Inkuru y’ubuzima

Narizigiye ubwitwararitsi bwa Yehova buranga urukundo

NK’UKO VYAVUZWE NA ANNA DENZ TURPIN

“Urakunda kubazagiza wa mwana we!”. Ukwo ni ko mawe yitangaje amwenyura. Nkiri agakobwa gatoya, naracucagira ibibazo abavyeyi banje. Mugabo mawe na dawe ntibigeze bandyagagura kubera ukwo kuguma nshaka kumenya akantu kose mu bwana. Aho kundyagagura, baranyigishije kwiyumvira no kwifatira ingingo nishimikije ijwi ryo mu mutima ryamenyerejwe na Bibiliya. Ese ukuntu ukwo kumenyerezwa kwambereye ngirakamaro! Umusi umwe, igihe nari mfise imyaka 14, Abanazi barantandukanije n’abavyeyi banje nikundira, kandi sinigeze nsubira kubakubita ijisho.

DAWE Oskar Denz na mawe Anna Maria baba i Lörrach, igisagara co mu Budagi kiri hafi y’urubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubusuwisi. Bakiri bato bari abantu bafise ishaka mu vya politike, vyongeye abantu bo mu kibano bari babazi kandi barabubaha. Ariko mu 1922, haciye igihe gitoyi abavyeyi banje bubakanye, barahinduye ukuntu babona ivya politike be n’imigambi bari bafise mu buzima. Mawe yaratanguye kwigana Bibiliya n’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya, nk’uko Ivyabona vya Yehova bitwa ico gihe, kandi yarahimbawe cane no kumenya yuko Ubwami bw’Imana bwozanye amahoro kw’isi. Dawe ntiyatevye kwifatanya na mawe mu kwiga Bibiliya, kandi baciye batangura kwitaba amakoraniro y’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya. Dawe mbere yarahaye mawe igitabu gifasha kwiga Bibiliya citwa La Harpe de Dieu, kuri Noweli muri uwo mwaka. Navutse ku wa 25 Ntwarante 1923, nkaba nari umwana w’ikinege.

Ese ukuntu nibukana akamwemwe ubuzima bw’umuryango wacu, ingene mu ci twaja gutembera mw’ishamba ritekanye ryitwa Forêt Noire, be n’ingene mawe yanyigisha udukorwa two mu rugo! Ndacamwibuka ahagaze mu gikoni ariko yigisha agakobwa kiwe guteka. Igihambaye kuruta, abavyeyi banje baranyigishije gukunda Yehova Imana no kumwizigira.

Ishengero ryacu ryarimwo abamamaji b’Ubwami nka 40 b’inshirukabute. Abavyeyi banje bari bafise ingabirano idasanzwe yo kurondera uturyo two kubwira abandi ivyerekeye Ubwami. Kubera ivyo bari bahoze bakora mu kibano, baroroherwa no kuyaga n’abandi, kandi abantu barabatega yompi. Nshikanye imyaka indwi, na jewe narashatse kwamamaza mva ku nzu nja ku yindi. Ku musi wa mbere natangura ico gikorwa, uwo twari kumwe yarampaye ibitabu bikeyi, anyereka inzu imwe, maze yivugira gusa ati: “Jana ivyo urabe ko bavyakira”. Mu 1931, twaritavye ihwaniro ry’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya ryabereye iBâle mu Busuwisi. Ni ho abavyeyi banje babatirijwe.

Havuye uruhagarara haza intwaro y’igikenye

Ubudagi bwari mu ruhagarara rwinshi muri iyo misi, kandi imigwi itandukanye itavuga rumwe mu vya politike yaratana mu mitwe bimwe bikaze mu mabarabara. Igihe kimwe mw’ijoro, narakanguwe n’induru yariko ivugira mu nzu y’umubanyi. Abasore babiri bari bahejeje kwicisha mwenewabo urwuma rufise amenyo nk’ay’ifurusheti, kubera batavuga rumwe mu vya politike. Ukwanka Abayahudi na vyo nyene vyarongerekanye cane. Kw’ishure, hari umukobwa umwe yategerezwa kuguma ukwa wenyene kubera gusa yari Umuyahudikazi. Naramwumvira akagongwe cane, ariko simenye yuko nari mu kwibonera ingene uguharirwa ivomo bimeze.

Ku wa 30 Nzero 1933, Adolf Hitler yarabaye umukuru w’igihugu c’Ubudagi. Urenganye nk’imihana ibiri uvuye aho twari, twaritegereza ingene Abanazi bigina intsinzi mu kuduza idarapo ryabo ririko ikimenyetso kimeze nk’umusaraba ku biro bijejwe ibikorwa vya Leta mu gisagara. Kw’ishure, umwigisha wacu ashwashwanutse yaratwigishije kuvuga ya ndamukanyo yo guhayagiza Hitler ari yo “Heil Hitler!”. Kuri uwo mugoroba naciye ndabibarira dawe. Vyaramuhagaritse umutima, aca avuga ati: “Ivyo bintu jewe sindabikunda. ‘Heil’ bisobanura ubukiriro. Hamwe twovuga ngo ‘Heil Hitler’, ni nk’aho twoba turiko tuvuga ko ari we dukesha ubukiriro aho kubukesha Yehova. Kuri jewe si vyiza, ariko niwihitiremwo ubwawe ico ukwiye kugira”.

Abo twigana baciye batangura kumparira ivomo kubera nanse kugira iyo ndamukanyo yo guhayagiza Hitler. Abahungu bamwebamwe mbere barankubita bahengereye umwigisha atabona. Bahavuye bandeka, ariko n’abagenzi banje barambariye yuko ba se babo bari bababujije gukinana nanje, ngo nari nteye akaga.

Haciye amezi abiri Abanazi bafashe ubutegetsi mu Budagi, baciye babuza Ivyabona vya Yehova ngo barabangamiye igihugu. Abasoda b’inkuba b’Abanazi barugaye ibiro vyacu vy’i Magdebourg bongera baratubuza kugira amakoraniro. Ariko kubera yuko twaba hafi y’urubibe, dawe yararonse impapuro zimuha uburenganzira bwo kujabuka akaja iBâle, aho twagirira amakoraniro yo ku w’iyinga. Yama yavuze yuko yipfuza ko abavukanyi bacu bo mu Budagi boronka imfungurwa nk’izo zo mu vy’impwemu kugira zibafashe guhangana na kazoza bafise umutima rugabo.

Ingendo zirimwo akaga

Ibiro vy’i Magdebourg bimaze kwugarwa, umwe mu bahoze bahakorera yitwa Julius Riffel, yaraje iLörrach mu gisagara ciwe c’amavukiro, kugira atunganye igikorwa co kwamamaza mu kinyegero. Dawe yaciye yitanga kugira afashe muri ico gikorwa. Twe na mawe yaratwicaritse maze aradusigurira ko yari yemeye gufasha mu vyo kwinjiza mu Budagi ibitabu bishingiye kuri Bibiliya babikuye mu Busuwisi. Yatubwiye yuko vyobayemwo akaga gakomeye be n’uko yari gushobora gufatwa umwanya uwo ari wo wose. Ntiyashaka ko twiyumvamwo ko dutegerezwa kubijamwo, kubera yuko na twebwe nyene vyari kudushira mu kaga. Ubwo nyene mawe yaciye avuga ati: “Turi kumwe”. Bompi baciye bandaba, nanje nca mvuga nti: “Na jewe turi kumwe!”.

Mawe yarajishe agasakoshi kangana n’ikinyamakuru Umunara w’Inderetsi. Yaragasobekamwo ibitabu abicishije ahantu hatugaye ku ruhande rwako, hanyuma agaca asubira akahajisha kugira ngo ahugare. Yarateye imipfuko yihishije ku mpuzu za dawe yongera arajisha uduhuzu two munsi tubiri, utwo twe na mawe twatwaramwo udutabu dutoduto dufasha kwiga Bibiliya tutunyegeje. Igihe cose twaba dushikanye i muhira iryo tunga ryacu ryo mu kinyegero, twariruhutsa maze tugashimira Yehova. Twanyegeza ivyo bitabu mu bushinguro bwacu bwo hejuru mu nzu.

Mu ntango, Abanazi nta kintu na kwimwe batwikekako. Nta bibazo batubaza eka mbere n’inzu yacu ntibayisaka. Naho vyari ukwo, twarumvikanye ikimenyetso twokoresheje mu kuburira abuvukanyi bacu bo mu vy’impwemu igihe hashitse ingorane. Ico kimenyetso cari igitigiri 4711, rikaba ryari izina ry’amavuta atamirana azwi cane. Mu gihe kuza imuhira vyaba birimwo ingeramizi, twararaba ingene twobaburira dukoresheje ico gitigiri. Dawe kandi yari yababwiye kuza barabanza kuraba amadirisha yo muri salo y’inzu yacu imbere yo kwinjira. Basanze idirisha ry’ibubamfu ryuguruye, vyaba bisigura ko hari ikintu kitagenze neza, gutyo ntibirirwe baraza.

Mu 1936 no mu 1937, igipolisi c’Abanazi (Gestapo) carafashe Ivyabona benshi congera kirata mu mabohero no mu makambi y’itunatuniro Ivyabona ibihumbi n’ibihumbi, aho bafashwe bunyamaswa mu buryo butagiramwo ikigongwe. Ibiro vy’i Berne mu Busuwisi vyaciye bitangura kwegeranya amaraporo y’inkuru z’ivyariko birabera mu makambi, ushizemwo n’amaraporo yari yaranyegejwe mu makambi, kugira ngo izo nkuru zishirwe mu gitabu kimwe (Kreuzzug gegen das Christentum), cashira ahabona amabi yakozwe n’Abanazi. Twaremeye gukora ico gikorwa cari no gushobora kudutwara agatwe co gutwara ayo maraporo yo mu kinyegero tukayajabukana urubibe tuyajana i Bâle. Iyo Abanazi badufatana izo mpapuro ziteye kubiri n’amategeko, ubwo nyene twari guca dufungwa. Amosozi yarakorotse igihe nasoma ivyerekeye amakuba abavukanyi bacu barimwo. Ariko ivyo ntivyanteye ubwoba. Narizigiye ko Yehova hamwe n’abavyeyi banje, ari na bo bangenzi banje pfampfe, bari kumbungabunga.

Nahejeje amashure mfise imyaka 14, nca ndonka akazi k’ubukarani mu mangazini idandaza ibikoresho. Akenshi, izo ngendo zacu zo gutwara ibitabu twazigira ku wa gatandatu ku muhingamo canke ku w’iyinga, igihe dawe yaba atagiye ku kazi. Dufashe incahagati, izo ngendo twazigira uko haciye indwi zibiri. Uturavye, ntaho twari dutaniye n’iyindi miryango yaba igiye kwitemberera ku mpera z’umushamvu, kandi mu kiringo c’imyaka nk’ine, abacunga imbibe ntibigeze baduhagarika canke ngo bagerageze kudusaka. Ibintu vyagiye guhinduka umusi umwe muri Ruhuhuma 1938.

Ivyacu bihinyuka!

Sinzokwigera nibagira mu maso ha dawe igihe twashika aho twatora ibitabu hafi y’i Bâle, maze tukahasanga ikirundo c’ibitabu biturindiriye. Kubera yuko uwundi muryango watwara ibitabu wari wafashwe, twategerezwa gutwara ibitabu vyinshi kuruta ivyo twahora dutwara. Tugeze ku rubibe, uwucungera imbibe yaratwitegereje tumutera amakenga, aca ategeka ko badusaka. Agipfa kubona ivyo bitabu, yaciye adushorera n’inkoho atujana aho imiduga y’igipolisi yari ihagaze, agenda aradutera ubwoba ngo araturasa. Igihe abo bapolisi bari batujanye, dawe yaramfashe mu kiganza, maze anyongorera ati: “Ntumene ibanga. Ntihagire n’umwe uvuga izina!”. Naciye ndamusubiriza umutima mu nda nti: “Nta ryo mena”. Badushikanye i Lörrach, baciye batwara dawe nikundira. Namubonye ari ryo rya nyuma bamwugariyeko umuryango w’ibohero.

Mu kiringo c’amasaha ane, abagabo bane bo muri ca gipolisi c’Abanazi (Gestapo) baransambishije, bashaka ngo ndababwire amazina y’ibindi Vyabona hamwe n’aho baba. Babonye nanse, umupolisi umwe yaciye ashangashirwa maze antera ubwoba ati: “Turafise ubundi buryo bwo gutuma uvuga!”. Sinamenye ibanga. Twe na mawe baciye batugarukana i muhira, baca barahasaka ari bwo bwa mbere. Mawe baciye bamutwara kumupfunga, nanje baca bandungika kwa mamawacu, ntibamenya ko na we nyene ari Icabona. Naho nari ndekuriwe kuja ku kazi, abagabo bane bo muri ca gipolisi c’Abanazi baguma bicaye mu muduga imbere y’inzu bashinze ijisho akantu kose ngira, umupolisi na we akaguma agenda agaruka mu kayira.

Haciye imisi mikeyi, hageze igihe co kwivuna umusase, narasohotse mu nzu maze mbona umuvukanyikazi akiri muto ari kw’ikinga aje agana aho ndi. Yegereje, narabonye ko hari agakaratasi yagomba kunterera. Nkigacakira, naciye mpindukira kuraba ko ba bapolisi boba babonye ico nagize. Icantangaje, muri ako kanya nyene abo bapolisi bose bari bararamye beguwe n’agatwengo!

Ako gakaratasi uwo muvukanyikazi yampaye kansaba yuko sasita noja aho abavyeyi biwe baba. None ko abo bapolisi baguma banshinze ijisho, nari kujayo gute singende ntakwegeye abavyeyi biwe? Naratereje akajisho kuri ba bagabo bane bo mu gipolisi c’Abanazi bari mu muduga, ndasubira ntereza akajisho kuri wa mupolisi yaguma agenda yongera agaruka mw’ibarabara. Sinabona ico ndibukore. Naciye nsenga cane nsaba Yehova ngo amfashe. Ubwo nyene nagiye mbona wa mupolisi agenda kuri wa muduga w’Abanazi maze avugana na ba bagabo. Yaciye yurira muri uwo muduga wabo, nza mbona baragiye!

Muri ako kanya nyene, nagiye mbona mamawacu antuyeko amaguru. Sasita yari imaze kurenga. Yarasomye ivyari kuri nya gakaratasi maze abona ko dukwiye kuja kuri iyo nzu nk’uko babidusavye, aca ashika ku ciyumviro c’uko abavukanyi bari batunganije ivy’uko bonjana mu Busuwisi. Dushitse, uwo muryango waramenyekanishije ku mugabo yitwa Heinrich Reiff, rikaba ryari irya mbere ndamubonye. Yambwiye ko anezerejwe no kubona narusimvye yongera ambwira ko yari yaje kugira amfashe guhungira mu Busuwisi. Yambwiye ko mu minuta mirongo itatu twohurira ahantu hari hateye ibiti.

Ubuzima bwo mu buhungiro

Nashikiriye umuvukanyi Reiff amosozi ariko aracuncubuka mu maso, agahinda ari kose kubera ngiye nsize abavyeyi banje. Vyose vyashitse mu kanya gato. Haciye akanya intuntu ari yose, twaciye twinjira mu mugwi w’ingenzi maze turajabuka urubibe rw’Ubusuwisi ata nkomanzi.

Igihe nashika ku biro vy’ishami vy’i Berne, naramenye ko abavukanyi baho ari bo bari batunganije ivyo kumpungisha. Babigiranye umutima mwiza, barampaye aho mba. Nakorera mu gikoni, ico gikorwa nkaba naragikunda cane. Mugabo urazi ukuntu kuba mu buhungiro vyambabaza, kubera yuko ntari nzi ivyoshikiye abavyeyi banje, bompi bakaba bari baciriwe gupfungwa imyaka ibiri! Rimwe na rimwe, intuntu n’amaganya vyarandengera, ngaca nja kwiyugaranira mu bwogero nkaririrayo. Ariko narashoboye kuza ndandikiranira n’abavyeyi banje, kandi barandemesheje kuguma ndi intahemuka.

Kubera nakozwe ku mutima n’akarorero k’ukwizera k’abavyeyi banje, nareguririye ubuzima bwanje Yehova ndaheza mbatizwa ku wa 25 Mukakaro 1938. Haciye umwaka umwe ndi kuri Beteli, naragiye gukorera kw’itongo ry’iChanélaz, rikaba ryaguzwe n’ibiro vy’ishami vyo mu Busuwisi kugira rize riratanga ivyo abagize umuryango wa Beteli bafungura no kugira ryakire abavukanyi bariko bahunga uruhamo.

Igihe umunyororo abavyeyi banje bari baciriwe warangira mu 1940, Abanazi barabemereye kubarekura baramutse bemeye guheba ukwizera kwabo. Bagumye bashikamye, baca babajana mu makambi y’itunatuniro, dawe bamujana mw’ikambi ry’i Dachau mawe na we bamujana mu ry’i Ravensbrück. Mu rushana rwo mu 1941, mawe hamwe n’ibindi Vyabonakazi bari mw’ikambi baranse gukorera igisoda. Mu kubahana, babamajije imisi 3 n’amajoro 3 bahagaze mu gikonyozi, ivyo biheze baca babugaranira mu twumba tw’umwiza bongera babamaza imisi 40 babagaburira intica ntikize. Mu nyuma baciye babatonagura. Mawe yapfuye ku wa 31Nzero 1942, haciye amayinga atatu akubiswe bunyamaswa.

Dawe baramwimuye bamukura iDachau bamujana iMauthausen muri Otirishe. Muri iryo kambi, Abanazi baragandagura imbohe kamwekamwe mu kubicisha inzara no mu kubakoresha ibikorwa vy’inguvu biruhisha. Haciye amezi atandatu mawe apfuye, Abanazi barishe dawe bakoresheje uburyo butandukanye n’ubwo bicishije mawe, na bwo bukaba bwari ukumugeragerezako imiti. Abaganga bo muri iryo kambi baratera imbohe umugera w’igituntu n’ibigirankana bakabafata nka twa tubeba tw’ikizungu bageragerezako imiti. Mu nyuma, izo mbohe baca bazitera urw’amazi. Raporo ya Leta ivuga yuko ngo dawe yishwe n’“ingorane y’umutima”. Yari afise imyaka 43. Nagiye kumenya ivy’ukwo kwicwa bunyamaswa haciye amezi nk’angahe bibaye. Ivyashikiye abavyeyi banje nikundira n’ubu biracatuma nkorora amosozi. Yamara gushika n’ubu, ndacahumurizwa no kumenya yuko dawe na mawe, abari bafise icizigiro c’ubuzima bwo mw’ijuru, bibereyeho ata nkomanzi mu maboko ya Yehova.

Intambara ya Kabiri y’isi yose imaze kurangira, naratewe agateka ko kwitaba ivyigwa vy’umugwi ugira 11 wa rya Shure ry’ivya Bibiliya ry’i Gileyadi rya Watchtower i New York. Ese ingene vyari bihimbaye gucokera mu cigwa c’Ivyanditswe mu kiringo c’amezi atanu! Ngisohoka iryo shure mu 1948, baciye bandungika kuba umumisiyonari mu Busuwisi. Ata n’igihe kirekire kihaciye, narahuye n’uwitwa James L. Turpin, umuvukanyi w’umwizerwa yari yasohotse ivyigwa vy’umugwi ugira gatanu w’ishure ry’i Gileyadi. Igihe ibiro vy’ishami vya mbere vyatangura muri Turukiya, ni we yabaye umuhagarikizi wavyo. Twubakanye muri Ntwarante 1951, kandi inyuma y’aho gatoyi, twaramenye ko twari tugiye kuronka ikibondo! Twaciye twimukira muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, aba ari ho twibarukira umwana wacu w’umwigeme yitwa Marlene, mu kwezi kwa Kigarama muri uwo mwaka.

Uko imyaka yagiye irarengana, twe na Jim twararonkeye umunezero mwinshi mu murimo wacu w’Ubwami. Ndibukana akamwemwe umutohoji wa Bibiliya umwe, akaba yari umwigeme w’Umushinwakazi yitwa Penny, yakunda rwose kwiga Bibiliya. Yarabatijwe maze mu nyuma yubakana n’uwitwa Guy Pierce, uno ubu akaba ari mu bagize Inama Nyobozi y’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Abo bakunzi baramaze intuntu natewe n’ukubura abavyeyi banje.

Mu ntango z’umwaka wa 2004, abavukanyi b’i Lörrach, igisagara abavyeyi banje bavukiyemwo, barubatse Ingoro y’Ubwami nshasha kw’ibarabara ryitwa Stich Street. Inama y’igisagara mu kwerekana ko ikenguruka ivyo Ivyabona vya Yehova bakoze, yafashe ingingo yo guhindura izina ry’iryo barabara, iryita Ibararabara ryitiriwe Denz (Denzstraße), ivyo ikaba yabigize kugira itere iteka abavyeyi banje. Ikinyamakuru kimwe (Badische Zeitung) co ngaho, munsi y’umutwe wavuga ngo “Izina rishasha ry’ibarabara mu kwibuka uwitwa Denz n’umukenyezi wiwe bagandaguwe”, cavuze yuko abavyeyi banje “bagandaguriwe mw’ikambi ry’itunatuniro mu gihe c’ubutegetsi bugira gatatu bw’Ubudagi bwari burongowe na Hitler bahowe ukwizera kwabo”. Kuri jewe, ico kintu inama y’igisagara yagize cari ikintu ntari niteze mugabo kandi cabaye ikintu ceza umutima cerekana ko ibintu vyari vyarahindutse.

Dawe yarakunda kuvuga yuko dukwiye gutegekanya ibintu imbere y’igihe nk’aho Harumagedoni itazoshika mu gihe cacu mugabo tukabaho nk’aho izoshika ejo, iyo ikaba ari impanuro y’agaciro namye nantaryo ngerageza kugenderako. Kwihangana, muri ico gihe nyene ukitega ikintu ugihahamiye ntivyama vyoroshe, na canecane kubera yuko muri iki gihe ubusaza butuma ntagishobora kuva imuhira. Yamara sinigeze nkekeranya yuko uyu muhango Yehova yahaye abasavyi biwe bose ari uw’ukuri: “Wizigize Uhoraho umutima wawe wose, . . . umumenye mu ngendo zawe zose, na we azogorora inzira zawe”.—Imigani 3:5, 6.

[Uruzitiro/Ifoto ku rup. 29]

AMAJAMBO Y’AGACIRO YANDITSWE KERA

Umugore umwe ava mu gasagara kamwe katari kure cane y’igisagara ca Lörrach, yaragendeye ico gisagara nko mu za 80. Ico gihe, abanyagisagara bariko barazana ibintu batunze batagikeneye bakabishira ahantu abandi bashobora kwitoreramwo ivyo bashaka. Uwo mugore yasanzemwo agasandugu kabikwamwo ibikoresho vyo kubarira maze aragatahana. Mu nyuma, mu ntebe y’ako gasandugu, yasanzemwo amafoto y’akigeme hamwe n’amakete yanditswe hakoreshejwe impapuro n’ikaramu vyo mw’ikambi ry’itunatuniro. Uwo mugore yarashatse kumenya ivy’ayo makete yongera aripfuza kumenya ako kigeme k’imishatsi miremire itsivye.

Umusi umwe mu mwaka wa 2000, uwo mugore yarabonye ikiganiro co mu kimyamakuru caguva ibijanye n’iyerekanwa ry’ivya kahise ryari kubera i Lörrach. Ico kiganiro cadondora ibijanye na kahise k’Ivyabona vya Yehova mu gihe c’Abanazi, udasize inyuma umuryango wacu. Cariko amafoto yanje nkiri umuyabaga. Uwo mugore amaze kubona yuko ayo mafoto afitaniye isano n’amwe yatora, yaciye arondera umumenyeshamakuru maze amubarira ivya ya makete yose uko ari 42! Haciye indwi nka zingahe, ayo makete yari yamaze kunshikira. Muri ayo makete abavyeyi banje bandikishije iminwe, baguma babaza mamawacu amakuru yanje. Ntibigeze bareka kunyitwararikana urukundo. Ni igitangaza kubona ayo makete yararokotse, agasubira kuboneka haciye imyaka irenga 60!

[Amafoto ku rup. 25]

Umuryango wacu uhimbawe waratandukanijwe igihe Hitler yaja ku butegetsi

[Abo dukesha ifoto]

Hitler: U.S. Army photo

[Amafoto ku rup. 26]

1. Ibiro vy’i Magdebourg

2. Ca gipolisi c’Abanazi carafashe Ivyabona ibihumbi n’ibihumbi

[Ifoto ku rup. 28]

Twe na Jim twararonkeye umunezero mwinshi mu murimo wacu w’Ubwami