Ibibazo vy’abasomyi

Igihe Yezu Kristu yarungika za ntumwa 12 kwamamaza, yoba yarazibwiye kwitwaza inkoni no kwambara inkweto?

Abantu bamwebamwe baraharira bavuga yuko za Njili zitatu zigana ingene Yezu yarungitse intumwa ziwe zivuguruzanya. Ariko rero, tugereranije izo nkuru, turashobora gushika ku ciyumviro gishimishije. Ubwa mbere, nugereranye ivyo Mariko na Luka banditse. Inkuru ya Mariko ivuga iti: “[Yezu] abategeka . . . kutagira ikintu na kimwe bitwaza ku bw’urugendo kiretse inkoni yonyene, ntibitwaze umukate, umupfuko w’ibifungurwa, canke amahera mu masaho yabo yo ku mikanda, mugabo abategeka kwambara inkweto, no kutambara impuzu zibiri zo munsi.” (Mrk. 6:7-9) Luka yanditse ati: “Ntimugire ikintu na kimwe mwitwaza ku bw’urugendo, yaba inkoni canke umupfuko w’ibifungurwa, canke umukate canke amafeza; canke ngo mugire impuzu zibiri zo munsi.” (Luka 9:1-3) Ng’aho turabona ivyiyumviro bisa n’ibivuguruzanya. Twisunze ivyo Mariko yanditse, izo ntumwa zabwiwe kwitwaza inkoni no kwambara canke gupfunga inkweto, mugabo inkuru ya Luka ivuga yuko ata kintu na kimwe bari kwitwaza, naho yoba inkoni. Luka ntavuga ivyerekeye inkweto, mu gihe Mariko we abivuga.

Kugira ngo utahure ico Yezu yashaka kuvuga ico gihe, raba imvugo izo Njili zitatu zose zihurizako. Mu nkuru duhejeje gusubiramwo hamwe no muri Matayo 10:5-10, izo ntumwa zabwiwe kutambara canke kutagira “impuzu zibiri zo munsi.” Birashoboka rwose yuko umwumwe wese mu ntumwa yari yambaye impuzu yo munsi imwe. Nta yindi rero bari kwitwaza ku bw’urugendo. Muri ubwo buryo nyene, bari basanzwe bambaye inkweto. Ntibari kwironsa uwundi mwambaro ku bw’urugendo. Tuvuge iki ku bijanye n’inkoni? Inkoranyabumenyi imwe (The Jewish Encyclopedia) ivuga iti: “Bisa n’uko Abaheburayo ba kera bose bari bafise umugenzo wo kwitwaza inkoni.” (Ita. 32:10) Mariko yavuze yuko izo ntumwa zategerezwa “kutagira ikintu na kimwe [z]itwaza ku bw’urugendo” kiretse inkoni zari zifise igihe Yezu yaziha iryo tegeko. Ku bw’ivyo, abo banditsi b’Injili bariko barashimika ku buyobozi Yezu yari yatanze bwo kudakevya ngo baje kurondera ibindi bintu vyari kubafasha muri urwo rugendo.

Ico ciyumviro kirashimikwako kandi na Matayo, uno akaba yariyumviye itegeko Yezu yatanze ico gihe maze araryandika. Yezu yavuze ati: “Ntimutekere inzahabu canke ifeza canke umujumpu mu masaho yanyu yo ku mikanda, canke umupfuko w’ibifungurwa ku bw’urugendo, canke impuzu zibiri zo munsi canke inkweto canke inkoni; kuko umukozi akwiriye ibifungurwa vyiwe.” (Mat. 10:9, 10) Tuvuge iki ku bijanye n’inkweto izo ntumwa zari zambaye be n’inkoni zari zitwaje? Yezu yoba yariko arababwira guta ivyo bintu? Oya, yariko arababwira gusa kudatakaza umwanya bariko bararondera ivyo bintu. Kubera iki none yabahaye iryo tegeko? Kubera ko “umukozi akwiriye ibifungurwa vyiwe.” Ico ni co ciyumviro nyamukuru cari muri iryo tegeko rya Yezu, kino kikaba cari gihuye n’impanuro yatanze muri ya Nsiguro yo ku Musozi yuko badakwiye kwiganyira ku vyo boriye, ku vyo bonyoye canke ku vyo bokwambaye.​—Mat. 6:25-32.

Naho izo nkuru zo muri izo Njili zoshobora gusa n’izivuguruzanya umuntu akizisoma, zose zari zitekeye iciyumviro kimwe. Izo ntumwa zategerezwa kugenda uko zari, ntizisamazwe no gutekera ibindi bintu birenze ku vyo zari zifise. Uti kubera iki? Kubera ko Yehova yozironkeje ivyo zikeneye.

“Umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi” Salomo yavuze bari bande?​—Umus. 2:8.

Ntidushobora kwemeza neza abo ari bo, mugabo ikintu kimwe gishoboka ni uko bari abagore b’abamenyekana Salomo yabona baje ku kirimba ciwe.

Mu Musiguzi ikigabane ca 2, Salomo yaravuze ibintu bitandukanye yari yararanguye, harimwo n’inyubakwa nyinshi yubatse. Yongeyeko ati: “Narirundanirije kandi ifeza n’inzahabu, n’itunga ryiharizwa n’abami n’intara z’ubutware. Narishiriyeho abaririmvyi n’abaririmvyikazi n’ibisosa vy’abana b’abantu, umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi.”​—Umus. 2:8.

Abasobanuzi b’ivya Bibiliya benshi bavuga yuko abo “bakenyezi” Salomo yariko aravuga bari abagore benshi b’abanyamahangakazi be n’incoreke nyinshi yari afise amaze kwiterera mu myaka, ni ukuvuga ba bagore batuma aja mu vy’ugusenga kw’ikinyoma. (1 Abm. 11:1-4) Ariko rero, iyo nsobanuro irimwo ingorane. Igihe Salomo yandika ayo majambo, yari asanzwe azinanyi n’“umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi.” Ico gihe yari agishimwa na Yehova, kubera ko Imana yamuhumekera kugira ngo yandike ibitabo vyo muri Bibiliya. Ivyo ntibihuye na gato n’ukuntu ivyiwe vyari vyifashe amaze kwiterera mu myaka igihe yari afise abagore n’incoreke amajana b’abanyamahangakazi maze akaja mu vy’ugusenga kw’ikinyoma.

Mu gitabu c’Umusiguzi, Salomo yavuze ko “yarondeye gutora amajambo aryoshe no kwandika amajambo y’ukuri atagira amakosa.” (Umus. 12:10) Biboneka ko yari azi amajambo yokoresha mu kuvuga “umugore,” “umwamikazi,” be n’“incoreke,” kubera ko yakoresheje ayo majambo mu vyo yanditse ahumekewe. (Imig. 5:18; 12:4; 18:22; Umus. 9:9; Ind. 6:8, 9) Mugabo mu Musiguzi 2:8, ntakoresha ayo majambo amenyerewe.

Mu majambo “umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi,” ni ho honyene muri Bibiliya dusanga iyo nyubako (rudende na bwinshi) y’ijambo ry’igiheburayo ritamenyerewe. Incabwenge ziriyemerera yuko insobanuro yayo itazwi neza. Abahinduzi benshi ba Bibiliya bavuga yuko amajambo ari mu Musiguzi 2:8 yerekeza ku bagore, bano bakaba bavugwa muri rudende hanyuma muri bwinshi canke mu buryo bwerekana ko bari beza cane. Imvugo ngo “umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi” iraserura ico ciyumviro.

Salomo yari azwi cane gushika n’aho umwamikazi wo mu bwami bwa Sheba bwari butunze cane yumva ibimwerekeye, akamugendera, maze agatangara. (1 Abm. 10:1, 2) Ivyo birerekana insobanuro imwe ishoboka y’imvugo Salomo yakoresheje ngo “umukenyezi, mbere abakenyezi.” Yoshobora kuba yariko arerekeza ku bagore b’abamenyekana yabona baje ku kirimba ciwe muri ya myaka myinshi igihe yari agitoneshwa n’Imana.