Inkuru y’ubuzima

Kwumira kw’ibanga vyaratumye ngira umunezero

NK’UKO VYAVUZWE NA MÁRIO ROCHA DE SOUZA

“Emwe, sinzi vy’ukuri ko Umushingantahe Rocha azohakura agatwe niyabagwa”. Ayo majambo avuna umutima, yavuzwe n’umuganga umwe ariko avuga ivyo yiyumvira ko vyonshikiye. Ubu haraheze imyaka 20, ariko raba ndacari muzima, nkaba ndi umwamamaji w’igihe cose w’Icabona ca Yehova. Ni igiki none camfashije kwumira kw’ibanga muri iyi myaka yose iheze?

NAKURIYE kw’iyorero-rimiro ryari hafi y’i Santo Estêvão, ico kikaba ari ikigwati kiri muri Leta ya Bahia mu Buraruko bushira Ubuseruko bwa Berezile. Nshikanye imyaka indwi, naratanguye kuza ndafasha dawe gukora muri iryo yororero-rimiro. Imisi yose mvuye kw’ishure yarampa igikorwa nkora. Mu nyuma, igihe cose dawe yaba agiye mu vy’ugucuruza i Salvador umurwa mukuru w’iyo Leta, yaransigira iryo yororero-rimiro ngo abe ari jewe ndariraba.

Nta muyagankuba, canke amazi yo kw’ibombo, cabure ibindi bintu bigezweko abantu bakunze gukoresha muri iki gihe twari dufise, yamara twari duhimbawe. Narakunda gukinisha ireresi canke utuduga two mu biti twe n’abagenzi banje twaba twakoze. Ikindi kandi, naravuza umwironge mu gihe c’ibirori vy’idini. Nari mu mugwi w’abaririmvyi bo mw’idini ryo ng’aho, kandi muri iryo dini ni ho naboneye igitabu citwa História Sagrada (Kahise keranda), kikaba catumye nipfuza kumenya ivyerekeye Bibiliya.

Mu 1932, igihe nari mfise imyaka 20, mu Buraruko bushira Ubuseruko bwa Berezile harateye uruzuba rwamaze igihe kirekire. Inka zacu zarapfuye, ivyimburwa na vyo ntivyaboneka, maze nca nimukira i Salvador, aho naciye ndonka akazi ko gutwara amagariyamoshi. Mu nyuma, narapanze inzu maze ndazana abavyeyi banje be n’abo tuvukana ngo tubane. Mu 1944, dawe yarasandavye, maze aba ari jewe nsigara ntunze mawe, bashikanje umunani na barumunanje batatu.

Mba umwamamaji w’inkuru nziza ndi umushoferi w’igariyamoshi

Kimwe mu bintu vya mbere nakoze igihe nashika i Salvador kwabaye ukugura Bibiliya. Haheze imyaka mikeyi ndi mw’idini ry’ababatisite, narunze ubugenzi n’uwitwa Durval, uwo akaba na we nyene yari umushoferi w’igariyamoshi. Akenshi twe na Durval twaramara umwanya utari muto turiko turayaga ku vyerekeye Bibiliya. Umusi umwe yarampaye agatabu kavuga ngo Où sont les morts?a (Abapfuye bari hehe?). Naho nemera yuko umuntu afise muri we igihimba kitaboneka kidapfa, numva nshaka cane kuraba nitonze ivyanditswe vyo muri Bibiliya vyasubiwemwo mu majambo muri ako gatabu. Naratangaye nsanze Bibiliya yemeza yuko abantu ata gihimba kitaboneka kidapfa kiri muri bo.

Durval abonye ukuntu nashimishwa cane n’ivya Bibiliya, yaciye asaba umusuku umwe w’igihe cose w’Icabona ca Yehova yitwa Antônio Andrade ngo angendere i muhira. Antônio amaze kungendera irigira gatatu, yarambajije nimba nojana na we kubwira abandi ivyo Bibiliya yigisha. Amaze kuyagisha abo ku mihana ibiri ya mbere, yaciye ambwira ati: “Ubu ni we uramukiwe”. Naratekewe n’ubwoba, mugabo icanezereje ni uko hari umuryango umwe waduteze yompi wongera urakira ibitabu bibiri nawushikirije. N’ubu, ndanezerwa cane igihe duhuye n’umuntu ashimishwa n’ukuri kwo muri Bibiliya.

Ku wa 19 Ndamukiza 1943, ku musi wo kwibuka urupfu rwa Kirisitu muri uwo mwaka, narabatirijwe mw’Ibahari Atalantike hafi y’i Salvador. Kubera ko ata bavukanyi baciye uruma bari bahari, naragenywe ngo nze ndafasha umugwi w’Ivyabona wakoranira mu nzu y’umuvukanyi Andrade, iyo nzu ikaba yari kuri kamwe mu tubarabara duhuza igice co haruguru n’ic’epfo vy’igisagara ca Salvador.

Ukuntu igikorwa cacu carwanijwe mu ntango

Muri ya myaka yabamwo ya Ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose (1939-1945), igikorwa cacu ca gikirisu nticabonwa neza. Abategetsi bamwebamwe bibaza yuko turi abatasi ba Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kubera ko vyinshi mu bitabu vyacu ari yo vyava. Ivyo vyatumye abavukanyi baza barafatwa bongera basambishwa. Igihe Icabona kanaka yaba yagiye mu busuku bwo mu ndimiro mugabo ntagaruke, twaca twibwira yuko bamutaye mu mvuto, maze tugaca tuja ku bapolisi kugira ngo turabe ukuntu yobohorwa.

Muri Myandagaro 1943, Icabona umwe w’Umudagi yitwa Adolphe Messmer yaraje i Salvador kugira ngo adufashe kuringaniza ibijanye n’iteraniro ryacu rya mbere. Abategetsi bamaze kuduha uruhusha rwo kugira iryo teraniro, haratangajwe mu binyamakuru vyo ng’aho ko hagiye gushikirizwa insiguro y’icese ivuga ngo “Umwidegemvyo mw’isi nshasha”, hongera haramanikwa ibipapuro vyo gutangaza iyo nsiguro ku madirisha y’amaduka no ku magariyamoshi. Ku musi ugira kabiri w’iryo teraniro, twagiye tubona umupolisi aza kutubwira yuko uruhusha twari twahawe rwo kugira iryo teraniro rwafuswe. Musenyeri mukuru w’i Salvador ni we yari yagiye mu matwi umukuru w’igipolisi aramuremera amusaba guhagarika iryo teraniro ryacu. Ariko rero, amaherezo mu kwezi kwa Ndamukiza kwakurikiye twarahawe uruhusha rwo gushikiriza iyo nsiguro y’icese yari yaratangajwe.

Ndondera gushikira umugambi nishingiye

Mu 1946, naratumiwe kwitaba Iteraniro rya gitewokarasi ryataziriwe ngo “Amahanga ahimbawe” ryabereye mu gisagara ca São Paulo. Umukapitene umwe w’ubwato butwara ibidandazwa w’i Salvador yaremereye bamwe muri twebwe kwipakiza muri ubwo bwato nimba twemeye kuryama hanze ku gice cabwo c’amaja imbere. Naho twashikiwe n’imikuba ikomeye yatumye twese tugira iseseme, twarashitse amarembe i Rio de Janeiro haciye imisi ine turi mu mazi. Ivyabona b’i Rio baratwakiriye i muhira iwabo, turahamara imisi mikeyi, maze turabandanya urugendo n’igariyamoshi. Abavukanyi bakeyi bafise ibitambara vyanditseko ngo “Kaze Vyabona vya Yehova” baraturamukije baduha ikaze igihe igariyamoshi yari idutwaye yashika i São Paulo.

Inyuma gatoyi y’aho nsubiriye i Salvador, narabwiye umumisiyonari umwe aturuka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yitwa Harry Black yuko nipfuza kuba umutsimvyi, ukwo akaba ari ko abasuku b’igihe cose b’Ivyabona vya Yehova bitwa. Harry yaranyibukije yuko mfise amabanga yo mu muryango mbwirizwa kwitwararika, maze aca ampanura ko nobanza ngatenyenya. Amaherezo muri Ruheshi 1952, barumunanje na bashikanje bari basigaye birwanako mu vy’ubutunzi, maze nca ngenwa kuba umutsimvyi mw’ishengero ritoyi ry’i Ilhéus, iryari ku bilometero 210 ku nkengera y’ibahari uvuye i Salvador.

Ngaragarizwa umutima mwiza

Mu mwaka ukurikira, nararungitswe gukorera i Jequié, igisagara kinini co mu gihugu hagati aho wasanga ata Cabona n’umwe ariyo. Umuntu wa mbere nagendeye yari umupatiri waho. Yambwiye yuko ico gisagara ari iciwe yongera arambuza kwamamazayo inkuru nziza. Yaragabishije abayoboke b’idini yari arongoye yuko ngo haje umuhanuzi w’ikinyoma, yongera arungika inderetsi hirya no hino mu gisagara ngo barereke ivyo nkora. Yamara, umusi ivyo vyaba natanze ibitabu bivuga ivya Bibiliya birenga 90 nongera ntanguza inyigisho za Bibiliya zine. Inyuma y’imyaka ibiri, i Jequié hari hasigaye hari Ingoro y’Ubwami, n’Ivyabona 36! Ubu hari amashengero umunani, n’Ivyabona bashika 700.

Mu mezi ya mbere namaze i Jequié, naba mu kumba gatoyi nari mpanze mu gace kari amaja ku mpera y’igisagara. Nahavuye menyana na Miguel Vaz de Oliveira, akaba yari nyene ihoteli yitwa Sudoeste, kandi iyo hoteli yari imwe mu mahoteli mezameza y’i Jequié. Miguel yaremeye kwiga Bibiliya arananyinginga ngo nimukire mu cumba kimwe c’iyo hoteli yiwe. Miguel n’umukenyezi wiwe bahavuye baba Ivyabona.

Ikindi kintu giteye umunezero nibuka cabaye igihe nari i Jequié, ni ikijanye n’umwigisha umwe wo mw’ishure ryisumbuye twigana Bibiliya yitwa Luiz Cotrim. Luiz yarambajije niba noshima ko amfasha kurushiriza kumenya ururimi rw’igiporotigali be n’ibiharuro. Narirya nari nize amashure y’intango gusa, naciye nemera. Ivyo vyigwa nagira buri ndwi duhejeje kwigana Bibiliya na Luiz, vyaranteguye ku bw’utundi duteka nahavuye nterwa mw’ishirahamwe rya Yehova.

Ikindi kintu kitanyoroheye

Mu 1956, nararonse ikete rintumira kuja ku biro vy’ishami, ico gihe bikaba vyari mu gisagara ca Rio de Janeiro, kugira ngo menyerezwe mu bijanye no kuba umucungezi w’umuzunguruko, nk’uko abasuku b’ingenzi b’Ivyabona vya Yehova bitwa. Ivyo vyigwa vyo kumenyerezwa, ivyari vyitabwe n’abandi bavukanyi umunani, vyamaze ikiringo kirenga gatoyi ukwezi. Birangiye, naciye ndungikwa gukorera i São Paulo. Kwumva ko ngiye gukorera i São Paulo vyarampagaritse umutima. Nibajije nti: ‘N’inda n’indesho, jewe umwirabure nzoturukira bariya Bataliyano bose? Boba bazonyakira?’b.

Mw’ishengero rya mbere nagendeye mu ntara ya Santo Amaro, nararemeshejwe n’ukubona Ingoro y’Ubwami yuzuye Ivyabona bagenzanje be n’abantu bashimishijwe n’inkuru nziza. Icagiye kunjijura yuko ata mpamvu nari mfise yo kugira ubwoba, ni uko abantu 97 bose bagize iryo shengero bifatanije nanje mu busuku muri iyo ndwi. Nibwiye ku mutima nti: ‘Emwe, ni abavukanyi banje vy’ukuri’. Igishika c’abo bavukanyi n’abavukanyikazi banje bakundwa caratumye ngira ingoga zo gukomera kw’ibanga muri ico gikorwa co kugendera amashengero.

Indogoba, amafarasi be n’igikoko kirya inswa n’ibinyegeri

Imwe mu ngorane zikomeye cane abacungezi b’ingenzi bagize mu bihe vya mbere, zari ingendo ndende bafata kugira bashikire amashengero be n’imigwi mitomito y’Ivyabona mu turere two hagati mu gihugu. Muri utwo turere, uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza wasanga budashemeye canke ata bwo, kandi amayira menshi wasanga ari ay’ibivu kandi yaga.

Imizunguruko imwimwe yaratoreye umuti iyo ngorane mu kugura indogoba canke ifarasi umucungezi w’umuzunguruko akoresha. Ku musi wa mbere, narashira amatandiko kuri nya ndogoba canke nya farasi, nkayiboherako utwanje, ngaca mfata urugendo rw’amasaha ashika 12 ngiye mw’ishengero ryaba riramukiwe. Mu gisagara ca Santa Fé do Sul, Ivyabona bari bafise indogoba yitwa Dourado (canke Goldie) yari izi inzira ija ku migwi y’inyigisho yo hagati mu gihugu. Iyo ndogoba Dourado yarashobora guhagarara ku marembo y’iyororero-rimiro maze ikarindira yitekerereje ko nugurura. Duhejeje kugendera umugwi munaka, twe na Dourado twarashobora guca tubandanya tukaja ku mugwi ukurikira.

Kuba kandi ata buryo bwo guhanahana amakuru butomoye bwari buhari, vyaratuma igikorwa c’ubucungezi kitoroha. Nk’akarorero, kugira ngo ngendere umugwi mutoyi w’Ivyabona wikoraniriza kw’iyororero-rimiro rimwe ryo muri Leta ya Mato Grosso, nabwirizwa kujabuka Uruzi Araguaia n’ubwato hanyuma nkagenda ibilometero nka 25 ndi ku ndogoba canke kw’ifarasi nca mw’ishamba. Igihe kimwe narandikiye uwo mugwi kugira ndawumenyeshe ko nzowugendera, ariko biboneka ko iryo kete ritashitse kuko ata n’umwe yari andindiriye igihe najabuka urwo ruzi. Ku muhingamo amasaha yitereye ni ho nasaba nyene akabare kamwe ngo andabire umuzigo wanje, maze nca ndahaha n’amaguru mfise agashakoshi gusa.

Ntibwatevye kwira. Mu gihe nariko ngenda ntsitagurika mu mwiza, nagiye numva igikoko kimwe kirya inswa n’ibinyegeri gipfunye. Nari narumvise bavuga yuko ico gikoko gishobora guhaguruka kikica umuntu gikoresheje amaboko yaco usanga akomeye cane. Ku bw’ivyo, igihe cose haba hagize agakacira mu vyatsi vyo muri iryo shamba, naca ntambuka niyubara nikingirije ako gashakoshi imbere yanje. Maze amasaha ndiko ndagenda, narashikiriye akagezi kamwe. Ariko rero, kubera ko hari mu mwiza, sinamenye ko hakurya y’ako kagezi hariho uruzitiro rugizwe na mwene vya bitsinga bihanda. Naritaje ndasimba ako kagezi, nsanga nguye muri rwa ruzitiro, vya bitsinga bihanda na vyo ngo twakubonye!

Amaherezo narashitse kuri iryo yororero-rimiro, maze nakirwa n’imbwa ziriko zirakuga. Kubera ko ibisuma vyiba intama vyakunda kuza gutera mw’ijoro, igihe umwango wugururwa naciye nyaragasa kwidondora. Emwe, ntegerezwa kuba nari nteye akagongwe uravye ukuntu impuzu zari zatabaguritse kandi ziriko amaraso. Ariko ico nticabujije ko abavukanyi bahimbarwa bambonye.

Naho naciye muri ivyo bintu bitoroshe, iyo misi yabaye iy’agahimbare. Nararyohewe no kugira izo ngendo ndende kw’ifarasi canke ku maguru, rimwe na rimwe nkaza ndaruhukira mu gitutu c’ibiti, nkumviriza ingene inyoni ziririmba, nkongera nkihweza ukuntu imbwebwe zirengana muri ayo mayira yo muri ako gahinga ka nyaganande. Kumenya ko kuba naragendera amashengero vyafasha abantu vy’ukuri, na vyo nyene vyarambereye isoko ry’umunezero. Abenshi baranyandikiye bankengurukira. Abandi na bo baranshimira igihe twaba duhuriye ku materaniro. Ese ukuntu vyantera umunezero kubona abantu batsinda ingorane zabo maze bagatera imbere mu vy’impwemu!

Nza naronka umufasha

Muri iyo myaka namaze nkora ico gikorwa co kugendera amashengero, akenshi naba ndi jenyene kandi ivyo vyaranyigishije kwiheka kuri Yehova we “gitandara canje, n’ubuhungiro bganje” (Zaburi 18:2). N’ikindi kandi, narabona yuko kuguma ndi umwirebange vyamfashije kwitwararika cane ivy’Ubwami.

Ariko rero mu 1978, naramenyanye n’umuvukanyikazi w’umutsimvyi yitwa Júlia Takahashi. Yari yarahevye akazi k’ubuforomakazi yakora mw’ivuriro rimwe rinini ryo muri São Paulo kugira aje gukorera aho abamamaji b’Ubwami bari bakenewe cane kuruta ahandi. Abakurambere barashimagiza cane kamere nziza zo mu vy’impwemu afise be n’ukuntu ari umutsimvyi abishoboye. Nk’uko nawe ushobora kuvyibaza, ingingo nafashe yo kwubaka maze iyo myaka myinshi gutyo hari abo yatangaje. Hari umugenzi wanje umwe yanse kuvyemera, aca anyemerera yuko ninaramuka nubatse vy’ukuri azongabira impfizi y’ibilo 270. Kandi uzi n’inkuru, iyo mpfizi yarabazwe irotswa ku gatutu k’ubugeni bwanje bwabaye ku wa 1 Mukakaro 1978.

Ndumira kw’ibanga naho mfise amagara make

Júlia yarifatanije nanje muri ico gikorwa co kugendera amashengero, kandi mu myaka umunani yakurikiye twaragendeye amashengero yo muri Berezile aherereye mu Bumanuko be no mu Bumanuko bushira Ubuseruko. Ico gihe ni ho natangura kurwara umutima. Vyarashitse kabiri kose ndata ubwenge igihe nariko ndavugana n’abantu ndi mu gikorwa co kwamamaza. Kubera amagara make nari mfise, twaremeye kurungikwa gukorera i Birigüi muri Leta ya São Paulo turi abatsimvyi badasanzwe.

Ico gihe Ivyabona b’i Birigüi barashimye kunjana n’imodoka kwisuzumisha ku muganga w’i Goiânia, aho hakaba hari kure cane nko ku bilometero 500. Igihe natora mitende, narabazwe kugira ngo banshiremwo akuma gatuma umutima utera neza, hakaba haciye imyaka nka 20 ivyo bibaye. Naho nabazwe kandi kabiri mu buryo bukomeye, ndacagira uruhara mu gikorwa co guhindura abantu abigishwa. Cokimwe n’abandi bakenyezi bakirisu, Júlia yamye ankomeza yongera andemesha.

Naho ingorane z’amagara zatumye mba ntagishoboye gukora cane zikaba kandi rimwe na rimwe zihora zituma ncika intege, ndacashoboye gukora ubutsimvyi. Nama niyibutsa yuko Yehova atigeze adusezeranira ko twobayeho muri ino si ishaje tutagira ingorane n’imwe. Nimba intumwa Paulo be n’abandi bakirisu b’intahemuka bo mu gihe ca kera barabwirijwe kwihangana bakumira kw’ibanga, tweho kuki?​—Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 14:22.

Ubushize nagiye mbona ngwa kuri Bibiliya ya mbere naronse mu myaka ya 1930. Imbere ku gipfukisho nari naranditsemwo 350, ico kikaba cari igitigiri c’abamamaji b’Ubwami bari muri Berezile igihe natangura kwitaba amakoraniro ya gikirisu mu 1943. Kuba ubu muri Berezile hari Ivyabona barenga 600.000, emwe, birasiga ubwenge. Ese ukuntu ari agateka ntangere kuba naragize akantu gatoyi nterereye muri iryo yongerekana! Vy’ukuri Yehova yarampezagiye cane kubera ko numiye kw’ibanga. Nka kumwe kw’umwanditsi wa Zaburi, ndashobora kuvuga nti: “Ni koko, Uhoraho yadukoreye ibikomeye, natwe turanezerewe”.​—Zaburi 126:3.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Ifoto ku rup. 9]

Aha Ivyabona bariko baratangaza mu 1943 ya nsiguro y’icese yari gushikirizwa kw’iteraniro rya mbere ryabereye i Salvador

[Ifoto ku rup. 10]

Ivyabona bashitse i São Paulo kugira ngo bitabe rya Teraniro ryaba mu 1946 ryataziriwe ngo “Amahanga ahimbawe”

[Ifoto ku rup. 10, 11]

Aha nari mu gikorwa c’ukugendera amashengero mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1950

[Ifoto ku rup. 12]

Aha nari kumwe n’umukenyezi wanje Júlia