Igice cya 33

Urubanza rwa maraya w’akahebwe

Iyerekwa rya 11​—Ibyahishuwe 17:1-18

Ibivugwamo: Babuloni Ikomeye yicaye ku nyamaswa itukura, inyamaswa yaje kuyihindukirana ikayirimbura

Igihe cy’isohozwa: Kuva mu mwaka wa 1919 kugeza ku mubabaro ukomeye

1. Ni iki umwe muri ba bamarayika barindwi yahishuriye Yohana?

UMUJINYA ukiranuka wa Yehova ugomba gusukwa wose, ni ukuvuga inzabya ndwi zawo! Igihe marayika wa gatandatu yasukaga urwabya rwe ahahoze Babuloni ya kera, ibyo byashushanyaga neza icyago cyatejwe Babuloni Ikomeye mu gihe ibintu bigenda bikurikirana byihuta byerekeza ku ntambara ya nyuma ya Harimagedoni (Ibyahishuwe 16:1, 12, 16). Birashoboka ko uwo mumarayika ari na we uhishura impamvu n’uburyo Yehova asohozamo imanza ze zikiranuka. Yohana yatangajwe cyane n’ibyo yumvise kandi yabonye nyuma yaho, nk’uko abitubwira agira ati “haza umwe wo muri ba bamarayika barindwi bari bafite za nzabya ndwi arambwira ati ‘ngwino nkwereke iteka maraya ukomeye azacirwaho, yicara ku mazi menshi. Ni we abami bo mu isi basambanaga na we, abari mu isi bagasinda inzoga ari zo busambanyi bwe.’”​—Ibyahishuwe 17:1, 2.

2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko ‘maraya ukomeye’ (a) atari Roma ya kera? (b) atari ubucuruzi bukomeye? (c) ari urugaga rw’amadini?

² “Maraya ukomeye”! Kuki yiswe izina riteye ishozi bene ako kageni? Ariko se ni nde? Bamwe bavuze ko uwo maraya w’ikigereranyo yari Roma ya kera. Ariko kandi, Roma yari ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki. Uwo maraya asambana n’abami bo mu isi, kandi uko bigaragara hakubiyemo n’abami ba Roma. Ikindi kandi, bivugwa ko nyuma yo kurimbuka kwe “abami bo mu isi” bari kumuborogera. Ubwo rero, ntashobora kuba ari ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki (Ibyahishuwe 18:9, 10). Byongeye kandi, kuba abatunzi bo mu isi na bo bamuririra, ntashobora kuba agereranya ubucuruzi bukomeye (Ibyahishuwe 18:15, 16). Ahubwo, dusoma ko ‘amahanga yose yayobejwe n’uburozi bwe’ (Ibyahishuwe 18:23). Ibyo bigaragaza neza ko uwo maraya ukomeye agomba kuba ari urugaga rw’amadini yo ku isi hose.

3. (a) Kuki maraya ukomeye agomba kuba agereranya ikirenze Kiliziya Gatolika y’i Roma cyangwa amadini yiyita aya gikristo yose? (b) Ni izihe nyigisho z’i Babuloni ziboneka mu menshi mu madini y’i Burasirazuba ndetse no mu dutsiko tw’amadini yiyita aya gikristo? (c) Ni iki Karidinali Newman yiyemereye ku byerekeye inkomoko y’inyigisho nyinshi, imihango n’imigenzo yo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo? (Reba ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji.)

³ Ariko se urwo rugaga rw’amadini ni iki? Ese yaba ari Kiliziya Gatolika y’i Roma nk’uko bamwe babyemeza? Cyangwa se ni amadini yose yiyita aya gikristo? Oya, Babuloni Ikomeye igomba kuba yagutse kurushaho kuko iyobya amahanga yose. Mu by’ukuri, ni ubutware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma. Ikomoka mu nyigisho z’amayobera z’i Babuloni. Ibyo bigaragazwa n’uko inyigisho nyinshi za Babuloni n’imigenzo yayo bihuriweho n’amadini yo hirya no hino ku isi. Urugero, imyizerere ivuga ko ubugingo bw’umuntu budapfa, kubabarizwa mu muriro w’iteka n’iy’ubutatu bw’imana, iboneka mu madini menshi y’i Burasirazuba kimwe no mu dutsiko tw’amadini yiyita aya gikristo. Idini ry’ikinyoma ryatangiriye mu mugi wa kera wa Babuloni, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka isaga 4.000, ryaragutse none ubu ryabaye rinini bikabije ku buryo bikwiriye ko ryitwa Babuloni Ikomeye.a Ariko se kuki ifite izina riteye ishozi rya ‘maraya ukomeye’?

4. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo Abisirayeli ba kera basambanye? (b) Babuloni Ikomeye yasambanye mu buhe buryo bugaragara?

⁴ Babuloni (cyangwa Babeli, bisobanurwa ngo “Urujijo”) yaje gukomera cyane mu gihe cya Nebukadinezari. Yari leta ikomatanyije idini na politiki kandi yari ifite insengero nini n’intoya zirenga igihumbi. Abatambyi bayo bari bafite ububasha bukomeye. Nubwo hashize igihe kirekire Babuloni itakiri ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi, Babuloni Ikomeye yo mu buryo bw’idini yo iracyariho na n’ubu, kandi kimwe n’iya kera, iracyashakisha ukuntu yagira ijambo mu bikorwa bya gipolitiki cyangwa ikabiyobora. Ariko se Imana yemera ko idini ryivanga muri politiki? Mu Byanditswe bya Giheburayo, Abisirayeli bavugwagaho ko babaga basambanye, iyo bagiraga uruhare mu gusenga kw’ikinyoma no mu gihe babaga bagiranye amasezerano n’amahanga, aho kwiringira Yehova (Yeremiya 3:6, 8, 9; Ezekiyeli 16:28-30). Babuloni Ikomeye na yo irasambana. Igitangaje, ni uko yagiye ikora uko ishoboye kose kugira ngo igire uruhare n’ububasha ku bami bategeka iyi si.​—1 Timoteyo 4:1.

5. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo abayobozi b’amadini bakunda kwibonekeza? (b) Kuki kwifuza kuba umuntu ukomeye mu isi binyuranye cyane n’amagambo ya Yesu Kristo?

⁵ Muri iki gihe, abayobozi b’amadini bakunze kwiyamamariza imyanya y’ubutegetsi ikomeye, kandi mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, bagira uruhare muri guverinoma ndetse bagahabwa imyanya ya ba minisitiri. Mu mwaka wa 1988, abapasiteri babiri bazwi cyane b’Abaporotesitanti biyamamarije umwanya wo kuba perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Abayobozi ba Babuloni Ikomeye bakunda kwibonekeza. Amafoto yabo agaragara kenshi mu binyamakuru bari kumwe n’abanyapolitiki bakomeye. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, Yesu yirinze kwivanga muri politiki, kandi ku birebana n’abigishwa be, yaravuze ati “si ab’isi nk’uko nanjye ntari uw’isi.”​—Yohana 6:15; 17:16; Matayo 4:8-10; nanone reba Yakobo 4:4.

‘Ubusambanyi’ bwe muri iki gihe

6, 7. (a) Ni gute ishyaka rya Nazi rya Hitileri ryageze ku butegetsi mu Budage? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo amasezerano Vatikani yagiranye n’u Budage bw’Abanazi yafashije Hitileri mu mihati ye yo guhatanira gutegeka isi?

⁶ Maraya ukomeye yateje abantu imibabaro itarondoreka, bitewe no kwivanga muri politiki. Reka dufate urugero rw’ibyabaye byatumye Hitileri afata ubutegetsi mu Budage. Ibyo bintu biragayitse cyane ku buryo hari bamwe bakwishimira kubona bihanaguwe mu bitabo by’amateka. Muri Gicurasi 1924, ishyaka rya Nazi ryari rifite intebe 32 mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Budage. Muri Gicurasi 1928, ryari risigaranye intebe 12 gusa. Ariko kandi mu mwaka wa 1930, isi yahungabanyijwe cyane n’igwa ry’ubukungu rikomeye, bituma ishyaka rya Nazi rizanzamuka mu buryo butangaje, ku buryo ryegukanye intebe 230 kuri 608 mu matora yabaye muri Nyakanga 1932 mu Budage. Nyuma yaho gato, uwahoze ari minisitiri w’intebe Franz Von Papen, igisonga cya Papa, yateye inkunga ishyaka rya Nazi. Nk’uko abanditsi b’amateka babivuga, Von Papen yifuzaga kugera ku cyo bise Ubwami Butagatifu Bushya bw’Abaroma. Kubera ko igihe gito yari amaze ari minisitiri w’intebe nta cyo cyari cyamugejejeho, noneho yari yiringiye ko yari kuzagira ububasha binyuze ku ishyaka rya Nazi. Muri Mutarama 1933, yari amaze kubonera Hitileri inkunga y’abanyenganda bakomeye, maze akoresheje ubutiriganya, atuma Hitileri aba minisitiri w’intebe w’u Budage ku itariki ya 30 Mutarama 1933. Na we ubwe yahawe umwanya wa minisitiri w’intebe wungirije, maze Hitileri aramwifashisha kugira ngo abone inkunga y’intara z’u Budage zari ziganjemo Abagatolika. Hatarashira amezi abiri Hitileri afashe ubutegetsi, yasheshe Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, abategetsi ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bamurwanyaga abajyana mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, maze atangira gutoteza Abayahudi ku mugaragaro.

⁷ Ku itariki ya 20 Nyakanga 1933, ubutegetsi bw’i Vatikani bwagaragaje ko bwari bushishikajwe no gukomera kw’ishyaka rya Nazi, ubwo i Roma, Karidinali Pacelli (waje kuba Papa Piyo wa 12 nyuma yaho) yashyiraga umukono ku masezerano hagati ya Vatikani n’u Budage bwa Nazi. Von Papen ni we washyize umukono kuri iyo nyandiko mu izina rya Hitileri, maze Pacelli yambika Von Papen umudari wo mu rwego rwo hejuru utangwa n’abapapa.b Uwitwa Tabor Koeves yanditse iby’iyo nkuru agira ati “ayo masezerano yabaye ugutsinda gukomeye kwa Hitileri. Byamubereye inkunga yo kumushyigikira mu bitekerezo, inkunga y’ibanze mu zo yabonye ziturutse mu bindi bihugu, kandi ikaba yari iturutse ahantu h’icyubahiro kurusha ahandi” (Satan in Top Hat). Ayo masezerano yasabaga Vatikani kureka gushyigikira ishyaka ry’Ubumwe bw’Abagatolika ryo mu Budage, bityo ikaba yemeye “leta y’igihugu” iyobowe n’ishyaka rimwe rukumbi rya Hitileri.c Byongeye kandi, ingingo ya 14 y’ayo masezerano yaravugaga ngo “ishyirwaho ry’abarikiyepisikopi n’abasenyeri, n’irindi shyirwaho iryo ari ryo ryose, rizaba ryemewe ari uko uhagarariye Repubulika abanje kureba neza ko iryo shyirwaho nta cyo rikemangwaho ku birebana na politiki muri rusange.” Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1933 (wiswe “Umwaka Mutagatifu” na Papa Piyo wa 11), inkunga ya Vatikani yari ifite uruhare runini mu byatumye Hitileri ahatanira gutegeka isi.

8, 9. (a) Vatikani hamwe na Kiliziya gatolika n’abayobozi bayo bagaragaje iyihe myifatire mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bw’ishyaka rya Nazi? (b) Ni ayahe magambo yavuzwe n’abasenyeri b’Abagatolika b’Abadage igihe Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yatangiraga? (c) Imishyikirano y’amadini na politiki yagize izihe ngaruka?

⁸ Nubwo hari abapadiri n’ababikira bake barwanyije amarorerwa Hitileri yakoraga, ndetse bikabaviramo kubabazwa, Vatikani hamwe na Kiliziya Gatolika, ndetse n’ingabo zayo zigizwe n’abakuru b’idini, bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bw’ishyaka rya Nazi ku mugaragaro cyangwa mu buryo bufifitse, bakaba barabonaga ko ari nk’urukuta rukumira ubukomunisiti kugira ngo budakwira ku isi. Papa Piyo wa 12, yiyicariye i Vatikani mu mutuzo, yaretse itsembatsemba ry’Abayahudi ribaho, hamwe n’itotezwa rya kinyamaswa ry’Abahamya ba Yehova ndetse n’abandi bantu, ntiyabyamagana. Biteye isoni kubona Papa Yohana wa 2, mu gihe yari mu Budage muri Gicurasi 1987, ashimagiza umupadiri umwe rukumbi warwanyije politiki ya Nazi abikuye ku mutima. Abandi bayobozi b’idini bo mu Budage babariwa mu bihumbi bakoraga iki mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’iterabwoba bwa Hitileri? Urwandiko rw’ubushumba rwanditswe n’abasenyeri b’Abagatolika bo mu Budage muri Nzeri 1939, igihe Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yatangiraga, rufite icyo ruhishura kuri iyo ngingo. Bimwe mu byo ruvuga ni ibi: “muri iki gihe gikomeye, abasirikare bacu b’Abagatolika barasabwa kurangiza umurimo wabo bumvira Führer no kuba biteguye kwitangaho igitambo. Tuributsa umuyoboke wese kwifatanya natwe mu gusengana umwete kugira ngo ubuntu bw’Imana bwerekeze iyi ntambara ku gutsinda kwahawe umugisha.”

⁹ Ubwo buryo Kiliziya Gatolika ikoresha mu birebana n’ububanyi n’amahanga, bugaragaza neza ubusambanyi amadini yakoze mu myaka isaga 4.000 ishize, yikundisha ku butegetsi bwa gipolitiki kugira ngo yibonere ububasha n’izindi nyungu. Iyo mishyikirano hagati ya politiki n’amadini yakururiye abantu intambara, gutotezwa n’imibabaro mu rugero runini cyane. Mbega ukuntu abantu banezezwa n’uko Yehova ari hafi gusohoza urubanza yaciriye maraya ukomeye! Iyaba rwasohozwaga vuba!

Yicaye ku mazi menshi

10. ’Amazi menshi’ Babuloni Ikomeye yishingikirizaho kugira ngo ayirinde ni iki, kandi se ni iki kirimo kiyabaho?

¹⁰ Babuloni ya kera yari yubatse ku mazi menshi, ari yo ruzi rwa Ufurate n’imigende myinshi. Ayo mazi yarayirindaga, ndetse yari n’isoko y’ubucuruzi bukomeye, kugeza igihe yakamirijwe mu ijoro rimwe (Yeremiya 50:38; 51:9, 12, 13). Babuloni Ikomeye na yo yishingikiriza ku “mazi menshi” ngo yirinde kandi yikungahaze. Ayo mazi y’ikigereranyo ni ‘amoko n’amateraniro y’abantu n’amahanga n’indimi,’ ni ukuvuga abantu babarirwa muri za miriyari yigaruriye kandi ikomoraho inkunga mu by’ubutunzi. Ariko ayo mazi na yo arimo arakama, cyangwa akaba arimo areka kuyishyigikira.​—Ibyahishuwe 17:15; gereranya na Zaburi 18:5; Yesaya 8:7.

11. (a) Ni gute Babuloni ya kera ‘yasindishije isi yose’? (b) Ni gute Babuloni Ikomeye ‘yasindishije isi yose’?

¹¹ Byongeye kandi, Babuloni ya kera yagaragajwe ‘nk’igikombe cya zahabu mu ntoki z’Uwiteka, cyasindishaga isi yose’ (Yeremiya 51:7). Babuloni ya kera yahatiye amahanga yari ayegereye kunywa ibikorwa by’umujinya wa Yehova igihe yayigaruriraga ikoresheje imbaraga za gisirikare, ikayanegekaza ikayahindura nk’abasinzi. Muri ibyo bikorwa yari nk’igikoresho cya Yehova. Babuloni Ikomeye na yo yagiye inesha, kugeza ubwo yahindutse ubwami bugari bwo ku isi hose. Ariko yo si igikoresho cy’Imana rwose. Ahubwo yakoreye “abami bo mu isi,” ari na bo basambana na yo mu buryo bw’idini. Yashimishije abo bami binyuze mu gukoresha inyigisho zayo z’ikinyoma n’imigenzo yayo ibata abantu, kugira ngo itume abantu benshi, ni ukuvuga “abari mu isi,” bakomeza kugira intege nke nk’abasinzi, kugeza ubwo bumvira abayobozi babo nk’abaretwa.

12. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo igice kimwe cya Babuloni Ikomeye cyo mu Buyapani cyishyizeho umwenda wo kumena amaraso menshi mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo ‘amazi’ yari ashyigikiye Babuloni Ikomeye mu Buyapani yakamye, kandi se ingaruka zabaye izihe?

¹² Kuri ibyo, idini rya Shinto ryo mu Buyapani ritanga urugero rugaragara. Ku musirikare w’Umuyapani wacengewemo n’amatwara y’idini, gupfira umwami w’abami ari na we mana nkuru y’idini rya Shinto, byari icyubahiro gihanitse. Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, abasirikare bagera kuri 1.500.000 b’Abayapani baguye ku rugamba, kandi kuri bose cyangwa hafi ya bose, kugamburura byari igisebo. Ariko u Buyapani bumaze gutsindwa, Umwami w’Abami Hirohito, yahatiwe guhakana ubumana bwe. Ibyo byatumye “amazi” menshi yari ashyigikiye Shinto, kimwe mu bice bigize Babuloni Ikomeye, agabanuka. Ariko ibyo byabaye idini rya Shinto rimaze gutera inkunga igikorwa cyo kumena imivu y’amaraso cyaranze intambara yo mu nyanja ya Pasifika. Uko gutakaza imbaraga kw’idini rya Shinto kwatumye mu myaka ya vuba Abayapani basaga 200.000, abenshi muri bo bakaba barahoze mu idini rya Shinto cyangwa rya Boudha, bitanga barabatizwa maze baba abakozi b’Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga Yehova.

Maraya wicaye ku nyamaswa

13. Ni ibihe bintu bitangaje Yohana yabonye igihe marayika yamujyanaga mu butayu ari mu mwuka?

¹³ Ni iki kindi ubuhanuzi buduhishurira ku birebana na maraya ukomeye n’amaherezo ye? Hari ibindi bintu bitangaje bigiye gukurikiraho, nk’uko Yohana abitubwira agira ati “anjyana mu butayu ndi mu mwuka, mbona umugore yicaye ku nyamaswa itukura yuzuye amazina yo gutuka Imana, ifite imitwe irindwi n’amahembe cumi.”​—Ibyahishuwe 17:3.

14. Kuki byari bikwiriye ko Yohana ajyanwa mu butayu?

¹⁴ Kuki Yohana yajyanywe mu butayu? Urubanza rwari rwaciriwe Babuloni ya kera mbere y’icyo gihe, rwiswe “ibihanurirwa ubutayu bw’inyanja” (Yesaya 21:1, 9). Ibyo byatanze umuburo ukwiriye, ugaragaza ko nubwo Babuloni ya kera yari ifite uburinzi bwa ya mazi yayo yose, yari guhinduka ikidaturwa kitagira ubuzima. Byari bikwiriye rero ko Yohana ajyanwa mu butayu kugira ngo arebe amaherezo ya Babuloni Ikomeye. Na yo igomba guhindurwa umusaka n’ikidaturwa (Ibyahishuwe 18:19, 22, 23). Yohana yatangajwe cyane n’ibyo yabonye! Uwo maraya ukomeye ntiyari wenyine! Yari yicaye ku nyamaswa iteye ukwayo!

15. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’inyamaswa ivugwa mu Byahishuwe 13:1 n’ivugwa mu Byahishuwe 17:3?

¹⁵ Iyo nyamaswa ifite imitwe irindwi n’amahembe cumi. Yaba se ari ya nyamaswa Yohana yari yabonye mbere, na yo yari ifite imitwe irindwi n’amahembe cumi (Ibyahishuwe 13:1)? Oya, izo nyamaswa ziratandukanye. Ivugwa hano iratukura, kandi mu buryo butandukanye n’iya mbere, ntivugwaho ko ifite ibisingo. Kandi aho kugira ngo ku mitwe yayo irindwi abe ari ho honyine haba amazina yo gutuka Imana, ‘yuzuye amazina yo gutuka Imana.’ Icyakora hagomba kuba hari isano hagati y’iyo nyamaswa nshya n’iyibanziriza. Mu by’ukuri, zirasa mu buryo bugaragara cyane ku buryo tutavuga ko ari ukuba zisa ibi byo guhurirana gutya gusa.

16. Inyamaswa itukura ni iki, kandi se intego yayo yari iyihe?

¹⁶ None se, iyo nyamaswa nshya itukura ni iki? Igomba kuba ari igishushanyo cy’inyamaswa cyakozwe biturutse ku nyamaswa igereranya u Bwongereza na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ifite amahembe abiri nk’ay’umwana w’intama. Icyo gishushanyo cy’inyamaswa kimaze gukorwa, iyo nyamaswa y’amahembe abiri yemerewe kugiha umwuka (Ibyahishuwe 13:14, 15). Ubu noneho Yohana abona icyo gishushanyo ari kizima, gihumeka. Kigereranya Umuryango w’Amahanga ya nyamaswa y’amahembe abiri yashyizeho mu mwaka wa 1920. Uwari Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika witwaga Wilson yabonaga ko uwo muryango wari kuba “ihuriro ryo kuzana ubutabera ku bantu bose no gutuma hatongera kubaho intambara ukundi.” Igihe iyo nyamaswa yongeraga kubaho nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, ikaza yitwa Umuryango w’Abibumbye, intego yayo yari iyo “kubumbatira amahoro n’umutekano mu mahanga yose.”

17. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo inyamaswa itukura y’ikigereranyo yuzuye amazina yo gutuka Imana? (b) Ni nde wicaye ku nyamaswa itukura? (c) Ni mu buhe buryo amadini akomoka i Babuloni yifatanyije n’Umuryango w’Amahanga, ndetse n’uwawusimbuye kuva ugitangira?

¹⁷ Ni mu buhe buryo iyo nyamaswa y’ikigereranyo yuzuye amazina yo gutuka Imana? Ni mu buryo bw’uko abantu bashyizeho icyo kigirwamana mpuzamahanga bakagisimbuza Ubwami bw’Imana, kugira ngo gisohoze ibyo Imana ivuga ko bishobora kugerwaho n’Ubwami bwayo bwonyine (Daniyeli 2:44; Matayo 12:18, 21). Igitangaje cyane muri iryo yerekwa rya Yohana ariko, ni uko Babuloni Ikomeye yicaye kuri iyo nyamaswa itukura. Mu buryo buhuje n’ubuhanuzi, amadini akomoka i Babuloni, ariko cyane cyane amadini yiyita aya gikristo, yifatanyije n’Umuryango w’Amahanga, na nyuma yaho yifatanya n’uwawusimbuye. Guhera ku itariki ya 18 Ukuboza 1918, inteko ubu yitwa Inama y’Igihugu y’Amatorero ya Kristo yo muri Amerika, yafashe umwanzuro uvugwamo ibi bikurikira: “Umuryango nk’uwo si uburyo bw’imikorere ya gipolitiki gusa, ahubwo ni ukwiyerekana k’Ubwami bw’Imana ku isi mu buryo bwa gipolitiki. . . . Kiliziya ishobora kugaragaza umwuka w’ubufatanye, naho ubundi nta Muryango w’Amahanga n’umwe washobora kuramba. . . . Umuryango w’Amahanga ushingiye ku ivanjiri. Kimwe n’Ivanjiri, intego yawo ni ukubungabunga ‘amahoro ku isi, no gushakira abantu icyatuma bamererwa neza.’”

18. Ni gute abakuru b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo bagaragaje ko bashyigikiye Umuryango w’Amahanga?

¹⁸ Ku itariki ya 2 Mutarama 1919, hari ikinyamakuru cyasohotse kiriho umutwe uvuga ngo “Papa araharanira ko Umuryango w’Amahanga wa Wilson wemerwa” (San Francisco Chronicle). Ku itariki ya 16 Ukwakira 1919, hari icyifuzo cyashyizweho umukono n’abakuru b’amadini akomeye bagera ku 14.450, maze gishyikirizwa Sena ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika kiyisaba “kwemeza amasezerano y’i Paris yateganyaga ishyirwaho ry’Umuryango w’Amahanga.” Nubwo Sena ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika itigeze yemeza ayo masezerano, abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo bakomeje kwamamaza Umuryango w’Amahanga. Ni gute uwo Muryango watangijwe? Itangazo ryasohotse mu kinyamakuru ryo ku itariki ya 15 Ugushyingo 1920 ryandikiwe mu Busuwisi, ryagiraga riti “itangizwa ry’inama ya mbere y’Umuryango w’Amahanga rimaze gutangazwa muri iki gitondo saa tanu, hakoreshejwe inzogera zo muri za kiliziya zose z’i Genève.”

19. Ni ikihe gikorwa abagize itsinda rya Yohana bakoze igihe inyamaswa itukura yadukaga?

¹⁹ Ese abo mu itsinda rya Yohana, ari na ryo tsinda ryonyine hano ku isi ryemeye ritazuyaje ko Ubwami bwa Mesiya buri bugufi, baba barifatanyije n’amadini yiyita aya gikristo mu kuramya ya nyamaswa itukura? Ashwi da! Ahubwo mu ikoraniro ry’abagaragu ba Yehova ryabereye i Cedar Point, Ohio, ku Cyumweru tariki ya 7 Nzeri 1919, hari hateganyijwe disikuru y’abantu bose ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Ibyiringiro ku bantu bababaye.” Bukeye bwaho, hari ikinyamakuru cyatangaje ko, imbere y’abantu hafi 7.000, J. F. Rutherford, “yemeje ko Umuryango w’Amahanga utazabura kugerwaho n’uburakari bw’Umwami . . . bitewe n’uko abayobozi b’idini Gatolika n’ab’Abaporotesitanti, bavuga ko bahagarariye Imana, banze umugambi wayo maze bagashyigikira Umuryango w’Amahanga, bawushimagiza bavuga ko ari ukwiyerekana k’Ubwami bwa Kristo mu buryo bwa gipolitiki hano ku isi.”​—Sandusky Star-Journal.

20. Kuki igikorwa cy’abayobozi b’amadini cyo gushimagiza Umuryango w’Amahanga nk’aho ari “ukwiyerekana k’Ubwami bw’Imana mu buryo bwa gipolitiki hano ku isi,” ari igitutsi ku Mana?

²⁰ Kuba uwo Muryango w’Amahanga warananiwe gusohoza inshingano zawo, byagombye kuba byaragaragarije abakuru b’amadini ko imiryango nk’iyo yashinzwe n’abantu nta cyo ihuriyeho n’Ubwami bw’Imana ku isi. Mbega ukuntu ibyo ari ugutuka Imana! Byaba ari nko kumvikanisha ko Imana yagize uruhare muri uwo muryango wagaragaye ko wananiwe rwose kugera ku nshingano zawo. Nyamara ku ruhande rw’Imana ho, ‘umurimo wayo uratunganye.’ Kugira ngo Yehova azane amahoro kandi ibyo ashaka bibeho mu isi nk’uko biba mu ijuru, ntazifashisha ishyirahamwe ry’abanyapolitiki rirangwa n’ubwumvikane buke, ndetse abenshi muri bo bakaba batemera Imana, ahubwo azakoresha Ubwami bwe bwo mu ijuru buyobowe na Kristo.​—Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 32:4; Matayo 6:10.

21. Ni iki kigaragaza ko maraya ukomeye ashyigikira kandi agashimagiza Umuryango w’Abibumbye wasimbuye Umuryango w’Amahanga?

²¹ Bimeze bite se ku birebana n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye wasimbuye Umuryango w’Amahanga? Kuva ukimara kuvuka, maraya ukomeye yahise awicara ku mugongo, uko bigaragara akaba yari yifatanyije na wo kandi agerageza kuwuyobora awerekeza iyo ugana. Urugero, muri Kamena 1965, ku isabukuru yawo y’imyaka 20, intumwa za Kiliziya Gatolika, iza Kiliziya y’Aborutodogisi y’i Burasirazuba, iz’Abaporotesitanti, iz’idini ry’Abayahudi, iz’Abahindu, iz’Ababuda n’iz’Abisilamu, zari ziteraniye i San Francisco zitwa ko zihagarariye abantu bagera kuri miriyari ebyiri ku isi, kugira ngo zemeze mu ruhame ko zishyigikiye Umuryango w’Abibumbye, kandi ko ziwushima. Igihe Papa Pawulo wa 6 yasuraga icyicaro cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1965, yavuze ko uwo muryango ari “umuryango mpuzamahanga uruta iyindi yose,” ndetse yongeraho ati “abantu bo ku isi bisunga umuryango w’Abibumbye, kuko ari wo mizero ya nyuma y’ubwumvikane n’amahoro.” Undi mupapa witwa Yohana Pawulo wa 2, na we yasuye Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1979, maze atangariza imbere y’uwo muryango ati “niringiye ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye uzakomeza iteka kuba urubuga rw’ikirenga rw’amahoro n’ubutabera.” Ikigaragara ni uko Papa atigeze ahingutsa Yesu Kristo cyangwa Ubwami bw’Imana muri disikuru ye. Igihe yari yasuye Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika muri Nzeri 1987, hari ikinyamakuru cyagize kiti “Yohana Pawulo yibanze ku ruhare rwiza Umuryango w’Abibumbye wagira mu guteza imbere . . . ubufatanye mpuzamahanga bushya.”​—The New York Times.

Izina ry’amayoberane

22. (a) Ni inyamaswa bwoko ki maraya ukomeye yahisemo kugenderaho? (b) Ni gute Yohana avuga ibya maraya w’ikigereranyo, ari we Babuloni Ikomeye?

²² Intumwa Yohana ntiyatinze kumenya ko maraya ukomeye yahisemo kugendera ku nyamaswa iteje akaga. Mbere na mbere ariko, ibitekerezo bye yabyerekeje kuri Babuloni Ikomeye ubwayo. Yambaye imyenda ihenze cyane, ariko se mbega ukuntu iteye ishozi! “Uwo mugore yari yambaye umwenda w’umuhengeri n’uw’umuhemba. Yari arimbishijwe n’izahabu n’amabuye y’igiciro cyinshi n’imaragarita, mu ntoki ze yari afite igikombe cy’izahabu cyuzuye ibizira n’imyanda y’ubusambanyi bwe. Mu ruhanga rwe afite izina ry’amayoberane ryanditswe ngo ‘BABULONI IKOMEYE NYINA W’ABAMARAYA, KANDI NYINA W’IBIZIRA BYO MU ISI.’ Mbona ko uwo mugore asinze amaraso y’abera n’amaraso y’abahōwe Yesu.”​—Ibyahishuwe 17:4-6a.

23. Ni irihe zina ryuzuye rya Babuloni Ikomeye, kandi se risobanura iki?

²³ Nk’uko umuco w’Abaroma ba kera wari uri, uwo maraya yarangwaga n’izina ryari ku gahanga.d Ni izina rirerire rivuga ngo “Babuloni ikomeye, nyina w’abamaraya kandi nyina w’ibizira byose byo mu isi.” Kandi iryo zina ni “amayoberane,” bivuga ko hari ibindi bisobanuro byari biryihishe inyuma. Ariko mu gihe cyagenwe n’Imana, amayoberane agomba gusobanuka. Mu by’ukuri, marayika yahaye Yohana ibisobanuro bihagije, bifasha abagaragu ba Yehova muri iki gihe kumenya neza ibisobanuro by’iryo zina ry’ikigereranyo. Tuzi ko Babuloni Ikomeye ari amadini yose y’ibinyoma. Ni ‘nyina w’abamaraya,’ kubera ko amadini yose y’ibinyoma yo mu isi, hakubiyemo n’udutsiko twinshi twavutse mu madini yiyita aya gikristo, ameze nk’abakobwa bayo, kuko amwigana mu bikorwa bye byo gusambana mu buryo bw’umwuka. Nanone ni nyina “w’ibizira” mu buryo bw’uko yakomotsweho n’ibintu byose biteye ishozi, urugero nko gusenga ibigirwamana, ubupfumu, kuragura, kuragurisha inyenyeri, kuragurisha ikiganza, gutanga abantu ho ibitambo, ubusambanyi bwo mu nsengero, ibikorwa by’ubusinzi byubahisha imana z’ibinyoma, n’indi migenzo myinshi iteye ishozi.

24. Kuki bikwiriye ko Babuloni Ikomeye igaragazwa yambaye umwenda “w’umuhengeri n’uw’umuhemba,” kandi ikaba ‘irimbishijwe n’izahabu n’amabuye y’igiciro cyinshi n’imaragarita’?

²⁴ Babuloni Ikomeye yambaye umwenda w’“umuhengeri n’uw’umuhemba,” ayo akaba ari amabara ya cyami, kandi ‘yarimbishijwe n’izahabu n’amabuye y’igiciro cyinshi n’imaragarita.’ Mbega ukuntu ibyo bikwiriye! Tekereza byonyine ku nyubako zihanitse, ku mashusho n’amarangi bidasanzwe, amashusho y’agaciro kenshi n’ibindi bikoresho by’idini n’imitungo, n’amafaranga atabarika n’ibikingi bitagira ingano amadini y’isi yigwijeho. Byaba i Vatikani, byaba mu bwami bw’ivugabutumwa bukoresha televiziyo bufite icyicaro muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, cyangwa se mu bigo by’abihaye Imana no mu nsengero zihambaye z’i Burasirazuba, Babuloni Ikomeye yirundanyirije umutungo mwinshi, uretse ko hari n’igihe na yo ijya itakaza umutungo utangaje.

25. (a) Ni iki gishushanywa n’ibiri mu “gikombe cy’izahabu cyuzuye ibizira”? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo maraya ukomeye na we ubwe ari umusinzi?

²⁵ Reba noneho icyo maraya afashe mu ntoki ze. Yohana agomba kuba yarakibonye maze akikanga. Icyo kintu ni igikombe cya zahabu “cyuzuye ibizira n’imyanda y’ubusambanyi bwe”! Ni igikombe kirimo “inzoga, ari zo ruba ry’ubusambanyi bwe,” ari na zo yasindishije amahanga yose (Ibyahishuwe 14:8; 17:2). Iyo ukirebye inyuma ubona gifite agaciro kenshi, ariko ibirimo biteye ishozi, biranduye. (Gereranya na Matayo 23:25, 26.) Icyo gikombe cyuzuyemo imigenzo yose n’ibinyoma byose biteye ishozi maraya ukomeye yakoresheje mu gushukashuka amahanga kugira ngo ayigarurire. Ndetse igiteye ishozi kurushaho, Yohana yabonye ko maraya na we ubwe yari yasinze amaraso y’abagaragu b’Imana. Ibyo ni ko biri, kuko nyuma y’ibyo hari aho dusoma ngo ‘muri yo ni ho amaraso y’abahanuzi n’ay’abera n’abiciwe mu isi bose yabonetse’ (Ibyahishuwe 18:24). Mbega umwenda munini w’amaraso!

26. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Babuloni Ikomeye ibarwaho umwenda wo kumena amaraso?

²⁶ Mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi, ubutware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma bwamennye amaraso menshi cyane. Urugero, hagati y’ikinyejana cya 5 n’icya 15, mu Buyapani insengero z’i Kyoto zari zarahindutse ibigo by’imitamenwa, aho abarwanyi b’Abamwane barwaniraga intambara z’urudaca bambaza ‘izina rya Boudha,’ kugeza ubwo imihanda ihindurwa umutuku n’amaraso. Mu kinyejana cya 20, abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo bagiye batabarana n’ingabo z’ibihugu byabo, izo ngabo zikaba zaricanye mu mirwano yahitanye nibura abantu bagera kuri miriyoni ijana. Mu kwezi k’ukwakira 1987, Richard Nixon wahoze ari perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, yaravuze ati “ikinyejana cya 20 ni cyo cyamenetsemo amaraso menshi kurusha ibindi byose mu mateka. Intambara zo muri iki kinyejana zahitanye abantu benshi kurusha izindi zose zabaye mbere y’uko gitangira.” Amadini y’isi yaciriweho iteka n’Imana kubera ko yifatanyije muri ibyo bikorwa byo kumena amaraso. Yehova yanga “amaboko avusha amaraso y’utariho urubanza” (Imigani 6:16, 17). Mbere gato, Yohana yari yumvise ijwi rivuye ku gicaniro rigira riti “uzageza he kudaca amateka no kudahora abari mu isi, uhorere amaraso yacu?” (Ibyahishuwe 6:10). Babuloni Ikomeye, nyina w’abamaraya n’ibizira byo mu isi, izaba ikomerewe mu buryo bwihariye igihe cyo gusubiza icyo kibazo nikigera.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

“Yehova Ushoborabyose” ntiyejeje ibyo bikorwa byo gusenga ibigirwamana. Ahubwo yihanangiriza Abakristo agira ati “muve hagati yabo kandi mwitandukanye na bo, . . . kandi ntimukongere gukora ku kintu gihumanye.”​—2 Abakorinto 6:14-18, NW.

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 237]

Churchill ashyira ahagaragara ibikorwa bya ‘Maraya’

Mu gitabo Winston Churchill yanditse mu mwaka wa 1948, yavuze ko Hitileri yohereje Franz Von Papen kuba ambasaderi w’u Budage i Vienne kugira ngo “arebe ukuntu abategetsi bakomeye bo muri Otirishiya batakarizwa icyizere cyangwa bagashyigikira u Budage.” Churchill yasubiye mu magambo yavuzwe na ambasaderi wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika i Vienne ku byerekeye Von Papen agira ati “Papen yambwiye yishongora cyane ko . . . yari afite umugambi wo gukoresha icyubahiro yakeshaga kuba yari azwiho ko ari Umugatolika mwiza kugira ngo yigarurire abaturage bo muri Otirishiya, urugero nka Karidinali Innitzer.”​—L’orage approche (1948).

Otirishiya imaze kwemera ko itsinzwe, n’igihe ingabo za Hitileri za kabuhariwe mu kugaba ibitero zari zimaze kwinjira i Vienne, Karidinali Innitzer w’Umugatolika yategetse ko za kiliziya zose zo muri Otirishiya zizamura ibendera rya Hitileri, zikavuza inzogera kandi zigasabira Adolf Hitileri zizihiza isabukuru y’ivuka rye.

[Agasanduku/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 238]

Aya magambo akurikira yasohotse mu nyandiko ya mbere y’ikinyamakuru kimwe cyasohotse ku itariki ya 7 Ukuboza 1941, ari na yo tariki igihugu cy’u Buyapani cyari ku ruhande rw’u Budage bwa Nazi cyagabaga igitero i Pearl Harbor.—The New York Times

‘WAR PRAYER’ FOR REICH

Catholic Bishops at Fulda Ask Blessing and Victory

By Telephone to THE NEW YORK TIMES

FULDA, Germany, Dec. 6

The Conference of German Catholic Bishops assembled in Fulda has recommended the introduction of a special “war prayer” which is to be read at the beginning and end of all divine services.

The prayer implores Providence to bless German arms with victory and grant protection to the lives and health of all soldiers. The Bishops further instructed Catholic clergy to keep and remember in a special Sunday sermon at least once a month German soldiers “on land, on sea and in the air.”

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 244]

“Amazina yo gutuka Imana”

Igihe inyamaswa ifite amahembe abiri yatangaga igitekerezo gishyigikira ishyirwaho ry’Umuryango w’Amahanga nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, abasambane bayo benshi b’abanyamadini bahise bemera gushyigikira uwo muryango mu rwego rw’idini. Nguko uko uwo muryango mushya w’amahoro waje kuba umuryango wuzuye “amazina yo gutuka Imana.”

“Ubukristo bushobora gushyigikira uwo muryango [w’amahanga] no kuwongerera imbaraga, bityo bugatuma ayo masezerano ataba inyandiko yo ku rupapuro gusa, ahubwo akaba igikoresho cy’ubwami bw’Imana.”​—The Christian Century, U.S.A., tariki ya 19 Kamena 1919, ipaji ya 15.

“Igitekerezo cyo gushyiraho Umuryango w’Amahanga ni igitekerezo cyagutse cy’Ubwami bw’Imana mu birebana n’imibanire mpuzamahanga, iyo ikaba ari gahunda y’isi ishingiye ku neza . . . Ni cyo Abakristo bose baba basaba iyo basenga bagira bati ‘ubwami bwawe buze.’”​—The Christian Century, U.S.A., tariki ya 25 Nzeri 1919, ku ipaji ya 7.

“Ubumwe bw’Umuryango w’Amahanga, bushingiye ku maraso ya Kristo.”​—Dr. Frank Crane, umupasiteri w’Umuporotesitanti wo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika.

“Inama [y’Igihugu] y’Amatorero [y’Abakongeregasiyonalisiti] ishyigikiye [Umuryango w’Amahanga], wo gikoresho cya gipolitiki cyonyine kiriho muri iki gihe cyatuma Umwuka wa Yesu Kristo ushobora gusakara kurushaho mu birebana no gukemura ibibazo by’amahanga.”​—The Congregationalist and Advance, U.S.A,. tariki ya 6 Ugushyingo 1919, ku ipaji ya 642.

“Inama nkuru irasaba Abametodisiti bose gushyigikira no guteza imbere cyane gahunda [y’Umuryango w’Amahanga], waturutse ku gitekerezo cy’Imana Data n’abana b’Imana bo ku isi.”​—Itorero ry’Abametodisiti bo mu Bwongereza.

“Iyo turebye ibyifuzo, ubushobozi n’imyanzuro bikubiye muri ayo masezerano, tubona ko hakubiyemo urufatiro rw’inyigisho za Yesu Kristo: Ubwami bw’Imana no gukiranuka kwabwo . . . Nta cyaruta ibyo.”​—Ayo magambo yavuzwe na Arikiyepiskopi w’i Canterbury igihe hatangizwaga inama y’Umuryango w’Amahanga i Génève, ku itariki ya 3 Ukuboza 1922.

“Umuryango w’Amahanga muri iki gihugu ufite uburenganzira butagatifu kimwe n’undi muryango uwo ari wo wose w’ubutabazi, kubera ko muri iki gihe ari cyo gikoresho cyiza kuruta ibindi cy’ubutegetsi bwa Kristo, we Mwami w’amahoro mu mahanga.”​—Dr.Garvie, umupasiteri w’Umukongeregasiyonalisiti wo mu Bwongereza.

[Ikarita yo ku ipaji ya 236]

(Niba ushaka kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gitabo)

Inyigisho z’ibinyoma zemerwa mu isi yose zikomoka i Babuloni

Babuloni

Ubutatu cyangwa imana eshatu

Ubugingo bw’umuntu ntibupfa

Ubupfumu: kuvugana n’“abapfuye”

Gukoresha amashusho mu gusenga

Gukoresha imitongero mu gucubya abadayimoni

Ubuyobozi bw’abatambyi bafite ububasha

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 239]

Babuloni ya kera yari yicaye ku mazi menshi

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 239]

Muri iki gihe maraya ukomeye na we yicaye ku “mazi menshi”

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 241]

Babuloni Ikomeye yicaye ku nyamaswa y’inkazi

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 242]

Maraya wo mu buryo bw’idini yasambanye n’abami bo mu isi

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 245]

Uwo mugore ‘yasinze amaraso y’abera’