Ni bande ari abakirisu b’ukuri?

“UBUKIRISU burangwa gusa aho ubumenyi bwerekeye Yezu Kirisitu bwisungwa mu nyigisho no mu bikorwa” (Vyakuwe mu gitabu Kuba umukirisu [mu congereza].). Mu kuvuga ayo majambo, umunyatewolojiya w’Umunyasuwisi yitwa Hans Küng arerekana uku kuri kwibonekeza: Ubukirisu nyakuri burangwa aho usanga abantu b’inziraburyarya bashira mu ngiro inyigisho za Yezu.

Bite none hamwe abantu canke amashirahamwe bovuga ko ari abayoboke ba Kirisitu ariko ugasanga mu vy’ukuri badakurikiza ivyo Yezu yigishije? Yezu ubwiwe yavuze yuko benshi bovuze ko ari abakirisu. Bovuze ibikorwa bakoze bitandukanye kugira berekane ko bamukoreye, mu kuvuga bati: “Ntitwavugishwa n’Imana mw izina ryawe, ntitwasenda abadayimoni mw izina ryawe, ntitwakora ibitangaza vyinshi mw izina ryawe?”. None Yezu yovyakiriye gute? Amajambo akomeye yavuze arerekana urubanza yobaciriye. Yobabwiye ati: “Nta ho nigeze mbamenya; mviraho, mwa bakora ibizira mwe”.​—Matayo 7:22, 23.

Mbega ingabisho ikomeye ihabwa “abakora ibizira” bavuga yuko ngo bakurikira Yezu! Rimbura ibintu bibiri bihambaye Yezu avuga ko abantu bategerezwa gushitsa kugira ngo abemere icese ko ari abakirisu b’ukuri, aho kubikunkumura ababwira ko ari abakora ibizira.

“Ni mwagiriranira urukundo”

Ikintu kimwe Yezu avuga ko gisabwa ni iki: “Ndabaha icagezwe gisha: ni mukundane; nk’uko nabakunze, abe ari ko namwe mukundana. Ni mwagiriranira urukundo, ni ho bose bazomenya ko mur’abigishwa banje”.​—Yohana 13:34, 35, ni twe dushimitse.

Yezu asaba abayoboke biwe kugiriranira urukundo nyakuri no kurugirira abandi bantu. Hari abakirisu benshi umwumwe ukwiwe bagiye barashitsa ico kintu gisabwa mu binjana n’ibindi kuva Yezu abayeho kw’isi. Ariko none, bite ho kuri menshi mu mashirahamwe y’ivy’idini yagiye avuga ko aserukira Kirisitu? Kahise kayo koba kararanzwe n’urukundo? Habe namba. Aho kurangwa n’urukundo, yagiye araba imboneza mu ntambara be n’indyane bidaharurika vyasesetsemwo amaraso y’abantu ata co bazira.​—Ivyahishuriwe 18:24.

Ukwo ni ko vyagenze gushika no mu bihe vya none. Amahanga avuga ngo ni aya gikirisu yarabaye imboneza muri bwa bwicanyi bwaranze za ntambara zibiri z’isi yose zaba mu kinjana ca 20. Muri iyi myaka ya vuba, abayoboke b’amadini y’abitwa ngo ni abakirisu barabaye imboneza muri vya bikorwa vy’ubunyamaswa no muri kwa kugerageza guhonya ubwoko vyaba mu Rwanda mu 1994. Desmond Tutu, uwahoze ari musenyeri mukuru mw’idini ry’abangilikani, yandika ati: “Abasubiranyemwo muri ukwo gusesa amaraso guteye ikinya bari abasangiye ukwizera. Benshi muri bo bari abakirisu”.

“Ni mwaguma mw ijambo ryanje”

Ikintu nyamukuru kigira kabiri abakirisu b’ukuri basabwa, Yezu yaragitomoye igihe yavuga ati: “Ni mwaguma mw ijambo ryanje, mur’abigishwa banje vy’ukuri; kandi muzomenya ukuri, kand’ukuri kuzobaha kwidegemvya”.​—Yohana 8:31, 32, ni twe dushimitse.

Yezu yiteze ko abayoboke biwe baguma mw’ijambo ryiwe, ni ukuvuga kwumira ku nyigisho ziwe. Ah’uko abigisha b’ivy’idini bumira kuri izo nyigisho, wa munyatewolojiya Küng avuga yuko abavuga ngo bakurikira Kirisitu “bagiye barushiriza kwemera ivyiyumviro vy’Abagiriki”. Inyigisho za Yezu bazisubirije ivyiyumviro nk’ivy’uko ngo umuntu afise umutima w’ubwenge udapfa, ivy’ukwemera ipurugatori, ivy’ugusenga Mariya be n’ivy’uko haba umugwi w’abakuru b’idini, ivyo bikaba ari ivyiyumviro vyakomotse mu madini ya gipagani no ku bafilozofe b’abapagani.​—1 Ab’i Korinto 1:19-21; 3:18-20.

Abigisha b’ivy’idini barashizeho kandi inyigisho idatahurika y’Ubutatu, baraduza Yezu bamushira mu kibanza we ubwiwe atigeze arondera. Mu kwigisha ivyo, barahubije abantu babatesha gusenga umwe Yezu yama imisi yose yerekezako abantu, ni ukuvuga Se wiwe Yehova (Matayo 5:16; 6:9; Yohana 14:28; 20:17). Hans Küng yandika ati: “Igihe Yezu avuga Imana, aba ariko avuga ya Mana ya kera ya ba sokuruza Aburahamu, Isaka na Yakobo, ari yo Yahweh. . . . Kuri we iyo ni yo Mana imwe rudende”. Wibaza none ko ari abantu bangana iki muri iki gihe baca babona ko Se wa Yezu akaba ari na we Mana yiwe, ari Yahweh, canke Yehova nk’uko risanzwe ryandikwa mu kirundi?

Indongozi z’amadini zarataye rwose itegeko Yezu yatanze ryo kuguma umuntu atagira aho ahengamiye mu vya politike. Umwanditsi yitwa Trevor Morrow avuga yuko mu gihe ca Yezu, i Galilaya “ari ho hantu hari hatsimbataye rwose ivy’ukwiratira igihugu bishingiye ku bwoko”. Abayuda benshi bitwa ko bakunda igihugu cabo barafashe ibirwanisho bararwana barondera umwidegemvyo mu vya politike no mu vy’idini. None Yezu yoba yabwiye abigishwa biwe kwisuka muri mwene izo ntambara? Ihibambewe. Ahubwo riho, yababwiye ati: ‘Ntimuri ab’isi’ (Yohana 15:19; 17:14). Ariko rero, indongozi z’amadini, aho kuguma zitagira aho zihengamiye, zatsimbataje ico umwanditsi w’umunya Irilande yitwa Hubert Butler adondora ko ari “inyigisho n’ingingo ngenderwako z’amadini zishigikira ivy’ukurwana be n’ivy’ukuja mu vya politike”. Yandika ati: “Ubukirisu bushigikira ivya politike usanga hafi imisi yose bushigikira n’ivy’ukurwana, kandi iyo abakuru mu vya politike n’abakuru mu vy’idini bashitse ku kwumvikana, vyama vyashitse aho idini rica rihezagira ingabo z’igihugu ku bw’inyungu zinaka zaryo”.

Abigisha b’ikinyoma bihakana Yezu

Intumwa Paulo yaravuze ko hobayeho abotaye ubukirisu nyakuri. Yavuze yuko inyuma y’ugupfa kwiwe “amabingira y’inkazi” avuye mu bavuga ko ari abakirisu ‘yovuze ibigoramye kugira ngo akwegere abigishwa inyuma yayo’ (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 20:29, 30). ‘Yovuze yuko azi Imana’, ariko mu vy’ukuri ‘akayihakanisha ivyo akora’ (Tito 1:16). Intumwa Petero yaravuze muri ubwo buryo nyene yuko abigisha b’ikinyoma ‘bozanye inyigisho mu mpisho zirema ibice, zitera guhona, bakihakana na Shebuja yabaguze’. Yavuze yuko ingeso zabo mbi zotumye abantu ‘batuka inzira y’ukuri’ (2 Petero 2:1, 2). Incabwenge imwe mu vy’ikigiriki yitwa W. E. Vine ivuga yuko kwihakana Kirisitu muri ubwo buryo bisobanura “kwanka Data n’Umwana mu gucika umuhuni no mu gukwiragiza inyigisho zonona”.

None Yezu yovyakiriye gute abavuga ko ari abakirisu baramutse banse n’ibigirankana ‘kuguma mw’ijambo ryiwe’ no gushitsa ibindi bintu bisabwa yatomoye? Yagabishije ati: “Umuntu wese azonyihakanira imbere y’abantu, nanje nzomwihakanira imbere ya Data wo mw ijuru” (Matayo 10:33). Mugabo ntiwumve, Yezu ntiyihakana umuntu bishika agakora ikosa kandi asanzwe yipfuza rwose kuguma ari intahemuka. Nk’akarorero, naho intumwa Petero yihakanye Yezu incuro zitatu, yarigaye maze aragirirwa ikigongwe (Matayo 26:69-75). Ariko rero, Yezu arihakana abantu canke amashirahamwe usanga vy’ukuri ari amabingira yambaye nk’intama, bavuga yuko ngo bakurikira Kirisitu ariko bakaguma banka n’ibigirankana gukurikiza inyigisho ziwe. Ku vyerekeye mwene abo bigisha b’ikinyoma, Yezu yavuze ati: “Muzobamenyera ku vyo bama”.​—Matayo 7:15-20.

Intumwa zimaze gupfa ubuhuni na bwo ngo natanzwe

Abakirisu b’ikinyoma batanguye ryari kwihakana Kirisitu? Inyuma gatoyi y’urupfu rwiwe. Ubwiwe yagabishije avuga yuko Shetani wa Mucokoranyi yociye abiba “urwamfu”, ari bo bakirisu b’ikinyoma, mu “mbuto nziza”, ari bo bakirisu b’ukuri, izo Yezu yabivye mu gihe c’igikorwa ciwe (Matayo 13:24, 25, 37-39). Intumwa Paulo yagabishije avuga yuko abigisha b’uruhendo bari bamaze gutangura gukora mu gihe ciwe. Yavuze yuko imvo nyamukuru yatumye abo bigisha b’ikinyoma bakevya bagata inyigisho za Yezu Kirisitu, yari iy’uko ‘batakunda ukuri’ koko.​—2 Ab’i Tesalonike 2:10.

Igihe intumwa za Yezu Kirisitu zari zikiriho, zabaye nk’izibuza canke izitangira ubwo buhuni. Ariko rero, inyuma y’urupfu rw’intumwa, indongozi z’amadini, zikoresheje “ubushobozi bgose n’ibimenyetso n’ibitangaza vy’ibinyoma n’ubugunge bgose bgo kugabitanya” kugira ngo zizimize benshi, zarakebeje abantu bagiye barushiriza kwongerekana, zibakura ku kuri Yezu n’intumwa ziwe bigishije (2 Ab’i Tesalonike 2:3, 6-12). Umufilozofe w’Umwongereza yitwa Bertrand Russell yandika avuga yuko hashize igihe, ishengero rya gikirisu ryo mu ntango ryahinduwe ricika ishirahamwe ry’ivy’idini “ryotumye Yezu, eka mbere na Paulo batangara”.

Ubukirisu nyakuri busubizwaho

Ivyabaye biratomoye. Uravye vyinshi mu bintu vyakozwe mw’izina ry’ubukirisu kuva aho intumwa zipfiriye, uca ubona ko Kirisitu atari abirimwo. Ariko rero, ivyo ntibisigura ko Yezu atashikije umuhango yatanze wo kuba kumwe n’abayoboke biwe “imisi yose, gushitsa ku muhero w’isi” (Matayo 28:20). Turashobora guhera amazinda yuko kuva Yezu avuze ayo majambo, habaye abantu b’intahemuka, muri bo “ubumenyi bwerekeye Yezu Kirisitu” bukaba “[bwaragaragariye] mu nyigisho no mu bikorwa”. Yezu Kirisitu yarashikanye umuhango yatanze wo gufata mu mugongo mwene abo bantu bagiye barihatira kugaragaza rwa rukundo ruranga abakirisu b’ukuri no kuguma bumiye ku kuri yigishije.

N’ikiruta ivyo, Yezu yasezeranye yuko mu misi ya nyuma y’ivy’iyi si yokoranirije hamwe abigishwa biwe b’intahemuka bakagira ishengero rya gikirisu ryoroshe kumenya, iryo yokoresheje mu gushitsa ivyo agomba (Matayo 24:14, 45-47). Ubu, ariko akoresha iryo shengero mu gukoraniriza hamwe “ishengero ryinshi” ry’abagabo n’abagore be n’abana, “bo mu mahanga yose n’imiryango yose n’amoko yose n’indimi zose”, akaba kandi ariko abakoraniriza munsi y’ubukuru bwiwe, bagize “umukuku umwe” urongowe n’“umwungere umwe”.​—Ivyahishuriwe 7:9, 14-17; Yohana 10:16; Abanyefeso 4:11-16.

Ku bw’ivyo rero, nuvavanure n’inzego canke amashirahamwe vyasize iceyi izina rya Kirisitu bikongera bigateza urubwa ubukirisu muri iyi myaka irenga ibihumbi bibiri iheze. Ahandi ho, nk’uko Yezu Kirisitu yabwiye intumwa Yohani, ushobora kuzohava ‘uhabwa ku vyago vyavyo’ Imana niyashitsa urubanza rwimirije yabiciriye (Ivyahishuriwe 1:1; 18:4, 5). Niwiyemeze kuba mu bantu umuhanuzi Mika yavuze ivyabo igihe yavuga ko “mu misi y’iherezo” abasenga b’ukuri, ni ukuvuga abantu bari mu bukirisu bw’ukuri, bokwumvirije inyigisho z’Imana maze ‘bakagendera mu nzira zayo’ z’ugusenga kw’ukuri kwasubijweho (Mika 4:1-4). Abanditsi b’iki kinyamakuru bazohimbarwa no kugufasha kumenya abo basenga b’ukuri.

[Amafoto ku rup. 5]

Ni kubera iki abakirisu b’ukuri batagira uruhara mu ntambara?

[Abo dukesha amafoto]

Abasoda, i bubamfu: U.S. National Archives photo; ikirwanisho kiruka urubeya, i buryo: U.S. Army Photo

[Amafoto ku rup. 7]

Ibintu bibiri bihambaye Yezu yavuze ko abakirisu b’ukuri bakwiye gushitsa ni ibi: ‘Mugiriranire urukundo’ hamwe na ‘mugume mw’ijambo ryanje’