Ese wari ubizi?
Ahasuwerusi umwami w’Ubuperesi uvugwa muri Bibiliya mu gitabo cya Esiteri, yari muntu ki?
▪ Nk’uko igitabo cya Esiteri kibivuga, Ahasuwerusi yatoranyije umukobwa w’Umuyahudi ngo abe umwamikazi, kandi uwo mukobwa ni na we watumye bene wabo barokoka jenoside yari igiye kubakorerwa. Hashize igihe kinini intiti zitavuga rumwe kuri Ahasuwerusi, umwami w’Ubuperesi uvugwa muri Bibiliya. Icyakora icyo kibazo cyabaye nk’ikibonewe igisubizo igihe basomaga, kandi bagasobanukirwa inyandiko zo ku bibumbano by’Abaperesi ziri mu ndimi eshatu. Ibyo byatumye bemera ko Ahasuwerusi ari we Xerxès wa I, umuhungu wa Dariyo Mukuru (Hystaspis). Uburyo izina Xerxès ryandikwa mu nyandiko z’Abaperesi, iyo rihinduwe mu giheburayo, rijya gusa n’uko ryanditse mu mwandiko w’igiheburayo wo mu gitabo cya Esiteri.
Ibintu byose bivugwa mu gitabo cya Esiteri birebana na Ahasuwerusi, bihuje n’izo nyandiko zavumbuwe. Ubwami bwe bwaheraga mu murwa mukuru w’i Shushani, muri Elamu, bugakomeza no mu Bumedi, bukongera bugahera mu Buhindi bukagera mu birwa byo mu nyanja ya Mediterane (Esiteri 1:2, 3; 8:9; 10:1). Intiti yitwa Lewis Bayles Paton, yaravuze ati “ibyo nta wundi mwami w’Abaperesi bivugwaho uretse Xerxès. Nanone ibivugwa kuri Ahasuwerusi, mu gitabo cya Esiteri, na byo bihuza neza neza n’ibyo Hérodote n’abandi bahanga mu by’amateka banditse kuri Xerxès.”
Ni iki gihamya ko muri Egiputa babumbaga amatafari?
▪ Igitabo cyo muri Bibiliya cyo Kuva kivuga ko Abanyeputa bagize Abaheburayo abacakara kugira ngo bajye babumba amatafari. Hari umubare w’amatafari abo baretwa bagombaga kubumba buri munsi, kandi ayo matafari bayabumbishaga ibumba rivanze n’ibyatsi.—Kuva 1:14; 5:10-14.
Mu bihe bya Bibiliya, kubumba amatafari byari mu bintu by’ingenzi byakorerwaga mu kibaya cy’uruzi rwa Nili. Kugeza ubu muri Egiputa haracyari amazu ya kera yubakishije amatafari. Urugero, mu mugi wa Thèbes hari urukuta rwo mu mva ya Rekhmire rwubatswe mu kinyejana cya 15 Mbere ya Yesu, rushushanyijeho uko babumbaga amatafari. Ibivugwa mu gitabo cyo Kuva na byo byanditswe ahagana muri icyo kinyejana.
Hari igitabo cyasobanuye ibishushanyije kuri urwo rukuta kigira kiti “bavomaga amazi mu kidendezi, bagakata urwondo bakoresheje isuka, maze urwondo rwamara kunoga bakarushyira ahantu babumbiraga amatafari. Bafataga iforoma yabaga ikozwe mu giti, bakayitereka hasi, bagatsindagiramo rwa rwondo. Nyuma bazamuraga iyo foroma, hasi hagasigara itafari rigitose, rikaza kumishwa n’izuba. Babumbaga amatafari menshi cyane ari ku murongo, yamara kuma neza bakagenda bayagerekeranya kugira ngo bazayakoreshe. Kugeza n’ubu mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ni uko babumba amatafari.”
Inyandiko zitandukanye zanditswe ku mpapuro zikozwe mu mfunzo zo mu kinyagihumbi cya kabiri Mbere ya Yesu, zigaragaza ko kubumba amatafari byakorwaga n’abagaragu, bakayabumbisha ibyatsi n’ibumba, kandi ko hari umubare w’amatafari abo bagaragu bagombaga kubumba buri munsi.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 22]
Ishusho ikozwe mu ibuye ya Xerxes (ahagaze) n’iya Dariyo mukuru (yicaye)
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
Werner Forman/Art Resource, NY
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 22]
Ibishushanyije ku rukuta rwo mu mva ya rekhmire
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY