Abantu bararondera uburongozi bwiza

“Mvuze nti Va ngaha, kandi tuvyaranye abo. Mw’izina ry’Imana, genda!”.—Oliver Cromwell; ayo majambo yasubiwemwo na Leopold Amery, umwe mu bari bagize Inama nshingamateka y’Ubwongereza.

Intambara ya Kabiri y’isi yose yari imaze amezi umunani yiha inkumbi, kandi ibintu ntivyariko bigenda neza ku ruhande rw’Ubwongereza n’ibihugu vyari bifatanije na bwo. Leopold Amery n’abandi bategetsi, babona ko hakenewe ihinduka mu vy’uburongozi. Kubera ico, kw’igenekerezo rya 7 Rusama 1940, mu nyubakwa ihuriramwo abashingamateka (iyo bita chambre des communes), umushingantahe Amery yarasubiyemwo amajambo ari aho haruguru, ayabwira Umushikiranganji wa mbere Neville Chamberlain. Haciye imisi itatu, umushingantahe Chamberlain yaratanze imihoho, asubirirwa n’uwitwa Winston Churchill.

UBURONGOZI ni ikintu c’ishimikiro abantu bakeneye, mugabo si uwo ari we wese ashoboye kuba indongozi. Mbere no mu rugo, serugo ategerezwa kuba umuntu ashoboye igikorwa co kurongora abandi kugira ngo umukenyezi wiwe n’abana biwe bahimbarwe. Ca wiyumvira rero ibisabwa indongozi y’igihugu canke indongozi y’isi! Ntibitangaje rero kubona indongozi nziza zigoye cane kuronka.

Kubera ico, mu kiringo c’imyaka ibihumbi n’ibindi, harabaye ibirori bidaharurika vyo kwimika abami, imigumuko idaharurika yo guhindura ubutegetsi, ivyo gutembagaza intwaro ku nguvu bidaharurika, ivyo gushiraho abategetsi bashasha bidaharurika, amatora adaharurika, ivyo kugandagura abategetsi bidaharurika, hongera haraba amahinduka yo mu vy’intwaro adaharurika. Abami, abashikiranganji ba mbere, abaganwa, abakuru b’ibihugu, abanyamabanga bakuru be n’abatwaza igikenye, baragiye ku butegetsi bongera barakurwa. Amahinduka atari yitezwe yarakuyeho mbere n’abategetsi b’ibihangange (Raba uruzitiro ruvuga ngo “Bakuwe ku butegetsi ata wari avyiteze”, ku rupapuro rwa 5.). Naho ari ukwo, indongozi zibishoboye kandi ziramba ziragoye kuronka.

Twoba “dutegerezwa gupfa kwemera abariho” canke hari ukundi vyogenda?

Ntibitangaje rero kubona abantu benshi batacizigira yuko bazoronka uburongozi bwiza. Mu bihugu bimwebimwe, inyiyumvo abantu bagaragaza z’uko batanezwe indongozi canke ko bamaze gutakaza umwizero, zibonekeza canecane mu gihe c’amatora. Uwitwa Geoff Hill, akaba ari umumenyeshamakuru wo muri Afirika, yavuze ati: “Ukutanegwa amatora canke ukutagira aho umuntu ahagaze [ku bijanye n’amatora] birigaragaza cane igihe abantu biyumvamwo yuko ata bubasha bafise bwo kwikura mu marushwa babayemwo. . . . Muri Afirika, igihe abantu banse gutora, si ngombwa ngo bibe vyerekana ko banyuzwe. Akenshi, ivyo usanga ari ukwitabariza kw’abiyumvamwo yuko ata muntu n’umwe abababaye”. Hariho n’umumenyeshamakuru atanga inkuru mu kinyamakuru kimwe co muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yanditse ku vyerekeye amatora yari yimirije kugirwa ati: “Ese hotorwa umuntu atagira amakemwa”. Yongeyeko ati: “Umuntu nk’uyo ntabaho. Ntazokwigera abaho. Dutegerezwa gupfa kwemera abariho”.

Ubwo koko abantu nta kundi bobigenza atari “ugupfa kwemera” abarongozi b’abanyamakemwa? Kuba indongozi z’abantu zitashoboye kwitwararika ivyo abo zitwara bakeneye, vyoba bigaragaza yuko tutazokwigera turonka uburongozi bwiza? Ekaye. Hariho uburongozi bwiza kuruta ubundi bwose. Ikiganiro gikurikira kiraca irya n’ino indongozi ntamakemwa y’abantu iyo ari yo, be n’ingene uburongozi bwayo bushobora kugirira akamaro abantu amamiliyoni n’amamiliyoni b’amamuko atandukanye, na wewe urimwo.

[Ifoto ku rup. 3]

Hejuru amaja ibubamfu: Neville Chamberlain

Hejuru amaja iburyo: Leopold Amery

Hasi: Winston Churchill

[Abo dukesha amafoto]

Chamberlain: Ifoto yafashwe na Jimmy Sime/Central Press/Getty Images; Amery: Ifoto yafashwe na Kurt Hutton/Picture Post/Getty Images; Churchill: The Trustees of the Imperial War Museum (MH 26392)