Amarabiro yo mu gatabu k’ikoraniro ry’Ubuzima bwacu n’igikorwa cacu
5-11 RUHUHUMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MW’IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 12-13
“Ikigereranyo c’ingano n’icatsi kibi”
“Ehe ndi kumwe namwe imisi yose”
2 Ibintu biba mu murima w’uwo murimyi birerekana ukuntu be n’igihe Yezu yokwegeranije mu bantu abagize umugwi w’ingano bose, ni ukuvuga abakirisu barobanuwe bazofadikanya na we kuganza mu Bwami bwiwe. Ukwo kubiba kwatanguye kuri Pentekoti yo mu 33 G.C. Ukwo kwegeranya kuzorangira abarobanuwe bazoba bakiriho kw’iherezo ry’ivy’iyi si nibadomwako ikidodo ubwa nyuma maze bakajanwa mw’ijuru. (Mat. 24:31; Ivyah. 7:1-4) Nka kurya nyene umuntu ahagaze kw’isonga ry’umusozi abona neza ibintu vyose biri irya n’ino yawo, ni ko n’uwo mugani utuma tubona neza ibintu vyobaye mu kiringo c’imyaka nka 2.000. Ni ibintu ibihe bijanye n’Ubwami dutahura turi ahantu hakirurutse mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo? Uwo mugani uravuga ibijanye n’igihe c’ibiba, ikura n’iyimbura. Iki kiganiro cibanda ku gihe c’iyimbura.
YEZU ARABAKINGIRA
3 Mu ntango z’ikinjana ca kabiri G.C., ‘ca catsi kibi caraserutse’ igihe abiyita abakirisu bibonekeza mu murima ugereranya isi. (Mat. 13:26) Mu kinjana ca kane, igitigiri c’abakirisu bameze nk’icatsi kibi cararuse cane ic’abakirisu barobanuwe. Uribuka ko muri uwo mugani, abashumba basavye shebuja wabo uruhusha rwo kurandura ico catsi kibi. (Mat. 13:28) None shebuja yavyakiriye gute?
“Ehe ndi kumwe namwe imisi yose”
4 Mu kuvuga ibijanye n’ingano be n’icatsi kibi, Yezu yagize ati: “Reka vyompi bikurane kugeza mw’iyimbura.” Iryo tegeko rirahishura ko kuva mu kinjana ca mbere gushika muri iki gihe, kw’isi hamye hariho abakirisu barobanuwe bameze nk’ingano. Ico ciyumviro kirashigikirwa n’ivyo Yezu yabwiye abigishwa biwe mu nyuma ati: “Ndi kumwe namwe imisi yose gushika ku nsozero y’ivy’isi.” (Mat. 28:20) Abakirisu barobanuwe bokwamye rero bakingirwa na Yezu gushika mu gihe c’iherezo. Ariko rero, kubera ko bapfukiranijwe n’abakirisu bameze nk’icatsi kibi, ntituzi neza abari bagize uwo mugwi w’ingano muri ico kiringo kirekire. Ariko rero, hagisigaye imyaka nka mirongo ngo igihe c’iyimbura gitangure, abagize umugwi w’ingano baribonekeje. Ivyo vyagenze gute?
“Ehe ndi kumwe namwe imisi yose”
10 Ica mbere, ni ukwegeranya icatsi kibi. Yezu avuga ati: “Mu gihe c’iyimbura nzobwira abashwabuzi nti: Banza mwegeranye icatsi kibi, mugitekere mu mikama.” Inyuma ya 1914, abamarayika baratanguye ‘kwegeranya’ abakirisu bameze nk’icatsi kibi mu kubatandukanya n’ “abana b’ubwami” barobanuwe.—Mat. 13:30, 38, 41.
11 Uko ico gikorwa co kwegeranya catera imbere, ni ko itandukaniro ryari hagati y’iyo migwi ibiri ryarushiriza kwibonekeza. (Ivyah. 18:1, 4) Mu 1919, vyaragaragaye ko Babiloni Akomeye yari yatemvye. Ni igiki canecane catandukanya abakirisu b’ukuri n’abiyita abakirisu? Ni igikorwa co kwamamaza. Abaja imbere abandi mu Batohoji ba Bibiliya baratanguye gushimika ku gituma bihambaye ko umwe wese ku giti ciwe agira uruhara mu gikorwa co kwamamaza Ubwami. Nk’akarorero, agatabu Ni nde yajejwe igikorwa, akasohowe mu 1919 (mu congereza), karahimirije abakirisu barobanuwe bose kwamamaza inzu ku nzu. Kagira gati: “Naho ico gikorwa kiboneka ko ari amahero, ni ic’Umukama, kandi tuzokirangura biciye ku nkomezi ziwe. Murafise agateka ko kukigiramwo uruhara.” None bavyakiriye gute? Umunara w’Inderetsi wo mu 1922 wavuze ko kuva ico gihe Abatohoji ba Bibiliya bongereje igikorwa cabo co kwamamaza. Kwamamaza inzu ku nzu ntivyatevye kuba ikintu kiranga bo bakirisu b’abizigirwa, nk’uko biri gushika uno musi.
12 Ica kabiri, ni ukwegeranya ingano. Yezu ategeka abamarayika biwe ati: “Mugende mwegeranirize ingano mu kigega canje.” (Mat. 13:30) Kuva mu 1919, abarobanuwe baregeranirijwe mw’ishengero rya gikirisu ryasubijwe umutamana. Ku bakirisu barobanuwe bazoba bakiriho kw’iherezo ry’ivy’iyi si, ukwegeranywa kwa nyuma kuzoba igihe bazoba baronse impembo yabo yo mw’ijuru.—Dan. 7:18, 22, 27.
Ducukure ubutunzi bwo muri Bibiliya
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 12:20
urutambi ruyenga: Abenshi bakoresha agatara ko mw’ibumba bashiramwo amavuta ya elayo. Bagashiramwo urutambi rw’ilino rwakwega ayo mavuta maze urubeya rukaguma rwaka. Imvugo y’ikigiriki ngo “urutambi ruyenga” ishobora kuba yerekeza ku rutambi rufumba umwotsi kuko urubeya rwaba ruriko ruradegera canke rwamaze kudegera. Ubuhanuzi bwo muri Yesaya 42:3 bwaravuze ko Yezu yogaragaje impuhwe. Ntiyokwigeze azimya icizigiro na gitoyi abantu baciye bugufi canke bahahazwa bobaye bafise.
Wari ubizi?
Vyoba ari ivy’ukuri yuko mu bihe vya kera umuntu yubahuka kubiba ivyatsi bibi mu murima w’abandi?
MURI Matayo 13:24-26, Yezu yavuze ati: “Ubwami bwo mw’ijuru bumeze nk’umuntu yabivye imbuto nziza mw’itongo ryiwe. Igihe abantu bari basinziriye, umwansi wiwe araza abiba icatsi kibi mu ngano, arigira. Zimaze kumera zikayangika, ca catsi kibi na co gica kiraseruka.” Abanditsi batandukanye barahaririye ko ivyo Yezu yavuze muri ico kigereranyo bitigera bigirwa. Ariko rero, ivyandikano vya kera vy’Abaroma birerekana ko ivyo bintu vyahora bigirwa koko.
Kazinduzi imwe y’ivya Bibiliya ivuga ko kubiba icatsi kibi mu murima w’umuntu kugira wihore, “vyahanwa n’amategeko mu gihe c’inganji y’Abaroma. Kubona harashinzwe itegeko rigenga ico kintu vyerekana ko cari ikintu gikunda kuba.” Umuhinga mu vy’amategeko Alastair Kerr asigura ko mu 533 inyuma ya Kristu, Umwami w’abami w’Uburoma yitwa Justinian yasohoye Icegeranyo c’amategeko. Yari incamake y’itegeko ry’Abaroma be n’ivyakuwe mu nyandiko z’abahinga mu vy’amategeko ba kera cane (nko mu mwaka wa 100 gushika mu wa 250 inyuma ya Kristu). Twisunze nya cegeranyo (Digest, 9.2.27.14), umuhinga mu vy’amategeko yitwa Ulpian yaravuze ibijanye n’urubanza rwasuzumwe n’umutegetsi w’Umuroma yitwa Celsus wo mu kinjana ca kabiri. Rwari rwerekeye ivyatsi bibi vyabibwe mu murima w’umuntu, bica bituma ibiterwa vyiwe vyononekara. Nya Cegeranyo kiravuga ibijanye n’indishi y’akababaro nyene umurima yabwirizwa guhabwa n’uwamwononeye, kugira ngo amurihe ivyo yahomvye.
Kuba ikibi kibishe nk’ico carakorwa kera mu Nganji y’Uburoma, vyerekana ko ivyo Yezu yavuze muri ico kigereranyo vyagirwa koko.
12-18 RUHUHUMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MW’IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 14-15
“Kugaburira benshi biciye kuri bake”
Kugaburira benshi biciye kuri bake
2 Yezu akubise amaso iryo sinzi ry’abantu, baramutera ikigongwe agaca akiza abarwaye bari muri bo akongera akabigisha ibintu vyinshi vyerekeye Ubwami bw’Imana. Bugorovye, abigishwa barahimiriza Yezu ngo arungike abantu kugira ngo bagende mu bigwati vyo muri iyo micungararo, bigurire ibifungurwa. Mugabo Yezu aca abwira abo bigishwa biwe ati: “Be ari mwebwe mubaha ico barya.” Ico kintu avuze gitegerezwa kuba gituma bazazanirwa, kuko bafise udufungurwa dukeyi cane, utwo na two tukaba ari imikate itanu n’udufi tubiri.
Kugaburira benshi biciye kuri bake
3 Yezu abitumwe n’impuhwe arakora igitangaro, kikaba ari co gitangaro conyene kivugwa n’abanditsi b’Injili bose uko ari bane. (Mrk. 6:35-44; Luka 9:10-17; Yoh. 6:1-13) Yezu arasaba abigishwa biwe kubwira iryo sinzi ngo rigandagaze ku vyatsi mu migwi y’abantu mirongwitanitanu n’ijanijana. Amaze kubihezagira, aca atangura kumanyagura iyo mikate no kugabanganya ayo mafi. Hanyuma, aho kuba ari Yezu ubwiwe yihera abo bantu ibifungurwa, arabigaburira “abigishwa, abigishwa na bo ba[kabi]gaburira nya masinzi.” Igitangaje, bose bararonka ivyo bafungura kandi bigasigara! Iyumvire iki kintu: Yezu yaragaburiye abantu ibihumbi biciye ku bantu bake, ni ukuvuga abigishwa biwe.
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 14:21
hatarimwo abagore n’abana batoyi: Ku bijanye n’ico gitangaro, Matayo ni we wenyene avuga ivyerekeye abo bagore n’abana batoyi. Birashoboka ko abagaburiwe ku gitangaro bose barenga 15.000.
Kugaburira benshi biciye kuri bake
NUSE n’uwubona ibi bintu. (Soma Matayo 14:14-21.) Ni imbere gato ya Pasika yo mu 32 G.C. Isinzi ry’abagabo nka 5.000, hatarimwo abagore n’abana batoya, riri kumwe na Yezu be n’abigishwa biwe mu gahinga ka nyaganande mu micungararo ya Betsayida, ikigwati kiri ku nkengera yo mu buraruko y’Ikiyaga ca Galilaya.
Ducukure ubutunzi bwo muri Bibiliya
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 15:7
abiyorobetsi: Ijambo ry’ikigiriki hy·po·kri·tesʹ, mu ntango ryerekeza ku bakinyi b’ibirori b’Abagiriki (mu nyuma na ho b’Abaroma) bambara mu maso ibintu bininiya vyo kwiyoberanya vyatuma ijwi ryabo ryumvikana cane. Mu nyuma, iryo jambo ryahavuye rikoreshwa mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo mu kwerekeza kuri uwo wese ahisha ico ari be n’intumbero yiwe, akiyerekana uko atari canke agakorana uburyarya. Muri uwu murongo, indongozi z’idini ry’Abayuda Yezu azita “abiyorobetsi.”—Mt 6:5, 16.
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 15:26
abana . . . utubwa: Kubera ko Itegeko rya Musa ryashira imbwa mu bikoko bihumanye, akenshi Ivyanditswe bikoresha iryo jambo bishaka kuvuga ikintu gisuzuguritse. (Lw 11:27; Mt 7:6; Fp 3:2; Ivy 22:15) Ariko rero, nk’uko Mariko (7:27) na Matayo bavyigana, muri iyo nkuru ya Yezu hakoreshwa imvugo yo gutūvya isobanura “akabwa” canke “imbwa yo mu nzu,” iyo ikaba atari imvugo y’agasuzuguro. Kumbure ivyo vyerekana ko Yezu yakoresheje imvugo y’ikibabarwe yerekeza ku bikoko abatari Abisirayeli batunga mu ngo zabo. Mu kugereranya Abisirayeli n’“abana,” abatari Abisirayeli na bo akabagereranya n’“utubwa,” biboneka ko Yezu yashaka kwerekana igikwiye kuza imbere y’ibindi. Mu rugo rwaba rurimwo abana be n’imbwa, abana ni bo babanza kugaburirwa.
19-25 RUHUHUMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MW’IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 16-17
“Wiyumvira ivyiyumviro vya nde?”
Bagabo, nimwemere icese ikibanza Kristu afise co kuba umutwe
17 Ikindi gihe, Yezu yarasiguriye intumwa ziwe yuko ategerezwa kuja i Yeruzalemu aho yari kugirirwa nabi n’“abashingantahe n’abaherezi bakuru n’abanyabgenge b’ivyanditswe, no kuzokwicwa, no kuzozurwa ku musi ugira gatatu”. Petero yumvise ivyo, yaciye amwihereranya maze atangura kumwamira mu kuvuga ati: “Ntibikāze, Mwami wanje, ntibize bikubeko na gato”. Biribonekeza yuko ukuntu Petero yabona ibintu kwari kwaratwawe n’inyiyumvo. Vyari bibereye ko akosorwa. Yezu yaciye amubwira ati: “Herēra inyuma yanje, Satani; ur’ikintsitaza, kukw ivy’Imana atari vyo ubabaye, ubabaye ivy’abantu”.—Matayo 16:21-23.
Uraba maso Shetani ashaka kukurotsa!
16 Shetani arashobora mbere no guhenda abasavyi ba Yehova b’abanyamwete. Nk’akarorero, rimbura ivyabaye igihe Yezu yabwira abigishwa biwe ko yari mu kwicwa. Intumwa Petero abitumwe n’imvo zitegerezwa kuba zari nziza, yaramwikebukanije maze amubwira ati: “Ibabarire, Mukama; ntuzogenda ushikiwe n’ivyo bintu.” Yezu yamwishuye ashimitse ati: “Herera inyuma yanje, Shetani!” (Mat. 16:22, 23) Kubera iki Yezu yise Petero “Shetani”? Kubera ko Yezu yatahura ivyagira bibe. Isaha yariko iregereza yuko yitanga ngo abe inkuka y’incungu maze yerekane ko Shetani ari umubeshi. Ico kiringo kigoye kuruta ibindi vyose vyigeze kubaho, nticari co gihe c’uko Yezu ‘yibabarira.’ Iyo aza gusamara yari kuba ashiriye Shetani aho ashaka.
17 Kubera ko iherezo ry’ivy’iyi si riri hafi, na twebwe tubayeho mu bihe bigoye. Shetani ashaka ko dusamara, ‘tukibabarira’ mu kwironderera ikibanza muri iyi si, maze ntitube tukibona ko ibintu vyihutirwa. Ntureke ngo ivyo bigushikire! Ahubwo nyabuna, ‘nugume uri maso.’ (Mat. 24:42) Ntiwigere wemera ibinyoma vya Shetani vy’uko iherezo rikiri kure, canke mbere ko ritazoza.
‘Nimugende, muhindure abantu abigishwa, mubabatiza’
9 None gukurikira akarorero ka Yezu mu bijanye no gukora ivyo Imana igomba bidusaba iki? Yezu yabwiye abigishwa biwe ati: “Umuntu ni yagomba kunkurikira, ni yiyanke, yikorere [“igiti ciwe co kubabarizwako hanyuma abandanye”, NW] ankurikir[a]” (Matayo 16:24). Muri ico canditswe Yezu yarerekanye ibintu bitatu dutegerezwa gukora. Ica mbere, ‘turiyanka’. Mu yandi majambo, turavuga oya ku mpengamiro zacu z’ubwikunzi kandi ziranga agasembwa, tukavuga ego ku mpanuro no ku buyobozi biva ku Mana. Ica kabiri, ‘turikorera igiti cacu co kubabarizwako’. Mu gihe ca Yezu, igiti co kubabarizwako cagereranya agateterwe n’ugucumukura. Kubera yuko turi abakirisu, turemera gucumukura ku bw’inkuru nziza (2 Timoteyo 1:8). Naho isi yodutwengera mw’ijigo canke ikatunebagura, nka kumwe kwa Kirisitu ‘ntitugira isoni’, ahubwo turanezerezwa no kumenya ko turiko turahimbara Imana (Abaheburayo 12:2). Ica nyuma, ‘turabandanya’ gukurikira Yezu.—Zaburi 73:26; 119:44; 145:2.
Ducukure ubutunzi bwo muri Bibiliya
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 16:18
Uri Petero, kandi kuri ico gitandara: Ijambo ry’ikigiriki peʹtros risobanura ngo “igisate c’igitandara; ibuye.” Muri uwo murongo, ryerekeza kw’izina ry’uruharo (Petero), rikaba ari izina ry’ikigiriki Yezu yahaye Simoni. (Yoh 1:42) Irindi jambo risa n’iryo ni peʹtra rihindurwa ngo “igitandara,” rikaba rishobora kwerekeza ku gitandara cose uko cakabaye, ku rutare, canke ku gitandara amahanga yose. Iryo jambo ry’ikigiriki ni ryo rikoreshwa no muri Mt 7:24, 25; 27:60; Lk 6:48; 8:6; Rm 9:33; 1Kr 10:4; 1Pt 2:8. Biboneka ko Petero atabona ko ari we yari igitandara Yezu yokwubatseko ishengero ryiwe, kanatsinda muri 1Pt 2:4-8 yavuze ko Yezu yari we “buye ry’umushinge rigumya imfuruka” Imana yitoreye, iryari rimaze igihe kirekire ryaravuzwe. Intumwa Paulo na we nyene yise Yezu “umushinge” be n’“igitandara c’impwemu.” (1Kr 3:11; 10:4) Biboneka rero ko Yezu yakoresheje amajambo ndyoshamvugo. Ni nk’aho yavuze ati: ‘Wewe uwo nise Petero, igisate c’igitandara, waratahuye neza Kristu, “iki gitandara,” uwuzoba umushinge w’ishengero rya gikirisu.’
ishengero: Aha ni ho ha mbere hakoreshwa ijambo ry’ikigiriki ek·kle·siʹa. Riva mu majambo abiri y’ikigiriki ari yo ek, risobanura ngo “hanze,” na ka·leʹo risobanura ngo “guhamagara.” Ryerekeza ku mugwi w’abantu bahamagawe ku bw’intumbero kanaka canke igikorwa kanaka. Muri iki canditswe, Yezu avuga ko hoshinzwe ishengero rya gikirisu rigizwe n’abakirisu barobanuwe, abagereranya “amabuye mazima” ariko ‘yubakwa mu nzu y’impwemu.’ (1Pt 2:4, 5) Muri Bibiliya yitwa Septante, iryo jambo rikunda gukoreshwa mu kibanza c’ijambo ry’igiheburayo rihindurwa ngo “ishengero,” akenshi rikaba ryerekeza kw’ihanga ry’abasavyi b’Imana ryose uko ryakabaye. (Gus 23:3; 31:30) Mu Vyakozwe 7:38, Abisirayeli bahamagawe bakava mu Misiri bitwa “ishengero.” N’abakirisu ‘bahamagawe bakava mu mwiza’ kandi ‘bagatorwa mw’isi,’ bagize “ishengero ry’Imana.”—1Pt 2:9; Yoh 15:19; 1Kr 1:2.
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 16:19
impfunguruzo z’ubwami bwo mw’ijuru: Muri Bibiliya, abantu bahawe impfunguruzo, zaba impfunguruzo nya mpfunguruzo canke iz’ikigereranyo, bahawe ubukuru kanaka. (1Ng 9:26, 27; Yes 22:20-22) Ijambo “urupfunguruzo” rero ryahavuye rigereranya ubukuru canke ibanga. Petero yakoresheje izo “mpfunguruzo” mu kuronsa Abayuda (Ivk 2:22-41), Abasamariya (Ivk 8:14-17), n’Abanyamahanga (Ivk 10:34-38) akaryo ko kuronka impwemu y’Imana kugira ngo baze binjire mu Bwami bwo mw’ijuru.
26 RUHUHUMA–4 NTWARANTE
UBUTUNZI BWO MW’IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 18-19
“Uragaba ku vyogutsitaza n’ivyotuma utsitaza abandi”
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 18:6, 7
urusyo nka rumwe ruzungurutswa n’indogobwa: Canke “urusyo runini.” Iyo mvugo, ijambo ku rindi ni “urusyo rw’indogobwa.” Mwene urwo rusyo, urwapima hagati y’imetero 1 na santimetero 20 n’imetero 1 n’inusu z’ubwaguke, rwari ruremereye cane ku buryo rwazungurutswa n’indogobwa.
ibitsitaza: Ijambo ry’ikigiriki skanʹda·lon ryahinduwe ngo “igitsitaza,” mu ntango vyiyumvirwa ko ryerekeza ku mutego; hari n’abiyumvira ko kari agakoni kaba kari mu mutego bashirako icambo. Mu mvugo yagutse, ryahavuye ryerekeza ku kintu cose cohava gituma umuntu atsitara canke agwa. Mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, ryerekeza ku gikorwa canke ikintu gituma umuntu afata ingendo itabereye, ata ubuntu canke agwa mu caha. Ijambo skan·da·liʹzo na ryo ryahinduwe muri Mt 18:8, 9 ngo “gutsitaza,” rishobora kandi guhindurwa ngo “kuba umutego; gucumuza.”
nwtsty amashusho
Urusyo
Insyo zakoreshwa mu gusya intete no mu kugana imyelayo kugira ngo ivemwo amavuta. Hari izari ntoyi cane ku buryo zazungurutswa n’ukuboko, hakaba na nininini cane zazungurutswa n’igikoko. Birashoboka ko mwene urwo rusyo amahanga ari rwo Abafilisitiya bahaye Samusoni ngo akoreshe. (Abc 16:21) Urwo rusyo rwazungurutswa n’igitungwa ntirwakoreshwa muri Isirayeli gusa, rwarakoreshwa no mu karere kanini k’Inganji y’Abaroma.
Urusyo be n’ingasiro
Urusyo runini cane nk’urwo ubona ng’aha rwazungurutswa n’igitungwa, nk’indogobwa. Rwakoreshwa mu gusya intete canke kugana imyelayo. Ingasiro yarashobora kugira ubwaguke bw’imetero 1 n’inusu, kandi urusyo yazungurukirako rwarashobora kuba runini kuruta uru.
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 18:9
Gehena: Iyi mvugo iva mu majambo y’igiheburayo geh hin·nomʹ, asobanura ngo “umubande wa Hinomu,” uri mu burengero no mu bumanuko bwa Yeruzalemu ha kera. (Raba sgd igihimba ca 16, ikarata ya “Yeruzalemu n’akarere kahakikuje.”) Mu gihe ca Yezu uwo mubande wari wahindutse ikibanza co gutuririramwo imyanda. Ijambo “Gehena” rero ryari ribereye kugereranya ukurandurwa buhere.
nwtsty
Gehena
Ni izina ry’ikigiriki ryahawe umubande wa Hinomu, uri mu bumanuko bushira uburengero bwa Yeruzalemu ha kera. (Yr 7:31) Ubuhanuzi bwari bwaravuze ko uwo mubande wobaye ahantu ho gushiburira ibiziga. (Yr 7:32; 19:6) Nta na kimwe cemeza ko ibikoko canke abantu batabwa ari bazima muri Gehena kugira baturirwe babona canke bababarizweyo. Ni co gituma aho hantu hadashobora kugereranya akarere kataboneka aho imitima y’abantu itererwa mu muriro nya muriro ikababarizwayo ibihe bidahera. Ahubwo Yezu n’abigishwa biwe bakoresheje ijambo Gehena bashaka kuvuga “urupfu rwa kabiri,” ni ukuvuga igihano c’ibihe bidahera, ukurandurwa buhere canke ukuzimanganywa.—Ivy 20:14; Mt 5:22; 10:28.
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 18:10
bitegereza mu maso ha Dawe: Canke “bashikira Dawe.” Kubera ko ibiremwa vy’impwemu bishika imbere y’Imana, ni vyo vyonyene bishobora kubona mu nyonga zayo.—Kv 33:20.
Ukuntu ibiremwa vy’impwemu bigira ico bikoze ku bitwerekeye
Yezu yarahishuye ko abamarayika bafise ibanga ryo gufasha abasavyi b’Imana kugira bagume bafitaniye na yo ubucuti bwiza. Ni co gituma igihe Yezu yagabisha abigishwa biwe ngo ntibatsitaze abandi, yavuze ati: “Murabe ntimusuzugure n’umwe muri aba batoyi; kuko ndababwiye yuko abamarayika babo mw’ijuru bama bitegereza mu maso ha Dawe ari mw’ijuru.” (Matayo 18:10) Mu kuvuga ivyo, Yezu si ngombwa ngo abe yashaka kuvuga ko umwumwe mu bayoboke biwe ari n’umumarayika-murinzi amujejwe. Ariko Yezu yarerekanye ko abamarayika bakorana n’Imana mu bumwe usanga bitwararika cane abagize ishengero rya gikirisu.
Ducukure ubutunzi bwo muri Bibiliya
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 18:22
incuro mirongo irindwi n’indwi: Ijambo ku rindi ni “incuro mirongo irindwi indwi.” Iyo mvugo y’ikigiriki ishobora gusobanura “70 be na 7” (incuro 77) canke “70 kugwiza 7” (incuro 490). Imvugo nk’iyo y’igiheburayo dusanga mw’Itanguriro 4:24, ya Bibiliya yitwa Septante yayihinduye ngo “incuro 77,” ivyo bikaba bihuye n’ukuntu hahinduwe muri uwu murongo. Uko umuntu yobitahura kwose, igiharuro indwi cisubirije vyasigura ikintu “kitagira iherezo” canke “kitagira akarimbi.” Kubona incuro 7 Petero yavuze, Yezu yaciye azihindura 77, yashaka kwereka abayoboke biwe ko badakwiye gushinga akarimbi mu bijanye no kubabarira. Ariko igitabu citwa Talimudi y’Abanyababiloni (Yoma 86b) coco kivuga giti: “Umuntu agabitanije ubwa mbere, ubwa kabiri n’ubwa gatatu arababarirwa, ariko ubwa kane ntababarirwa.”
nwtsty amakuru adufasha kwiga Mt 19:7
icete co gusezerera: Canke “icete co kwahukana.” Itegeko ryasaba ko umugabo agomba kwahukana abanza kwandika icete cemewe n’amategeko, kumbure akanahanuza abagabo b’inararibonye. Ivyo vyatuma aronka umwanya wo kwiyumvira neza ibijanye n’iyo ngingo ikomeye agomba gufata. Biboneka ko Itegeko ryari rifise intumbero yo gukinga ivyo kwahukana gihutihuti be no gukingira abakenyezi ku rugero kanaka. (Gus 24:1) Ariko mu gihe ca Yezu, abakuru b’amadini bari baroroheje ibijanye no kwahukana. Umuhinga mu vya kahise wo mu kinjana ca mbere yitwa Josèphe, ubwiwe akaba yari Umufarizayo yahukanye, yavuze ko vyari vyemewe kwahukana “ku mvo iyo ari yo yose (kandi nyinshi zatangwa n’abagabo).”
nwtsty ishusho
Icete co kwahukana
Ico cete co kwahukana ni ico mu 71 canke mu 72 inyuma ya Kristu, kikaba canditswe mu giharameya. Catowe mu buraruko bw’umwonga Murabbaat, ahahoze haca uruzi mu bugaragwa bwa Yudaya. Bivugwa ko mu mwaka ugira gatandatu Abayuda bagumutse, Yozefu mwene Naqsan wo mu gisagara ca Masada, yahukanye na Miriyamu umukobwa wa Yonatani.