Ikintu c’intibagirwa mu vy’ugusenga!

Isohorwa rya Bibiliya y’isi nshasha mu kirundi

KW’IGENEKEREZO rya 6 Myandagaro 2010, harabaye ikintu c’intibagirwa mu vy’ugusenga: harasohowe Bibiliya y’isi nshasha mu kirundi.

Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ije yiyongera ku zindi Bibiliya zari zimaze igihe kirekire zikoreshwa n’abantu batinya Imana mu Burundi. Kubera iki none hakenewe iyindi Bibiliya? Itegurwa na nde? Kandi wokwemezwa n’iki yuko Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ari iyo kwizigirwa?

Kubera iki usanga hari Bibiliya nyinshi zitandukanye?

Muri iyi myaka iheze harasohowe Bibiliya nshasha nyinshi zitandukanye. Bibiliya nshasha zimwezimwe zaratumye Ijambo ry’Imana riboneka mu ndimi zimwezimwe ari bwo bwa mbere. Ariko rero, hariko haraboneka Bibiliya nshasha no mu ndimi zari zisanzwe zifise Bibiliya. Kubera iki? Igitabu kimwe (So Many Versions?) canditswe na Sakae Kubo na Walter Specht, gisigura giti: “Nta Bibiliya n’imwe yokwigera ivugwa ko ari yo ya nyuma, ata yindi izoyikurikira. Bibiliya zitegerezwa kuguma zijana n’iyongerekana ry’ubumenyi bujanye n’ivya Bibiliya be n’amahinduka aba mu rurimi.”

Muri iki kinjana harabaye iterambere riboneka mu vy’ugutahura igiheburayo, igiharameya n’ikigiriki, zino zikaba ari zo ndimi Bibiliya yanditswemwo mu ntango. Harubuwe n’ivyandikano vy’iminwe vya Bibiliya vya kera kuruta ivyakoreshejwe n’abahinduzi ba Bibiliya bo hambere, bikaba kandi birushirije kuba ibitarimwo amakosa. Ubu rero Ijambo ry’Imana rirashobora guhindurwa neza kuruta uko vyari mbere.

Mu kuvuga ibijanye n’amashirahamwe y’ivy’urudandaza, ikinyamakuru kimwe (The Atlantic Monthly) kivuga giti: “Gusohora Bibiliya ni urucuruza rukomeye, emwe, rukomeye bimwe bitangaje.” Vyongeye, hari igihe usanga icipfuzo co gusohora Bibiliya igurwa cane gisa n’icitwararikwa cane kuruta ukuyihindura ata makosa. Hari Bibiliya nshasha yinamuye irakuramwo ibice bimwebimwe bene kuyisohora babona yuko ngo vyoba birambira cane. Hari n’iyindi Bibiliya igoreka amajambo canke imvugo vyiyumvirwa ko vyobabaza abasomyi bo mu gihe ca none. Nk’akarorero, iragerageza kunezereza abaharanira ukungana kw’ibitsina mu kwita Imana “Dawe-Mawe.”

Izina ry’Imana ryarapfukiranijwe

Agahararo kababaje rwose, twovuga ko ari akajanye n’izina ry’uruharo ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova. (Incabwenge zimwezimwe zirihindura ngo “Yahweh.”) Muri Bibiliya za kera, izina ry’Imana ryanditswe hakoreshejwe indome zine zitavuga z’igiheburayo, zishobora guhindurwa ngo YHWH canke JHVH. Mu co bita Isezerano rya kera honyene, iryo zina Imana yisangije riboneka hafi incuro 7.000. (Kuvayo 3:15; Zaburi 83:18) Biribonekeza rero ko Umuremyi wacu yashatse ko abamusenga bamenya iryo zina kandi bakarikoresha.

Ariko rero, haraciye imyaka amajana ubwoba bushingiye ku kwemera ibintazi butumye Abayuda bareka kwatura izina ry’Imana. Ivyo vyiyumviro bishingiye ku kwemera ibintazi vyahavuye vyandukira n’ubukirisu. (Gereranya n’Ivyakozwe 20:29, 30; 1 Timoteyo 4:1.) Abahinduzi ba Bibiliya bahavuye bagira akamenyero ko kuza barafata izina ry’Imana bakarisubiriza izina ry’icubahiro “Uhoraho” canke “Umukama.” Muri iki gihe, Bibiliya nyinshi zirakuramwo izina ry’Imana burundu. Hari Bibiliya zimwezimwe zo mu congereza zo mu gihe ca none zitanacishamwo ijambo “izina” muri Yohani 17:6, hamwe Yezu avuga ati: “Narahishuriye izina ryawe abantu.” Bibiliya imwe y’icongereza (Today’s English Version) ihahindura iti: “Narakumenyekanishije.”

None urwo rwanko bafitiye izina ry’Imana ruva ku ki? Raba ivyavuzwe mu kinyamakuru kimwe (Practical Papers for the Bible Translator, imbumbe ya 43, nomero 4, 1992) Ico kinyamakuru gisohorwa n’Urunani rw’amashirahamwe y’ivya Bibiliya, runo rukaba ruhagarikira vyinshi mu bikorwa birangurwa kw’isi yose bijanye no guhindura Bibiliya. Ikiganiro kimwe co muri ico kinyamakuru cavuze giti: “Kubera ko biboneka neza ko YHWH ari izina ry’uruharo, ku bwa ngingo kurihindura hisunzwe ukuntu ryaturwa, bwobaye bwo buryo bwumvikana bwo kurihindura.” Mugabo ico kiganiro caciye kigabisha giti: “Ariko ntiwumve, hari ibintu bimwebimwe bikwiye kurimburwa.”

Ivyo bintu vyorimburwa vyoba none bifise ishingiro? Nk’uko bivugwa n’ico kinyamakuru, hari incabwenge ziyumvira ngo: “Turamutse dushizemwo izina nka Yahweh [tukarimenyesha abatari abakirisu], vyohava bitanga ivyiyumviro bitari vyo . . . , bikumvikanisha yuko ‘Yahweh’ ari Imana y’inyamahanga, canke Imana y’icaduka, itandukanye n’Imana basanzwe bazi.” Yamara Bibiliya irigisha ishimika yuko Yehova Imana atandukanye n’imana zisengwa n’abatari abakirisu!​—Yesaya 43:10-12; 44:8, 9.

Hari incabwenge zivuga yuko ngo iyo zifashe izina ry’Imana zikarisubiriza izina ry’icubahiro “UHORAHO” canke “UMUKAMA” ziba ziriko zikurikiza gusa umugenzo uhasanzwe. Mugabo Yezu yarateye ivyatsi ivyo gukurikiza imigenzo idatera iteka Imana. (Matayo 15:6) Vyongeye, ivyo gufata izina ry’uruharo ukarisubiriza izina ry’icubahiro ntibishingiye ku Vyanditswe. Yezu Kristu arafise amazina y’icubahiro menshi, nka “Jambo w’Imana” be n’“Umwami w’abami.” (Ivyahishuwe 19:11-16) None umuntu yoca afata izina Yezu akarisubiriza rimwe muri ayo mazina y’icubahiro?

Ikindi kiganiro co muri ico kinyamakuru kiravuga gishimika giti: “Mu bisanzwe, imvugo ‘Yehova’ ikwiye kwirindwa.” Ngo kubera iki? Ngo kubera yuko “muri rusangi incabwenge ziyumvira yuko ‘Yahweh’ ari yo nyaturo irusha izindi kwegereza iyo mu ntango.” Ariko rero, amazina tumenyereye yo muri Bibiliya nka Yeremiya, Yesaya na Yezu, na yo nyene ahindurwa ku buryo usanga adasa cane n’ukuntu yaturwa mu giheburayo mu ntango (Yir·meyahʹ, Yeshaʽ·yaʹhu na Yehoh·shuʹaʽ). Kubera yuko inyaturo “Yehova” ari uburyo bwemewe bwo guhindura izina ry’Imana kandi bumenyerewe n’abantu benshi, kwanka kurikoresha nta shingiro bifise. Nkako, kwanka gukoresha izina ry’Imana bisa n’ibishingiye gusa ku kutaryiyumvamwo no ku mwikeko, ntibishingiye ku bimenyamenya bifadika vyatohojwe n’incabwenge.

Yamara ikibazo ntigihagaze gusa ku vy’ubumenyi buhanitse. Nk’akarorero, umuhanuzwajambo umwe wa rwa Runani rw’amashirahamwe y’ivya Bibiliya mu Buhindi yaranditse ku bijanye n’ingaruka zo gukura izina ry’Imana mu mabibiliya ryari risanzwe ribonekamwo. Yiyemerera ati: “Ku Bahindu igihambaye si izina ry’icubahiro ry’Imana; bipfuza kumenya izina ry’uruharo ry’Imana, kandi batamenye iryo zina ntibashobora gushikirana na nyeneryo.” Ni na ko biri kuri abo bose barondera Imana. Kumenya izina ry’Imana ni ntahara kugira ngo umuntu ayitahure, ntabone ko ari inguvu zibereye aho gusa, mugabo abone ko ibaho koko kandi ifise ubwenge, ko dushobora kuyimenya. (Kuvayo 34:6, 7) Ni co gituma Bibiliya ivuga iti: “Umuntu wese yambaza izina rya Yehova azokizwa.” (Abaroma 10:13) Abasenga Imana ni ngombwa bakoreshe izina ryayo.

Bibiliya itera iteka Imana

Ni co gituma igihe Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki mu congereza yasohorwa ari bwo bwa mbere mu 1950 cabaye ikintu c’intibagirwa. Mu myaka nka cumi yakurikiye, hagiye harasohorwa ibihimba vy’ico bakunze kwita Isezerano rya kera, ari vyo Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo. Mu 1961 Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza yuzuye yarasohowe iri hamwe. Birashimishije kubona Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ikoresha izina ry’Imana Yehova aho riboneka hose incuro zababa 7.000 mu co bita Isezerano rya kera. Ikintu cibonekeza bimwe bidasanzwe ni uko yasubije izina ry’Imana incuro 237 mu citwa Isezerano rishasha, ari vyo Vyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu.

Uretse ko gusubizaho iryo zina bitera iteka Imana, biratuma kandi abantu barushiriza gutahura ibintu. Tubitangire akarorero: Bibiliya nyinshi zihindura Matayo 22:44, ngo: “Umukama yabwiye Umukama wanje.” Ariko none ni nde avuga kandi ni nde abwirwa? Bibiliya y’isi nshasha yoyo uwo murongo iwuhindura ngo: “Yehova yabwiye Umukama wanje,” ikaba isubiyemwo neza amajambo ari muri Zaburi 110:1. Abasomyi barashobora rero guca babona itandukaniro rihambaye cane riri hagati ya Yehova Imana n’Umwana wiwe.

Itegurwa na nde?

Bibiliya y’isi nshasha isohorwa na Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, runo rukaba ari urwego rwemewe n’amategeko ruserukira Ivyabona vya Yehova. Haraciye imyaka irenga ijana Ivyabona vya Yehova bacapura bongera bakwiragiza amabibiliya kw’isi yose. Umugwi w’abakirisu wiswe Komite ijejwe guhindura Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ni wo washikirije Ivyabona vya Yehova iyo Bibiliya. Abagize iyo komite, kubera ko batashaka kuba rurangiranwa, basavye yuko amazina yabo atomenyekana n’inyuma y’urupfu rwabo.​—Gereranya na 1 Abakorinto 10:31.

Kubera iki none iyo Bibiliya yiswe Bibiliya y’isi nshasha? Ivyo vyarerekanye ukujijuka gukomeye abagize iyo komite bafise yuko umuryango w’abantu uri “kw’irembo ry’isi nshasha” isezeranwa muri 2 Petero 3:13. Nk’uko iyo komite yavyanditse, muri iki “kiringo co kuva mw’isi ya kera tuja mw’isi nshasha,” birahambaye ko amabibiliya ahindurwa mu zindi ndimi atuma “ukuri gutyoroye kw’Ijambo ry’Imana” kurasa.​—Raba Akajambo k’intango k’integuro yo mu 1950.

Ni Bibiliya itarimwo amakosa

Ni co gituma hitwararitswe canecane ukuyihindura mu buryo butarimwo amakosa. Abahinduye Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza bafatiye ku ndimi Bibiliya yanditswemwo mu ntango ari zo igiheburayo, igiharameya n’ikigiriki, bakoresheje ibisomwa vyiza kuruta ibindi vyariho.a Vyongeye, haritwararitswe bimwe bidasanzwe uguhindura igisomwa ca kera ijambo ku rindi uko bishoboka kwose, mugabo bikagirwa mu mvugo abasomyi bo mu gihe ca none botahura bitagoranye.

Ntibitangaje rero kubona hari incabwenge zashemagije Bibiliya y’isi nshasha kubera ko itadohoka kandi ikaba itagiramwo amakosa. Mu 1989, umuhinga Benjamin Kedar, incabwenge mu giheburayo yo muri Isirayeli, yavuze ati: “Mu bushakashatsi ngira mu vy’ururimi bujanye na Bibiliya y’igiheburayo na Bibiliya zitandukanye zihindurwa, nama nikora kuri Bibiliya y’icongereza yitwa Bibiliya y’isi nshasha. Igihe cose ndabigize, nama nsanga ivyo niyumvira ari vyo: abateguye iyo Bibiliya nta ko batagize kugira ngo batahure igisomwa ata makosa uko bishoboka kwose.”

Guhindura iyo Bibiliya mu zindi ndimi

Birabereye rero kubona Ivyabona vya Yehova bararonkeje Bibiliya y’isi nshasha abatavuga icongereza. Ubu iboneka mu ndimi zirenga 70, ari yose canke igice yayo. Kugira ngo ico gikorwa corohe, haratunganijwe uburyo bwo guhindura Bibiliya aho babanza kwiga amajambo akoreshwa muri Bibiliya, hanyuma bakifashisha ubuhinga bwa orodinateri. Harashizweho kandi Urwego ruraba ivy’ubuhinduzi rusahiriza abahinduzi. Inama Nyobozi y’Ivyabona vya Yehova iguma ikurikiranira hafi igikorwa co guhindura Bibiliya biciye kuri Komite Nshingwayandika yayo. Uti none ico gikorwa bagikora gute?

Habanza gushirwaho umugwi w’abakirisu biyeguriye Imana ujejwe ico gikorwa co guhindura. Vyarabonetse yuko igihe abahinduzi bakoreye hamwe aho gukora umwe wese ukwiwe ari ho bahindura igisomwa kimeze neza kuruta. (Gereranya n’Imigani 11:14.) Muri rusangi, umwumwe wese mu bagize uwo mugwi aba amaze kumenyera guhindura ibitabu vy’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Uwo mugwi uraheza ukigishwa neza ingingo ngenderwako z’ishimikiro zijanye no guhindura Bibiliya, ukigishwa n’ingene bakoresha ubuhinga bwa orodinateri bwateguriwe ico gikorwa.

Uwo mugwi w’abahinduzi usabwa gushikiriza Bibiliya (1) itarimwo amakosa, (2) ihindura ijambo kumwe aho bishoboka hose, (3) ihindura igisomwa urudome ku rundi uko bishoboka muri urwo rurimi, ariko (4) ikaba itahurwa n’abantu batobato bitagoranye. Uti none ivyo bigirwa gute? Fatira kuri iyo Bibiliya iherutse gusohoka. Umugwi w’abahinduzi wabanje kurobanura amajambo y’ikirundi ahuye n’amajambo nyamukuru yose yo muri Bibiliya yakoreshejwe muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha y’icongereza. Orodinateri yari yarateguwe ku buryo yerekana amajambo yo muri Bibiliya afitaniye isano be n’ivyitiranwa vyayo. Yarerekana kandi amajambo y’ikigiriki canke y’igiheburayo yo mu ntango yafatiweko mu gutora amajambo yo mu congereza, kugira ngo umuhinduzi ashobore kwiga ingene ayo majambo y’ikigiriki canke y’igiheburayo yagiye arahindurwa. Ivyo vyose vyarafashije cane abahinduzi kurobanura amajambo y’ikirundi abereye. Uwo mugwi umaze kwumvikana kuri ayo majambo, baciye batangura guhindura Bibiliya, orodinateri ikaza irabereka amajambo y’ikirundi abereye uko bahindura umurongo umwumwe.

Ariko rero ntugire ngo guhindura ni ugupfa gufata amajambo ukayasubiriza ayandi. Abahinduzi barakoze baratama kugira ngo biyemeze yuko amajambo y’ikirundi yarobanuwe aserura iciyumviro nyaco co mu Vyanditswe gihuye n’ibiriko biravugwa. Baritwararitse kandi kuraba yuko indimburo be n’inyubako y’amungane bakoresha biba ibiryoshe kandi bikamera nk’uko Umurundi asanzwe avuga. Emwe, akuzuye ntikamurikwa, barundi barakoze baratama. Uravye ingene Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ishira mu kirundi Ijambo ry’Imana, iroroshe gusoma, iratomoye, iratahurika, kandi ntidohoka ku gisomwa co mu ntango.

Tukuremesheje kwisuzumira Bibiliya y’isi nshasha. Urashobora kuyironswa n’abasohora iki kinyamakuru canke ishengero ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova ry’aho iwanyu. Nuyisome wizigiye yuko iserura neza amajambo y’Imana mu rurimi rwawe. Emwe, ntuzoteba kwemera yuko isohorwa ryayo riherutse kuba ari ikintu c’intibagirwa mu vy’ugusenga!

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Uruzitiro/Amafoto ku rup. 4]

Bimwebimwe mu biranga Bibiliya y’isi nshasha

Igisomwa cayo kirasomeka

Imirongo yashizwe hamwe mu ngingo: Aho kureka ngo umurongo umwumwe wose wirebange, imirongo yagiye irashirwa hamwe mu ngingo. Ivyo birafasha umusomyi gukurikira iciyumviro c’abanditsi ba Bibiliya.

Udutwe tw’igisomwa: Udusanga hejuru ku mpapuro nyinshi, tukaba dufasha umuntu gutora ningoga inkuru zo muri Bibiliya.

Amarabiro yo mu nkingi: Urupapuro rwose ruriko amarabiro akurungika ku yindi mirongo yo muri Bibiliya bifitaniye isano.

Inkoranyamajambo: Amaja mu mpera z’iyi Bibiliya hari igice citwa “Ironderero ry’amajambo yakoreshejwe muri iyi Bibiliya.” Usanga hatondetse amajambo yarobanuwe be n’ivyanditswe abonekamwo, akenshi hagashirwamwo n’agace gato k’igisomwa kerekana ibivugwa aho nya jambo riboneka.

Inyongera: Ni urukurikirane rw’ibiganiro bigufibigufi vyerekeye inyigisho z’ishimikiro za Bibiliya be n’ibindi bintu bijanye na zo.