7 “Ukuzimu”—Imva rusangi y’abantu; Icobo

Ahantu 66 ijambo “ukuzimu” riboneka mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo

Ijambo “ukuzimu” (rihuye na Sheoli) riboneka incuro 66 mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ahakurikira: It 37:35; 42:38; 44:29, 31; Gh 16:30, 33; Gus 32:22; 1Sm 2:6; 2Sm 22:6; 1Bm 2:6, 9; Yb 7:9; 11:8; 14:13; 17:13, 16; 21:13; 24:19; 26:6; Zb 6:5; 9:17; 16:10; 18:5; 30:3; 31:17; 49:14, 14, 15; 55:15; 86:13; 88:3; 89:48; 116:3; 139:8; 141:7; Img 1:12; 5:5; 7:27; 9:18; 15:11, 24; 23:14; 27:20; 30:16; Ums 9:10; Ind 8:6; Yes 5:14; [7:11]; Yes 14:9, 11, 15; 28:15, 18; 38:10, 18; 57:9; Ezk 31:15, 16, 17; 32:21, 27; Hs 13:14, 14; Am 9:2; Yn 2:2; Hab 2:5.

Ahantu ijambo “ukuzimu” (rihuye na Sheoli) riboneka mu Vyanditswe vy’igiheburayo hahuye n’incuro 65 riboneka muri Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, 1977, be n’incuro imwe muri Yes 7:11. Hose, Bibiliya y’isi nshasha ikoresha “ukuzimu” kw’ijambo ry’igiheburayo sheʼohlʹ. Impinduro y’ikigiriki yitwa Septante muri rusangi ihindura ijambo sheʼohlʹ ngo haiʹdes.

Naho hagiye haratangwa amavuga atari make bivugwa ko ari yo ijambo ry’igiheburayo sheʼohlʹ ryakomotsemwo, biboneka ko ryakomotse mu rivuga ry’igiheburayo שׁאל (sha·ʼalʹ ), risobanura “gusaba.” Ivyo vyoca vyerekana ko ukuzimu ari ikibanza (atari imero) gisaba ko bose ata wuvuyemwo bajayo, kubera ko kwakira muri kwo abantu bose bapfuye. Ukwo kuzimu kuri indani mu butaka, kandi kwama gukoreshwa ku bijanye n’abapfuye, bigaca vyumvikana neza ko gusobanura imva rusangi abantu bose bajamwo, icobo, ikibanza co mw’isi kijamwo abapfuye (si mu kiyaga). Ijambo ry’igiheburayo qeʹver ryoryo risobanura imva y’umuntu ukwiwe canke ikibanza bamufubamwo.—It 23:4, 6, 9, 20.

Ahantu 10 ijambo “ukuzimu” riboneka mu Vyanditswe vy’ikigiriki

Ijambo “ukuzimu” (rihuye na Hadesi), irishobora kuba risobanura “ahantu hataboneka,” riboneka incuro 10 mu Vyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu muri Bibiliya y’isi nshasha, aho na ho hakaba ari muri Mt 11:23; 16:18; Lk 10:15; 16:23; Ivk 2:27, 31; Ivy 1:18; 6:8; 20:13, 14.

Mu Ivk 2:27, amajambo Petero yasubiyemwo yo muri Zb 16:10 arerekana ko “ukuzimu,” ari ryo Hadesi mu kigiriki canke Sheoli mu giheburayo, rikoreshwa bashaka kuvuga imva rusangi abantu bajamwo (bikaba bihushanye n’ijambo ry’ikigiriki taʹphos, risobanura imva y’umuntu ukwiwe). Ijambo ry’ikilatini rihuye na Hadesi ni in·ferʹnus (rimwe na rimwe rikavugwa ngo inʹfe·rus). Risobanura “ikiryamye munsi; ikibanza c’epfo,” rikaba rihuye neza n’icobo. Ku bw’ivyo rero, ni ijambo ryababa neza iryo jambo ry’ikigiriki n’iry’igiheburayo.

Mu Vyanditswe vyahumetswe, “ukuzimu” (Sheoli mu giheburayo na Hadesi mu kigiriki) rikoreshwa ku bijanye n’urupfu be n’abapfuye, ntirikoreshwa ku bijanye n’ubuzima be n’abazima. (Ivy 20:13) Iryo jambo ubwaryo nta ciyumviro na gitoyi c’umunezero canke c’umubabaro riserura.