Urwanda

URWANDA ni kimwe mu bihugu bitobito kuruta ibindi muri Afrika, kikaba na kimwe mu bihugu bibereye ijisho kuruta ibindi. Urwanda rukunze kwitwa ngo ni Igihugu c’imisozi igihumbi, rukaba rufise imisozi, amashamba, ibiyaga n’amasumo y’amazi, tutibagiye amoko injojo y’ibiterwa n’ibikoko. Mu burengero ku rubibe ico gihugu gihana na Republika iharanira demokrasi ya Kongoa no mu buraruko ku rubibe gihana n’Ubuganda, hari akarere k’imisozi kiganziwe n’imisozi yitwa Virunga. Umusozi Karisimbi, ari na wo muremure kuruta iyindi yose muri urwo runani, ni ikirunga kimaze igihe gitekereje. Ufise uburebure bw’imetero 4.480, akenshi isonga ryawo rikaba ryama ryera kubera ibibarafu. Umanutse gatoyi ku nkike z’iyo misozi, uca ubona amashamba y’imigano izitanye hamwe n’amashamba ya manyenye, aho inkende zisa n’inzahabu ziguma ziginagura mu mashami no mu vyatsi birandarara ku biti. Vyongeye, muri ayo mashamba atotahaye ni ho usanga za nguge zo mu misozi, zikaba ari kimwe mu bintu vy’agaciro Urwanda rutunze.

Ibiterwa biryoheye ijisho be n’ivyatsi bitotahaye biramanuka gushika ku nkengera z’Ikiyaga Kivu be no kw’Ishamba rya Nyungwe. Iryo shamba urisangamwo imamfu, inkende z’amabara yera n’ayirabura be n’amoko arenga 70 y’ibindi bikoko vyonsa. Ririmwo amoko y’ibiti ashika 270 hamwe n’amoko y’inyoni yababa 300. Ibinyugunyugu n’amashurwe umuyoro yo mu muryango w’ayitwa orchidée atuma ako karere gakingiwe kagira ubwiza bw’igitangaza.

Hagati na hagati mw’Ishamba rya Nyungwe, hari akagezi gatoyi gatemba kagana mu buseruko. Buhorobuhoro, iyindi migezi n’inzuzi bigenda birakiyungako kagaca kisuka mu Kiyaga Victoria. Ayo mazi aca ava ng’aho agashunguruka bwampi afise umurindi n’inguvu nyinshi akabandanya urugendo rwayo rurerure agana mu buraruko. Araheza agaca muri Etiyopiya agashishikara no muri Sudani akaruhukira mu Misiri agaca acika uruzi Nili, runo rugaca rwisuka mu Kiyaga Mediterane. Urwo ruzi, ruhereye kw’isoko ryarwo umengo nta co rivuze riri mu mirambi yisakaye ibiti yo hagati muri Afrika, ruratemba rukagenda ibilometero bishika 6.825, bigatuma ruba rumwe mu nzuzi ndende kuruta izindi zose kw’isi.

IBIHE VY’UMUDURUMBANYO

Ikibabaje, ako gahugu k’Urwanda kangana urwara karabayemwo ubwicanyi buteye ikinya. Abantu ibihumbi amajana bagizwe n’abagabo, abagore n’abana, barishwe bunyamaswa muri rimwe mu mahonyabwoko y’agahomerabunwa kuruta ayandi yose yabaye mu bihe vya vuba. Amasanamu y’agacavutu aho abantu bicwa ata camira yarerekanywe kw’isi yose, bituma benshi bifata ku munwa babonye ukuntu umuntu ahinduka akamera nk’igikoko.—Umus. 8:9.

None abasavyi ba Yehova b’abizigirwa bavyifashemwo gute muri ivyo bihe bitoroshe no mu myaka yakurikiye? Cokimwe na ka kagezi umengo nta co kavuze kava mw’Ishamba rya Nyungwe kagatsinda intambamyi zose, kakihanganira uruzuba rwo muri Afrika maze kagacika uruzi amahanga, Ivyabona vya Yehova bo mu Rwanda na bo nyene barumiye kw’ibanga mu murimo barangurira Imana. Barihanganiye uruhamo rukaze n’ingorane zikomeye maze barabera isoko ry’inkomezi n’indemesho abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bo kw’isi yose. Ntuzobura gukorwa ku mutima niwisomera inkuru z’ukuntu abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda bagaragaje urukundo, ukwizera n’ukudahemuka. Turizigiye ko iyi nkuru izotuma urushiriza rwose guha agaciro ubucuti ufitaniye na Yehova no gukunda cane umuryango w’abavukanyi.

UMUCO UTANGURA KUMENERA

Raporo ya mbere yerekeye igikorwa co kwamamaza inkuru nziza mu Rwanda yabonetse mu Gitabu c’umwaka c’Ivyabona vya Yehova co mu 1971. Yagira iti: “Muri Ntwarante uno mwaka [1970] vyarashobotse ko abatsimvyi badasanzwe babiri binjira mu Rwanda maze baratanguza igikorwa co kwamamaza i Kigali ku murwa mukuru. Basanze abantu baho ari abantu b’igishika kandi bakira neza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami. Umuntu umwe yashimishijwe aramaze gutangura igikorwa co kwamamaza. Abo batsimvyi baramaze gutanguza inyigisho za Bibiliya cumi mu bantu bavuga igiswahili basanzwe ari bakeyi. Ubu bariko barita ku rutare ngo bige ikinyarwanda kugira barabe ko bobwira inkuru nziza abantu benshi kuruta.”

Abo batsimvyi badasanzwe bavuzwe muri iyo raporo yari Oden Mwaisoba n’umukenyezi wiwe Enea baturuka muri Tanzaniya. Kubera ko batari bazi ikinyarwanda, batanguye kugendera abantu bavuga igiswahili, benshi muri bo bakaba baturuka muri Kongo canke muri Tanzaniya. Muri Ruhuhuma 1971, abamamaji bane ni bo batanga raporo, ariko nta gitabu cacu na kimwe caboneka mu kinyarwanda, iyo ngorane y’ururimi ikaba yatuma iterambere ritihuta.

Stanley Makumba, umucungezi w’umuzunguruko adatinya urukamvye yakorera muri Kenya, yaragendeye Urwanda ari bwo bwa mbere mu 1974. Yigana ati: “Amabisi ava ku rubibe Ubuganda buhana n’Urwanda aja mu Ruhengeri yari make. Nabwirijwe guhagarara mw’ikamyo ntagira aho nsaganiriza amaguru. Umukenyezi wanje yari yicaranye na shoferi imbere. Dushitse, yahatswe kunyoberwa kuko nari nuzuye ivumbi mu maso no mu mushatsi. Kubera urwo rugendo, umugongo warandiye cane ku buryo insiguro zo mu ndwi y’imbere y’iteraniro ry’umuzunguruko ritoyi twagize n’izo kuri iryo teraniro ubwaryo nabwirijwe kuzishikiriza nicaye. Nayo ku bijanye no kugendera abavukanyi, sinashobora kubabwira igihe noshikiye kuko tutaba tuzi uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza tworonse ubwo ari bwo!”

IMVUKIRA IGARUKA

Muri ico gihe, Gaspard Rwakabubu, Umunyarwanda w’imvukira, yari umukanitsi mw’icukuriro ry’ubutare bw’umujumpu muri Kongo. Yigana ati: “Mu 1974, naritavye Ishure ry’ubusuku bw’Ubwami ryabereye i Kolwezi. Umwe mu bigisha ari we Michael Pottage, yavuze ko ibiro vy’ishami vy’i Kinshasa vyariko birarondera umukurambere w’Umunyarwanda yoshima gusubira mu gihugu ciwe c’amavukiro kugira afashe mu gikorwa co kwamamaza. Yarambajije nimba nokwemera kugenda. Namubwiye ko ngiye kubiyaga n’umukenyezi wanje Mélanie.

“Ico gihe, umukoresha wanje muri rya shirahamwe ricukura ubutare yari aherutse kumpa ubutumire bwo kuja gukarisha ubwenge mu Budagi. Nakora neza ku kazi kandi umushahara wanje waguma wiyongera. Ariko rero twari dufise imisi mikeyi gusa kugira dufate ingingo. Narabwiye umuvukanyi Pottage ko twemeye ubwo butumire bwo gusubira mu Rwanda. Wa mukoresha wanje ntiyashobora kwumva iyo ngingo nari mfashe. Yambajije ati: ‘None ntushobora kuba Icabona ca Yehova uri ng’aha? Mu Rwanda usubirayo guhiga iki?’ Hari mbere n’abavukanyi biboneka ko batwipfuriza ineza bagerageje kunjijura ngo ngumeyo. Bambwiye bati: ‘Ehe raba ufise abana bane. Soma muri Luka 14:28-30, maze wicare ubanze ubizirikaneko.’ Yamara rero, ntitwigeze twijijanya imitima.

“Umukoresha wanje yaraturihiye itike y’indege idushikana mu Rwanda. Igihe twashika i Kigali muri Rusama 1975, twashitse dupanga inzu y’amatafari y’ivyondo itagiramwo agasima, ikaba ataho yari ihuriye n’inzu yarimwo vyose twabamwo nkikorera muri rya shirahamwe ry’ubucukuzi. Yamara rero, twari twarateguye imizirikanyi yacu, kandi twari twiyemeje gushika kw’ihangiro ryacu.”

Kubera yuko ba batsimvyi badasanzwe baje bava mu bindi bihugu bakoresha igiswahili mu kuyaga n’abantu, benshi bibaza ko bari bazanywe no kwigisha urwo rurimi. Ivyiyumviro nk’ivyo vyarahindutse igihe Gaspard n’umuryango wiwe bashika, kuko bobo bigisha abantu ukuri kw’Ubwami bakoresheje Bibiliya y’ikinyarwanda.

Vyongeye, umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yarahinduye mu kinyarwanda agatabu k’impapuro 32 kavuga ngo “ Cette bonne nouvelle du Royaume. ” Kasohowe mu 1976 kandi karashimishije abantu benshi. Abantu wasanga bagenda baragasoma mu mabisi no mu mayira. Kuba karakoresha izina Yehova vyatumye abantu bayaga cane ivy’ako gatabu.

ABANYARWANDA BAKIRA UKURI

Ico gihe mu gihugu hari abamamaji nka 11 gusa, kandi benshi muri bo ntibari Abanyarwanda. Uwitwa Justin Rwagatore, ni umwe mu Banyarwanda ba mbere bamenye ukuri. Yatanguye kwigishwa mu giswahili n’abatsimvyi badasanzwe baturuka muri Tanzaniya, kuko batari bazi igifaransa canke ikinyarwanda. Justin yari umuntu yiyegereza abandi kandi yifata kigenzi. Yabatijwe mu 1976 akaba yaba ahitwa Save, aho Umwami w’Urwanda yari yabanje kwemerera abamisiyonari b’Abagatolika kwubaka imisiyoni mu 1900. Justin aribuka ko abantu bari bashashaye kumenya ico mu vy’ukuri Bibiliya yigisha. Ariko rero abakuru b’amadini ntiberekwa Ivyabona vya Yehova kandi barabuza abayoboke babo kwumviriza Ivyabona no kwakira ibitabu vyabo.

Umuvukanyi adatinya urukamvye yitwa Ferdinand Mugarura, na we nyene ari mu Banyarwanda ba mbere bemeye ukuri. Mu 1969, igihe yaba mu buseruko bwa Kongo, yararonse igitabu La vérite qui conduit à la vie éternelle mu giswahili. Mu nyuma, igihe yamenya aho Ivyabona bamwegereye bari, we hamwe na bagenziwe babiri barava iwabo buri wa gatanu bagafata urugendo rw’ibilometero 80 bagiye kwitaba amakoraniro no kugirirwa inyigisho ya Bibiliya, bagaheza bagataha ku wa mbere. Ferdinand yabatijwe mu 1975, abatirizwa rimwe n’uwo yigisha Bibiliya. Yagenywe ngo abe umutsimvyi adasanzwe mu Rwanda mu 1977. Aribuka ko mu mwaka w’imbere y’aho, hari iteraniro ry’umuzunguruko ryari ryabereye muri salo kwa Rwakabubu be n’uko ryitabwe n’abantu 34, batatu muri bo barabatizwa.

ABAMISIYONARI BANKIRWA KWINJIRA

Kubera ko Inama Nyobozi yama yitaho ibikenewe mu cibare kigizwe n’isi yose, yari yaramaze kugena abamisiyonari bokoreye mu Rwanda. Mu 1969, abamisiyonari bane bo mu mugwi ugira 47 w’abasohoka rya Shure ry’ivya Bibiliya rya Gileyadi barasabwe kuja gukorerayo.

Uwitwa Nicholas Fone yigana ati: “Mu mpera za Nzero, umuvukanyi Knorr yaraduhaye amakete atumenyesha aho tuzoja gukorera. Twarumvise abwira Paul Evans n’umukenyezi wiwe Marilyn ko barungitswe gukorera mu Rwanda. Yaciye atubwira twe n’umukenyezi wanje ati: ‘Na mwebwe muzojana na bo!’ Twararyohewe cane, maze ikoraniro riheze duca tunyaragasa mu bubiko bw’ibitabu bw’Ishure rya Gileyadi, turatora igitabu kinini c’indondabihugu kugira turabe aho Urwanda ruherereye. Ariko rero mu nyuma, twararonse ikete ritumenyesha ko bitashobotse ko abavukanyi baturonkera uruhusha rwo kwinjira mu Rwanda. Vyaratubabaje, ariko twaremeye guca dukorera muri Kongo turi kumwe na Paul be na Marilyn.”

Mu 1976, iyindi miryango ibiri y’abamisiyonari basohotse umugwi ugira 60 wa rya Shure rya Gileyadi yararungitswe gukorera mu Rwanda. Abo bamisiyonari bane baremerewe kwinjira, baca bapanga inzu, baramamaza n’umwete bongera baratangura kwiga ikinyarwanda. Igihe impapuro zibaha uburenganzira bwo kuba muri ico gihugu zarangira inyuma y’amezi atatu, Urwego rujejwe kuraba ivyinjira n’ibisohoka rwaranse kubongerereza ikiringo, akaba ari co gituma baciye barungikwa gukorera i Bukavu mu buseruko bwa Kongo.

“BARAKORA BIGASHIMWA”

Mu myaka ya 1975, abatsimvyi badasanzwe bari baje bava muri Tanzaniya no muri Kongo baratanguye kuva mu Rwanda bitumwe n’imvo zitandukanye. Muri ico gihe, abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda baratanguye gukora ubutsimvyi no kuza baraja kwamamaza mu mihingo yose y’igihugu. Mu 1978, ca gitabu La vérité hamwe n’udupapuro tubiri tw’inkuru nziza vyarahinduwe mu kinyarwanda. Vyongeye, Umunara w’Inderetsi waratanguye gusohoka rimwe mu kwezi. Ivyo bisohokayandikiro vyaratumye igikorwa co kwamamaza Ubwami gitera imbere. Ku bijanye n’ico gihe, umumisiyonari yitwa Manfred Tonak yavuze ku vyerekeye abatsimvyi b’Abanyarwanda ati: “Barakora bigashimwa, kandi baramara umwanya munini mu busuku. Abashasha bariganye akarorero kabo.”

Gaspard Niyongira arigana ingene inkuru nziza yariko irakwiragira muri ico gihe. Avuga ati: “Igihe nabatizwa mu 1978, abakuru b’amadini bari batanguye guterwa ubwoba n’ukubona abantu benshi cane bariko baraza mu kuri. Abantu amajana baritaba amateraniro yacu. Tugiye kwamamaza, wamengo turi igitero c’inzige! Akenshi, abamamaji nka 20 barava hagati mu gisagara ca Kigali bakagenda baramamaza n’amaguru gushika i Kanombe, nko ku bilometero icenda. Bamaze kuruhuka kugira bivune umusase, baca babandanya ibindi bilometero indwi gushika i Masaka, ku mugoroba bagaca basubira i Kigali na bisi. No mu yindi mihingo y’igihugu imigwi y’abamamaji yabigenza ukwo nyene. Ntibitangaje kubona ukwo kwamamaza n’umwete kwaratumye abantu biyumvira ko mu Rwanda hari Ivyabona vya Yehova ibihumbi. Ivyo vyatumye batangura kutwambika ibara, barosha abategetsi ngo ntibatwemerere gukora ku mugaragaro.”

Kubera ko abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda bakunda cane ukuri, baripfuza guhonja ku munezero wo kwifatanya n’abavukanyi bo mu bindi bihugu. Ku bw’ivyo, muri Kigarama 1978, abashika 37 harimwo n’abana, barafashe urugendo rubashikana i Nairobi muri Kenya baciye mu Buganda bagiye kwitaba Ihwaniro mpuzamakungu ryataziriwe ngo “La foi victorieuse,” rukaba rwari urugendo rw’ibilometero birenga 1.200. Urwo rugendo ntirwari rworoshe. Ivyuma vyo kwiyunguruza ntivyari bitomoye, kandi vyarakunda gupfa. N’ikindi kandi, mu Buganda hari imidurumbanyo y’ivya politike. Igihe abo bavukanyi bateba bagashika ku rubibe rwa Kenya, abakozi bo ku rubibe rw’Ubuganda babagirije ngo ni abasumyi b’urusaku, baca barabafata, babajana ku biro bikuru vya gisirikare i Kampala. Umukuru w’igihugu c’Ubuganda w’ico gihe ari we Idi Amin ni we ubwiwe yabasambishije. Amaze kunyurwa n’inyishu bamuhaye, yaciye ategeka ko babarekura. Naho bahomvye umusi wa mbere w’iryo hwaniro ryabereye i Nairobi, barahimbawe no kubona abavukanyi ibihumbi baturuka mu bihugu vyinshi bari kumwe mu mahoro.

UTWIGORO TWO KURONDERA KWEMERWA N’AMATEGEKO

Si bose bashimye ukuri kwo muri Bibiliya n’ingingo zigenga inyifato runtu ziteye iteka Ivyabona bigisha. Abakuru b’amadini ni bo canecane ryaniga babonye ingene abantu benshi cane bariko barakira ukuri. Umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yigana ati: “Abantu benshi bahoze ari abanyamwete mu Bagatolika, mu Baporoti no mu Baventisi barandikiye amadini bahozemwo bayasezera. Hari uwundi muvukanyi yavuze ko igikorwa co kwamamaza wamengo ni umuriro uriko urarurumba muri ayo madini. Bidatevye, igitigiri c’abitaba amakoraniro mw’ishengero ry’i Kigali carongerekanye gishika ku bantu barenga 200. Mu ntango, abakuru b’amadini babona ko ata co tuvuze kuko twari inkehwa. Ariko rero dutanguye kwongerekana, bamwebamwe baciye batwagiriza ngo turageramiye igihugu. Ntibitangaje kubona nko muri ico gihe ari ho Musenyeri mukuru wa Ekleziya Gatolika mu Rwanda ari we Vincent Nsengiyumva, yaciye aba umwe mu bagize komite nkuru y’umugambwe wari ku butegetsi.

“Kubera ko twariko turongerekana ningoga, twari dukeneye kwemerwa n’amategeko kugira abamisiyonari bashobore kuza, dushobore kwubaka Ingoro z’Ubwami twongere tugire amateraniro maninimanini. Ishami ryo muri Kenya ryaratunganije ivy’uko umuvukanyi Ernest Heuse wo mu Bubiligi avugana n’abashikiranganji bamwebamwe kugira asabe ko twokwemerwa n’amategeko, ariko nta co vyavuyemwo. Mu nyuma mu 1982, ibiro vy’ishami vyo muri Kenya vyaratugiriye inama ngo twandikire ikete umushikiranganji w’ubutungane hamwe n’uw’intwaro yo hagati mu gihugu, tubasabe kwemerwa n’amategeko. Jewe n’abandi batsimvyi badasanzwe babiri twarateye umukono kuri iryo kete, ariko nta nyishu twaronse.”

Muri ico gihe nyene, uruhamo rwaguma rwongerekana. Antoine Rugwiza, umuvukanyi atekereza kandi yiyubashe, aribuka ko umukuru w’igihugu yatangaje kuri radiyo y’igihugu yuko atazokwihanganira abatyoza ivyo Abanyarwanda basanzwe bemera. Nta n’umwe atatahuye ko yariko avuga Ivyabona vya Yehova. Haciye igihe gitoyi ashikirije iryo jambo, abavukanyi baciye babuzwa gukoranira hamwe. Vyaranuganugwa kandi ko hari abari bagiye gufatwa. Umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yararengukijwe incuro zibiri mu biro vy’igihugu bijejwe umutekano kugira asambishwe.

Muri Munyonyo 1982, umuvukanyi Kiala Mwango ari kumwe n’umukenyezi wiwe Elaine, yararungitswe avuye i Nairobi ngo aje gucungera amateraniro y’umuzunguruko i Butare, i Gisenyi n’i Kigali. Umuvukanyi Rwakabubu ni we yari umuhagarikizi kuri ayo materaniro. Yapfuye kurangiza iteraniro ryabereye i Kigali aca ararengutswa ubugira gatatu ku biro vy’umukuru w’igihugu. Ico gihe hoho ntiyagarutse! Haciye imisi ine, ba batsimvyi badasanzwe babiri batera umukono kuri rya kete ryo gusaba kwemerwa n’amategeko, na bo nyene barafashwe. Bose uko ari batatu bapfunzwe batarinze kuburana canke kwisigura. Hari n’abandi bafashwe mu nyuma. Ingoro y’Ubwami yarugawe, imiryango baca bayishirako igufuri. Umushikiranganji w’ubutungane yarandikiye ikete abakuru b’intara abamenyesha ko igikorwa c’Ivyabona vya Yehova kibujijwe.

Amaherezo muri Gitugutu 1983, ba bavukanyi batatu bari barateye umukono kw’ikete ryo gusaba ko Ivyabona bemerwa n’amategeko, bararengukijwe imbere y’intahe. Sentare yabagirije ko ari abapfungakiwani be n’uko babesha abantu, ivyo vyose bikaba vyari ibirego bitagira ishingiro namba. Ntihigeze haboneka isura canke urwandiko rubagiriza muri urwo rubanza. Yamara rero, abo bavukanyi batatu baciriwe umunyororo w’imyaka ibiri. Igihe hatangwa ikigongwe c’ikivunga maze abari barakubiswe intahe mu gahanga ko ari abicanyi bakarekurwa, abo bavukanyi b’abizigirwa bobo nta n’akagongwe bagiriwe. I Gisenyi, hari ibindi Vyabona batanu bamaze hafi imyaka ibiri mu munyororo batarigera barenguka imbere ya sentare.

UBUZIMA BWO MW’IBOHERO

Ubuzima bwo mw’ibohero bwari buteye agahinda. Imbohe zagaburirwa imyumbati n’ibiharage, na vyo nyene zikabironka rimwe ku musi. Akanyama bakabona nka rimwe mu kwezi. Uburyamo bwari bwuzuyemwo ibihere, ariko kubera ko abanyororo bari ikirenga, abenshi baryama hasi. Kuronka amazi yo kwoga ntivyari vyoroshe. Abavukanyi bari bapfunganywe n’abicanyi katwa. Abarinzi b’ibohero akenshi wasanga bakaze, ariko umwe muri bo yitwa Jean Fataki, yarafata neza abavukanyi. Yaremeye kwiga Bibiliya, ahava arabatizwa kandi gushika ubu ni umutsimvyi w’intahemuka.

Umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yigana ati: “Igihe twari mw’ibohero, Musenyeri mukuru yaraje gusoma imisa. Yabwiye abari mu misa ngo babe maso ku Vyabona vya Yehova. Mu nyuma, Abagatolika bamwebamwe bari ng’aho baratubajije igituma musenyeri yavuze ivyo bintu, kubera yuko bo babona ko Ivyabona vya Yehova ata kabi kabo.”

Muri ico gihe, uwitwa Roger Poels n’umukenyezi wiwe Noëlla barashitse i Kigali bavuye mu Bubiligi. Roger yari aje gukora akazi afitiye kontara. Ba bavukanyi batatu bari bakiri mw’ibohero. Roger yaciye asaba umubonano umushikiranganji w’ubutungane kugira amusigurire ivyo twemera maze amubaze mu rupfasoni ico leta yagiriza Ivyabona vya Yehova. Uwo mushikiranganji yaciye ahagarika ico kiyago ati: “Mushingantahe Poels, ivyo wavuze biramaze! Indege ikurikira ija i Buruseli ntizogusiga ng’aha. Urirukanywe muri iki gihugu!”

Kubera ko abo bavukanyi batatu bagumye bashikamye ntibakangwe n’iterabwoba, babwirijwe kumara mw’ibohero imyaka ibiri yose bari baraciriwe, naho mu mwaka ugira kabiri baciye bimurirwa mw’ibohero rimeze neza kuruta. Barekuwe muri Munyonyo 1984.

URUHAMO RUKOMERA

Abaturwanya ntibataye hasi. Hari ikiganiro co kw’iradiyo catangaje yuko Ivyabona vya Yehova ari abantu babi b’intagondwa. Muri Ntwarante 1986, Ivyabona baguma bafatwa hirya no hino mu gihugu. Mu bafashwe harimwo Augustin Murayi, uwari yarirukanywe ku kazi aho yari umuyobozi mukuru mu bushikiranganji bw’amashure matomato n’ayisumbuye, ahorwa kuba ata ho ahengamiye. Ibinyamakuru vyaramutyoje, iradiyo na yo iza isongera isibe.

Abandi bavukanyi na bashiki bacu, mbere na bashiki bacu bibungenze kandi bafise abana bakiri bato, barafashwe mu gihugu cose. Amaja mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1986, baciye bimurirwa mw’ibohero rikuru ry’i Kigali mu kurindira ko bacirwa urubanza. Kubera ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bataririmba indirimbo zo guhayagiza igihugu, ntibambare udukarata turiko ifoto y’umukuru w’igihugu kandi ntibagure amakarata y’umugambwe, abantu baca bishiramwo yuko barwanya leta be n’uko bashaka kuyisenyura.

Uwitwa Phocas Hakizumwami yigana amwenyura ati: “Abavukanyi bo mw’ishengero rya Nyabisindu bari mu batanguye gufatwa. Kubera ko abasigaye twari twiteze ko impera n’imperuka tuzofatwa, twabona ko icibare cacu cari kigiye guhinduka, aho gukorera hanze y’ibohero tugakorera indani. Twaciye rero dufata ingingo yo kugira isekeza ryo kubanza guhetura ico cibare cacu co hanze. Twaragenda mu masoko tugashikiriza ibinyamakuru n’ibitabu vyinshi. Twarasenze Yehova ngo adufashe guhetura icibare cacu imbere y’uko dutabwa mu mvuto. Yehova yaradufashije kuko twahetuye icibare cacu ku wa 1 Gitugutu 1985. Haciye imisi indwi baciye badufata baradupfunga.”

Mu mwaka ukurikira, Palatin Nsanzurwimo n’umukenyezi wiwe Fatuma, barafashwe n’abajejwe umutekano. Haheze amasaha umunani basambishwa, inzu yabo na yo igasakwa bimwe bikomeye, baciye batwarwa mw’ibohero hamwe n’abana babo batatu. Bari mu nzira baja kw’ibohero, murumuna wa Palatin yariko arabakurikira, yaremeye gusigarana agahungu kabo k’imyaka itanu n’agakobwa kabo k’imyaka ine. Palatin na Fatuma bapfunganywe n’uruyoya rwabo rw’amezi 14. Fatuma yahavuye yimurirwa mu rindi bohero, amarayo amezi icenda.

Ico gihe, abana bane b’uwitwa Jean Tshiteya barirukanywe kw’ishure. Inyuma y’aho gatoyi, ashitse i muhira yasanze inzu yiwe bayisakambuye, umugore wiwe na we yafashwe, abana basigaye mu nzu bonyene. Haciye igihe gitoyi, umuvukanyi Tshiteya na we nyene yarafashwe maze baja kumupfungira i Butare, asangayo umugore wiwe n’abandi bavukanyi. Abanyororo bose bari bapfungiwe i Butare bahavuye bimurirwa mw’ibohero rikuru ry’i Kigali. Abana b’umuvukanyi Tshiteya basigaye baritwararikwa n’abavukanyi b’i Kigali.

Umuvukanyi Tshiteya yigana ati: “Igihe abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bariko babakura mu mabohero yo hagati mu gihugu babazana mw’ibohero rikuru i Kigali, bararamukanya n’akamwemwe babwirana bati: ‘Komera!’ Igihe umwe mu bacunga ibohero yumva iyo ndamutso, yaciye yaduka ati: ‘Mbega mwe murasara? Mwarabonye umuntu akomera ari mu munyororo?’”

Naho abavukanyi bariko baratabwa mu mvuto, abantu b’umutima nziraburyarya ntibacitse intege, kandi kenshi urwo ruhamo rwaravamwo ivyiza. Uwitwa Odette Mukandekezi, ni mushiki wacu w’ishaka kandi ashikirana cane, akaba ari umwe muri benshi bafashwe ico gihe. Yigana ati: “Mu gihe c’uruhamo, abavukanyi barafatwa bagakubitwa. Umusi umwe, twaraciye iruhande y’agakobwa kitwa Josephine kari karagiye inka. Kari gafise Bibiliya kandi kari karasomye muri yo yuko abakirisu ba mbere bambitswe ibara, barahamwa, baratonagurwa bongera barapfungwa. Kubera kari kazi ko Ivyabona bariko barahamwa, kaciye gatahura ko bategerezwa kuba bari mw’idini ry’ukuri, gaca gasaba ko bakigisha Bibiliya. Ubu ni icabona yabatijwe.”

Mu gihe igikorwa cari kibujijwe, Gaspard Niyongira yari umushoferi atwara ikamyo. Yama yagize ingendo zimushikana i Nairobi muri Kenya. Agarutse mu Rwanda yaza yanyegeje ibitabu mw’isandugu idasanzwe yari kuri iyo kamyo yiwe. Iyo sandugu yarashobora kujamwo amakarato atandatu y’ibitabu. Ico gihe nyene, uwitwa Henry Ssenyonga ava mu burengero bw’Ubuganda yama yazanye ibinyamakuru, akabijabukana mu Rwanda kw’ipikipiki yiwe.

Amakoraniro y’ishengero yagirwa mu migwi mitomito. Igihe abategetsi baba bicuze ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bariko baragirira amakoraniro ahantu, baca bahasaka. Umuvukanyi Niyongira yigana ati: “Nari narubatse akumba gafatanye n’inzu yanje, ari na ko twagiriramwo amakoraniro twinyegeje. Ibitabu twabinyegeza mu masashe tugaca tubihamba tukarenzako amakara.”

Igihe ivyo gufata abavukanyi benshi vyatangura, uwitwa Jean-Marie Mutezintare, akaba ari ho yari akibatizwa, yarashoboye kwitaba ihwaniro mpuzamakungu ridasanzwe ryataziriwe ngo “Les hommes d’intégrité” ryabereye i Nairobi muri Kigarama 1985. Igihe yagaruka mu Rwanda, we hamwe na Isaïe Sibomana baratororokanije ibinyamakuru basavye abavukanyi bo mu Buganda. Bashitse ku rubibe, abakozi baho barabonye ivyo binyamakuru, baca barabafata babambika amapingu baja kubasambisha, bamara ijoro ryose mu gasho bari mu gikonyozi. Mu kanya gatoyi, abo bavukanyi bari bageze mw’ibohero rikuru i Kigali. Bahasanze abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bashika 140, bakaba barahimbawe n’ukwumva amakuru y’iryo hwaniro ry’i Nairobi bayabwiwe n’abavyiboneye. Ata gukeka, ivyo babwiye abo bavukanyi vyarabaremesheje vyongera birabakomeza!

Abavukanyi bari bapfunzwe baragira amakoraniro kandi baramamaza mu buryo buri ku rutonde. Uretse ukwamamaza, barigisha n’abanyororo bamwebamwe gusoma no kwandika. Bisubiye, bararongorera inyigisho za Bibiliya abantu bashimishijwe bakongera bagafasha abamamaji bashasha benshi kwitegurira ibatisimu. Bamwe muri bo bari bafashwe bakiriko bariga, abandi na bo bari bamenyeye ukuri mw’ibohero.

UMUCUNGEZI W’UMUZUNGURUKO AGENDERA IBOHERO

Umwe muri abo bavukanyi aravuga ingene ibintu vyari bimeze mw’ibohero ry’i Kigali mu 1986, ati: “Abavukanyi benshi bari mw’ibohero. Twaragize inama kugira turabe ingene twari gufasha abavukanyi bari hanze. Twafashe ingingo yo kubandikira ikete ryo kubaremesha. Twababwiye ko duhetuye icibare cacu co mw’ibohero twociye dutaha. Twamamaza igitanda ku kindi tukarongora n’inyigisho za Bibiliya. Mu nyuma, igihe twumva ko umucungezi w’umuzunguruko ariko aragendera amashengero yo hanze, na twebwe twaripfuje ko yotungendera, duca turabibwira Yehova mw’isengesho. Budakeye na kabiri, umuvukanyi Rwakabubu, ari na we yari umucunguzi w’umuzunguruko, yarapfunzwe ubugira kabiri. Kuri twebwe, wamengo apfunzwe kugira atungendere.”

Mu gihe c’uruhamo, umuvukanyi umwe gusa ni we yadohotse. Igihe yemera kwambara agakarata k’umugambwe, izindi mbohe atari Ivyabona vya Yehova zaramukubise, ziramusunagura zongera ziramutukagura, zimwita umunyabwoba. Umukenyezi wiwe, uwari akiriko ariga Bibiliya, yaramubajije igituma atemeye gupfira ibanga. Yahavuye yandikira ikete abacamanza, abamenyesha ko yari yarihenze be n’uko yari akiri Icabona ca Yehova. Yarandikiye n’ibiro vy’ishami vyo muri Kenya asaba imbabazi. Ubu yarasubiye gusukurira Yehova adahemuka.

IGIKORWA CO KWAMAMAZA KIBANDANYA HANZE Y’IBOHERO

Abatari barafashwe barabandanije kwamamaza n’umwete, umwe wese agakora nk’amasaha 20 ku kwezi. Alfred Semali yari muri abo batari bwapfungwe. Yigana ati: “Naho ntigeze mpfungwa, naguma ndavyiteze kandi ndavyiteguriye. Kubera ko Ingoro y’Ubwami yari yugawe, twakoranira mu migwi mitomito tukabandanya no kwamamaza. Narashira ibinyamakuru mw’ibahasha nini ya kaki, nkinjira mu gisagara nk’uwuriko arondera akazi, maze nkarondera akaryo ko gushikiriza abantu ibinyamakuru no kuyaga na bo ibijanye na Bibiliya.

“Mu 1986, abavukanyi benshi n’abashimishijwe n’ukuri benshi bari mw’ibohero, mbere n’abo wasanga ari ho bagitangura kwiga Bibiliya. Abavukanyi, eka mbere n’abashasha, barashikamye mu buryo butangaje. Muri ico gihe, Ivyabona bo mu bihugu vyinshi barandikiye umukuru w’igihugu c’Urwanda biyamiriza ako karenganyo, kandi mu makuru yo kw’iradiyo vyaravuzwe ko yaronka amakete amajana buri musi. Ivyo vyaravuyemwo ivyiza kuko mu mwaka wakurikiye, abavukanyi na bashiki bacu hamwe n’abari barashimishijwe n’ukuri baciye barekurwa bivuye ku ngingo y’umukuru w’igihugu. Akamwemwe kari kose.” Bakimara kurekurwa, abakurambere baratunganije ibijanye no kubatiza abantu i Kigali. Abashika 36 ni bo babatijwe, 34 muri bo ubwo nyene baca barasaba ubutsimvyi bwo gufasha!

Igihe uruhamo rwari rukomeye mu 1986, abamamaji 435 ni bo batanga raporo, abashika 140 muri bo bakaba bari barapfunzwe. Ivyo Vyabona ni bo bari inkingi z’ishirahamwe rya Yehova mu Rwanda. Ukwizera kwabo kwari ‘kwagejejwe’ kurarama.—Yak. 1:3.

Amaherezo, inyuma y’ikiringo kidurumbanye co mu myaka ya 1980, amashengero yo mu Rwanda yarinjiye mu kiringo c’agahengwe n’iyongerekana. Ariko none ni ibiki vyari bibarindiriye? Ko abantu benshi bari baje mu kuri, abo bashasha boba na bo nyene bari kugaragaza ko ari abigishwa bubakishijwe ibikoresho birinda umuriro? (1 Kor. 3:10-15) Boba bari kuguma bashikamye mu bigeragezo vyari vyimirije? Hari hasigaye aho kubitega amaso.

INTAMBARA N’IMIDURUMBANYO YA POLITIKE

Mu 1990, mu Rwanda hari nk’abamamaji 1.000. Ariko rero ivya politike vyariko biracumbagira. Muri Gitugutu, ingabo z’umuhari FPR (Front Patriotique Rwandais) zarateye mu buraruko bw’Urwanda zivuye mu gihugu kibanyi c’Ubuganda.

Umuvukanyi w’umutima rugabo yitwa Ferdinand Mugarura, uwari yarapfunzwe incuro zibiri ahorwa ukwizera kwiwe, yaba mu Ruhengeri igihe ico gitero catangura. Yigana ati: “Urwanko n’ukwinubana gushingiye ku miryango vyariko birarandagata. Ivyabona vya Yehova bobo baguma ata ho bahengamiye, ntibaje mu migwi iharanira inyungu za politike canke mu vyo kwinubana bishingiye ku moko. Kubera ko abavukanyi banse kugira aho bahengamiye, bamwe barateshejwe izabo, abandi na bo barirukanwa mu kazi.”

Mushiki wacu umwe w’umwigisha akaba n’umupfakazi yireranye abana batatu, yaranse guha intererano igisoda. Umuyobozi w’ishure yaciye amurega ku bakuru mu gisirikare, aca atabwa mu mvuto ubugira kabiri, kuko yari yarapfunzwe mu myaka ya 1980. Igihe ingabo za FPR zashika mu gisagara yari apfungiwemwo, zarinjiye muri iryo bohero ku nguvu, abanyororo bose baca baratoroka. Aho gutorokana n’abandi banyororo, uwo mushiki wacu wewe yagumye mw’ibohero. Igihe izo ngabo zasubira inyuma, yarongeye gufatwa aca yimurirwa mw’ibohero rikuru i Kigali. Ari ng’aho mw’ibohero, yarasenze asaba ko yomenya itariki Icibutso cobereyeko, kuko atipfuza kugisiba. Yaratangaye cane igihe mu nyuma yarekurwa ku musi nyene w’Icibutso! Yaromowe mu nzu yiwe yongera arirukanwa mu kazi kiwe k’ubwigisha ahorwa ko ata ho ahengamiye, ariko yaciye aba umutsimvyi w’umunyamwete.

Amakungu amaze kubijamwo, ibitero vyagirwa biturutse mu Buganda vyarabaye birahagaze. Mu 1991 haratanguye kuringanizwa ivy’uko mu gihugu hobaho imigambwe myinshi. Imigambwe myinshi ikomakomeye be n’iyindi mitomito itari mike yarashinzwe, bikaba vyatumye abantu banyengeterwa n’agatima ko kwiratira intara n’imiryango baturukamwo. Imigambwe imwimwe yari ifise imigambi isa n’iyumvikana, ariko iyindi yari igizwe n’abantu b’ishaka rirenze be n’intagondwa. Impagararo y’Ivyabona vya Yehova yo kutagira aho bahengamiye yarabonywe neza ari bwo bwa mbere. Kubera ko ata n’umwe bari bashigikiye mu migwi y’ivya politike n’ivy’amoko, leta be n’abanyagihugu muri rusangi ntibari bakibabona nk’abansi.

Muri Nyakanga 1991, umugwi w’abavukanyi bavuye mu makungu baherekejwe n’abavukanyi babiri bo mu Rwanda ari bo Gaspard Rwakabubu na Tharcisse Seminega, barabonanye n’abashikiranganji bakomakomeye i Kigali. Abo bavukanyi baravuganye n’uwari aherutse kuba umushikiranganji w’ubutungane, uno na we arabatega yompi n’umutima mwiza. Abo bavukanyi baramukengurukiye ku vyo yari amaze gukora maze bamusaba ko yotera n’izindi ntambwe akatwemerera gukorera ku mugaragaro.

Muri Nzero 1992, imbere yo kwemerwa n’amategeko, abavukanyi baragize ihwaniro ry’intara i Kigali. Umuvukanyi Godfrey Bint n’umukenyezi wiwe Jennie bigana bati: “Ico gihe twakorera mu Buganda kandi twaratangaye turonse ikete rivuye ku biro vy’ishami vyo muri Kenya, ridusaba kuja kumara indwi zitatu mu Rwanda kugira dufashe gutunganya ihwaniro no gufata amajwi y’igikino. Twasanze abavukanyi ari abakiranyi bidasanzwe. Buri musi twaba dufise ubutumire bwo kuja gufungura mu muryango kanaka. Abavukanyi bari bakose ikibuga c’inkino c’abikorera utwabo, kandi imyiteguro yari igeze kure igihe nashika. Bari baramaze gutunganya ivyo gufata amajwi y’igikino, kandi ico gikorwa cagenze neza naho batari bafise ibikoresho bihagije. Naho abavukanyi benshi bo mu buraruko bw’igihugu batashoboye kuronka impapuro z’inzira, urubibe Urwanda ruhana n’Uburundi n’urwo ruhana n’Ubuganda na zo zikaba zari zugaye, abantu 2.079 baritavye iryo hwaniro ku w’iyinga, 75 na bo barabatizwa.”

UKWEMERWA N’AMATEGEKO GUTEBA KUKABONEKA!

Haciye amezi makeyi, ku wa 13 Ndamukiza 1992, igikorwa c’Ivyabona vya Yehova caratevye kiremerwa n’amategeko mu Rwanda ari bwo bwa mbere. Urugamba rurerure rwo kwamamaza inkuru nziza hariko uruhamo, ugutotezwa n’ugupfungwa, rwari rurangiye. Abavukanyi bari biteze ikiringo gishasha c’iyongerekana mu vya gitewokarasi.

Inama Nyobozi ntiyatevye kurungika abamisiyonari muri ico gihugu. Uwitwa Henk van Bussel, uwari yarakoreye mu bihugu vya République centrafricaine na Tchad, be n’uwitwa Godfrey Bint n’umukenyezi wiwe Jennie, na bo bakaba bahoze bakorera muri Zaïre (ubu hitwa Republika iharanira demokrasi ya Kongo) no mu Buganda, ni bo babaye abamisiyonari ba mbere baronse impapuro zibaha uburenganzira bwo kuba mu Rwanda. Harashizweho Komite y’igihugu kugira ihagarikire igikorwa co kwamamaza.

Umuvukanyi Bint arigana ivyabaye igihe bashika bari kumwe na Henk van Bussel, ati: “Ntitwatevye kuronka inzu y’uburaro bw’abamisiyonari hafi cane y’Ingoro y’Ubwami. Ubwo nyene twaciye dutangura kwiga ikinyarwanda ariko twasanze ari urugamba rutoroshe nk’uko vyagendeye abatsimvyi badasanzwe ba mbere mu 1970. Igitabu kimwe catanga iyi mpanuro igira iti: ‘Indome C na W zifatanye zaturwa ngo CKW!’ Turibuka kandi ko mushiki wacu yatwigisha yatubwiye ati: ‘Nimutaza muramwenyura, ntimuzogenda mumenye kwatura neza indome “shy” dusanga mw’ijambo “isi nshya”!’”

Mu nyuma muri uwo mwaka nyene, harabonetse igitigiri kitari bwashikweko c’abamamaji 1.665, muri Nzero 1993 na ho haragirwa irindi hwaniro ry’intara i Kigali. Ico gihe abaryitavye bari 4.498, habatizwa 182. Umuvukanyi Kiala Mwango ni we yari yaserukiye ishami ryo muri Kenya. Ico gihe nta wari gupfa yiyumviriye ko mu 2006 ibiro vy’ishami vyobaye vyubatswe mu kibanza cari hakurya y’ibarabara uvuye ku kibuga twariko turagirirako ihwaniro.

Naho habaye ikindi gitero giturutse mu buraruko, igikorwa co kwamamaza nticatezuye. Mu 1993, hari hasigaye ibilometero bikeya ngo ingabo za FPR zishike i Kigali. Urubibe Urwanda ruhana n’Ubuganda rwari rucugaye, umuntu ari mu gisagara akaba yarashobora kwumva ibikoho bikomakomeye bivugira mu misozi. Abantu bashika umuliyoni bari barahunze bava mu buraruko bw’igihugu. Aho harimwo abavukanyi na bashiki bacu 381, bakaba baciye bitwararikwa n’abavukanyi b’i Kigali no mu micungararo yaho. Ariko rero, i Arusha muri Tanzaniya hariko haraba ibiganiro vyo guhagarika intambara. Harashinzwe akarere gatandukanya imigwi yari ishamiranye, leta na yo iremera gusangira ubutegetsi n’umuhari wa FPR be n’imigambwe mininiminini na mitomito itari mike.

ITERANIRO RIDASANZWE KOKO!

Muri uwo mwaka, hari iteraniro ridasanzwe ry’umusi umwe ryari ritegekanijwe kubera ku kibuga c’inkino (Stade Régional) c’i Kigali. Ariko rero, abajejwe ico kibuga bari bagikotesheje kabiri mu mwanya umwe, hakaba hari urukino rw’umupira w’amaguru rwari rutegekanijwe kuhabera isaha icenda z’umuhingamo. Abavukanyi barakurikiranye ikiringo co mu gitondo, ariko imbere y’uko ikiringo co ku muhingamo gitangura, abaje kurorera urwo rukino baciye batangura gushika kandi abapolisi ntibashobora kubabuza kwinjira. Uwujejwe ico kibuga yavuze ko urwo rukino rutari kurangira imbere y’isaha 12 zo ku mugoroba. Abavukanyi baciye bagenda maze bagaruka isaha 12 kugira bakurikire igice ca porogarama cari gisigaye.

Ivyo vyatumye umutima utaja mu nda kubera hariho itegeko ryo kudacaruka inyuma y’isaha yashinzwe. Ntivyari birekuwe ko imiduga itembera inyuma y’isaha 12 zo ku mugoroba, kandi abantu ntibari barekuriwe gutembera inyuma y’isaha zitatu z’ijoro. Ariko rero nk’isaha imwe y’ijoro, harashikirijwe itangazo kw’iradiyo ryavuga ko isaha yo kudacaruka yari yungururijwe kw’isaha zitanu z’ijoro. Vyongeye, ico gihe umuyagankuba warashobora gucika umwanya uwo ari wo wose. Kubera ko amasezerano yo gukota ico kibuga atari yubahirijwe, umukuru w’igisagara ca Kigali yaritwararitse ivy’uko umuyagankuba utabura. Mbere yaratunganije ivy’uko abavukanyi bunguruzwa ku buntu inyuma ya porogarama. Gutyo, abavukanyi barashoboye gukurikirana porogarama yose y’iryo teraniro. Iyumvire ukuntu batangaye igihe basohoka ico kibuga bagasanga amabisi menshi arabarindiriye!

Umuvukanyi Günter Reschke aribuka ko yaje mu Rwanda mu mpera za Nyakanga 1993. Yigana ati: “Ishami ryo muri Kenya ryarandungitse i Kigali ngo nje gufashanya n’umuvukanyi Rwakabubu kwigisha mw’Ishure ry’ubusuku bw’Ubwami. Ico gihe mu Rwanda hari abakurambere 63 gusa, naho igitigiri c’abamamaji cari carongerekanye kigashika ku 1.881. Icuka cari kimaze kuba kibi mu gihugu, kandi vyaranuganugwa yuko mu buraruko hariko haraba intambara. Ego ni ko, nta n’umwe yari yiteze amakuba yari yimirije, ariko nta gukeka ko iryo shure ryaronkeje abavukanyi imfungurwa zije hageze. Ryarakomeje ukwizera kw’abo bakurambere, rirabaronsa ivyankenerwa mu gikorwa cabo co kuragira intama, ivyo bikaba vyari bikenewe cane narirya intambara yariko iramota.”

IMIGAMBI YO GUSHINGA IBIRO

Mu mpera za Ntwarante 1994, umuvukanyi Leonard Ellis n’umukenyezi wiwe Nancy baraje bavuye i Nairobi kugira bitabe amateraniro adasanzwe y’umusi umwe no kugira bafashe mu biro vy’ubuhinduzi. Ishami ry’i Nairobi ryari ryasavye ko inzu y’abamisiyonari n’ibiro vy’ubuhinduzi vyo mu Rwanda vyoshirwa hamwe. Ku wa mbere itariki 4 Ndamukiza, Inyigisho y’Umunara w’Inderetsi yitabwe n’umugwi w’abahinduzi wari wongerekanye, Komite y’igihugu, abamisiyonari be n’umuryango wa Ellis. Vyari bihimbaye kubona ingene abantu bari batanguye kugwira mu muryango wa Beteli.

Umuryango wa Ellis urangije igikorwa cawo waciye ufata indege yabaye yo ya nyuma, kuko haciye hahera amezi atari make ata yindi ndege isubiye kuguruka iva i Kigali. Bukeye ku muhingamo, umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yaraterefonye ku nzu y’abamisiyonari ababwira ko ibiro vy’uwuserukira Uburusiya mu Rwanda vyari vyahevye gukurikirana itongo twashaka kuzokwubakamwo ibiro vy’igihugu. Ico gihe rero ryarashobora guhabwa Ivyabona vya Yehova, tukaba twategekanya kugira inama yerekeye ico kintu mu gitondo ku musi wakurikira, ni ukuvuga ku wa kane itariki 7 Ndamukiza. Iryo sango ntitwashoboye kuryubahiriza.

IHONYABWOKO RITANGURA!

Ku mugoroba wo ku wa gatatu itariki 6 Ndamukiza, hari indege yakororewe hafi ya Kigali irashwe, ica iraka. Iyo ndege yarimwo abakuru b’ibihugu vy’Urwanda n’Uburundi. Abari bayirimwo bose barahasize ubuzima. Si abantu benshi baraye bamenye ivy’iryo sanganya kuko iradiyo y’igihugu ata na kimwe yamenyesheje.

Ba bamisiyonari batatu ari bo Bint n’umukenyezi wiwe hamwe na Henk, ntibazopfa bibagiye ivyabaye mu misi yakurikiye. Umuvukanyi Bint asigura ati: “Kare mu gitondo co ku wa 7 Ndamukiza, twakanguwe n’urwamo rw’inkoho n’amagerenade. Ivyo twari tubimenyereye kuko hari haciye amezi makeyi hatanguye imidurumbanyo ikomeye mu vya politike. Ariko rero, igihe twariko turategura icayi, twagiye twumva baduterefonye. Emmanuel Ngirente, na we akaba yakora mu biro vy’ubuhinduzi, yatubwiye ko iradiyo y’igihugu yari yavuze ko ba bakuru b’ibihugu babiri bari bahitanywe n’isanganya ry’indege. Umushikiranganji wo kwivuna abansi yaragabishije abantu bose b’i Kigali ngo ntihagire uwuva mu nzu.

“Nk’isaha zitatu zo mu gitondo, twagiye twumva abasagasi biteye mu mazu y’umubanyi. Bagiye bivye umuduga w’uwo muryango bongera barica nyina w’abana.

“Haciye akanya, abasoda n’abasagasi baraje iwacu, barakubitagura ku muryango w’icuma wo kw’irembo bongera baravuza agakengeri ko ku muryango. Ntitwakuyeko umunwa canke ngo dusohoke kubitaba. Sinzi icatumye batagerageza kubomora urugi ngo binjire, baca baja ku nzu zikurikira. Irya n’ino inkoho zaguma zasana, amagerenade na yo aturagurika; nta wari guhirahira ngo ave aho hantu. Inkoho zarumvikana cane kandi hafi yacu. Twaciye tuja muri koridoro hagati y’ivyumba kugira twikingire amasoro yigenza. Twarabona ko ibintu bitari bigiye guhinduka vuba, ari co gituma twaciye dufata ingingo yo kuziganya udufungurwa twari dufise mu kuza turateka rimwe ku musi maze tugasangirira hamwe. Umusi ukurikira, igihe twari duhejeje gufungura turiko turumviriza amakuru yo mu bindi bihugu kw’iradiyo, twagiye twumva Henk yiha akamo ngo ‘Ng’abo barasimvye urupangu!’

“Nta mwanya wo kwiyumvira twari dufise. Twaciye tuja mu bwogero, urugi turugara. Ico gihe twarasengeye hamwe dusaba Yehova ngo adufashe kwihanganira ivyari gushika vyose. Tutaranaheza gusenga, twagiye twumva Interahamwe na ba basagasi bariko baramena amadirisha n’inzugi kugira binjire. Mu minuta nk’ingahe bari bashitse mu nzu bavuza urwamo bongera bahenagura intebe n’imeza. Bari nk’abasagasi 40 bagizwe n’abagabo, abagore n’abana, bari kumwe n’Interahamwe. Twarumvise n’abantu bariko bararasana barwanira ivyo bari basagase.

“Haciye umwanya umengo ni ikinjana, ariko ikaba yari iminuta nka 40 gusa, baragerageje kwugurura urugi rw’ubwogero. Kubera ko rwari rwugaye, baciye batangura kurubomora. Ico gihe twarabonye ko ata kindi gisigaye atari ugusohoka tukabiyereka. Abo bantu bari barakaye banyoye n’ibiyayuramutwe. Baciye batubangurira imipanga n’ibibugita. Jennie yararize atabaza Yehova n’ijwi ryumvikana. Umugabo umwe yarabanguye umupanga awukubita umuvukanyi Henk kw’izosi akoresheje uruhande rwawo rubase, Henk aca agwa mu kinogo c’ubwogero. Sinzi ukuntu narondeye amahera ndayabaha, baca batangura kuyarwanira.

“Tugize gutya twagiye tubona umusore umwe yariko aratwitegereza. Naho tutamumenye we yaratumenye, kumbure akaba yari yatubonye mu gikorwa co kwamamaza. Yaciye atunyakura, aradusunika adusubiza muri bwa bwogero, aca atubwira ngo twugare urugi. Yavuze ko aza kudukingira.

“Urwamo rw’abasagata rwarabandanije yindi minuta nka 30, mu nyuma ruraturura. Wa musore yahavuye agaruka kutubwira ko dushobora gusohoka. Yaradusavye ashimitse ngo dukure meza ubwo nyene, aca aradusohokana. Nta wahagaze ngo hagire n’ikintu atora mu nzu. Ikinya caratwishe tubonye imivyimba y’ababanyi bari bagandaguwe. Babiri mu basoda bacungera umukuru w’igihugu baraduherekeje badushikana mu nzu y’intwazangabo mu gisirikare yaba mu micungararo. Iyo ntwazangabo yaciye itujana mw’ihoteli Mille Collines, aho abantu benshi bari bahungiye. Amaherezo, ku wa 11 Ndamukiza baradukuye ng’aho batujana muri Kenya. Ivyo vyabaye tumaze ayandi masaha menshi twihebuye, abasoda na bo babanje gukoresha amagendera akomeye kugira badukure mu gisagara badushikane inyuma y’ikibuga c’indege baducishije mw’ibarabara rizigura. Twashitse kw’iyakiriro ryo kuri Beteli y’i Nairobi imishatsi yasambaguritse, impuzu na zo zavundagaye. Kubera ko Henk yari yatandukanye natwe igihe badukura mu Rwanda, yagiye gushika haheze amasaha nk’angahe. Twararengewe n’ukuntu abagize umuryango wa Beteli batwitwararitse bongera baradushigikira babigiranye urukundo.”

BAHAKUWE N’ISENGESHO RY’AKIGEME

Igihe indege yahitanye abakuru b’ibihugu vy’Urwanda n’Uburundi yari yaraye ikorowe, hari abasirikare batandatu bagiye aho umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yaba. Amaso yabo yari yarunguriye, bahemye ukumva inzoga gusa kandi ubaravye warabona ko bari banyoye ibiyayuramutwe. Bamubwiye ngo nabahe ibirwanisho. Umuvukanyi Rwakabubu yababwiye ko we n’umuryango wiwe ari Ivyabona vya Yehova be n’uko ata birwanisho bafise.

Abasirikare bari bazi ko Ivyabona vya Yehova banse gushigikira leta kuko ata ho bahengamiye be n’uko batahaye intererano igisirikare. Ivyo vyatumye abo basirikare bashangashirwa. Gaspard Rwakabubu n’umukenyezi wiwe Melanie si Abatutsi, mugabo Interahamwe ntizica Abatutsi gusa ariko zarica n’Abahutu batagendera ku vyiyumviro vyazo, na canecane igihe baba banuganugwa ko bashigikiye Abatutsi canke ingabo za FPR.

Abo basirikare baciye batangura gukubita inkoni Gaspard na Mélanie, baca babajana n’abana babo batanu mu cumba bararamwo. Barasasuye amashuka maze batangura kuyabazingiramwo. Bamwe muri abo basirikare bari bafise amagerenade mu minwe, intumbero yabo rero ikaba yaragaragara. Gaspard yabasavye ati: “Mwodukundira tugasenga?”

Umusirikare umwe yaranse n’akagaye kenshi ico bari basavye. Inyuma y’impari zitari nke, abo basoda barapfuye kubemerera ngo basenge. Bavuze bati: “Sawa, murashobora gusenga iminuta ibiri.”

Barasenze mu gacerere, ariko rero Déborah Rwakabubu, uwari afise imyaka itandatu, yasenze n’ijwi ryumvikana ati: “Yehova, bagomba batwice. Ariko none tuzoshobora gute gusubira kuraba ba bantu nabwira inkuru nziza turi kumwe na papa, ha handi nashikiriza ibinyamakuru bitanu? Bararindiriye ko dusubira kubagendera, kandi barakeneye kumenya ukuri. Ndagusezeraniye ko batatwishe, nzoca mba umwamamaji, mbatizwe maze mbe umutsimvyi! Dukize Yehova!”

Ba basirikare bavyumvise, ubwanwa bwarapfutse umunwa. Mu nyuma, umwe muri bo yavuze ati: “Kubera isengesho ry’ako kigeme, ntitukibishe. Abandi nibaza mubabwire ko twamaze guca ng’aha.”b

IBINTU BIDABUKA

Intambara yaguma yunyuka uko ingabo za FPR zarushiriza kwegereza ku murwa mukuru Kigali. Ivyo vyatumye Interahamwe zirushirizaho kwica abantu benshi kuko zabona ko kabaye.

Amabariyeri acunzwe n’abasoda hamwe n’Interahamwe zitwaje ibirwanisho be n’abanyagihugu yarashizwe hirya no hino mu gisagara no ku masanganzira yose. Abagabo bose bafise inguvu barahatiwe kuja gufasha Interahamwe gucunga ayo mabariyeri ijoro n’umurango. Intumbero y’ayo mabariyeri kwari ugutegera Abatutsi n’uguca babica.

Kubera ko ubwicanyi bwabandanije hirya no hino mu gihugu, abantu ibihumbi amajana baba mu Rwanda barataye izabo. Abenshi muri bo, ushizemwo n’Ivyabona vya Yehova, bahungiye mu bihugu bibanyi vya Kongo na Tanzaniya.

BARAHANGANYE N’INTAMBARA BE N’URUPFU

Izi ni inkuru zigana ivyashikiye abavukanyi na bashiki bacu igihe bari mu mbisi n’izihiye. Niwibuke ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bo mu Rwanda bari barahuye n’ibigeragezo bikaze mu myaka ya 1980, ivyo bikaba vyarakomeje vyongera biraryohora ukwizera kwabo n’umutima rugabo wabo. Ukwizera kwabo kwarabafashije kuguma ‘atari ab’isi’ mu kwanka kugira uruhara mu matora, mu vyo kurwanira igihugu no mu vya politike. (Yoh. 15:19) Umutima rugabo wabo warabafashije guhangana n’ingaruka zazanywe n’iyo mpagararo yabo, nko gutyekezwa, gupfungwa, guhamwa no kwicwa. Izo kamere zagejejwe hamwe n’urukundo Ivyabona vya Yehova bakunda Imana n’abantu nkabo vyaratumye batagira uruhara mw’ihonyabwoko, biratuma kandi bemera gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga kugira bakingire bagenzi babo.

Hariho n’ibindi vyinshi vyabaye bitavuzwe ng’aha. Kubera yuko abavukanyi batipfuza kwihora, benshi boshima kwibagira ivyo bintu biteye ikinya vyabaye. Turizigiye ko inkuru y’ukwizera kwabo ishobora kuturemesha twese kurushiriza kugaragaza rwa rukundo ruranga abigishwa b’ukuri ba Yezu Kristu.—Yoh. 13:34, 35.

INKURU YA JEAN NA CHANTAL

Jean de Dieu Mugabo ni umuvukanyi w’umunyamunezero kandi yitwararika abandi, akaba yatanguye kwigana Bibiliya n’Ivyabona vya Yehova mu 1982. Imbere y’uko abatizwa mu 1984, yari amaze gupfungwa incuro zitatu ahorwa ko ari Icabona ca Yehova. Umukenyezi wiwe Chantal na we nyene yabatijwe mu 1984, bakaba bubakanye mu 1987. Igihe rya honyabwoko ryatangura, bari bafise abana b’abakobwa batatu. Abakobwa babiri bakuru bari kwa sekuru ruguru, Jean na Chantal bakaba bari kumwe gusa n’umwana wabo w’amezi atandatu.

Igihe ihonyabwoko ryatangura, ni ukuvuga ku wa 7 Ndamukiza 1994, abasoda be n’Interahamwe baciye batangura kugaba ibitero ku mihana yose y’Abatutsi. Jean yarafashwe arakubitwa amahiri, ariko yarashoboye kubacika, maze ari kumwe n’uwundi muvukanyi, aca ahungira mu Ngoro y’Ubwami yari hafi. Muri ico gihe nyene, Chantal atazi ivyari biriko birashikira umugabo wiwe, yaragerageje yataye umutwe kuva mu gisagara na wa mwana wabo kugira ngo aje iyo ba bandi bana babo babiri bari bari.

Jean arigana ivyamushikiye ati: “Iyo Ngoro y’Ubwami yari yahoze ari inzu bokerezamwo imikate, ikaba rero yari igifise mwene ca kintu gisohora umwotsi cari cubakishijwe amatafari. Jewe n’uwo muvukanyi, twamaze indwi yose twinyegeje muri iyo Ngoro y’Ubwami kandi mushiki wacu umwe w’Umuhutukazi ni we yatuzanira ibifungurwa igihe yaba abona ko ata kaga vyotera. Mu nyuma, twabwirijwe kwinyegeza mw’idari ry’iyo ngoro yari isakajwe amabati, aho izuba ryatubabura ku murango. Kubera ko ata kindi kibanza kibereye co kwinyegezamwo twari twiteze kuronka, twarashoboye gukura amatafari makeyi kuri nya kintu gisohora umwotsi maze aba ari co twinyegezamwo twitunye, tukimaramwo ukwezi kurenga.

“Hafi y’aho hari ibariyeri, kandi Interahamwe zarakunda kuza kuganirira kuri iyo Ngoro y’Ubwami canke kuhugama imvura. Twarashobora kubumva bavugira munsi yacu. Wa mushiki wacu yabandanije kutuzanira ibifungurwa igihe cose vyaba bishoboka. Vyarashika nkumva ko umengo birananiye kwihangana, ariko twabandanije gusenga dusaba ukwihangana. Amaherezo ku wa 16 Rusama, wa mushiki wacu yaraje maze atubwira ko ingabo za FPR zari zigaruriye ako gace k’igisagara twarimwo, ko rero dushobora kunyeguruka.”

Muri ico gihe none, ni ibiki vyariko birashikira Chantal umukenyezi wa Jean? Yigana ati: “Ku wa 8 Ndamukiza, narashoboye kuva mu nzu, ngenda njanye na wa mwana. Narabonanye na bashiki bacu babiri, uwitwa Immaculée, karangamuntu yiwe ikaba yari yanditseko ko yari Umuhutukazi, be n’uwitwa Suzanne, Umututsikazi. Twagomba kuja mu karere ka Bugesera, aho hakaba ari nko ku bilometero 50, aho abandi bana banje babiri bari, bari kumwe n’abavyeyi banje. Yamara, twarumvise ko amabarabara yose yinjira i Kigali yari yuzuyemwo amabariyeri. Twaciye rero dufata ingingo yo kuja mu kigwati co mu micungararo ya Kigali, aho incuti ya Immaculée yitwa Gahizi yaba, na we nyene akaba yari Icabona ca Yehova. Gahizi, uno akaba yari Umuhutu, yaratwakiriye neza kandi naho ababanyi bamugirako iterabwoba, nta ko atagize ngo adufashe. Aho abasoda ba Leta be n’Interahamwe bamenyeye ko Gahizi yari yanyegeje Abatutsi, baciye bamurasa.

“Abo basoda bamaze kwica Gahizi, baciye batumanukana ku ruzi kugira batwicireyo. N’ubwoba n’akantu, twari turindiriye urupfu. Ubwo nyene, nya basoda baciye batangura gucanamwo, maze umwe muri bo avuga ati: ‘Ntimwice aba bagore. Bazodutera umukoshi. Iki ni igihe co kwica abagabo gusa.’ André Twahirwa, uno akaba yari amaze indwi imwe abatijwe, ni umwe mu bavukanyi bacu bari bagumye bakurikirana irengero ryacu, kandi yarashoboye kutujana muhira iwe naho ababanyi bavyiyamirije. Bukeye, yaraduherekeje dusubira i Kigali, aho yizigira ko yoturonkeye ahantu hatagira inkomanzi twogumye. Yaradufashije kurengana amabariyeri yari ateye akaga cane. Immaculée ni we yari afise wa mwana wanje kugira ngo baduhagaritse, uwo mwana ashobore kurusimba. Twe na Suzanne twari twatabaguye karangamuntu zacu kugira ngo tugerageze guhisha ubwoko bwacu.

“Kw’ibariyeri imwe, Interahamwe zarakubise Immaculée urushi maze zimubwira ziti: ‘Kubera iki ugendana n’abo Batutsikazi?’ Baranse ko twe na Suzanne turengana. Immaculée na André baciye babandanya baja ku muvukanyi Rwakabubu. André be n’abandi bavukanyi babiri, ari bo Simon na Mathias, baremeye gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga, baradufasha kurengana iyo bariyeri ya nyuma maze baca banjana ku muvukanyi Rwakabubu, Suzanne na we aca aja kuri umwe mu ncuti ziwe.

“Ariko rero, vyaragaragaye ko nobaye ngeramiwe cane ndamutse ngumye ng’aho ku muvukanyi Rwakabubu, akaba ari co gituma abavukanyi bashoboye kuntwara ku Ngoro y’Ubwami baciye mu makuba menshi, aho akaba ari ho abandi bavukanyi bari binyegeje. Muri iyo Ngoro y’Ubwami hari hamaze guhungira abantu cumi b’Abatutsi, ni ukuvuga abavukanyi na bashiki bacu be n’abandi. Immaculée yarabaye umwizigirwa ku buryo yanse kumvirira. Yavuze ati: ‘Hamwe bokwica nanje ngasigara, nzoba nkijije umwana wawe.’”c

Muri ico gihe, umuvukanyi yitwa Védaste Bimenyimana yaba hafi yaho akaba yari afise umugore w’Umututsikazi, yarashoboye kujana umuryango wiwe ahantu hatagira inkomanzi. Abashikanye, yaciye agaruka kugira ngo afashe abari basigaye mu Ngoro y’Ubwami kuronka ahantu hatagira inkomanzi. Igishimishije, bose bararokotse.

Ihonyabwoko rimaze kurangira, Jean na Chantal bahavuye bamenya ko abavyeyi babo be na ba bana babo b’abakobwa bari aho kwa sekuru, umwe akaba yari afise imyaka ibiri uwundi itanu, bicanywe n’izindi ncuti zabo zishika 100. None bumvise bamerewe gute aho bumviye ko umuryango wabo wahonye ukuraho? Chantal yiyemerera ati: “Mu ntango vyari bigoye kwemera. Twari nk’ibiyingiyingi. Intuntu n’agahinda twagize kubera ukwo kubura vyari birenze urugero. Nta kindi twari dushoboye gukora atari ukubirekera mu maboko ya Yehova, twizigiye kuzosubira kubona abana bacu mw’izuka.”

BAMAZE IMISI 75 BANYEGEYE!

Tharcisse Seminega yabatirijwe muri Kongo mu 1983. Mu gihe c’ihonyabwoko yaba i Butare mu Rwanda nko ku bilometero 120 uvuye i Kigali. Yavuze ati: “Inyuma y’aho ya ndege yari ireruye umukuru w’igihugu isabiriye i Kigali, twarumvise ko hasohotse itegeko ryo kwica Abatutsi bose. Hari abavukanyi babiri bagerageje kuduhungishiriza mu Burundi, mugabo amabarabara n’amayira vyose vyari bicunzwe n’Interahamwe.

“Twari twiyugaraniye mu nzu yacu, kandi ntitwabona iyo twoja. Hari abasoda bane bari bashinze ijisho inzu yacu, kandi umwe muri bo yari yafoye inkoho yiwe ari nko ku metero 180. Mw’isengesho natuye Yehova ndabigiranye ubwira, navuze n’ijwi ryumvikana nti: ‘Yehova, nta kintu na kimwe dushoboye gukora kugira ngo turokore ubuzima bwacu. Ni wewe gusa ubishoboye!’ Bumaze kwira, hari umuvukanyi umwe yaje aho twari amaguru adakora hasi n’ubwoba bwinshi yibaza ko twamaze gupfa. Ba basoda baramwemereye kwinjira mu nzu no kumarayo akanya gato cane. Yarasubije umutima mu nda aho asangiye tukiri bazima, kandi hari ukuntu yashoboye gutwara iwe babiri mu bana bacu. Yaciye aja kubwira abandi bavukanyi babiri, Justin Rwagatore na Joseph Nduwayezu, ko umuryango wanje wari winyegeje kandi ko twari dukeneye ko badufasha. Baciye baza muri iryo joro nyene, kandi barashoboye kujana umuryango wacu kwa Justin, naho bitari vyoroshe kandi bikabamwo ingeramizi nyinshi.

“Aho kwa Justin twahamaze umwanya mutoyi cane kuko bukeye bwaho abantu baciye bamenya ko ari ho twinyegeje. Kuri uwo musi nyene, umugabo yitwa Vincent yaraje kutuburira ko Interahamwe zariko ziritegurira gutera ngo zitwice. Uwo mugabo yari yahoze yigana Bibiliya na Justin, ariko vyari vyaranse ko atera imbere. Vincent yadusavye ko twobanza kwinyegeza mu gashamba kari hafi y’inzu ya Justin. Mw’ijoro yaciye adutwara iwe. Yatunyegeje mu kazu k’impene. Ako kazu kari ak’ivyondo, gasakaje ivyatsi kandi katagira n’amadirisha.

“Twamaze imirango n’amajoro vyikwega busiba muri ako kazu kari hafi y’amasanganzira ku metero nka zingahe uvuye kw’isoko yarema cane yo muri ako karere. Twarashobora kwumva abantu barengana bahaya ivyo baba bakoze kuri uwo musi bakavuga n’inkuru ziteye ikinya z’abo bishe be n’ivyo bategekanya gukora. Ivyo vyaratuma turushiriza kugira ubwoba, mugabo twaguma dusenga dusaba ko tworokoka.

“Vincent ntako atakoze ngo aturonse ivyo twari dukeneye. Ako kazu twakamazemwo ukwezi, maze mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Rusama, kuguma muri ako kazu vyahavuye birushiriza kubamwo ingeramizi kubera ko Interahamwe zariko ziraza muri ako karere zihunze zivuye i Kigali. Abavukanyi baciye batwungururiza mu nzu y’umuvukanyi umwe yari ifise akumba ko mu kuzimu. Hari abandi bavukanyi batatu bari basanzwe banyegejwe muri ako kumba. Kugira ngo dushike kuri uwo muvukanyi, twagize urugendo rurimwo akaga rw’amasaha ane n’igice n’amaguru. Muri iryo joro haraguye imvura nyinshi, ivyo tukaba twabibonye nk’umuhezagiro kuko vyatumye abicanyi batatubona.

“Aho hantu hashasha twari twinyegeje hari mu kinogo c’imetero imwe n’igice uja mu kuzimu, cugazwa ikibaho. Kugira ngo dushike muri ico kinogo twamanukira ku ngazi hanyuma tugaca tugenda twavura duciye mu kintu kimeze nk’umuringoti gushika dushikiriye akumba k’imetero zibiri kuri zibiri. Hamota ibumba gusa, kandi agaco gakeyi kadushikira ni akazanana mu mugaga w’uruhome. Muri ako kumba harimwo jewe, umukenyezi wanje Chantal, abana bacu batanu be n’abandi bantu batatu. Twese uko twari cumi twamaze indwi zitandatu turundaniye muri ico kinogo. Nta n’akabuji twacana, kuko vyari guhava bituma abantu bamenya ko ari yo turi. Ariko rero, Yehova yaradushigikiye muri ayo makuba yose. Abavukanyi baremera gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga bakaza baratuzanira ibifungurwa n’imiti, bakongera bakaturemesha. Vyarashika tukadomeka ibuji ku murango kugira ngo dushobore gusoma Bibiliya, Umunara w’Inderetsi n’icanditswe c’umusi.

Tharcisse abandanya ati: “Ikigize intango kigira n’iherezo. Twahavuye dushika ku wa 5 Mukakaro 1994. Vincent yaratumenyesheje ko i Butare hafashwe n’ingabo za FPR. Aho tuviriye muri ico kinogo, hari abatemeye ko turi Abanyarwanda kuko urukoba rwacu rwari rwabenje bitumwe n’uko tutaronka umuco w’izuba. N’ikindi kandi, twaramaze igihe tudashobora kuvuga dusohora ijwi; twavuga gusa nk’abongorera. Haraciye amayinga atari make kugira ngo dusubirane.

“Ivyo bintu vyose vyadushikiye vyaragize ikintu kinini bihinduye ku mukenyezi wanje, uno akaba mu myaka cumi yari ihaciye yari yaranse kwiga Bibiliya n’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Ico gihe hoho yaciye atangura kwiga Bibiliya. Igihe bamubaza icabimutumye, yishuye ati: ‘Narakozwe ku mutima n’urukundo abavukanyi batugaragarije be n’ukuntu bitanze kugira ngo badukingire. Vyongeye, nariboneye ukuboko kw’ububasha kwa Yehova kwadukijije imipanga y’abicanyi.’ Yareguriye ubuzima bwiwe Yehova maze aca abatizwa kw’iteraniro rya mbere ryabaye inyuma y’intambara.

“Twumva dufitiye umwenda abavukanyi bose be na bashiki bacu bose bagize ico baterereye kugira ngo turokoke, haba mu vyo bakoze canke mu masengesho avuye ku mutima batura. Twariboneye ingene urukundo rwabo rugera kure kandi rutagira uburyarya rurengera amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko.”

UWAFASHIJE ABANDI NA WE ASUBIRIZWA MU NDUMANE

Mu nyuma, Justin Rwagatore, umwe mu bavukanyi bafashije mu gukingira umuryango w’umuvukanyi Seminega, na we yari akeneye gufashwa. Mu 1986 yari yarapfunzwe ahorwa ko yanse kugira uruhara mu vya politike ku ntwaro y’ico gihe. Haciye imyaka nk’ingahe Justin akingiye umuryango w’umuvukanyi Seminega, we hamwe n’abandi bavukanyi barongeye gufatwa kubera ko batagira aho bahengamiye. Umuvukanyi Seminega ni umwe mu bavukanyi bagiye ku bategetsi bo mu karere iwabo kugira ngo berekane aho Ivyabona vya Yehova bahagaze ku bijanye n’ivya politike. Yarasiguriye abo bategetsi ko Justin ari mu bantu bafashije cane mu gukingira umuryango wiwe. Ivyo vyatumye abavukanyi bose bari bapfunzwe barekurwa.

Akarorero keza abavukanyi bacu bagaragaje mu gihe c’ihonyabwoko karatumye abandi bemera ukuri. Umugatolika yitwa Suzanne Lizinde yari afise imyaka 65, yariboneye uruhara idini yarimwo ryagize mu gushigikira ihonyabwoko. Inyifato Ivyabona vya Yehova bagize mu karere abamwo mu gihe c’ihonyabwoko be n’urukundo bafitaniye vyaratumye atera imbere ningoga. Suzanne yabatijwe muri Nzero 1998 kandi ntiyigera asiba amakoraniro y’ishengero, naho yategerezwa kugenda n’amaguru ibilometero bitanu aca mu misozi kugira ngo ayitabe. Vyongeye, yarafashije umuryango wiwe kwiga ukuri. Muri iki gihe umwe mu bahungu biwe ni umukurambere, umwe mu buzukuru biwe na we akaba ari umukozi w’ishengero.

ABANTU IBIHUMBI AMAJANA BAHUNGA

Inyuma y’aho Henk van Bussel, umumisiyonari yari yarungitswe gukorera mu Rwanda mu 1992 ahungishirijwe muri Kenya muri Ndamukiza 1994, yaragize ingendo aja i Goma mu buseruko bwa Kongo kugira ngo afashe mu gutabara impunzi z’Abanyarwanda. Ku rubibe rwa Kongo, abavukanyi baguma bahanyuragira bafise ibisohokayandikiro bishingiye kuri Bibiliya bongera baririmba indirimbo z’Ubwami canke bazinwingira kugira ngo Ivyabona baba bavuye mu Rwanda bashobore kubamenya.

Ico gihe abantu bose bari batekewe n’ubwoba. Uko abasoda ba Leta babandanya kurwana n’ingabo za FPR, ni ko abantu ibihumbi amajana n’amajana baguma bahungira muri Kongo no muri Tanzaniya. Abavukanyi bahungira i Goma bahurira ku Ngoro y’Ubwami. Mu nyuma, harashinzwe ikambi y’impunzi hafi y’ico gisagara, iyokwakiriye abantu barenga 2.000, bobaye bagizwe gusa n’Ivyabona vya Yehova, abana babo be n’abari barashimishijwe n’ukuri. Abavukanyi barashinze amakambi nk’ayo mu tundi turere mu buseruko bwa Kongo.

Naho abantu bahunga wasanga ahanini ari Abahutu batinya kwihorwa, abavukanyi bobo bahungira hamwe ari Abahutu n’Abatutsi. Kujabutsa Umututsi ku rubibe ukamushikana i Goma vyarimwo ingeramizi cane, kubera ko Abatutsi babandanya kwicwa. Harageze aho kujabutsa umuvukanyi w’Umututsi muri Kongo vyasaba ko uhera umuntu amadolari 100 y’Abanyamerika.

Bari aho muri Kongo, abavukanyi bipfuza kuguma bari hamwe. Ntibipfuza kugiranira imigenderanire n’imwe n’Interahamwe, izabandanya gukora ikibi kibishe mu makambi yari yashinzwe na rya Shirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU. N’ikindi kandi, impunzi nka zose zitari Ivyabona zari zishigikiye Leta yari yimirije gusenyuka. Ivyabona vya Yehova ntibashimwa n’izo zindi mpunzi, na canecane Interahamwe, kuko batazishigikira. Abavukanyi bipfuza kuguma bitandukanije n’izo zindi mpunzi kugira ngo bashobore gukingira abavukanyi babo b’Abatutsi.

Kubera ko abo bavukanyi bari baje bavuye mu Rwanda bari bahunze iminwe misa, bari bakeneye imfashanyo. Izo mfashanyo zarungitswe n’Ivyabona vya Yehova bo mu Bubiligi, mu Bufaransa, mu Buswise, muri Kenya no muri Kongo, zikaba zari zigizwe n’amahera, imiti, ibifungurwa be n’impuzu, tutibagiye n’abaganga be n’abaforoma. Imwe mu ndege za mbere zari zizanye ivyo gutabara izo mpunzi yari irimwo amahema matomato yari yarungitswe n’ishami ryo mu Bufaransa. Mu nyuma, ishami ryo mu Bubiligi ryararungitse amahema maninimanini yashobora gukwirwamwo umuryango wose. Iryo shami ryararungitse na mwene vya bitanda umuntu ashobora kuzinga be na za matela umuntu ahuhiramwo impemu. Ishami ryo muri Kenya ryarungitse amatoni arenga abiri y’impuzu, be n’uburengeti burenga 2.000.

HATERA KOLERA

Inyuma y’aho Ivyabona be n’abari barashimishijwe n’ukuri bahungiye bavuye mu Rwanda, abarenga 1.000 bagumye baba mu Ngoro y’Ubwami y’i Goma be no hanze yayo. Ikibabaje ni uko aho i Goma hateye kolera bitumwe n’uko impunzi zari ikirenga. Ishami rya Kongo (Kinshasa) ryaciye rirungika mu maguru masha imiti yo kurwanya ico kiza, n’umuvukanyi Van Bussel araza aho i Goma avuye i Nairobi afise amakarato 60 y’imiti. Ya Ngoro y’Ubwami yaciye iba irakoreshwa nk’ibitaro, kandi haragizwe utwigoro twinshi two gushira abari bamaze gufatwa n’ico kiza ukwabo. Loic Domalain be n’uwundi muvukanyi, bompi bakaba bari abaganga, hamwe n’umuvukanyi w’Umunyarwanda Aimable Habimana yari asanzwe ari umufasha w’abaganga (uwo bita assistant médical), barakoze batiziganya. Umuvukanyi Hamel wo mu Bufaransa yarafashije cane mu gihe c’izo ngorane zose ari kumwe n’abandi bavukanyi na bashiki bacu batari bake b’abaganga bari baje bitanze kugira bitwararike abo barwayi.

Naho hagizwe utwigoro dukomeye two kwikingira ico kiza, abavukanyi be n’abari barashimishijwe n’ukuri barenga 150 barafashwe n’ico kiza, kandi carahitanye nka 40 imbere y’uko gituzwa. Mu nyuma, harakoteshejwe itongo rinini cane kugira ngo ryubakwemwo ikambi y’impunzi z’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Harashinzwe amahema matomato amajana n’amajana be n’ihema rinini cane ryari ryarungitswe n’ishami ryo muri Kenya kugira ngo rikoreshwe nk’ibitaro. Abakozi bamwe baturuka muri Amerika bakora mu vy’amagara y’abantu bagendeye iyo kambi baratangajwe cane n’isuku be n’urutonde vyaharangwa.

Mu ntango za Myandagaro 1994, komite ijejwe gutabara abashikiwe n’ivyago y’i Goma yariko yitwararika impunzi 2.274 zari zigizwe n’Ivyabona, abana babo be n’abari barashimishijwe n’ukuri. Muri ico gihe nyene, hari izindi mpunzi nyinshi zari i Bukavu n’i Buvira mu buseruko bwa Kongo nyene, hamwe no mu Burundi. Izindi mpunzi 230 zari mw’ikambi y’impunzi muri Tanzaniya.

Igihe vyaba ngombwa ko abavukanyi bo mu biro vy’ubuhinduzi vy’i Kigali bahungira i Goma, baciye bakotesha inzu kugira ngo bashobore kubandanya igikorwa c’ubuhinduzi. Abo bavukanyi barashoboye gukora ico gikorwa kuko mu gihe c’intambara bari bashoboye guhungana orodinateri be n’icuma gitanga umuyagankuba (générateur).

Aho i Goma, bisa n’uko ata telefone canke uburyo bwo kurungika amakete vyahabazwa. Yamara rero, abo bavukanyi babifashijwemwo n’Ivyabona bakorera ku kibuga c’indege, bararungika ivyo baba bahinduye be n’ayandi makete babicishije ku ndege yagira ingendo buri ndwi iva i Goma ija i Nairobi. Ivyo abavukanyi bo kw’ishami ryo muri Kenya barungika i Goma babicisha kuri ubwo buryo nyene.

Emmanuel Ngirente be n’abandi bahinduzi babiri barabandanije igikorwa c’ubuhinduzi uko bashoboye kwose, naho ibintu vyari vyifashe nabi. Hari ibiganiro vy’Umunara w’Inderetsi babwirijwe gusimba kubera intambara, mugabo bahavuye baza barahindura ivyo biganiro maze bigasohorwa mu dutabu tudasanzwe abavukanyi baca bakoresha mu Nyigisho y’igitabu y’ishengero.

UBUZIMA BWO MU MAKAMBI Y’IMPUNZI

Magingo abanyagihugu bari bagihunga bava i Kigali, Francine, uno akaba yari yahungiye i Goma inyuma y’aho biciye umugabo wiwe Ananie, yaciye arungikwa muri imwe mu makambi y’Ivyabona. Arigana ubuzima bwo muri iyo kambi ati: “Buri musi haba hariho abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bategura ibifungurwa. Mu gitondo, twateka ubuyi bw’amasaka canke bw’ibigori. Twarategura n’ibifungurwa vya sasita. Duhishije, twarashobora guca tuja mu murimo wo ndimiro. Twabwira inkuru nziza canecane abantu bo mu miryango yacu batari Ivyabona twari kumwe mw’ikambi be n’abantu baba mu micungararo y’iyo kambi. Ariko haciye igihe, Interahamwe, zino zikaba zari mu yandi makambi, zarashavujwe n’uko Ivyabona baba mu makambi ya bo nyene, ivyo bica bituma tugeramirwa cane.”

Muri Munyonyo 1994, vyarabonetse ko abavukanyi bashobora gusubira mu Rwanda. Nkako, vyararanga ubukerebutsi ko babigenza gutyo uravye ukuntu amakambi y’abatari Ivyabona yo muri Kongo yarangwamwo umutekano muke. Yamara guhunguka vyogoye cane. Interahamwe zariko ziyumvira ivyo kwiyungunganya maze zigatera Urwanda, zikaba rero zabona yuko umuntu wese yovuye muri Kongo akaja mu Rwanda ari icitso.

Abavukanyi baramenyesheje Leta y’Urwanda ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bipfuza guhunguka, bano bakaba bagumye batagira aho bahengamiye muri ya ntambara kandi ntibagira uruhara muri rya honyabwoko ryagiriwe Abatutsi. Leta yasavye abavukanyi kuvugana na rya Shirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho impunzi (HCR), iryari rifise imiduga yoshoboye gukoreshwa mu kubahungukana. Ariko rero, kubera ko Interahamwe zociye zibuza abo bavukanyi gusubira mu Rwanda, babwirizwa kubigira ku rwenge.

Abavukanyi baratangaje ko himirije iteraniro ridasanzwe ry’umusi umwe i Goma, bongera barategura ibitambara vyanditsweko ivy’iryo teraniro. Baciye bamenyesha Ivyabona mu mpisho ibijanye n’ukwo guhunguka mu Rwanda. Mugabo kugira ngo ntihagire abavyikeka, abavukanyi bategetswe gusiga ibintu vyabo mw’ikambi, bakagenda bitwaje gusa Bibiliya n’ibitabu vy’indirimbo, kugira ngo biboneke ko bagiye kw’iteraniro.

Francine yibuka ko bagiye n’amaguru urugendo rw’amasaha nk’angahe maze bahava barashika aho ibikamyo vyari bihagaze birindiriye guca bibatwara ku rubibe. Ku rubibe rw’Urwanda na ho, HCR yaciye itunganya ivyo kubatwara gushika i Kigali no guca babajana mu turere iwabo. Muri Kigarama 1994 ni ho abavukanyi nka bose be n’imiryango yabo hamwe n’abari barashimishijwe bahunguka bagasubira mu Rwanda. Ikinyamakuru kimwe co mu Bubiligi (Le Soir) casohotse ku wa 3 Kigarama 1994, cagize giti: “Impunzi z’Abanyarwanda 1.500 zahisemwo kuva muri Zayire [Kongo] kubera zabona ko umutekano wazo utari uhagije. Izo mpunzi ni Ivyabona vya Yehova bari bashinze amakambi yabo haruguru y’ikambi rya Katale. Ivyabona vya Yehova barahamwe cane n’intwaro yahora mu Rwanda kubera ko banse gufata ibirwanisho no kugira uruhara mu manama y’ivya politike.”

Francine amaze gusubira mu Rwanda, yarashoboye kwitaba ihwaniro ry’intara ryabereye i Nairobi. Aho yiruriwe inyuma y’urupfu rw’umugabo wiwe akongera agakomezwa n’abavukanyi na bashiki bacu, yarasubiye gukorera ku biro vy’ubuhinduzi vyari vyasubiye gushingwa i Kigali. Mu nyuma yarubakanye na Emmanuel Ngirente, kandi barabandanya gukorera ku biro vy’ishami.

None Francine yashoboye gute kwihangana muri iyo ntambara? Yavuze ati: “Ico gihe, nta kindi twiyumvira atari uko tubwirizwa kuguma twihanganye gushika kw’iherezo. Twahisemwo kutaguma twiyumvira ibintu biteye ubwoba vyariko biraba. Ndibuka ko nahumurijwe n’amajambo yo muri Habakuki 3:17-19, avuga ibijanye n’uburyo bwo kuronka umunezero mu bihe bigoye. Abavukanyi na bashiki bacu barandemesheje cane. Bamwe baranyandikira. Ivyo vyaramfashije kuguma mbona ibintu mu buryo bw’impwemu. Naguma nibuka ko Shetani akoresha amayeri menshi. Mu gihe twoguma twibanze ku ngorane yinaka, twoshobora gusanga twananiwe no kwihanganira iyindi. Tutagumye turikanuye, twoshobora gusanga twagoyagoye muri ubu buryo canke ubundi.”

BAMAZE GUSUBIRA MU RWANDA

Umuvukanyi Van Bussel yarafashije cane abavukanyi bari bagarutse mu Rwanda. Avuga ati: “Haratunganijwe ivyo twise ko ari ugusubira gutangura ubuzima kugira ngo abo bavukanyi bafashwe gusubirana inyuma y’aho habereye intambara, ushizemwo n’abari bagumye mu Rwanda bagatakaza hafi ibintu vyabo vyose. Haragenywe abavukanyi kugira ngo bagendere buri shengero maze bihweze ivyo rikeneye. Abagize imiryango be n’abo wasanga ari abirebange barahawe ivya nkenerwa bivanye n’uko ivyabo vyari vyifashe. Abavukanyi baratahuye ko inyuma y’amezi atatu bobaye bashoboye kwitunga.”

Ariko ntiwumve, haritwararitswe cane ivyo abavukanyi bari bakeneye mu vy’impwemu. Umugwi w’abahinduzi warasubiye mu nyubakwa wahoramwo i Kigali. Umuvukanyi Van Bussel aribuka ko iyo nyubakwa yari yaratobaguwe n’amasasu, ariko ibitabu nka vyose vyari muri depo vyari bikihari. Haraciye amezi n’ayandi baza barabona amasasu mu makarato y’ibisohokayandikiro. Umwe mu bahinduzi yarabonye igerenade mu busitani! Haciye umwaka nko muri Gitugutu 1995, umugwi w’abahinduzi warimukiye mu nyubakwa nini kandi ibereye kuruta yari ku rundi ruhande rw’igisagara. Iyo nyubakwa bari bapanze ni yo bakoreramwo bakongera bakabamwo gushika aho ibiro bishasha vy’ishami vyubakiwe mu 2006.

“WAMENGA NI IZUKA!”

Muri Kigarama 1994, abavukanyi nka bose bari bamaze kugaruka bavuye muri Kongo, hakaba hari mu gihe c’ihwaniro ry’intara ryari rifise umutwe-shimikiro ubereye wagira uti: “Ugutinya Imana.” Vyari bitegekanijwe ko ribera kuri imwe mu Ngoro z’Ubwami z’i Kigali. Hari abavukanyi bo mu Bufaransa, mu Buganda no muri Kenya baje kuri iryo hwaniro. Ku wa gatanu mu gitondo, abavukanyi bari bakubise harazima kuri nya ngoro. Mushiki wacu umwe arigana ivyo yibuka ati: “Vyarakora ku mutima kubona abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bariko barwana mu nda bakorora amosozi. Ni ho bari bakibonana kuva aho intambara itereye. Baribonaniye n’abagenzi babo bibaza ko bari barapfuye!” Hari uwundi mushiki wacu yavuze ati: “Wamenga ni izuka!”

Günter Reschke ni umwe mu bavukanyi bari baje kuri iryo hwaniro bavuye muri Kenya. Yavuze ati: “Ese ukuntu wari umunezero gusubira guhurira hamwe inyuma y’ayo magume yose be no kwibonera abacitse kw’icumu! Ariko rero, hari ingorane yari ihari. Abategetsi bari barajwe ishinga n’iryo sinzi ry’abantu ryari rikoraniye hamwe. Porogarama yo ku muhingamo igitangura, haciye haza abasoda maze bavuga yuko iryo hwaniro rihagaritswe kubera imvo z’umutekano. Twabwirijwe guca tuva ubwo nyene muri ico kibanza. Twararonse akanya ko kuremesha abavukanyi bacu, maze duhava turasubira i Nairobi, tubabajwe n’uko abavukanyi batari bashoboye gukurikirana porogarama yose y’iryo hwaniro. Naho twari twacitse intege ukuraho, twarumva ko twakoze ivyo dushoboye vyose kugira ngo turemeshe abavukanyi bacu muri ubwo buryo kugira babandanye gukomera mu kwizera, kandi twagiye tujijutse ko bari biyemeje kubigenza gutyo.”

Kubera ko ico gihe hari hamaze kuba agahengwe mu gihugu, Abanyarwanda benshi baba mu mahanga barafashe ingingo yo gutahuka. Mu batahutse harimwo n’abavukiye hanze inyuma y’aho abavyeyi babo bahungiye Urwanda igihe haba indyane zishingiye ku moko no ku vya politike amaja mu mpera y’imyaka ya 1950 na 1960. Muri iryo sinzi ry’abantu batahutse harimwo n’abigiye ukuri mu mahanga. Nk’akarorero, James Munyaburanga n’umuryango wiwe bamenyeye ukuri mu gihugu ca République centrafricaine. Kubera ko Leta nshasha y’Urwanda yipfuza cane guha ubuzi abari batahutse, umuvukanyi Munyaburanga yarahawe akazi. Ariko rero, inyuma y’aho atahiye mu Rwanda, yararwanijwe yongera aratyekezwa n’incuti be n’abo bakorana kubera ko yari yahisemwo kubaho yisunga ingingo ngenderwako za gikirisu. Yahavuye asaba gukukuruka hataragera aca yibera umutsimvyi asanzwe. Ubu ni we aserukira imbere y’amategeko ishirahamwe ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova muri ico gihugu.

Ngirabakunzi Mashariki yamenyeye ukuri mu buseruko bwa Kongo. Yavuze ati: “Kubera ko nari Umututsi, naramaze imyaka myinshi nihanganiye ugukumirwa. Igihe natangura kwifatanya n’Ivyabona vya Yehova, wamenga nshitse mu yindi si! Kwifatanya n’abantu bafatana ibintu uburemere babaho bahuza n’ivyo bigisha wamengo ni igitangaro kuri jewe. Urukundo bafitaniye rwararushirije kwibonekeza mu gihe ca rya honyabwoko ryagirirwa Abatutsi mu 1994. Abavukanyi baranyegeje umuryango wanje bongera baradukingira. Natumiwe gukorera kuri Beteli mu 1998, aho ubu nsukurira n’umukenyezi wanje Emerance. Si je nzobona isi nshasha irashitse, aho umwikeko wose be n’ugukumirwa kwose bizoba vyahavuye, isi na yo ikazoba yuzuyemwo abantu bambaza Yehova kandi babana mu bumwe.”

IGIKORWA GISUBIRA GUTERA IMBERE

Muri Ntwarante 1994, imbere y’uko haduka intambara, mu Rwanda hari abamamaji 2.500. Muri Rusama 1995, hari abamamaji 2.807, naho hari benshi cane bishwe mu gihe c’ihonyabwoko. Abantu b’imitima nziraburyarya wasanga baza ku bwinshi mw’ishirahamwe rya Yehova. Nk’akarorero, mushiki wacu umwe akora ubutsimvyi budasanzwe, yayobora inyigisho za Bibiliya zirenga 22. Hari n’abandi yasaba ko boba bararindiriye! Umucungezi umwe w’umuzunguruko yavuze ati: “Intambara yarafashije abantu gutahura ko kwiruka inyuma y’ibintu vy’umubiri ata co bimaze.”

Muri Nzero 1996, abavukanyi baragize rya Hwaniro ry’intara ryataziriwe ngo “Abashemeji banyamunezero.” Ese ukuntu ryari ihwaniro riteye umunezero! Kubera ko iryo mu mwaka wahera ryari ryahagaritswe, twovuga ko ari ryo hwaniro rya mbere ryabaye inyuma y’intambara. Umuvukanyi umwe avuga ati: “Bararwana mu nda bakorora amosozi, kandi vyari bitangaje canecane kubona abavukanyi na bashiki bacu b’Abahutu n’Abatutsi barwana mu nda.” Iryo hwaniro ryitabwe n’abantu 4.424, habatizwa 285. Umuvukanyi Reschke arigana ivyabaye ati: “Narakozwe ku mutima no kwumva abari bagiye kubatizwa bishura n’ijwi rirenga ngo ‘Yego!’ (ego) ku bibazo bibiri bibazwa abagiye kubatizwa. Bari batonze umurongo ku kibuga c’inkino barindiriye kubatizwa, bajobetswe n’imvura nyinshi cane yari yaguye. Ivyo nta co vyari bibabwiye. Bivugira bati: ‘N’ubundi tugiye kujoba!’”

Henk van Bussel yaragarutse mu Rwanda; Günter Reschke na we, uwari yaje gufasha gusubira gutanguza igikorwa, ico gihe yaciye agenwa gukorera aho mu Rwanda. Gatoyi inyuma y’aho, Godfrey Bint n’umukenyezi wiwe Jennie na bo nyene baragarutse mu Rwanda.

BATORA UMWANA WABO YARI YAZIMIYE!

Haciye imyaka itari mike intambara yararangiye, abagize imiryango bari barazimiranye barasubiye gutorana. Nk’akarorero mu 1994, igihe intambara yakomera i Kigali, abantu barahungiye icarimwe, maze kubera uguta umutwe, Oreste Murinda yarazimiranye n’umugore wiwe, ahungira i Gitarama n’agahungu kabo k’imyaka ibiri n’igice. Igihe Oreste yaja kurondera ibifungurwa, intambara yarongeye kwaduka, maze kubera ukujuragirika, we na nya gahungu kabo barazimirana.

Intambara iheze, Oreste n’umukenyezi wiwe barasubiye gutorana, ariko ka gahungu kabo ntikaboneka. Baciye biyumvira ko kishwe. Yamara haciye imyaka ibiri, hari umugabo atari Icabona yaje gukorera i Kigali avuye mu gihugu hagati. Yarahuye n’abavukanyi bamwe maze birashika arababwira ko mu muryango umwe w’umubanyi wiwe i Gisenyi bari barabuze umwana wabo mu ntambara, ariko ko hari impfuvyi bareze. Uwo mwana yaribuka izina rya se wiwe kandi yavuga yuko abavyeyi biwe bari Ivyabona vya Yehova. Abo bavukanyi baramenye abavyeyi b’uwo mwana, barabarondera, na bo baca barereka uwo mugabo amafoto y’uwo mwana wabo. Emwe, yari umwana wabo koko! Oreste yaciye aja kuzana uwo mwana wabo, maze abo bavyeyi be n’uwo mwana wabo basubira gutorana haciye imyaka ibiri n’igice! Uwo muhungu ubu ni umwamamaji yabatijwe.

Birashimishije kubona abavukanyi baritayeho abana bose bacitse kw’icumu igihe abavyeyi babo b’Ivyabona bicwa. Nta n’umwe yashizwe muri vya bigo barereramwo impfuvyi. Vyarashika kandi bakitaho impfuvyi z’ababanyi babo canke z’abo mu miryango yabo. Umugabo umwe n’umukenyezi wiwe, abari basanzwe bafise abana cumi, baratoye bongera baritaho abandi bana cumi b’impfuvyi.

UMUTEKANO USUBIRA GUHUNGABANA MU BURARUKO

Mu mpera za 1996, intambara y’abanyagihugu yadutse muri Kongo yaratumye birushiriza kugora cane gucungera umutekano mu makambi y’impunzi yari akirimwo impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zirenga umuliyoni. Muri Munyonyo, izo mpunzi zabwirijwe gutahuka mu Rwanda canke guhungira kure mu mashamba cimeza yo muri Kongo. Abenshi baratahutse, muri bo hakaba harimwo abavukanyi bari bagumyeyo, batari baratahutse muri Kigarama 1994. Cari ikintu c’intibagirwa kubona amasinzi y’abantu, abato n’abakuze, bariko baraca mu mabarabara ya Kigali bambaye impuzu zuzuyeko umukungugu w’ubutaka bwo muri Afrika, n’intekera ku mutwe. Izo mpunzi zose zabwirizwa gusubizwa ku gatumba kugira ngo zisubire kwandikwa. Vyarashika umutekano ugacungerwa cane ku buryo ata gacaruka.

Ikibabaje ni uko hari abantu benshi b’inkozi z’ikibi baje bisobetse muri izo mpunzi, ushizemwo Interahamwe zimwezimwe, izagerageje kubandanya ibikorwa vyazo mu buraruko bushira uburengero bw’ico gihugu. Ku bw’ivyo, haciye harungikwayo abasirikare ngo baje kugarukana umutekano. Hari abavukanyi benshi baba muri ako karere, kandi rwari urugamba rukomeye kuguma ata ho bahengamiye. Hagati ya 1997 na 1998, abamamaji barenga 100 barahasize ubuzima, abenshi bakaba bishwe kubera ko bagumye badahemuka, ntibagira aho bahengamiye. Wasanga abacungezi b’imizunguruko badashobora kugendera amashengero yo muri ako karere badahorereza kubera ko vyashika hakaba ingeramizi zikomeye cane.

UMUGABO N’UMUGORE B’UMUTIMA RUGABO

Théobald Munyampundu, ari kumwe n’umukenyezi wiwe Berancille, yari umwe mu bacungezi b’imizunguruko bashoboye kugendera amashengero yo mu karere karangwamwo umutekano muke. Ntiryari ryo rya mbere ubuzima bwabo buja mu kaga. Théobald yabatijwe mu 1984, maze haheze imyaka ibiri aratabwa mw’ibohero ari kumwe n’abandi bavukanyi na bashiki bacu batari bake, ari aho mw’ibohero akaba yarakubiswe cane. We n’umukenyezi wiwe baranashize ubuzima bwabo mu kaga baranyegeza abandi mu gihe ca rya honyabwoko ryagirirwa Abatutsi. Inyuma y’aho barokoreye umuhungu umwe w’umuyabaga nyina wiwe yahitanywe n’ihonyabwoko, barashoboye kuja muri Tanzaniya. Théobald yaragendeye amakambi abiri y’impunzi, iy’i Benaco n’iy’i Karagwe, kugira ngo aremeshe abavukanyi, naho kuva mw’ikambi uja mu yindi vyari biteye akaga cane kubera ababandi.

Bamaze gusubira mu Rwanda, Théobald n’umukenyezi wiwe barasubiye gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga mu kwemera kuja kugendera Ivyabona mu karere karangwamwo umutekano muke ko mu buraruko bushira uburengero bw’ico gihugu. Théobald yavuze ati: “Vyarashika tukagendera amashengero ari kure. Kubera umutekano muke, ntitwashobora kurarayo. Ndibuka ko mu ndwi idasanzwe imwe twabwirijwe buri musi kuza turagira urugendo rw’amasaha ane n’amaguru mu rushana imvura ari nyinshi cane tugiye kugendera abavukanyi, kandi bikaba ngombwa ko ku mugoroba tuza turagira yandi masaha ane tugarutse aho twaba.”

Théobald aradondora umuvukanyi umwe yabonye igihe yari yagendeye umugwi wari ukwa wonyene wo muri ako karere, ati: “Naho Jean-Pierre ari impumyi, narumiwe igihe namubona ahagurutse ngo atange ikiganiro co gusoma Bibiliya yari yahawe mw’Ishure ry’ubusuku bwa Gitewokarasi maze akagisubiramwo ku mutwe, ata makosa, kandi yubahiriza utumenyetso two kuruhuka! Yari yasavye umuvukanyi umwe kumusomera neza ico gisomwa ku buryo yashoboye kugifata ku mutwe. Nararemeshejwe cane n’uwo mwiyemezo yari afise.”

Théobald asubije amaso inyuma akazirikana ku buzima bumara akanyota yagize ariko rimwe na rimwe bukaba bwaranzwemwo ibintu biteye akaga, avuga ati: “Mu bihe bitoroshe vyose twaciyemwo, twagumye twizigira Yehova, akenshi tukazirikana ku majambo dusanga mu Baheburaho 13:6 agira ati: ‘Yehova ni umutabazi wanje; sinzotinya. Umuntu yongira iki?’” Inyuma y’ikiringo yamaze asukura adahemuka ari umucungezi w’umuzunguruko be n’uw’intara, we n’umukenyezi wiwe barabandanya gusukura ari abatsimvyi badasanzwe naho bafise ingorane z’amagara.

HUBAKWA INGORO Y’AMATERANIRO

Uko Ivyabona baguma biyongera, ni ko kuronka ikibanza kibereye co kugiriramwo amahwaniro i Kigali vyarushiriza kuba urugamba. Nk’akarorero, iruhande y’ikibuga c’inkino cariko kiberamwo rya Hwaniro ry’intara ryataziriwe ngo “Intwarabutumwa z’amahoro mvamana” muri Kigarama 1996, hariho igifurege gicamwo imyanda inuka cane yava mw’ibohero ryo hafi. Abavukanyi baridoze cane kubera uwo munuko, kandi abavyeyi baratinya ko abana babo bohanduriye indwara. Ku bw’ivyo, abagize Komite y’igihugu bose ata n’umwe avuyemwo baciye bafata ingingo y’uko iryo ryobaye ryo hwaniro ry’intara rya nyuma bagiriye muri ico kibuga c’inkino. Ariko none, amahwaniro yogiye arabera he?

Umushikiranganji ajejwe amatongo yari yaremereye ishengero rimwe ry’i Kigali itongo ryo kwubakamwo Ingoro y’Ubwami. Iryo tongo ryari rinini cane ku buryo abavukanyi baramutse batanze imigero y’Ingoro y’Ubwami gusa, uwo mushikiranganji yociye akurako igice c’iryo tongo akagiha uwundi muntu. Ku bw’ivyo rero, babigiranye ukwizigira Yehova, baciye batanga imigero y’Ingoro y’Ubwami be n’iy’Ingoro y’amateraniro ibayabaye, bizigiye no kuzokwubaka iyindi Ngoro y’Ubwami mu nyuma. Abategetsi baho baremeje iyo migero.

Abavukanyi barateguye ico kibanza. Abavukanyi amajana baritanze baratema ishamba ryari rihari bongera barimba utuzu twa surwumwe. Ico kibanza cahavuye kiba itongo riteye igomwe rimeze nk’irikirurutse ribereye kugirirwamwo amateraniro.

Mu mezi yakurikiye, abavukanyi baragiriye amateraniro abiri be n’ikoraniro ridasanzwe muri ico kibanza, ariko vyarabaye ngombwa ko abitavye ivyo biringo bipfuka ibintu birinda imvura canke imyumvuri kubera imvura irimwo umuyaga. Ku bw’ivyo, abavukanyi barasavye Inama Nyobozi ko bokwubaka Ingoro y’amateraniro isanzwe, isakaye ariko itagira impome.

Muri Ntwarante 1998, Inama Nyobozi yaratanze uruhusha rwo kwubaka iyo Ngoro y’amateraniro. Ibikorwa vyo mu ntango vyakozwe mu gihe gito. Mu kiringo cose c’ubwubatsi, abagize imiryango bose barakorana, bakimba ibinogo bashingamwo inkingi. Bose bakorana mu bumwe. Ku wa 6 Ntwarante 1999, ni ho umuvukanyi Jean-Jules Guilloud wo kw’ishami ryo mu Buswise yashikiriza insiguro yo kwegurira Yehova iyo nyubakwa nshasha.

Mu 1999, umutekano waragarutse mu gihugu cose. Muri Ruhuhuma muri uwo mwaka, abamisiyonari babiri ari bo Ralph Jones n’umukenyezi wiwe Jennifer, bararungitswe gukorera ku biro vy’igihugu vy’Urwanda, maze umuryango wa Beteli uraguka ushika ku bantu 21.

Abavukanyi babiri b’Abanyarwanda bari barasohotse rya Shure rimenyereza abasuku (ubu rikaba ryitwa Ishure ry’ivya Bibiliya ry’abavukanyi batubatse) i Kinshasa muri Kongo, nko ku bilometero 1.600. Yamara, kubera ko ico gihe hari intambara muri Kongo, vyararushirije kutoroha ko abavukanyi b’Abanyarwanda baja i Kinshasa. Ku bw’ivyo, Inama Nyobozi yaremeye ko iryo Shure rimenyereza abasuku ribera i Kigali. Muri Kigarama 2000 ni ho hasohoka abanyeshure 28 bari bitavye ishure rya mbere, bakaba bari baje bava mu Burundi, muri Kongo no mu Rwanda.

Muri Rusama 2000, Urwanda rwarabaye ishami, kandi abavukanyi ntibatevye kuronka ikibanza kibereye co kwubakamwo ibiro vy’ishami ryokwitwararika igikorwa cariko kirongerekana cane. Muri Ndamukiza 2001 baraguze itongo ry’amahegitari abiri. Abavukanyi batari bake b’i Kigali ntibazokwibagira igikorwa kitoroshe co gutema ishamba ryari muri iryo tongo ryari rimaze imyaka n’iyindi ritarimwa.

MU BUSERUKO BWA KONGO HATURIKA IBIRUNGA

Ku wa 17 Nzero 2002, umusozi Nyiragongo uri ku bilometero 16 uvuye i Goma mu buseruko bwa Kongo, waratanguye kuruka ibirunga, kandi abantu benshi bo muri ako karere babwirijwe guhunga. Benshi mu bamamaji 1.600 bo muri ako karere be n’abana babo n’abashimishijwe n’ukuri barajabutse urubibe bahungira hafi yaho i Gisenyi mu Rwanda, maze baca bajanwa ku Ngoro z’Ubwami zo muri iyo micungararo.

Bukeye abavukanyi bo ku biro vy’ishami vyo mu Rwanda bararungitse ikamyo irimwo amatoni atatu y’ibintu vya nkenerwa bigizwe n’ibifungurwa, uburengeti n’imiti. Ivyo bintu vyaciye bigabanganirizwa abavukanyi bari ku Ngoro z’Ubwami zitandatu zo muri ako karere ko hafi y’urubibe rwa Kongo.

Kubera imvo z’umutekano, Leta y’Urwanda yaratinye kugumiza abo banyagihugu b’Abanyekongo benshi ukuraho mu Ngoro z’Ubwami maze basaba bashimitse ko bojanwa mu makambi y’impunzi. Hari abavukanyi baje baserukiye Komite y’ishami y’Urwanda bahuriye i Goma n’abandi babiri bari baje baserukira Komite y’ishami yo muri Kongo bari kumwe n’abakurambere bo mu mashengero y’i Goma kugira ngo bavugane icokorwa. Abavukanyi bo muri Kongo baravuze bashimitse ko batipfuza ko abavukanyi babo bashirwa mu makambi y’impunzi mu Rwanda. Bavuze bati: “Mu 1994 twaritwararitse abavukanyi b’Abanyarwanda n’imiryango yabo be n’abashimishijwe n’ukuri, bose hamwe bakaba barenga 2.000. Rero aho kureka ngo abavukanyi bacu baje kuba mu makambi, nimureke bagaruke i Goma, tuzobitwararika nk’uko twitwararitse abo bavukanyi b’Abanyarwanda.”

Ico ciyumviro abo bavukanyi bo muri Kongo bari bafise co gutahukana abavukanyi babo maze bakabasabira indaro mu mihana y’abandi bavukanyi aho kubareka ngo bagende kuba mu makambi yari yatunganijwe n’amashirahamwe atari ay’Ivyabona cararanga ubwakiranyi n’urukundo. Ku bw’ivyo, abo bavukanyi n’imiryango yabo baciye basubira i Goma, aho bahawe indaro. Aho bashikiye i Goma, bararonkejwe izindi mfashanyo zarimwo n’amahema, zikaba zari zivuye mu Bubiligi, mu Bufaransa no mu Buswise, kugira zifashe muri ico gihe. Abo bavukanyi bagumye i Goma gushika bubakiwe amazu mashasha.

IBINTU VY’INTIBAGIRWA MU VYA GITEWOKARASI

Ku bijanye n’ishami rishasha, abavukanyi bakora mu Biro vy’akarere vy’abahinga mu vy’ubwubatsi vyo muri Afrika y’Epfo baracafye imigero, hongera haragirwa amasezerano n’ishirahamwe rimwe ryo mu Rwanda ryubaka amazu. Abubatsi mvamakungu bakora bavyishakiye barafashije muri ubwo bwubatsi, kandi Ivyabona batari bake bo mu Rwanda baritanze kugira ngo bafashe mu gutera ubusitani no mu bindi bikorwa bisozera. Naho vyashitse hakaba intambamyi be n’izindi ngorane, umuryango wa Beteli warimukiye muri izo nyubakwa nshasha zibereye ijisho muri Ntwarante 2006. Amaja mu mpera z’uwo mwaka, ni ukuvuga ku wa 2 Kigarama 2006, umuvukanyi Guy Pierce wo mu Nama Nyobozi, ari kumwe n’umukenyezi wiwe, yaraje ku rubanza rudasanzwe rwo kwegurira Yehova izo nyubakwa. Abavukanyi na bashiki bacu nka 553, harimwo 112 bari baje bava mu bihugu 15 bitandukanye, ni bo bitavye iyo porogarama idasanzwe.

Jim Holmes n’umukenyezi wiwe Rachel ni bamwe mu bafashije mu gihe c’ubwo bwubatsi. Kubera ko bari bazi ururimi rw’ibimenyetso rw’Abanyamerika, barasavye abagize umuryango wa Beteli bose bavyipfuza kugira baze barabigisha urwo rurimi ku wa mbere inyuma y’Inyigisho y’Umunara w’Inderetsi. Batandatu baremeye, kandi bahavuye barumenya neza ku buryo budakeye na kabiri haciye hashingwa umugwi ukoresha ururimi rw’ibimenyetso.

Muri Ruheshi 2007, Kevin Rupp, umuvukanyi yasohotse rya Shure rimenyereza abasuku mu Buswise yararungitswe gukorera ubumisiyonari mu Rwanda kugira ngo afashe kwamamaza mu rurimi rw’ibimenyetso. Inyuma y’aho gatoyi, hari abandi bamisiyonari bubakanye bo muri Kanada bazi ururimi rw’ibimenyetso barungitswe gukorera mu Rwanda. Muri Mukakaro 2008, abo bavukanyi baratanguje ishengero rikoresha ururimi rw’ibimenyetso, kandi ntihatevye kuboneka n’iyindi migwi.

Ese ukuntu abavukanyi bahimbawe cane igihe kw’ihwaniro ry’intara ryo mu 2007 bamenyeshwa ko Impinduro y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu igiye kuboneka mu kinyarwanda! Urunani rw’amashirahamwe y’ivya Bibiliya rwari rwarasohoye mu 1956 Bibiliya y’ikinyarwanda yuzuye. Naho urwo runani rwagize akigoro kavuye ku mutima ko guhindura Bibiliya mu kinyarwanda mbere bakanakoresha n’izina YEHOVA incuro indwi mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo, umuntu wese arashobora kuronka Bibiliya y’isi nshasha, na canecane abafise uburyo buke. Iyo Mpinduro y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu ntigiramwo amakosa kandi iroroshe gusoma. Turakenguruka utwigoro dukomeye abahinduzi bo mu Rwanda bagize babifashijwemwo n’Urwego ruraba ivy’ubuhinduzi rw’i New York. Ese ukuntu bikora ku mutima kubona mu bana nka bose baba bari mu Ngoro y’Ubwami umwe wese aba afise Bibiliya yiwe y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki, kandi bariko baduza amaboko n’umunezero mwinshi kugira ngo basome icanditswe mu makoraniro!

IZINDI NGORANE ZIJANYE NO KUTAGIRA AHO BAHENGAMIYE MU VYA POLITIKE

Naho abavukanyi bari bafise umwidegemvyo mu vy’idini kuva igihe bemererwa mu 1992, bagumye bahangana n’ingorane z’urutavanako kubera ko ata ho bahengamiye mu vya politike. Mu myaka 15 iheze, abavukanyi amajana barafashwe kubera ko batagira uruhara mu marondo y’ijoro yahagarikirwa n’abasoda. Ariko inyuma y’aho abakuru b’intwaro babonaniye n’abari baserukiye abavukanyi, abo bategetsi baremereye abavukanyi gukora ibikorwa bisubirira iryo rondo.

Mu myaka iheze, abigisha 215 barirukanywe ku kazi kubera yuko banse kuja mu manama nkarishabwenge y’ivya politike. Inyuma y’aho, abanyeshure 118 barirukanywe kw’ishure kubera ko banse kuririmba ururirimbo ruhayagiza igihugu. Abaserukiye ishami baragiye kubonana n’abategetsi kugira ngo babasigurire impagararo yacu yo kuba ata ho duhengamiye, maze haciye amezi atari make abo banyeshure nka bose baremerewe gusubira kw’ishure. Abo bavukanyi baragarutse kuri kahise k’igikorwa cacu mu Rwanda, barerekana ko mu 1986 Ivyabona vya Yehova bapfunzwe kubera ata ho bahengamiye mu vya politike, bongera barerekana ko iyo mvo nyene iri mu bintu nyamukuru vyatumye mu 1994 batagira uruhara mw’ihonyabwoko.—Yoh. 17:16.

Ivyabona vya Yehova barubaha amategeko ya Leta, kandi baguma ata ho bahengamiye mu vya politike naho hoba hatwara nde. Nk’akarorero, mu 1986, Hakizimana François-Xavier yarapfunzwe amezi 18 kubera impagararo yiwe yo kuba ata ho ahengamiye mu vya politike. Aho zihinduriye imirisho inyuma y’ihonyabwoko, yarasubiye gupfungwa mu 1997 no mu 1998 ahowe ico kintu nyene. Ubwo burorero burerekana ko Ivyabona vya Yehova batigera bahindura impagararo yabo kandi ko ata ntwaro n’imwe barwanya canke ngo bashigikire. Ukwo kuba Ivyabona vya Yehova batagira aho bahengamiye gushingiye mu vy’ukuri ku ngingo ngenderwako zo mu Vyanditswe.

Uretse izo ngorane, abavukanyi barafise umwidegemvyo wo kugira amakoraniro agirwa buri ndwi be n’amahwaniro, kandi baremererwa kwamamaza no kugirira amakoraniro mu mabohero atari make. Abanyororo batari bake baramaze kwemera ukuri. Vyongeye, mu mwaka w’umurimo wa 2009, Ivyabona vya Yehova bo mu Rwanda barambitswe izera mu manza zitandatu.

KAZOZA NI KEZA

Nta worangiza kwigana inkuru yo mu Rwanda atavuze muri make ibijanye na porogarama itangaje cane y’ubwubatsi bw’Ingoro z’Ubwami. Kuva aho hashiriweho intunganyo nshasha yo kwubaka Ingoro z’Ubwami mu bihugu bikenye mu 1999, ubu mu Rwanda haramaze kwubakwa Ingoro z’Ubwami 290 zibayabaye ariko zibereye ijisho zubatswe n’abavukanyi bitanze ku bw’ico gikorwa.

Bafashwe mu mugongo n’abamamaji barangwa umunezero bo mu mashengero yaba ariko arubakirwa ingoro, imwimwe muri izo ngoro nka zose abo bavukanyi usanga bayirangiza mu mezi atatu. Kubera ko izo Ngoro z’Ubwami ziriko zirubakwa mu buryo bunyaruka hirya no hino mu gihugu, birakwegera abazibona bigatuma Ivyabona vya Yehova baronka uturyo two kubabwira inkuru nziza. Turetse Ingoro y’amateraniro y’i Kigali, abo bavukanyi barubatse n’izindi Ngoro cumi z’amateraniro ntonto zisakaye ariko zitagira impome, kugira ngo abamamaji boroherwe no kwitaba amateraniro batarinze kugenda ibilometero vyinshi cane baca mu misozi. Vyongeye, abo bavukanyi baramaze kwubaka Ingoro z’Ubwami zine zagurwa zikaba iz’amateraniro, bigatuma abamamaji bashobora kuziteraniramwo.

Mu ntango z’umwaka, amashengero yose aramara amezi makeyi ariko arakorera n’umwete mwinshi mu vyibare bitagira ababikoreramwo canke bikorerwamwo gake. Abamamaji usanga rimwe na rimwe bagira ingendo ndende bakoresheje uburyo bwabo kugira ngo baheture mwene ivyo vyibare. Mu turere twa kure cane na ho, hararungikwayo abatsimvyi badasanzwe b’igihe gito kugira bamare amezi atatu bakorerayo. Ivyo bituma hashingwa imigwi mishasha ihava ikaba amashengero. Nk’akarorero, mw’isekeza ryabaye kuva muri Nzero gushika muri Ntwarante 2010, haratangujwe inyigisho za Bibiliya amajana hongera harashingwa imigwi mishasha icenda. Vyongeye, muri ico kiringo nyene, abatsimvyi badasanzwe b’igihe gito 30 baratanguje imigwi mishasha 15.

IKINDI KINTU C’INTIBAGIRWA MU RWANDA

Kuri rya hwaniro ry’intara ryo mu 2009 ryataziriwe ngo “Mugume muri maso!” abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda barahimbawe cane no kumenya ko hagiye gusohorwa igitabu c’indirimbo gishasha bongera barumviriza mu kinyarwanda zimwezimwe mu ndirimbo zo muri co. Ico gitabu gishasha caciye gihindurwa mu kinyarwanda, kandi amashengero yarakironse ku gihe ku buryo catanguye gukoreshwa muri Nzero 2010 cokimwe n’ayandi mashengero atari make yo hirya no hino kw’isi.

Birumvikana ko igihe abavukanyi baronswa Impinduro y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu mu kinyarwanda mu 2007, umwe wese yaguma yibaza aho Bibiliya yose yosohorewe muri urwo rurimi. Igihe ihwaniro ry’intara ryo mu 2010 ryari ryegereje, haratangajwe ko umuvukanyi Guy Pierce wo mu Nama Nyobozi yogendeye Urwanda mu gihe c’ihwaniro ryobereye i Kigali muri Myandagaro. Iryo hwaniro ryobereye ku kibuga c’inkino kirabana n’ibiro vy’ishami. Mu gihe c’iryo hwaniro akamwemwe kari kose, kandi ese ukuntu vyari bihimbaye cane rwose igihe umuvukanyi Pierce yatangaza ko hasohowe Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ikwiye mu kinyarwanda! Mu bantu 7.149 bari ng’aho ku wa gatanu, umwe wese yararonse iyo Bibiliya nshasha. Ku w’iyinga, abavukanyi bo mu zindi ntara zigize Urwanda baraje kuri iryo hwaniro ku buryo kuri uwo musi ryari ryitabwe n’abantu 11.355. Mu gihe c’iryo hwaniro, abasoda bariko binonora imitsi hanze y’ikibuga barasavye ko na bo nyene boronswa iyo Bibiliya nshasha, maze bararonswa izishika 180. Umukuru w’igisagara ca Kigali, umukuru w’igipolisi be n’abandi bategetsi bo mu Bushikiranganji bw’inkino na bo nyene barakiriye iyo Bibiliya ata guhigimanga.

Igikorwa co kwamamaza inkuru nziza mu Rwanda catanguye mu 1970 hari abamamaji batatu. Ubu mu gihugu cose hari abamamaji nka 20.000. Bayobora inyigisho za Bibiliya zigera ku 50.000 buri kwezi. Abantu 87.010 ni bo bitavye Icibutso cabaye muri Ndamukiza 2011. Abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda bamye bazwi ko ari abanyamwete mu gikorwa co kwamamaza. Baba abamamaji baho bashika ku bice 25 kw’ijana bari mu mice itandukanye y’umurimo w’igihe cose canke abandi bamamaji basanzwe, bano bakaba batanga incahagati y’amasaha 20 buri kwezi, abo bavukanyi bawe bose bariko barakora cane bari kumwe n’“Umukuru w’iyimbura” ririko rirakorwa muri uwo murima wimbuka, badata hasi. Uko Yehova abandanya guhezagira igikorwa, turindiranye umushasharo kubona ingene abandi bantu benshi bazorindiga baja ku musozi wa Yehova w’ugusenga kw’ukuri muri ico gihugu batazira ngo ni igihugu c’imisozi igihumbi.—Mat. 9:38; Mika 4:1, 2.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

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Yabwiye abari mu misa ngo babe maso ku Vyabona vya Yehova

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Mu kuramukanya babwirana bati: “Komera!”

[Blurb ku rup. 218]

“Yehova, nta kintu na kimwe dushoboye gukora kugira ngo turokore ubuzima bwacu. Ni wewe gusa ubishoboye!”

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 166]

Ibintu nyamukuru biranga Urwanda

Igihugu

Urwanda rufise ibilometero bitarenga 177 uva mu buraruko uja mu bumanuko, rukagira n’ibilometero 233 uva mu buseruko uja mu burengero. Rurimwo abanyagihugu barenga 11.000.000, kikaba ari co gihugu kibamwo abantu benshi kuruta ibindi vyose muri Afrika ugereranije n’uburinganire bwaco. Umurwa mukuru waco ni Kigali.

Abanyagihugu

Abanyagihugu baho bagizwe n’Abahutu, Abatutsi n’Abatwa hamwe n’abantu bakeya baturuka muri Aziya no mu Buraya. Abarenga ica kabiri muri bo ni Abagatolika, abarenga ica kane na bo bakaba ari Abaporoti, ushizemwo Abaventisi batari bake. Abasigaye ni Abisilamu be n’abo mu yandi madini atandukanye.

Ururimi

Indimi zikoreshwa mu nzego za leta ni ikinyarwanda, icongereza n’igifaransa. Igiswahili gikoreshwa mu bijanye n’urudandaza bakorana n’ibihugu bibanyi.

Ibibatunze

Abanyarwanda benshi ni abarimyi. Kubera ko isi yaho itimbuka, abenshi usanga bimbura ibibabeshaho n’imiryango yabo gusa. Ibiterwa barima ni icayi, amashurwe y’amapereteri (pyrèthres) bahinguramwo imiti yica udukoko hamwe n’ikawa, kino kikaba ari co giterwa njabukamazi nyamukuru muri ico gihugu.

Ibifungurwa

Ibifungurwa nyamukuru ni ibiraya, ibitoke n’ibiharage.

Ikirere

Naho Urwanda ruri hafi ya wa mukanda w’isi (équateur), ikirere caho ntigishushe cane canke ngo gikanye cane. Mu turere dukirurutse two hagati mu gihugu ubushuhe usanga bwababa amadogere 21, buri mwaka bakaba baronka imvura ikwiye.

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 185]

“Yehova aratwereka!”

EMMANUEL NGIRENTE

YAVUTSE 1955

YABATIJWE 1982

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Ni umwe mu bagize Komite y’ishami yo mu Rwanda akaba n’umuhagarikizi w’urwego rw’ubuhinduzi.

◼ MU MWAKA wa 1989 nari umutsimvyi mu buseruko bw’Urwanda. Mu mpera z’uwo mwaka, naratewe agateka ko gukorera mu biro vy’ubuhinduzi. Kubera ko ata vy’ubuhinduzi nari menyereye, naragize akoba kandi numva umengo nta vyo nzoshobora. Ariko rero, naratanguye guhindura ibitabu bitatu. Twararonse inzu dupanga, turaronka na kazinduzi nka zingahe. Rimwe na rimwe, narakora gushika no mw’ijoro, nkaza ndanywa ikawa kugira ngo agatiro ntikantware.

Igihe ingabo za FPR zatera muri Gitugutu 1990, abantu bamwebamwe baricura yuko Ivyabona vya Yehova bari bazishigikiye. Abajejwe umutekano baciye batangura amatohoza. Kubera ko nakorera i muhira, biyumvira ko nari umushomeri. Baciye rero barondera kumenya ico nakora. Umusi umwe, baraje gusaka i muhira ata vyo nari niteze. Nari naraye ndandikisha imashini, maze isaha 11 zo mu gatondo ndagerageza kwihengeka. Nagiye numva banterefona ngo nje mu bikorwa rusangi.

Maze kugenda, abategetsi b’aho hantu barasakambuye inzu yanje. Igihe nagaruka, ababanyi bambwiye ko hari umupolisi n’umutware wo ng’aho bari bamaze isaha basoma ivyo nariko ndahindura, bino bikaba vyari vyanditsemwo izina Yehova incuro nyinshi. Amaherezo, bavuze bati: “Ingo tuve muri iyi nzu, ahandiho Yehova aratwereka!”

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 194]

Mu misi 100 abantu umuliyoni barapfuye

“Rya honyabwoko ryaba mu 1994 mu Rwanda ni ryo honyabwoko ntaseswa mu mahonyabwoko yose yabaye mu bihe vya vuba. Kuva mu ntango za Ndamukiza 1994 gushika hagati muri Mukakaro 1994, abantu bo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu, abasanzwe ari bo benshi muri ako gahugu ko muri Afrika yo hagati, baragandaguye bakuzako abo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi, ari na bo bakeyi. Intwaro yiganziwe n’Abahutu batwaza umukazo yaratinya gutakaza ubutegetsi kubera abaharanira demokrasi be n’intambara y’abanyagihugu. Yaciye igira umugambi wo guherengeteza abantu bose yiyumvira ko bayibangamiye, ni ukuvuga Abatutsi bose n’Abahutu batayishigikira. Iryo honyabwoko ryagiye guhagarara ari uko ikiroberi ciganziwe n’Abatutsi cigaruriye igihugu maze kikomora ubwo butegetsi bwariko burasasika inganda. Mu misi ijana gusa, abantu bashika umuliyoni barahitanywe n’iryo honyabwoko hamwe n’intambara, bica bituma ihonyabwoko ryo mu Rwanda riba bumwe mu bwicanyi bukabije kuruta ubundi bwose bwabaye muri kahise.”—Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity.

Ivyabona vya Yehova bashika 400 barahitanywe n’iryo honyabwoko harimwo n’Abahutu bishwe bazira ko bakingiye abavukanyi babo b’Abatutsi. Nta Cabona yigeze yica mugenziwe.

[Ifoto]

Abariko barahunga bava mu Rwanda

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 197]

“Amacuniro y’abantu”

“Abatunganije ihonyabwoko baritwaje ca ciyumviro ca kera c’uko umuntu ahungiye mu rusengero ata co aba, maze barahenda Abatutsi ibihumbi mirongo ngo bahungireyo kugira babatsindeyo. Abasoda hamwe n’utugwi tw’Abahutu bitwaje ibirwanisho baciye bagandagura bakuzako ayo masinzi y’abantu bari baguye mu mutego mu guhungira mu masengero no mu mashure, babamijagiramwo amasasu n’amagerenade, abatapfuye bakagenda barabahohosha n’imipanga, imihoro be n’ibibugita. . . . Ariko rero, uruhara amadini yabigizemwo ntikwabaye ukwemera gusa ko inyubakwa zayo zikoreshwa nk’amacuniro. Mu turere tumwetumwe, abajejwe amaparuwasi, abigisha ikatikisimu hamwe n’abandi bakorana na bo baradomye urutoke ku Batutsi kugira bicwe kuko bari basanzwe babazi. Mu bindi bihe na ho, abakozi b’amaparuwasi ubwabo barihagurukira bakica abantu.”—Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda.

“Ikintu nyamukuru Ekleziya yagirizwa ni uko yaretse gushigikira incabwenge z’Abatutsi igashigikira ko hashingwa umuhari w’Abahutu uharanira amahinduka, iba ifashije Habyarimana kuja ku butegetsi mu gihugu kigwiriyemwo Abahutu. Mu bijanye n’ihonyabwoko ubwaryo, abihweza utuntu n’utundi baremeza ko Ekleziya yakokeje urwanko, igakingira ikibaba abakoze iryo bara kandi ntikingire abahungiye mu bigo vyayo. Hari n’ababona ko Ekleziya yiyobagije gufata ingingo zose zishoboka kugira ihagarike ubwo bwicanyi, narirya ari ryo dini rifise abayoboke benshi mu Rwanda.”—Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity.

[Uruzitiro/​Amafoto ku rup. 201-203]

“Twokwica gute umuntu bose bariko baraburanira?”

JEAN-MARIE MUTEZINTARE

YAVUTSE 1959

YABATIJWE 1985

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Akora umwuga w’ubwubatsi akaba ari umuvukanyi w’umwizigirwa akunda kumwenyura. Mu 1986, yaramaze amezi umunani apfunzwe, haciye igihe gitoyi abatijwe. Yubakanye na Jeanne mu 1993, ubu akaba ari we ahagarikiye Komite ijejwe Ingoro y’amateraniro y’i Kigali.

◼ KU WA 7 Ndamukiza, twe n’umukenyezi wanje Jeanne hamwe n’uruyoya rwacu Jemima rw’ukwezi kumwe, twakanguwe n’urwamo rwinshi rw’inkoho. Mu ntango twagira ngo ni ingorane isanzwe y’ivya politike, ariko ntitwatevye kumenya ko Interahamwe zari zatanguye kwica Abatutsi bose zikuzako. Kubera ko turi Abatutsi, ntitwari guhirahira ngo dusohoke. Twarasenze cane Yehova ngo adufashe kumenya ico twokora. Muri uwo mwanya, abavukanyi b’umutima rugabo batatu b’Abahutu ari bo Athanase, Charles na Emmanuel baremeye gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga baratuzanira ibifungurwa.

Twe n’umukenyezi wanje twamaze hafi amezi atatu tuza turinyegeza mu mazu y’abavukanyi. Igihe ivyo guhiga Abatutsi vyari bishushe, nagiye mbona Interahamwe zinsanga aho nari ninyegeje zitwaje ibibugita, amacumu n’imipanga. Nkibabona, naciye mvumbuka nja kwinyegeza mu gisaka, ariko baciye bansangayo. Narakomeye amashi abo bantu bari bampundayeko batengatiye ibirwanisho, ndababwira ko ndi Icabona ca Yehova, ariko baca bambwira bati: “Uri umuroberi!” Baciye bantura hasi banjako n’amahiri be n’ibirindi vy’inkoho. Ico gihe, isinzi ry’abantu ryari ryamaze gukorana. Muri bo harimwo umugabo nari narabwiye inkuru nziza. Yaciye asemerera n’umutima rugabo ati: “Mugirire ikigongwe!” Umwe muri ba bavukanyi b’Abahutu ari we Charles yaciye ashika. Umugore wa Charles n’abana biwe bambonye ndambaraye hasi nuzuyeko amaraso, baciye batangura kurira. Abo bicanyi baragondojwe baca barandeka, bavuga bati: “Twokwica gute umuntu bose bariko baraburanira?” Charles yaciye antwara iwe kugira amvure ivyo bikomere. Nya Nterahamwe zaratugabishije yuko ndamutse ntorotse, Charles yociye ahasigara.

Ico gihe, sinari nzi iyo Jeanne na rwa ruyoya rwacu bari. Na we nyene yari yahuye n’igitero gikomeye, baramukubita, habura gato ngo bamwice. Mu nyuma abantu bamubwiye ngo napfuye. Baramubwiye mbere ngo arondere amashuka aze kwegeranya ikiziga canje.

I muhira kwa Athanase, twe na Jeanne twarakoroye amosozi turiruhutsa kubona dusubiye kubonana. Ariko rero, uko bukeye twaba twiteze urupfu. Waba ari uwundi musi uteye ubwoba kandi w’agacavutu, aho twaza turinyegeza tuva aha tuja hariya. Ndibuka ingene natakambiye Yehova ngo afashe, nti: “Ko ejo wadufashije, turakwinginze n’ubu udufashe. Twipfuza kurera akana kacu no kubandanya kugukorera!” Ku mugoroba, hari abavukanyi batatu b’Abahutu bemeye gushira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga baraduherekeza turi umugwi w’Abatutsi bashika 30, baducisha ku mabariyeri ateye akaga batujanye ahatagira inkomanzi. Batandatu mu bari muri uwo mugwi baremeye ukuri.

Twahavuye tumenya ko Charles hamwe n’abo bari kumwe babandanije gufasha abandi bantu, mugabo ko Interahamwe zashavuye zimenye ko abo bavukanyi bari bafashije Abatutsi mirongo guhunga. Interahamwe zahavuye zifata Charles hamwe n’umwamamaji umwe w’Umuhutu yitwa Leonard. Umugore wa Charles yarumvise bababwira bati: “Mutegerezwa gupfa kuko mwafashije Abatutsi guhunga.” Baciye babica bompi. Ivyo bica binyibutsa aya majambo ya Yezu agira ati: “Nta wufise urukundo ruruta uru: ko umuntu yigura abagenzi biwe.”—Yohani 15:13.

Imbere y’uko intambara yaduka, igihe twe na Jeanne twariko turiyumvira ivyo kwubakana, twari twumvikanye ko umwe muri twebwe azoba umutsimvyi. Ariko rero inyuma y’intambara, kubera ko benshi mu ncuti zacu bari barishwe, twabwirijwe kurera impfuvyi zitandatu ziyongera ku bandi bana babiri twari dufise ico gihe. Naho ari ukwo, inyuma y’intambara Jeanne yarashoboye gukora ubutsimvyi, kandi amaze imyaka 12 abukora. Vyongeye, za mpfuvyi zitandatu tureze, abavyeyi babo bakaba batari Ivyabona vya Yehova, ubu zose zarabatijwe. Abahungu bose uko ari batatu ubu ni abakozi b’ishengero, umwe mu bakobwa na we ubu akorera kuri Beteli n’umunega wiwe. Ubu dufise abana bane, abakobwa babiri bakuru bakaba bamaze kubatizwa.

[Ifoto]

Umuvukanyi Mutezintare n’umukenyezi wiwe bari kumwe na babiri mu bana babo hamwe na batanu mu mpfuvyi bareze

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 204, 205]

“Ukuri kwaradufashije kwihangana”

Valérie Musabyimana na Angeline Musabwe baravukana. Bakuriye mu muryango w’abagatolika babunyoye, se wabo akaba yari umukuru w’inama ya paruwasi. Valérie yamaze imyaka ine yigira ububikira. Ariko rero kubera yavunywe umutima n’inyifato y’umupatiri umwe, yarahevye ayo mashure mu 1974. Mu nyuma yahavuye yigana Bibiliya n’Ivyabona vya Yehova, arabatizwa, maze atangura ubutsimvyi mu 1979. Mwenewabo Angeline na we nyene yarize Bibiliya maze arabatizwa. Abo bigeme babiri bavukana barakoreye hamwe ubutsimvyi budasanzwe, barafasha abantu benshi kumenya ukuri.

Mu gihe c’ihonyabwoko, Angeline na Valérie baba i Kigali kandi baranyegeje abantu icenda mu nzu yabo, harimwo n’abagore babiri bibungenze, umugabo w’umwe muri bo akaba yari aherutse kwicwa. Haciye igihe gitoyi, uwo mugore yaribarutse. Kubera ko kuva mu nzu vyarimwo akaga gakomeye, abo bashiki bacu baramufashije kwibaruka. Igihe ababanyi babimenya, barabazaniye ibifungurwa n’amazi.

Igihe Interahamwe zamenya ko Angeline na Valérie bari banyegeje Abatutsi, zaraje maze zivuga ziti: “Tuje kwica abo Batutsi b’Ivyabona vya Yehova.” Ariko rero baratinye kwinjira kubera ko inzu abo bashiki bacu bari bapanze yari iy’intwazangabo mu gisirikare.d Abari muri iyo nzu bose bararusimvye.

Amaherezo, intambara imaze gukomera amasoro na yo akaguma ari urutavanako, Angeline na Valérie babwirijwe kuva aho hantu. Bahungiye i Goma bari kumwe n’ibindi Vyabona, abavukanyi bo muri Kongo bakaba babakiranye igishika. Barabandanije kwamamaza ng’aho, barayobora n’inyigisho za Bibiliya nyinshi.

Ni igiki cabafashije kwihangana inyuma y’ihonyabwoko? Valérie yavuganye akababaro ati: “Narabuze abana banje benshi bo mu buryo bw’impwemu, ntibagiye Eugène Ntabana hamwe n’umuryango wiwe. Ukuri kwaradufashije kwihangana. Turazi ko Yehova azocira urubanza abanyakibi.”

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 206]

Bari biteguriye kutwigura

ALFRED SEMALI

YAVUTSE 1964

YABATIJWE 1981

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Yabana n’umukenyezi wiwe Georgette ku mpera y’igisagara ca Kigali. Alfred ni sebibondo akaba n’umunega yuzuye urukundo. Ubu ari mu bagize Komite ija inama n’ibitaro y’i Kigali.

◼ IHONYABWOKO rimaze gutangura, hari umuvukanyi w’Umuhutu yitwa Athanase yaba hafi yacu yatuburiye ati: “Bariko barica Abatutsi bose kandi na mwebwe bahava babica.” Yaradusavye ashimitse ngo duhungire iwe. Intambara itaraduka, yari yarimvye ikinogo c’imetero zitatu n’igice, akaba ari ho yadusavye ngo twinyegeze. Ni je natanguye kumanukayo nkoresheje ingazi yari yarakoze. Athanase yaratunganije ivy’uko badusanzayo ibifungurwa be n’imatera. Muri ico gihe, inganda zariko ziratikira hirya no hino.

Naho ababanyi baguma banuganuga ko ari ho twinyegeje bakanamutera ubwoba ngo inzu yiwe bazoyiha umuriro, Athanase n’umuryango wiwe bagumye batunyegeje. Mu vy’ukuri, bari biteguriye kutwigura.

Haciye yindi misi itatu, intambara yarakomeye muri ako karere, Athanase n’umuryango wiwe baca badusangayo, duca tuba abantu 16 muri nya kinogo. Twari mu mwiza w’umuzitanya kuko tutari guhirahira ngo ducane icitwa itara. Ku musi, buri muntu yarya ikiyiko kimwe c’umuceri mubisi ubombetse mu mazi arimwo isukari. Haciye imisi cumi, n’utwo dufungurwa twaraheze. Ku musi ugira 13, inzara yari itugejeje habi! Ntitwabona ico turi bukore. Umuntu yuriye ku ngazi, yarashobora kurunguruka akabona gatoyi ibiriko biraba hanze. Twarabonye rero ko ibintu vyari vyahindutse. Twarabonye abasoda bambaye uwundi mwambaro. Kubera ko umuryango wa Athanase wari wankingiye, nabona ko nanje hageze ko ndabihebera. Narasohotse hanze kurondera ibifungurwa ndi kumwe n’umuhungu w’umuyabaga wa Athanase. Twabanje gusenga turi hamwe twese.

Haciye iminuta nka 30, twagarutse tuzanye inkuru y’uko ingabo za FPR zari zigaruriye ako karere. Twaje tuzananye n’abasoda nka bangahe. Naraberetse aho twari tumaze igihe twinyegeje. Bagiye kuvyemera ari uko abari muri ico kinogo bose basohotse, umwumwe. Georgette avuga ko atazopfa yibagiye ico kintu. Agira ati: “Twavuyeyo dusa n’ifuku; twari tumaze hafi indwi zitatu muri ico cobo tudashobora kwoga canke kumesa agahuzu.”

Nya basoda baratangaye cane kubona Abahutu n’Abatutsi baragumanye muri ico kinogo. Nabasiguriye nti: “Twebwe turi Ivyabona vya Yehova kandi nta macakubiri y’amoko arangwa muri twebwe.” Barajorewe, baca bavuga bati: “Nimutabaze utwo kurya n’agasukari abo bantu bavuye muri ico kinogo!” Baciye batujana mu nzu yarimwo abantu bashika 100 bari bahawe indaro vy’imfatakibanza. Inyuma y’aho, hari mushiki wacu umwe yadusavye ashimitse ko twese uko turi 16 twoja kubana n’umuryango wiwe.

Turakenguruka kuba twararokotse. Ariko rero, mwene wacu na mushikanje hamwe n’imiryango yabo, bose bakaba bari Ivyabona vya Yehova, barishwe hamwe n’abandi benshi twabana. Ego ni ko twarabuze, ariko rero turazi yuko ‘ibihe be n’ibishika giturumbuka bidushikako twese.’ Georgette araserura ukuntu twiyumva ati: “Twarabuze abavukanyi bacu benshi, abandi na bo barashikiwe n’ibintu biteye ikinya igihe bariko barahunga bongera babundabunda. Ariko rero, twarakomeje ubucuti dufitaniye na Yehova mu kuza turasenga, kandi twariboneye ko ukuboko kwiwe gufise inkomezi. Yaraduhumurije mu kuturonsa imfashanyo ku gihe kibereye biciye kw’ishirahamwe ryiwe, kandi ivyo turabikenguruka cane. Yehova yaraduhezagiye rwose.”—Umus. 9:11.

[Uruzitiro/​Amafoto ku rup. 208, 209]

Yehova yaradufashije muri ivyo bihe bitoroshe

ALBERT BAHATI

YAVUTSE 1958

YABATIJWE 1980

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Ni umukurambere yubatse, afise abana batatu. Umugore wiwe n’umukobwa wiwe mukuru ni abatsimvyi basanzwe, umuhungu wiwe na we ni umukozi w’ishengero. Albert ni umuvukanyi atekereza w’Umuhutu. Igihe yatangura kwitaba amakoraniro mu 1977, mu gihugu cose hari abamamaji 70 gusa. Mu 1988 yarapfunzwe yongera arakubitwa. Igihe yanka kwambara agakarata k’umugambwe, hari umubanyi wiwe yahoze ari umusoda yamucumise igikwashu co kuri ako gakarata, aca amubwira amushinyagurira ati: “None ubu ntukambaye?”

◼ BA BAKURU b’ibihugu bamaze gupfa, hari abavukanyi, incuti n’ababanyi bahungiye iwanje. Ariko rero, umutima ntiwari mu nda kuko bashiki bacu babiri b’Abatutsikazi ari bo Goretti na Suzanne, batari kumwe natwe. Naho vyari biteye akaga cane, naragiye kubarondera. Abantu bariko barahunga. Narabonye Goretti n’abana biwe, nca ndabajana i muhira, kuko nari nzi ko aho bariko baraja hariho ibariyeri kandi nta gukeka ko bari kwicwa.

Haciye imisi mikeyi, Suzanne hamwe n’abandi batanu barashoboye kuza aho turi. Bamaze gushika, muri iyo nzu twaciye tuba abantu barenga 20, kandi twese twari tugeramiwe cane.

Interahamwe zaraje kuri iyo nzu n’imiburiburi incuro zitatu. Igihe kimwe barabonye umugore wanje Vestine bacishije mw’idirisha, baca baramuhamagara ngo asohoke. Vestine ni Umututsikazi. Naciye mpagarara hagati y’abo bicanyi n’umugore wanje, ndababwira nti: “Nimba mushaka kumwica, muhera kuri jewe!” Haciye akanya duharira, baciye bamubwira ngo asubire mu nzu. Umwe muri bo yavuze ati: “Nta kwica umugore; je nkeneye kwica umugabo.” Baciye bahindukirira muramwanje. Igihe bamutwara hanze, naciye nsimbira hagati yabo n’uwo musore, ndatakamba nti: “Nimumureke muzoba mukoreye Imana!”

Umwe muri bo yaciye ansunura n’inkokora, yishura atontomwa ati: “Je sinkorera Imana.” Ariko rero, yahavuye yoroha, ambwira ati: “Hoshi, mutware ugende!” Ukwo ni ko muramwanje yarusimvye.

Haciye nk’ukwezi, hari abavukanyi babiri baje kurondera ibifungurwa. Kubera hari uduharage nari narabitse, narabahayeko dukeyi, ariko igihe nari ndabaherekeje kugira ndabereke inzira itagira inkomanzi bojana, nagiye numva inkoho zasana, nca ndata ubwenge. Urusoro rwigenza rwari rwangemye mu jisho. Hari umubanyi yamfashije gushika kwa muganga, ariko iryo jisho ntiryasubiye kubona. Mugabo ikibabaje kuruta, sinashobora gusubira i muhira. Muri ico gihe, intambara yarakomeye ku buryo abari mu nzu iwanje babona ko biteye akaga cane kugumayo, baca bahungira mu mazu y’abandi bavukanyi, bano bakaba baremeye gushira mu kaga ubuzima bwabo barabakingira bose gushika muri Ruheshi 1994. Umugore wanje n’umuryango wanje twasubiye kubonana muri Gitugutu. Ndakengurukira Yehova kubona yaramfashije be n’umuryango wanje muri ivyo bihe bitoroshe.

[Ifoto]

Albert Bahati ari kumwe n’umuryango wiwe hamwe n’abandi yanyegeje

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 210]

“Iyi ni yo nzira”

GASPARD NIYONGIRA

YAVUTSE 1954

YABATIJWE 1978

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Ni umuvukanyi yarwaniye ukuri n’umutima rugabo, akunda kumwenyura kandi abona ibintu mu buryo bwiza. Ubu arubatse akaba afise abakobwa batatu, kandi ni umwe mu bagize Komite y’ishami yo mu Rwanda.

◼ INKOHO zimaze gutangura kwasana mu gaturuturu ko ku wa 7 Ndamukiza, narabonye inzu 15 z’Abatutsi zariko zirasha. Harimwo zibiri z’abavukanyi bacu. Naguma nibaza nti: ‘Mbega yemwe iyacu ni yo iza gukurikira?’ Narahatswe gusara niyumviriye ivyari gushikira umukenyezi wanje kuko yari Umututsikazi, hamwe n’abana banje babiri.

Sinabona ico turi bukore. Hose wari umuvurungano, ubwoba n’ibihuha. Nabonye ko vyoba vyiza mbanje gusimbana umugore wanje n’abana mu nzu y’umuvukanyi w’umubanyi, nanje nkabasangayo mu nyuma. Igihe naronka akabero ko kujayo, nasanze vyabaye ngombwa ko ahungira ku nyubakwa yagutse y’ishure rimwe. Kuri uwo mugoroba, hari umubanyi yaje ambwira ati: “Abatutsi bose bahungiye kuri rirya shure bahava babica!” Naciye ubwo nyene nirukangayo, ndarondera umugore wanje n’abana banje nongera negeranya abandi bashika 20, harimwo abavukanyi na bashiki bacu, ndababwira ngo basubire iwabo. Turiko turagenda, twagiye tubona Interahamwe zishoreye abantu zikuye mu gisagara zibajanye mu kibanza ziciyemwo Abatutsi barenga 2.000.

Muri ico gihe nyene, hari umugore w’uwundi mubanyi yari yibarukiye kuri iryo shure. Igihe Interahamwe zatera igerenade muri iryo shure, umugabo wiwe yaciye ahungana nya ruyoya. Nyina w’umwana yajanye iyindi nzira kubera ubwoba. Naho uwo mugabo yari Umututsi, yarashoboye kurengana amabariyeri kubera urwo ruyoya yari afise mu minwe, maze ariruka yinjira mu nzu iwacu. Yansavye ngo ndamuronderere amata y’uwo mwana. Nagize ngo ndasohoka, nza mbona nguye kw’ibariyeri icunzwe n’Interahamwe. Kubera nari ngiye kuronderera amata umwana w’Umututsi, baciye babona ko nshigikiye Abatutsi, baca bavuga bati: “Tumwice!” Umusoda umwe yarankubise ikirindi c’inkoho, nca ndatakaza ubwenge, ntangura kuva amaraso mu mazuru no mu maso. Baciye bamburutira inyuma y’inzu yari ng’aho, biyumvira ko napfuye.

Umubanyi umwe yarambonye aramenya, aca ambwira ati: “Utavuye ng’aha, baragaruka baguhohoshe.” Yaciye anyandaza anshikana i muhira.

Ico kintu carambabaje, ariko kandi carankingiye. Kubera bari bazi ko ndi umushoferi, hari abagabo batanu baje bukeye bashaka kunjana ku nguvu ngo nje kuba umushoferi w’umukuru umwe mu gisirikare. Bamaze kubona ibikomere nari mfise, baciye bandeka, eka mbere ntibampase ngo nje kugira irondo hamwe n’Interahamwe.

Mu misi yakurikiye abantu bari batekewe n’ubwoba, batazi ico buca bucana kandi bugarijwe n’ikigoyi. Muri ico gihe, hari umugore w’Umututsikazi yahungiye iwanje n’utwana twiwe tubiri. Twamunyegeje mu kabati mu gikoni, abana na bo tubashira mu kindi cumba hamwe n’abanje. Igihe ingabo za FPR zarushiriza kwegereza, hakaba hariko harakwiragira n’ibihuha vy’uko Interahamwe zari zatanguye igitero co kwica Abahutu bose bari bafise abagore b’Abatutsikazi, umuryango wacu wose wari witeguriye gusubira guhunga. Ariko ingabo za FPR zari zamaze kwigarurira ako karere, Abatutsi bakaba rero batari bakigeramiwe. Yamara rero ico gihe, jewe nari gushobora kwicwa.

Naciye njana n’umugwi w’ababanyi bacu kw’ibariyeri yari isigaye icunzwe n’ingabo za FPR. Babonye ko ndi Umuhutu kandi umutwe wanje ukaba wariko amapansuma, baciye biyumvira ko ntegerezwa kuba ndi Interahamwe. Baciye batubwira twe n’abo babanyi banje bati: “Muriko mudusaba ngo tubafashe kandi muri mwebwe harimwo abicanyi n’abasagasi? Ni nde muri mwebwe yanyegeje canke yakingiye Umututsi?” Naciye ndabereka wa mugore na ba bana nari naranyegeje. Baciye batwara ku ruhande nya bana bababaza bati: “Urya mugabo afise ipansuma mu mutwe ni nde?” Bishuye bati: “Si Interahamwe; ni Icabona ca Yehova kandi ni umuntu mwiza.” Nari nararokoye uwo mugore w’Umututsikazi hamwe n’abana biwe babiri, ico gihe na bo barandokoye!

Nya basoda bamaze kunyurwa n’izo nyishu, baciye badutwara mw’ikambi yari nko ku bilometero 20 uvuye i Kigali, ahari hegeranirijwe abantu bashika 16.000 bari bacitse kw’icumu. Ng’aho twahahuriye n’abavukanyi be na bashiki bacu nka 60 bo mu mashengero 14. Twaratunganije amakoraniro, irya mbere rikaba ryitabwe n’abantu 96! Ariko ntivyari vyoroshe na gato, kuko twaguma twumva inkuru z’abagenzi bishwe hamwe na bashiki bacu bafashwe ku nguvu. Ni jewe jenyene nari umukurambere, kandi abavukanyi na bashiki bacu benshi bari bakeneye impumurizo n’indemesho zo mu Vyanditswe. Narabatega yompi igihe bariko baranyagira ibintu vy’agacavutu baciyemwo maze nkabasubiriza umutima mu nda ko Yehova abakunda kandi atahura umubabaro barimwo.

Amaherezo, ku wa 10 Mukakaro, twarashoboye gusubira iwacu, inyuma y’amayinga atari make twamaze umutima uri mu kirere. Ndibuka ko igihe naba ndi mu mbisi n’izihiye, akenshi naca mbona mu bwenge ururirimbo rwavuga ngo “Iyi ni yo nzira.” Amajambo y’urwo ruririmbo yarandemesha cane, na yo akaba agira ati: “Ntuhushagirike ng’ut’umugisha, inzira y’Imana camw’udahusha.”

[Uruzitiro/​Amafoto ku rup. 223, 224]

Hari umuntu yariko ampamagara mw’izina

HENK VAN BUSSEL

YAVUTSE 1957

YABATIJWE 1976

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Yakorera kuri Beteli mu Buholande imbere y’uko yitaba rya shure rya Gileyadi mu 1984. Yarungitswe gukorera muri République centrafricaine, muri Tchad, hanyuma arungikwa gukorera mu Rwanda muri Nyakanga 1992. Ubu akorera ku biro vy’ishami vyo mu Rwanda ari kumwe n’umukenyezi wiwe Berthe.

◼ KIGALI Sud ni ryo shengero rya mbere nahawe gukoreramwo aho mu Rwanda. Ryari ishengero ririmwo urwaruka rwinshi. Abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bo muri iryo shengero bari bafise igishika bakaba n’abakiranyi. Mu 1992, muri ico gihugu hari amashengero make n’abamamaji barenga gatoyi 1.500. Abategetsi b’ico gihe ntibatwizigira, akaba ari co gituma vyashika abapolisi bakaduhagarika turiko turamamaza badusaba ibituranga.

Igihe ihonyabwoko ryatangura, nabwirijwe kuva muri ico gihugu. Ariko gatoyi inyuma y’aho, narasabwe kuja gufasha impunzi zari mu buseruko bwa Kongo. Nava i Nairobi nkaja i Goma, igisagara gihana urubibe n’Urwanda. Kubera ko ntaribwigere mponyoza ikirenge muri ico gisagara kandi nkaba ata kindi kintu nari nzi uretse izina ry’umukurambere umwe, naribajije ingene nomutoye. Yamara aho nshikiyeyo, narabajije umushoferi w’itagisi nari nafashe ingene notoye uwo muvukanyi. Yaciye abaza abandi bashoferi, maze mu minuta 30 ndashika kwa nya mukurambere. Hari abavukanyi babiri bo muri Komite y’igihugu yo mu Rwanda bari bashoboye kujabuka urubibe barashika i Goma, maze nca ndabaha amahera nari nakuye ku biro vy’ishami vyo muri Kenya yari agenewe gufasha abavukanyi bo mu Rwanda.

Igihe naja i Goma ubugira kabiri mvuye i Nairobi, ndibuka ivyabaye ndiko ndagenda nerekeza ku rubibe rw’Urwanda. Naho aho ku rubibe hatari kure, vyansavye umwanya muremure kubera ko nariko mpura n’isinzi rinini cane ry’impunzi zariko zihunga zivuye mu Rwanda.

Nagiye numva umuntu ampamagara ngo: “Ndugu (muvukanyi) Henk! Ndugu Henk!” Ndavye iyo iryo jwi rizanana, nasanze ari Alphonsine. Yari umwigeme w’imyaka nka 14 wo mw’ishengero narimwo i Kigali, kandi yari yazimiranye na nyina wiwe. Twaciye tuguma tujana na we muri iryo sinzi, hanyuma ndamujana ku Ngoro y’Ubwami aho abandi bavukanyi na bashiki bacu bariko barahunga bashikira. Hari umuryango w’Abanyekongo wamwakiriye, maze mu nyuma yitwararikwa n’uwundi mushiki wacu bari mw’ishengero rimwe i Kigali. Alphonsine yahavuye asubira kubonana na nyina wiwe i Kigali.

[Ifoto]

Henk n’umukenyezi wiwe Berthe

[Uruzitiro/​Ifoto ku rup. 235]

Yehova yarakoze ibintu vy’agatangaza bikomeye!

GÜNTER RESCHKE

YAVUTSE 1937

YABATIJWE 1953

IVYIWE MURI MAKE Yatanguye ubutsimvyi mu 1958 hanyuma yitaba rya shure rya Gileyadi mu mugwi ugira 43. Kuva mu 1967 yarakoreye muri Gabon, République centrafricaine, no muri Kenya yongera aragendera ibihugu bitari bike ari mu gikorwa c’ubucungezi. Ubu ari mu bagize Komite y’ishami yo mu Rwanda.

◼ NATANGUYE kugendera Urwanda mu 1980. Nari narungitswe mvuye muri Kenya ndi umucungezi w’intara. Ico gihe, ico gihugu carimwo amashengero indwi gusa n’abamamaji 127. Vyongeye, nari umwe mu bigisha babiri b’Ishure rya mbere ry’umurimo w’abatsimvyi ryabereye muri ico gihugu. Benshi mu batsimvyi 22 bari bitavye iryo shure baracari mu murimo w’igihe cose. Nasubiye muri Kenya nkozwe ku mutima n’umwete abavukanyi bagaragaza mu busuku be n’ukuntu baha agaciro ukuri.

Mu 1996, nararonse ikete rivuye kw’ishami ryo muri Kenya ryansaba kuja gukorera mu Rwanda. Nari maze imyaka 18 muri Kenya, kandi narahakunda cane. Igihe nashika mu Rwanda, hari hakiri umutekano muke. Twarakunda kwumva amasase mw’ijoro. Yamara sinatevye kuryoherwa no gukorera muri ico gihugu, canecane igihe nibonera ingene Yehova ahezagira igikorwa ciwe.

Amateraniro yabera mu bibanza bibayabaye. Naho vyari uko, akenshi wasanga abavukanyi biyicariye hasi canke ku mabuye ata kwidoga. Ibinogo binini bashashemwo amahema ni vyo babatirizamwo. Hagati mu gihugu, amateraniro aracabera mu bibanza bitari bike nk’ivyo, ariko uko igihe cagiye kirarengana, hagiye harubakwa ingoro z’amateraniro ziciye bugufi zisakaye ariko zitagira impome, tutibagiye n’izindi Ngoro z’Ubwami nkeyi zishobora kwagurwa zikaba Ingoro z’amateraniro.

Abavukanyi wasanga ari abanyamwete mu kwamamaza inkuru nziza. Amashengero y’i Kigali yatangura amakoraniro hakiri kare mu mpera z’imishamvu. Amakoraniro aheze, abamamaji baca baja mu busuku bwo mu ndimiro gushika buhwibiriye.

Nama ndondera akanya ko kuba ndi kumwe n’abakiri bato bo mu mashengero, abohavuye baba abamamaji boshinzwe n’ayandi mabanga mu nyuma. Ese ukuntu vyari bihimbaye kubona ingene abenshi muri bo bumira ata bwoba ku mpagararo yabo, bakerekana ko naho bari bakiri bato, ubwabo bari bafitaniye ubucuti na Yehova!

Nk’akarorero, mu bumanuko bw’ico gihugu, hari umwana w’imyaka 11 yitwa Luc yabwiwe mw’ishure kuririmba ururirimbo ruhayagiza igihugu. Yaciye asaba abigiranye urupfasoni ko yoririmba ururirimbo rw’Ubwami. Umwigisha yaremeye, kandi ahejeje kuririmba, bose baciye bamukomera amashi. Ukuba Luc atari azi gusa umuziki w’urwo ruririmbo, ariko akaba kandi yari azi amajambo yarwo birerekana ukuntu uwo mwana yakunda gushemeza Umuremyi wiwe. Ico cabonywe be n’ibindi nk’ivyo vyarandemesha cane. Narabonye kandi mushiki wacu umwe yamaze imyaka nk’ingahe apfunzwe ahowe kwamamaza inkuru nziza. Igihe yari mw’ibohero yaribarutse umwana w’umuhungu aca amwita “Shikama Hodari” (Hodari rikaba ari izina ry’igiswahili risobanura ngo “guma ushikamye”). Wa wundi ati “izina ni ryo muntu,” Shikama aheruka kwitaba rya Shure ry’ivya Bibiliya ry’abavukanyi batubatse, ubu akaba ari umukozi w’ishengero n’umutsimvyi adasanzwe.

Mu myaka myinshi abavukanyi bacu bo mu Rwanda bamaze bashikirwa n’ingorane zitoroshe, harimwo ukubuzwa kw’igikorwa cacu, intambara y’abanyagihugu be n’ihonyabwoko, nagumye nkorwa ku mutima n’umwete bagaragaza mu busuku be n’ukudahemuka kwabo, kandi ni agateka ntangere gukorana na bo. N’ikindi kandi, nagumye nibonera ukuntu Yehova ampezagira, akankingira akongera akanshigikira, kandi ivyo vyatumye ndushiriza kumwiyegereza. Emwe, Yehova yarakoze ibintu vy’agatangaza bikomeye!—Zab. 136:4.

[Igicapo/​Amafoto ku rup. 254, 255]

KAHISE K’IGIKORWA MU Rwanda

1970

1970 Abamamaji ba mbere batanga raporo.

1975 Umuryango wa mbere w’Abanyarwanda utahuka uvuye muri Kongo.

1976 Agatabu “ Cette bonne nouvelle du Royaume ” gasohorwa mu kinyarwanda.

1978 Integuro y’Umunara w’Inderetsi usohorwa buri kwezi ucapurwa mu kinyarwanda.

1980

1982 Igikorwa cacu kibuzwa; abavukanyi bajejwe amabanga bapfungwa.

1986 Ica gatatu c’abamamaji bose bapfungwa.

1990

1990 Hatera intambara mu buraruko bw’ico gihugu.

1992 Haba ihwaniro rya mbere ry’intara muri ico gihugu.

Ivyabona vya Yehova bemerwa imbere y’amategeko.

Abamisiyonari bashika.

1994 Haba ihonyabwoko ry’Abatutsi.

1996 Abamisiyonari bagaruka.

Hashingwa Urwego rujejwe umurimo.

1998 Integuro y’Umunara w’Inderetsi itangura kuza irasohokera rimwe n’iy’icongereza.

1999 Ingoro y’amateraniro itagira impome y’i Kigali yegurirwa Yehova.

2000

2000 Hashingwa ibiro vy’ishami.

Ibiro bijejwe ubwubatsi bw’Ingoro z’Ubwami bitangura gukora.

2001 Haboneka itongo ryo kwubakamwo ibiro vy’ishami bishasha.

2006 Inyubakwa nshasha z’ishami zegurirwa Yehova.

2007 Impinduro y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu isohorwa mu kinyarwanda.

2010

2010 Bibiliya y’isi nshasha isohorwa mu kinyarwanda.

[Igicapo/​Ifoto on page 234]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu)

Abamamaji bose

Abatsimvyi bose

20.000

15.000

10.000

5.000

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

[Amakarata ku rup. 167]

[Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu]

UBUGANDA

KONGO (KINSHASA)

Ikirunga Nyiragongo

Goma

UBURUNDI

TANZANIYA

URWANDA

KIGALI

MSZ. VIRUNGA

Ikirunga Karisimbi

Ruhengeri (ubu hitwa Musanze)

Gisenyi (ubu hitwa Rubavu)

Ikiyaga Kivu

Bukavu

Kanombe

Masaka

Gitarama (ubu hitwa Muhanga)

Bugesera

Nyabisindu (ubu hitwa Nyanza)

Save

Butare (ubu hitwa Huye)

Umukanda w’isi

[Ifoto ku rup. 164, 165]

Uburovyi ku Kiyaga Kivu

[Amafoto ku rup. 169]

Oden Mwaisoba n’umukenyezi wiwe Enea

[Ifoto ku rup. 170]

Gaspard Rwakabubu, umukobwa wiwe Déborah n’umukenyezi wiwe Mélanie

[Ifoto ku rup. 171]

Agatabu “ Cette bonne nouvelle du Royaume ” mu kinyarwanda

[Ifoto ku rup. 172]

Justin Rwagatore

[Ifoto ku rup. 172]

Ferdinand Mugarura

[Ifoto ku rup. 173]

Abo batatu babatijwe mu 1976: Leopold Harerimana, Pierre Twagirayezu na Emmanuel Bazatsinda

[Ifoto ku rup. 174]

Ibitabu vyo mu kinyarwanda

[Ifoto ku rup. 179]

Phocas Hakizumwami

[Ifoto ku rup. 180]

Palatin Nsanzurwimo n’umukenyezi wiwe (iburyo) n’abana

[Ifoto ku rup. 181]

Odette Mukandekezi

[Ifoto ku rup. 182]

Henry Ssenyonga kw’ipikipiki yiwe

[Ifoto ku rup. 188]

Urupapuro rwo kwemerwa n’amategeko rwo ku wa 13 Ndamukiza 1992

[Ifoto ku rup. 190]

Abavukanyi bariko barakuraho umukiruruko kugira habe urukino rw’umupira w’amaguru

[Ifoto ku rup. 192]

Leonard Ellis n’umukenyezi wiwe Nancy (hagati) hamwe n’umuryango wa Rwakabubu n’uwa Sombe

[Ifoto ku rup. 193]

Ibisigarira vya ya ndege yakororerwa hafi ya Kigali

[Amafoto ku rup. 199]

Icapa kivuga ngo “Twabuze ubuvandimwe” kiri kw’isengero rya Gatolika i Kibuye (ubu hitwa Karongi)

[Ifoto ku rup. 214]

Uhereye ibubamfu uja iburyo: (inyuma) André Twahirwa, Jean de Dieu, Immaculée, Chantal (afise umwana), Suzanne; (imbere) abana ba Mugabo: Jean-Luc na Agapé

[Ifoto ku rup. 216]

Védaste Bimenyimana ariko arayobora inyigisho ya Bibiliya

[Ifoto ku rup. 217]

Tharcisse Seminega n’umukenyezi wiwe Chantal

[Ifoto ku rup. 218]

Tharcisse na Justin iruhande ya ka kazu Tharcisse n’umuryango wiwe bamara ukwezi banyegeyemwo

[Amafoto ku rup. 226]

Haruguru: Ikambi y’impunzi y’Ivyabona b’Abanyarwanda; hepfo: ikambi y’impunzi y’Ivyabona n’abandi bantu

I Goma muri Kongo

I Benaco muri Tanzaniya

[Amafoto ku rup. 229]

Ya Ngoro y’Ubwami yakoreshwa nk’ibitaro

[Ifoto ku rup. 238]

Oreste n’umuryango wiwe mu 1996

[Ifoto ku rup. 240]

Théobald Munyampundu n’umukenyezi wiwe Berancille

[Amafoto ku rup. 241]

Abavukanyi na bashiki bacu b’Abahutu n’Abatutsi bategura ikibanza co kwubakamwo Ingoro y’amateraniro nshasha

[Ifoto ku rup. 242]

Ingoro y’amateraniro itagira impome y’i Kigali mu 2006

[Ifoto ku rup. 243]

Ishure rimenyereza abasuku ryabereye i Kigali mu 2008

[Ifoto ku rup. 246]

Umugwi w’abakoresha ururimi rw’ibimenyetso kw’iteraniro ridasanzwe ry’umusi umwe ryabereye i Gisenyi mu 2011

[Ifoto ku rup. 248]

Hakizimana François-Xavier

[Amafoto ku rup. 252, 253]

Abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bariko barakorana n’“Umukuru w’iyimbura” badata hasi, muri uwu murima wimbuka