘Imana imwe mu Baperesona batatu’ ntiyari bwashinge imizi, mu vy’ukuri ntiyari bwinjire mu buryo bwuzuye mu buzima bw’Umukirisu no mu kwizera kwiwe. Ariko mu vy’ukuri iyo mvugo ni yo yabaye ishimikiro y’inyigisho y’Ubutatu. Mu Batanguje Ekeleziya nta n’ikintu na kimwe cegereza ico ciyumviro canke kubona ibintu muri ubwo buryo.”

Nk’ukwo nyene, igitabu kimwe (The Encyclopedia Americana) kivuga giti: “Inyigisho y’Ubutatu yo mu kinjana ca kane ntiyaserura inyigisho y’Abakirisu ba mbere nk’uko nyene yakabaye mu vyerekeye uko Imana imeze; ahubwo, kwari uguca iruhande iyo nyigisho.” Ikindi (The Oxford Companion to the Bible) cita Ubutatu kimwe muri “Keredo zitari nke.” Yamara, Ubutatu si yo nyigisho ya gipagani yonyene yinjijwe muri ekeleziya.

Guhindura ivy’Ubugingo

Muri iki gihe benshi bemera yuko abantu bafise ubugingo budahwera bubandanya kubaho iyo umubiri upfuye. Ariko woba uzi ko n’iyo nyigisho ya ekeleziya ari yo bongeyeko mu nyuma? Yezu yaremeje ukuri kwa Bibiliya yuko abapfuye “[ata] co baba bakizi,” yuko ari nk’aho boba basinziriye. (Umusiguzi 9:5; Yohana 11:11-13) Ubuzima bwogarukanywe biciye kw’izuka​—ni ukuvuga ‘gusubira guhagarara’ umuntu avuye mw’itiro ry’urupfu. (Yohana 5:28, 29) Iyaba ubugingo budahwera buriho, nta kuzuka kwobaye gukenewe, kubera ukudahwera kwotuma urupfu rutabaho.

Yezu yaranagaragaje inyigisho ya Bibiliya y’izuka mu kuzura abantu mu bapfuye. Fata akarorero ka Lazaro, uwari amaze imisi ine apfuye. Igihe Yezu yamuzura, Lazaro yavuye mu mva ari umuntu afise ubuzima, ahumeka. Nta bugingo budahwera bwamanutse buva mw’i paradizo yo mw’ijuru bwinjira mu mutumba wiwe igihe Lazaro yikangura akava mu rupfu. Iyo biba ariko vyabaye, mu kumuzura Yezu ntiyobaye na gato amugiriye ubuntu!​—Yohana 11:39, 43, 44.

None, inkomoko y’inyigisho yerekeye ubugingo budahwera ni iyihe? Inyizamvugo imwe (The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Theology) ivuga yuko ico ciyumviro “gikomoka cane kuri filozofiya y’Abagiriki kuruta ku vyahishuwe muri Bibiliya.” Igitabu kimwe (The Jewish Encyclopedia) gisigura giti: “Inyigisho y’uko ubugingo bubandanya kubaho inyuma y’uko umubiri usanguka ni ikintu gishingiye ku gukekeranya mu vya filozofiya no mu vya tewolojiya, aho kuba ukwizera gusanzwe, kandi gutyo nta na hamwe vyigishijwe mu buryo butomoye mu Vyanditswe Vyeranda.”

Kenshi na kenshi ikinyoma gikwega ikindi, kandi ni ko biri ku nyigisho y’ubugingo budahwera. Yugururiye inzira inyigisho y’abapagani y’ukubabazwa ibihe vyose mu muriro udahera.b Yamara, Bibiliya ivuga mu buryo butomoye yuko “ingero y’icaha [ari] urupfu”​—atari ukubabazwa ibihe vyose. (Abaroma 6:23) Ni co gituma mu kudondora izuka, Bibiliya imwe (King James Version) ivuga iti: “Ikiyaga cagarukanye abapfuye bari muri co, urupfu n’umuriro udahera bigarukana abapfuye bari muri vyo.” N’iyindi Bibiliya (Douay) ivuga yuko “ikiyaga . . . n’urupfu n’umuriro udahera vyagarukanye abapfuye bavyo.” Ego niko, mu mvugo itomoye, abari mu citwa umuriro udahera barapfuye, ‘barasinziriye’ nk’uko Yezu yabivuze.​—Ivyahishuriwe 20:13.

Woba wemera ata buryarya ko inyigisho y’uko hari abagenerwa umuriro udahera ikwegera abantu ku Mana? Nta na gato. Mu mizirikanyi y’abantu b’intungane bakaba n’abanyarukundo, ni iciyumviro batokwigera bagira! Ku rundi ruhande, Bibiliya yigisha yuko “Imana [ari] urukundo” kandi yuko gusinzikaza abandi, eka mbere naho vyoba ibikoko, ivyanka urunuka.​—1 Yohana 4:8; Imigani 12:10; Yeremiya 7:31; Yona 4:11.

Guhindura Isura ya ca “Gicapo” mu Bihe vya None

Guhindura Imana n’Ubukirisu birabandanya muri iki gihe. Umwigisha umwe w’ivy’idini aherutse kudondora urugamba ruri mw’Ishengero ry’Abaporotisanti akukira, ko ari urugamba “hagati y’ubukuru bw’Ivyanditswe na keredo n’ivyiyumviro biva ahandi kandi bishigikira ko idini ridakenewe, no hagati yo kwizigira ko Kirisitu ari we atwara ishengero n’uguhuza Ubukirisu n’igihe kigezweko. Ikibazo gica kivyuka ni iki: Ni nde ashinga uko ivya ekeleziya bigenda . . . ni Ivyanditswe Vyeranda canke ni ivyiyumviro biba bigezweko ico gihe?”

Ikibabaje ni uko “ivyiyumviro biba bigezweko” bigisa n’ibitsinda. Nk’akarorero nta wutazi ko amashengero menshi yahinduye impagararo yayo ku bibazo bitandukanye kugira ngo aboneke ko yateye imbere kandi ko yugurutse mu bwenge. Canecane mu bintu vy’ukwigenza runtu, amashengero ararekerana ibintu cane, nk’uko vyacishijwemwo mu kiganiro ca mbere. Yamara, Bibiliya ivuga itomora yuko ubusambanyi, ukurenga ibigo, ukumarana inambu kw’abasangiye igitsina ari ivyaha bikomeye mu nyonga z’Imana kandi yuko n’abakora mwene ivyo vyaha “[bat]azoragwa Ubgami bg’Imana.”​—1 Ab’i Korinto 6:9, 10; Matayo 5:27-32; Abaroma 1:26, 27.

Igihe intumwa Paulo yandika ayo majambo yasubiwemwo aho haruguru, abantu bari bamukikije bakurikiza ivy’Abaroma n’Abagiriki bari buzuyemwo ububisha bw’ubwoko bwose. Paulo yari gushobora kwiyumvira ati: ‘Egome, Imana yarasanganguye Sodomu na Gomora kubera ivyaha bikomakomeye bijanye n’ubusambanyi, ariko hakaba haciye imyaka irenga 2.000! Nta mazinda yuko biterekeye iki kiringo c’umuco.’ Ariko rero, ntiyapfukapfutse ikibi, yaranse kwonona ukuri kwa Bibiliya.​—Ab’i Galatiya 5:19-23.

Hanga Amaso “Igicapo” c’Intango

Yezu mu gihe yariko arabwira abarongozi b’idini y’Abayuda bo mu misi yiwe, yavuze yuko ugusenga kwabo kwari ukw’‘ubusa kukw inyigisho bigisha ar’ivyagezwe n’abantu.’ (Matayo 15:9) Abo bakuru b’idini bakoreye Ivyagezwe vya Yehova vyaciye kuri Musa nk’ivyo nyene abakuru b’idini y’abitwa Abakirisu bakoreye inyigisho za Kirisitu kandi n’ubu bakiriko​—bamijagiye “irangi” ry’imigenzo ku kuri kw’Imana. Ariko Yezu yarahanaguye ibinyoma vyose ku bw’ineza y’abantu bafise umutima nziraburyarya. (Mariko 7:7-13) Yezu yavuga ukuri, kwaba gukundwa canke kudakundwa. Ijambo ry’Imana ni ryo nantaryo yisunga.​—Yohana 17:17.

Ese ukuntu Yezu yari atandukanye cane na benshi bavuga ko ari Abakirisu! Si ivy’imbeshere, Bibiliya yari yaravuze iti: “Abantu bahahamira ibigezweko kandi bazokwirundaniriza . . . abigisha bahuje n’ibibahimbara, kandi aho kwumviriza ukuri, bazohindukirira imigani.” (2 Timoteyo 4:3, 4, The Jerusalem Bible) Iyo “migani,” ari na yo twarimbuyemwo mikeyi, ni iyonona mu vy’impwemu, ariko ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana kwo kurubaka, kandi kujana ku buzima budahera. Ukwo ni kwo kuri Ivyabona vya Yehova bakuremesheje gusuzuma.​—Yohana 4:24; 8:32; 17:3.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Uruzitiro ku rup. 7]

Inkomoko y’Izina Umukirisu

Mu myaka nka cumi inyuma y’urupfu rwa Yezu, abayoboke biwe bari bazwi ko bakurikira “Ya Nzira,” (NW). (Ivyakozwe 9:2; 19:9, 23; 22:4) Kubera iki? Kubera inzira yabo y’ubuzima yari ishingiye ku kwizera Yezu Kirisitu, akaba ari we “nzira n’ukuri n’ubu[zima].” (Yohana 14:6) Maze, igihe kimwe inyuma yo mu 44 G.C., muri Antiyokiya y’i Siriya, abigishwa ba Yezu “ni ho . . . bātanguriye kwitwa Abakristo.” (Ivyakozwe 11:26) Iryo zina ntiryatevye gukoreshwa, mbere no mu bajejwe intwaro. (Ivyakozwe 26:28) Iryo zina rishasha ntiryahinduye inzira y’ubuzima y’Umukirisu, ari na yo yabandanije gukurikiza iya Kirisitu.​—1 Petero 2:21.

[Ifoto ku rup. 7]

Biciye ku gikorwa cabo barangurira ku mugaragaro, Ivyabona vya Yehova barayobora abantu kw’Ijambo ry’Imana, Bibiliya

[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 4]

Iya gatatu uhereye i bubamfu: United Nations/​Photo by saw Lwin