Igice cya 28

Bagosorwa n’ibigeragezo biturutse muri bo

AMATEKA y’Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri iki gihe yabayemo ibintu byinshi byagerageje cyane ukwizera kwabo. Nk’uko guhura ingano no kuzigosora bituma impeke zitandukana n’umurama, ni na ko ibyo bigeragezo byatumye Abakristo b’ukuri bamenyekana. (Gereranya na Luka 3:17.) Byabaye ngombwa ko abifatanyaga n’umuryango w’abagaragu b’Imana bagaragaza ibyari mu mitima yabo. Ese bishakiraga inyungu zabo bwite? Ese bari abigishwa b’umuntu udatunganye? Cyangwa bari abantu biyeguriye Yehova mu buryo bwuzuye, bicishaga bugufi, bagashishikazwa no kumenya ibyo Imana ishaka kandi bakabikora?—Gereranya na 2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 16:9.

Abigishwa ba Yesu Kristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere na bo bahuye n’ibigeragezo byagerageje ukwizera kwabo. Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ko nibakomeza kuba abizerwa bazategekana na we mu Bwami bwe (Mat 5:3, 10; 7:21; 18:3; 19:28). Ariko ntiyababwiye igihe bari kubonera iyo ngororano. Ese bari gukomeza kuba indahemuka bagashyira inyungu z’Ubwami mu mwanya wa mbere iyo abantu banga kwitabira ibyo bababwiraga cyangwa bakarwanya umurimo wabo wo kubwiriza? Si ko bose bakomeje kuba indahemuka.—2 Tim 4:10.

Uburyo Yesu yigishagamo na bwo bwabereye bamwe ikigeragezo. Abafarisayo basitajwe n’uko yamaganye imigenzo yabo adaciye ku ruhande (Mat 15:1-14). Hari n’abandi benshi bavugaga ko ari abigishwa be barakajwe n’uburyo bwe bwo kwigisha. Igihe kimwe, ubwo yarimo abasobanurira ko ari ngombwa kwizera agaciro k’igitambo cy’umubiri we n’amaraso ye, benshi mu bigishwa be barakajwe n’imvugo y’ikigereranyo yakoresheje. Ntibategereje ngo abasobanurire icyo yashakaga kuvuga ahubwo ‘bisubiriye mu byo bahozemo, bareka kugendana na we.’—Yoh 6:48-66.

Ariko si ko bose basubiye inyuma. Simoni Petero yaravuze ati “Mwami, twagenda dusanga nde? Ni wowe ufite amagambo y’ubuzima bw’iteka, kandi twarizeye, tumenya ko uri Uwera w’Imana” (Yoh 6:67-69). Ibyo bari barabonye n’ibyo bari barumvise byari bihagije kugira ngo bizere ko Yesu ari we Imana yakoreshaga kugira ngo igaragaze ukuri ku byerekeye Imana n’imigambi yayo (Yoh 1:14; 14:6). Icyakora ukwizera kwabo kwakomeje kugeragezwa.

Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yesu no kuzuka kwe, yakoresheje intumwa n’abandi kugira ngo baragire itorero. Abo bari abagabo badatunganye kandi rimwe na rimwe ukudatungana kwabo kwaberaga abandi ikigeragezo. (Gereranya n’Ibyakozwe 15:36-41; Abagalatiya 2:11-14.) Ku rundi ruhande, hari abantu bakabyaga kubaha Abakristo bari bakomeye, bakavuga bati “ndi uwa Pawulo,” abandi bati “ndi uwa Apolo” (1 Kor 3:4). Abo bose bagombaga kuba maso kugira ngo batibagirwa icyo kuba umwigishwa wa Yesu Kristo bisobanura.

Intumwa Pawulo yahanuye ibindi bibazo bikomeye byari kuzabaho, asobanura ko mu itorero rya gikristo hari ‘kwaduka abantu bagoreka ukuri kugira ngo bireherezeho abigishwa’ (Ibyak 20:29, 30). Intumwa Petero na we yavuze ko mu bagaragu b’Imana hari kuvamo bamwe bakaba abigisha b’ibinyoma bakigarurira abandi bakoresheje “amagambo y’amahimbano” (2 Pet 2:1-3). Uko bigaragara, Abakristo bari guhura n’ibigeragezo bigerageza ukwizera kwabo n’ubudahemuka bwabo, bikagaragaza ibyari mu mutima wabo.

Bityo rero, ntibitangaje ko amateka y’Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri iki gihe yaranzwe n’ibigeragezo no kugosorwa. Ariko kandi benshi bagiye batangazwa n’abasitaraga n’icyabasitazaga.

Ese koko bishimiraga incungu?

Mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya 1870, umuvandimwe Russell n’abo bari bafatanyije barushijeho gusobanukirwa neza umugambi w’Imana kandi barushaho kuwuha agaciro. Muri icyo gihe bagaruriwe ubuyanja mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ariko mu mwaka wa 1878, bahuye n’ikigeragezo gikomeye cyagerageje ukwizera kwabo kandi kibasaba kugaragaza niba barashyigikiraga Ijambo ry’Imana mu budahemuka. Icyo kigeragezo cyari gishingiye ku gaciro k’igitambo cy’umubiri n’amaraso bya Yesu, ari na yo nyigisho yari yarabereye igisitaza benshi mu bigishwa ba Yesu bo mu kinyejana cya mbere.

Hari hashize imyaka ibiri gusa C. T. Russell atangiye gukorana na N. H. Barbour w’i Rochester ho muri New York mu mwaka wa 1876. Amatsinda yabo yo kwiga Bibiliya yarakoranaga. Russell yari yaratanze amafaranga yo gusubukura imirimo yo gucapa igazeti ya Barbour (Herald of the Morning), Barbour aba umwanditsi mukuru wayo na ho Russell aba umwanditsi wungirije. Nanone bari barafatanyije gusohora igitabo cyasobanuraga ubuhanuzi (Three Worlds, and the Harvest of This World).

Ariko nyuma yaho habaye ikintu kitakwihanganirwa. Mu ngingo Barbour yanditse mu nomero yo muri Kanama 1878 y’iyo gazeti (Herald of the Morning), yatesheje agaciro imirongo y’Ibyanditswe, urugero nka 1 Petero 3:18, Yesaya 53:5, 6 n’Abaheburayo 9:22, kandi atangaza ko igitekerezo cy’uko Kristo yapfuye kugira ngo abe impongano y’ibyaha byacu giteye ishozi. Nyuma yaho Russell yaranditse ati “twababajwe kandi dutungurwa no kubona Bwana Barbour . . . yandika mu igazeti (Herald) ahakana inyigisho y’impongano, ahakana ko urupfu rwa Kristo rwari incungu ya Adamu n’abamukomotseho, akavuga ko urupfu rwa Kristo rutashoboraga gukuraho ibyaha by’abantu nk’uko nta mubyeyi wo ku isi wabona ko gufata isazi ukayijomba igikwasi ukayibabaza kugeza ipfuye byaba bihagije kugira ngo bikureho ikosa umwana we yakoze.”a

Icyo cyari ikibazo gikomeye. Ese umuvandimwe Russell yari gushyigikira mu budahemuka ibyo Bibiliya ivuga mu buryo bweruye ku birebana n’ibyo Imana yateganyirije abantu kugira ngo bazabone agakiza? Cyangwa yari kugwa mu mutego wa filozofiya z’abantu? Nubwo Russell yari afite imyaka 26 gusa kandi Barbour akaba yaramurutaga cyane, Russell yagize ubutwari yandika ingingo yasohotse mu nomero y’iyo gazeti yakurikiyeho, ashyigikira akomeje ko amaraso ya Kristo ashobora kuba impongano y’ibyaha, avuga ko iyo ari yo “nyigisho ikomeye cyane kurusha izindi mu Ijambo ry’Imana.”

Hanyuma yasabye J. H. Paton, na we wari umwanditsi wungirije w’iyo gazeti, ngo yandike ingingo ishimangira ko kwizera amaraso ya Kristo ari byo bishingirwaho kugira ngo ibyaha bitangirwe impongano. Paton yanditse iyo ngingo, isohoka mu nomero yo mu kwezi k’Ukuboza. Russell yagerageje kenshi kungurana ibitekerezo na Barbour yifashishije Ibyanditswe ariko ntibyagira icyo bitanga. Yahise areka gukorana na we kandi ntiyakomeza gutera inkunga igazeti ye. Muri Nyakanga 1879, Russell yatangiye gusohora igazeti nshya y’Umunara w’Umurinzi, (icyo gihe yitwaga Umunara w’Umurinzi w’i Siyoni n’Intumwa yo Kuhaba kwa Kristo), kandi kuva iyo gazeti yatangira gusohoka, yakomeje gushyigikira incungu mu buryo bwihariye. Ariko ntibyari birangiye.

Hashize imyaka ibiri, Paton wasuraga amatsinda y’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya na we yatangiye guteshuka, nyuma yaho asohora igitabo (igitabo cye cya kabiri cyitwaga Day Dawn) aho yavuze ko Adamu atigeze akora icyaha bityo incungu ikaba itari ikenewe. Yavuze ko Umwami ubwe yari umuntu udatunganye, weretse gusa abandi binyuze ku mibereho ye, uko bakwica kamere yabo ibogamira ku byaha. Mu mwaka wa 1881, A. D. Jones, na we wafatanyaga na Russell, yatangiye kwandika ikindi kinyamakuru (Zion’s Day Star) cyari kimeze nk’Umunara w’Umurinzi, ariko akaba yaratekerezaga ko yari gusobanura umugambi w’Imana mu buryo bworoheje. Mu mizo ya mbere wabonaga nta kibazo. Ariko mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe gusa, ikinyamakuru cya Jones cyari cyarahakanye igitambo cy’impongano cya Kristo, kandi mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, cyari cyarahakanye izindi nyigisho zose za Bibiliya. Ariko se byari byaragendekeye bite abo bagabo? Bari baremeye ko ibitekerezo byabo bwite na filozofiya z’abantu bibayobya bagatandukira Ijambo ry’Imana. (Gereranya n’Abakolosayi 2:8.) Ikinyamakuru cya A. D. Jones cyakomeje gusohoka igihe gito hanyuma kirahagarara. J. H. Paton yiyemeje gusohora igazeti asobanura uko yumvaga ivanjiri, ariko iyo gazeti ntiyakwirakwijwe cyane.

Umuvandimwe Russell yari ahangayikishijwe cyane n’ingaruka ibyo byose byagiraga ku basomyi b’Umunara w’Umurinzi. Yabonye ko byageragezaga ukwizera kwa buri wese. Yari azi neza ko hari abatekerezaga ko ishyari ari ryo ryatumaga anenga izo nyigisho zidashingiye ku Byanditswe. Ariko umuvandimwe Russell ntiyishakiraga abayoboke. Yagize icyo avuga ku byarimo biba, arandika ati “uko bigaragara, ibi bigeragezo n’iri gosorwa bigamije gutoranya abantu bose bafite imitima izira ibyifuzo bishingiye ku bwikunde, biyeguriye Umwami mu buryo bwuzuye kandi batizigamye, bifuza cyane ko ibyo Umwami ashaka bikorwa, kandi biringira cyane ubwenge bwe, inzira ze n’Ijambo rye, ku buryo banga ko ibitekerezo by’ubushukanyi cyangwa imigambi n’ibitekerezo byabo bwite bibayobya bigatuma batandukira Ijambo ry’Umwami.”

Ese Imana yakoreshaga umuyoboro ugaragara?

Birumvikana ko hariho amadini menshi, kandi abigisha batari bake bakoreshaga Bibiliya. None se Imana yaba yarakoreshaga Charles Taze Russell mu buryo bwihariye? Niba ari ko byari bimeze se, Imana yaba yararetse gukoresha umuyoboro ugaragara igihe umuvandimwe Russell yapfaga? Ibyo bibazo byakuruye impaka nyinshi, bituma bahura n’ibindi bigeragezo kandi baragosorwa.

Ntawari kwitega ko Imana yari gukoresha C. T. Russell iyo aza kuba adashyigikira Ijambo ry’Imana mu budahemuka (Yer 23:28; 2 Tim 3:16, 17). Imana ntiyari gukoresha umuntu watinyaga kubwiriza ibyo yabonye byanditswe mu buryo busobanutse neza mu Byanditswe (Ezek 2:6-8). Nta n’ubwo Imana yari gukoresha umuntu washakaga gukoresha ubumenyi akuye mu Ijambo ry’Imana yishakira icyubahiro (Yoh 5:44). None se ibintu byabayeho bigaragaza iki?

Iyo Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri iki gihe bashubije amaso inyuma bakareba umurimo Charles Taze Russell yakoze, ibyo yigishije, impamvu yabyigishije n’icyo byagezeho, bemera badashidikanya ko Imana yamukoresheje mu buryo bwihariye no mu gihe gishishikaje.

Ntibabibona batyo bashingiye gusa ku kuntu umuvandimwe Russell yashyigikiye inyigisho y’incungu yivuye inyuma. Ahubwo nanone bazirikana ukuntu atatinye kwamagana inyigisho z’amadini zavuguruzaga Ibyanditswe, kandi zimwe muri zo zikaba zari urufatiro rw’imyizerere y’amadini yiyita aya gikristo. Iyo myizerere yari ikubiyemo inyigisho y’Ubutatu (yari yarakomotse muri Babuloni ya kera, kandi abiyita Abakristo batangiye kuyikurikiza hashize igihe kirekire cyane Bibiliya irangije kwandikwa) hamwe n’inyigisho y’uko abantu bafite ubugingo budapfa (iyo ikaba ari inyigisho yinjijwe mu Bukristo n’abantu bari baratwawe na filozofiya ya Plato igatuma bemera ibitekerezo by’uko ubugingo bw’abantu bubabarizwa mu muriro w’iteka). Intiti nyinshi zo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo na zo zizi ko izo nyigisho zitaboneka muri Bibiliya,b ariko ibyo binyuranye n’ibyo abigisha bo muri ayo madini babwira abayoboke babo. Umuvandimwe Russell we yatangije gahunda yagutse yo kubwira abantu bose babaga bifuza gutega amatwi icyo mu by’ukuri Bibiliya ivuga.

Nanone birashishikaje kumenya icyo umuvandimwe Russell yakoresheje ibindi bintu bikomeye by’ukuri yamenye mu Ijambo ry’Imana. Yasobanukiwe ko Kristo yari kugaruka ari ikiremwa cyo mu buryo bw’umwuka gifite ububasha umuntu adashobora kubonesha amaso. Guhera mu mwaka wa 1876, yamenye ko umwaka wa 1914 wari kugaragaza iherezo ry’Ibihe by’Amahanga (Luka 21:24). Izindi ntiti mu bya Bibiliya na zo zari zarabonye bimwe muri ibyo bintu kandi zirabitangaza. Ariko umuvandimwe Russell we yakoresheje umutungo we wose abyamamaza mu bihugu byose mu rugero rwagutse kurusha umuntu uwo ari we wese cyangwa itsinda iryo ari ryo ryose.

Yashishikarije abandi kugenzura inyandiko ze babyitondeye bakazigereranya n’Ijambo ry’Imana ryahumetswe kugira ngo bamenye neza niba ibyo bigaga byari bihuje na ryo mu buryo bwuzuye. Igihe umuvandimwe Russell yasubizaga umuntu wari wamwandikiye amusaba ibisobanuro, yagize ati “niba byari bikwiriye ko Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bagenzura ibyo babaga babwiwe n’intumwa zari zarahumekewe kandi na zo zikiyemerera ko zahumekewe, ntibikwiriye kurushaho ko nawe ugenzura mu buryo bwuzuye ko izi nyigisho zihuje n’ibyo intumwa n’Umwami wacu bigishije, cyane ko umwanditsi wazo we atavuga ko yahumekewe ahubwo yivugira gusa ko Umwami amuyobora kandi ko yamukoresheje kugira ngo agaburire umukumbi we?”

Umuvandimwe Russell ntiyigeze avuga ko yari afite ububasha ndengakamere cyangwa ko hari ibyo Imana yamuhishuriye. Ntiyigeze yiyitirira ibyo yigishaga. Yiyigishaga Bibiliya ashyizeho umwete. Ariko yasobanuye ko yari asobanukiwe neza Ibyanditswe ‘bitewe gusa n’uko igihe Imana yagennye cyari kigeze.’ Yaravuze ati “iyo ntabivuga ntihagire n’undi uboneka ngo abivuge, amabuye ubwayo yari kubivuga.” Yavuze gusa ko yari nk’urutoki rwereka abandi ibivugwa mu Ijambo ry’Imana.

Charles Taze Russell ntiyashakaga icyubahiro cy’abantu. Kugira ngo agorore imitekerereze y’abantu bose bashakaga kumuha icyubahiro gikabije, mu mwaka wa 1896 yaranditse ati “kubera ko mu rugero runaka ubuntu bw’Imana bwatumye dukoreshwa mu murimo wo kwamamaza ivanjiri, ntitwaba turengereye tuvuze aha ngaha ibyo twagiye tuvuga kenshi twiherereye n’ibyo twanditse muri iyi gazeti, ko nubwo twishimira ko abagaragu dufatanyije umurimo ndetse n’abagize inzu y’abizera bose batugaragariza urukundo, bakishyira mu mwanya wacu, bakatugirira icyizere kandi bagafatanya natwe, ntidushaka ko hagira abaduha ibyubahiro birenze cyangwa bagakabya kubaha inyandiko zacu. Ntidushaka kwitwa Revera cyangwa Rabi. Nta nubwo twifuza ko hagira abitirirwa amazina yacu.”

Uko urupfu rwe rwagendaga rwegereza, ntiyigeze atekereza ko nta bundi bumenyi abantu bazunguka cyangwa ko nta wundi murimo uzakorwa. Yari yaravuze kenshi ibyo kwandika umubumbe wa karindwi w’igitabo cyasobanuraga Ibyanditswe (Études des Écritures). Igihe bamubazaga mbere y’uko apfa uko bizagenda, yabwiye Menta Sturgeon bakoranaga ingendo ati “n’undi yawandika.” Mu rwandiko rw’umurage we yavuze ko yifuzaga ko Umunara w’Umurinzi wazakomeza kwandikwa uyobowe na komite y’abagabo biyeguriye Umwami mu buryo bwuzuye. Yavuze ko abari guhabwa iyo nshingano bagombaga kuba ari abagabo “bashyigikira mu budahemuka inyigisho zo mu Byanditswe, cyane cyane inyigisho y’Incungu, zigaragaza ko umuntu adashobora kwemerwa n’Imana cyangwa ngo abone agakiza kamuhesha ubuzima bw’iteka atizeye Kristo kandi ngo yumvire Ijambo rye n’umwuka waryo.”

Umuvandimwe Russell yari azi ko hari hakiri byinshi byagombaga gukorwa mu murimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Mu kiganiro cyabereye i Vancouver, B.C., muri Kanada mu mwaka wa 1915, bamubajije igihe abigishwa ba Kristo basutsweho umwuka bariho icyo gihe bari kuzahabwa ingororano yabo yo mu ijuru. Yarashubije ati “simbizi, ariko hari umurimo ukomeye ugomba kubanza gukorwa. Kandi hazakenerwa abavandimwe babarirwa mu bihumbi n’amafaranga abarirwa muri za miriyoni kugira ngo uwo murimo ukorwe. Aho ibyo byose bizava, simpazi, ariko Umwami arahazi kuko uwo murimo ari uwe.” Hanyuma mu mwaka wa 1916, mbere gato y’uko atangira urugendo rwo kuvuga ubutumwa yanaguyemo, yahamagaye mu biro bye A. H. Macmillan, wamufashaga mu mirimo. Icyo gihe yaramubwiye ati “singishoboye gusohoza uyu murimo kandi haracyari ibintu byinshi bigomba gukorwa.” Yamaranye n’umuvandimwe Macmillan amasaha atatu, amusobanurira umurimo wagutse yabonaga ko wagombaga gukorwa ashingiye ku Byanditswe. Umuvandimwe Macmillan yagaragaje impungenge, maze Russell aramusubiza ati “uyu si umurimo w’abantu.”

Ihinduka ry’ubuyobozi ryazanye ibigeragezo

Benshi mu bafatanyaga n’umuvandimwe Russell bemeraga ko Umwami ari we wayoboraga ibintu byose. Mu muhango wo gushyingura umuvandimwe Russell, W. E. Van Amburgh yaravuze ati “Imana yagiye ikoresha abagaragu benshi mu gihe cyahise kandi nta gushidikanya ko izakoresha n’abandi benshi mu gihe kizaza. Ntitwiyeguriye umuntu cyangwa umurimo w’umuntu ahubwo twiyeguriye gukora ibyo Imana ishaka, nk’uko izagenda ibiduhishurira binyuze ku Ijambo ryayo n’ubuyobozi bwayo. Imana iracyatuyobora.” Umuvandimwe Van Amburgh yarinze apfa acyemera adashidikanya ko Imana ituyobora.

Ikibabaje ariko, ni uko hari abantu benshi bavugaga ko bakunda umuvandimwe Russell ariko bari bafite umwuka utandukanye n’uwo. Igihe ibintu byahindukaga nyuma y’urupfu rwa Russell, barageragejwe kandi baragosorwa. Muri Amerika si ho honyine hadutse amatsinda y’abahakanyi ahubwo nanone yadutse i Belfast muri Irilande, i Copenhague muri Danimarike, i Vancouver no muri Victoria mu ntara ya British Columbia muri Kanada, no mu tundi turere. Hari abantu b’i Helsinki muri Finilande batangiye kumva ko nyuma y’urupfu rwa Russell nta wundi muyoboro Imana yari gukoresha itanga umucyo wo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Abantu bari bakomeye bashutse abandi, maze abantu 164 bava mu muryango w’abagaragu b’Imana. Ese Imana yabahaye umugisha? Bamaze igihe runaka basohora igazeti yabo kandi bakagira n’amateraniro. Icyakora nyuma yaho abari bagize iryo tsinda baratatanye, rigenda ricika intege riza gusenyuka burundu; kandi benshi mu bari barigize bishimiye kugaruka mu materaniro y’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya. Ariko si ko bose bagarutse.

Nanone urupfu rw’umuvandimwe Russell hamwe n’ibyabaye nyuma yaho, byabereye ikigeragezo R. E. B. Nicholson, wari umunyamabanga w’ibiro by’ishami byo muri Ositaraliya, kandi byatumye agaragaza ibyari mu mutima we. Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Russell, Nicholson yaranditse ati “nari maze imyaka isaga 25 mukunda, ntamukundira gusa umurimo yakoraga, ahubwo nanone namukundiraga imico ye myiza, nishimiraga ibintu by’ukuri yatugezagaho, byari ‘ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye,’ n’inama ze, ngakunda cyane ukuntu yari umuntu wishyira mu mwanya w’abandi, w’umugwaneza, ukunda abantu, wagiraga ubutwari akiyemeza amaramaje gukora ikintu cyose yatekerezaga ko gihuje n’ibyo Imana ishaka cyangwa gihuje n’Ijambo ryayo. . . . Iyo utekereje ko uwo muntu waduteraga inkunga cyane yatuvuyemo, wumva ugize irungu.”

Joseph F. Rutherford wabaye perezida mushya w’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, ntiyari umuntu Nicholson yatekerezaga ko yagombye gusimbura Umuvandimwe Russell ku mwanya w’ubugenzuzi. Nicholson yatangiye kunenga ku mugaragaro ukuntu inyandiko nshya zakoreshwaga mu kwiga Bibiliya zamaganaga idini ry’ikinyoma zidaciye ku ruhande. Bidatinze yavuye mu muryango wa Watch Tower Society, kandi yatwaye umutungo mwinshi w’uwo muryango (yari yariyandikishijeho) kandi n’ab’i Melbourne bamushyiraga imbere baramukurikiye. Ibyo byatewe n’iki? Uko bigaragara, Nicholson yari yarabaye umwigishwa w’umuntu. Bityo, uwo muntu amaze gupfa, ubudahemuka bwa Nicholson n’ishyaka yarwaniraga Umwami byatangiye gukendera. Nta na rimwe muri ayo matsinda yavutse icyo gihe ryigeze rikomera. Icyakora birashishikaje kumenya ko umugore wa Nicholson witwaga Jane nubwo yari afite amagara make, atigeze akurikira umugabo we muri ubwo buhakanyi. Yari yariyeguriye mbere na mbere Yehova Imana, kandi yakomeje kumukorera mu murimo w’igihe cyose kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1951.

Benshi basobanukiwe ko ibyabaye mu myaka yakurikiye urupfu rw’umuvandimwe Russell byasohozaga ibyo Umwami ashaka. Umwe mu bagaragu ba Yehova bo muri Kanada yandikiye umuvandimwe Rutherford ku birebana n’iyo ngingo, agira ati

“Muvandimwe nkunda, ntunyumve nabi bitewe n’ibi nkwandikiye. Imico yawe n’iy’umuvandimwe twakundaga Russell, iratandukanye cyane nk’uko amanywa atandukanye n’ijoro. Ariko nyine, abantu benshi cyane bakundaga Russell bitewe n’imico ye, kamere ye n’ibindi; kandi abantu bake cyane, bake rwose, ni bo bamurwanyaga. Benshi bemeye ukuri bitewe n’uko gusa umuvandimwe Russell yabivuze. Ibyo byatumye benshi bagera nubwo batangira gusenga umuntu . . . Uribuka igihe umuvandimwe Russell yatangaga disikuru mu ikoraniro akavuga adaciye ku ruhande uwo mutego abavandimwe benshi bari baraguyemo batabizi, agashingira disikuru ye ku byabaye kuri Yohana n’umumarayika (Ibyahishuwe 22:8, 9). Igihe yapfaga, twese tuzi ibyakurikiyeho.

“Ariko wowe muvandimwe Rutherford, imico yawe nta ho ihuriye n’iy’umuvandimwe Russell. Yewe n’amasura yanyu aratandukanye. Icyakora si ikosa ryawe. Ni ko wavutse, kandi ntushobora kubyanga. . . . Uhereye igihe watangiriye kuyobora ibikorwa by’UMURYANGO, hari abavandimwe bagiye bakunenga nta mpamvu bakanaguharabika bikabije. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, wakomeje kubera Umwami dukunda indahemuka kandi wiyegurira gusohoza umurimo we uvugwa muri Yesaya 61:1-3. Ese Umwami yari azi ibyo arimo igihe yaguhaga inshingano yo kuyobora ibikorwa bye? Yari abizi rwose. Mu gihe cyashize, twese wasangaga tubogamira ku gusenga umuntu aho gusenga Umuremyi. Ibyo Umwami yari abizi. Ni yo mpamvu yashyizeho umuntu ufite imico itandukanye n’iy’uwa mbere, ngo abe ari we uyobora ibikorwa bye, cyangwa se mbivuze mu yandi magambo, ngo ayobore umurimo w’isarura. Ntiwifuza ko hagira ugusenga. Ibyo ndabizi, ahubwo wifuza rwose ko abafite ukwizera kw’agaciro bose babona umucyo ubu umurika mu nzira y’umukiranutsi, ukamurika nk’uko Umwami abona bikwiriye. Kandi ibyo ni byo Umwami ashaka ko bikorwa.”

‘Umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ amenyekana

Benshi mu bagosorwaga icyo gihe, bari batsimbaraye ku gitekerezo cy’uko umuntu umwe gusa, ni ukuvuga Charles Taze Russell, ari we wari umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ Yesu yahanuye muri Matayo 24:45-47, wagombaga guha ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka abo mu nzu y’abizera. Cyane cyane nyuma y’urupfu rwe, Umunara w’Umurinzi ubwawo wamaze imyaka myinshi ushyigikiye icyo gitekerezo. Bitewe n’uruhare rukomeye umuvandimwe Russell yari yaragize, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bo muri icyo gihe babonaga ko ari uko bimeze. We ubwe ntiyigeze ateza imbere icyo gitekerezo, ariko yemeraga ibitekerezo byasaga n’ibishyize mu gaciro by’abari bagishyikiye.c Icyakora, nanone yatsindagirije ko umuntu wese Umwami yakoresha muri iyo nshingano, agomba kwicisha bugufi kandi akagira ishyaka ryo guhesha ikuzo Shebuja, kandi ko uwo watoranyijwe n’Umwami aramutse ananiwe gusohoza iyo nshingano, yasimburwa n’undi.

Icyakora, uko umucyo w’ukuri wakomezaga kugenda urushaho kumurika cyane nyuma y’urupfu rw’umuvandimwe Russell, n’umurimo wo kubwiriza Yesu yari yarahanuye ukarushaho kwaguka, byaragaragaye ko ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge,’ atavuyeho igihe umuvandimwe Russell yapfaga. Mu mwaka wa 1881, umuvandimwe Russell ubwe yari yaratanze igitekerezo cy’uko uwo “mugaragu” yari agizwe n’Abakristo bose bizerwa basutsweho umwuka. Yabonaga ko bose bagize umugaragu, ko bari itsinda ry’abantu bunze ubumwe mu gukora ibyo Imana ishaka. (Gereranya na Yesaya 43:10.) Icyo gitekerezo cyongeye gushimangirwa n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya mu mwaka wa 1927. Muri iki gihe, Abahamya ba Yehova bemera ko igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi n’ibindi bitabo bifitanye isano na wo ari byo umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge akoresha atanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ntibavuga ko itsinda ry’umugaragu ridashobora kwibeshya, ahubwo babona ko ari wo muyoboro umwe rukumbi Umwami akoresha muri iyi minsi ya nyuma y’imperuka.

Igihe ubwibone bwabaga imbogamizi

Icyakora, hari igihe wasangaga abantu bafite inshingano ziremereye batekereza ko ari bo muyoboro umucyo wo mu buryo bw’umwuka unyuramo, bigatuma banga ibyokurya byatangwaga n’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society. Abandi bo bifuje kuba abantu bakomeye, maze bagerageza koshya abandi ngo babakurikire, cyangwa nk’uko intumwa Pawulo yabivuze, ‘bireherezaho abigishwa’ (Ibyakozwe 20:29, 30). Birumvikana ko ibyo byabereye ikigeragezo abo bigishwa bihatiraga kwireherezaho, bituma gushikama kwabo n’intego zabo zo mu buryo bw’umwuka bigaragara. Reka dusuzume ingero zimwe:

Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bo muri Allegheny muri Pennsylvania babonye amabaruwa yihariye yabatumiriraga kujya mu iteraniro ryabaye ku itariki ya 5 Mata 1894. Umuvandimwe Russell n’umugore we ntibatumiwe muri iryo teraniro kandi ntibarigiyemo, ariko abantu bagera kuri 40 barijemo. Iyo baruwa yari yashyizweho umukono na E. Bryan, S. D. Rogers, J. B. Adamson na O. von Zech, yavugaga ko iryo teraniro ryari kuvugirwamo ibintu “bibafitiye akamaro kurusha ibindi.” Ariko byaje kugaragara ko ayo ari amayeri yuzuye ubugome abo bagambanyi bakoreshaga kugira ngo baroge ubwenge bw’abandi, bababwira ibyo bavugaga ko ari uburiganya umuvandimwe Russell yagiraga mu bucuruzi bwe (nubwo hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko babeshyaga), bakavuga ko umuvandimwe Russell yari afite ububasha bwinshi (ari bwo bifuzaga kwigarurira), bakitotombera ko yashyiraga imbere ibyo gukoresha inyandiko zicapye mu gukwirakwiza ivanjiri no kugira amateraniro y’amatsinda yo kwiga Bibiliya, aho gutanga za disikuru gusa (kuko ari zo zari gutuma bashobora gucengeza ibitekerezo byabo bwite bitabagoye). Itorero ryadurumbanyijwe cyane n’ibyabaga, kandi byagushije benshi. Ariko abitandukanyije n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya ntibarushijeho kuba abantu bakuze mu buryo bw’umwuka cyangwa ngo barusheho kugira ishyaka mu murimo w’Umwami.

Hashize imyaka isaga 20, mbere y’uko umuvandimwe Russell apfa, yifuje kohereza mu Bwongereza Paul S. L. Johnson wari umenyereye cyane gutanga za disikuru, ngo ajye gukomeza Abigishwa ba Bibiliya baho. Umuryango wa Watch Tower Society wubahirije icyifuzo cy’umuvandimwe Russell, wohereza Johnson mu Bwongereza mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 1916. Icyakora ageze mu Bwongereza yirukanye babiri mu bari bahagarariye umuryango wa Watch Tower Society. Kubera ko yibwiraga ko ari umuntu ukomeye, muri disikuru ze no mu mabaruwa ye yemezaga ko ibyo Ezira, Nehemiya na Moridekayi bavugwa mu Byanditswe bakoze, byashushanyaga ibyo yakoraga. Yemezaga ko ari we gisonga (cyangwa umukoresha) Yesu yavuze mu mugani we wanditswe muri Matayo 20:8. Yagerageje kwigarurira amafaranga y’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, ajyana ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’i Londres kugira ngo agere ku ntego ze.

Imigambi ye imaze kumupfubana, yagarutse i New York. Agezeyo yagerageje gushaka abamushyigikira mu bari abayobozi b’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society. Abashutswe bakamukurikira bihatiye kugera ku ntego zabo, bagerageza gutuma hafatwa icyemezo cyasesaga amategeko y’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society yahaga perezida uburenganzira bwo kugenzura ibikorwa byawo. Bifuzaga ko bagira ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo byose. Umuvandimwe Rutherford yitabaje amategeko kugira ngo arengere inyungu z’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, kandi abashakaga kubangamira ibikorwa byawo basabwe kuva muri Beteli. Mu nama ya buri mwaka y’abahagarariye umuryango yabaye mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wakurikiyeho, igihe hatorwaga abayobozi bashya n’ababungirije bari kuyobora mu mwaka wari bukurikireho, ba bandi batezaga akaduruvayo batsinzwe amatora. Birashoboka ko bamwe muri bo bumvaga bafite ukuri, ariko abenshi mu bavandimwe babo bo mu buryo bw’umwuka bagaragaje neza ko batemeranyaga na bo. Ese bari kwemera uko gucyahwa?

Nyuma yaho, P. S. L. Johnson yajyaga mu materaniro y’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya akigira nk’uwemera imyizerere yabo n’ibikorwa byabo. Ariko iyo bamwe babaga bamaze kumugirira icyizere, yababibagamo gushidikanya. Iyo hagiraga umuntu uvuga ibyo kwitandukanya n’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, yabyamaganaga abigiranye uburyarya kugeza igihe yabaga amaze kumunga ukwizera kw’abagize iryo tsinda bose. Ntiyagerageje gushuka abavandimwe bo muri Amerika gusa, ahubwo yagerageje no gushuka abo muri Kanada, muri Jamayika, mu Burayi no muri Ositaraliya, akabandikira ndetse akanabasura. Ariko se hari icyo yagezeho?

Igihe benshi mu bagize itorero batoraga umwanzuro wo kwitandukanya n’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, byasaga naho hari icyo yagezeho. Ariko bari bameze nk’ishami riciwe ku giti, rimara igihe gito ritoshye hanyuma rikaraba kandi rikuma. Igihe bagiraga ikoraniro mu mwaka wa 1918, bananiwe kumvikana bacikamo ibice. Na nyuma yaho bakomeje gucikamo ibice. Bamwe bamaze igihe gito barashinze udutsiko tw’amadini, buri gatsiko kakayoborwa n’umuyobozi kishimira. Nta na kamwe muri utwo dutsiko kigeze kiyegurira umurimo wo kubwiriza mu ruhame iby’Ubwami bw’Imana mu isi yose ituwe, kandi uwo ari wo murimo Yesu yashinze abigishwa be.

Igihe ibyo byose byabaga, abavandimwe bibutse ibyanditswe muri 1 Petero 4:12, hagira hati “bakundwa, nimuhura n’ikigeragezo kimeze nk’umuriro ugurumana ntibikabatangaze ngo mumere nk’aho ari ikintu kidasanzwe kibagezeho.”

Abo tumaze kuvuga si bo bonyine bemeye ko ubwibone bwangiza ukwizera kwabo. Hari n’abandi, urugero nka Alexandre Freytag wari uhagarariye ibiro by’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society i Génève mu Busuwisi. Yakundaga kwishakira icyubahiro, kandi iyo yabaga ahindura ibitabo by’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society mu gifaransa yongeragamo ibitekerezo bye, ndetse agakoresha n’icapiro rya Watch Tower Society asohora inyandiko ze bwite. W. F. Salter wari uhagarariye ibiro by’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society muri Kanada yatangiye kuvuguruza ibitabo by’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society, kandi akabwira abantu ko ari we wari kuzaba perezida w’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society. Naho amariye kwirukanwa yakoreshaga uburiganya, akoherereza amatorero yo muri Kanada no mu bindi bihugu amabaruwa ariho ikirango cy’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society akayategeka kwiga ibyo we ubwe yari yariyandikiye. Muri Nijeriya na ho hari abayobye, urugero nka G. M. Ukoli wari warabanje kurwanira ishyaka ukuri, ariko nyuma yaho agatangira kubona ko ashobora gukoresha uko kuri yishakira indamu no kuba umuntu ukomeye. Imigambi ye imaze kumupfubana, yatangiye guharabika abavandimwe b’indahemuka mu binyamakuru. Kandi hari n’abandi benshi.

Ndetse no mu myaka ya vuba aha, hari abantu bari bafite inshingano ziremereye z’ubuyobozi bagaragaje umwuka nk’uwo.

Birumvikana ariko ko abo bantu bari bafite umudendezo wo kwemera ibyo bashaka. Ariko umuntu wese wamamaza ku mugaragaro cyangwa rwihishwa ibitekerezo binyuranye n’ibyasohotse mu bitabo byacu, kandi akabikora ari na ko yihandagaza avuga ko ahagarariye umuryango wacu, aba abiba amacakubiri. None se Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaye bate muri ibyo bibazo?

Ntibigeze batangiza gahunda yo gutoteza abo bantu (nubwo incuro nyinshi abitandukanyaga natwe bahindukiraga bagatoteza abahoze ari abavandimwe babo bo mu buryo bw’umwuka), nta n’ubwo bigeze babagirira nabi (nk’uko Kiliziya Gatolika yabigenje ikoresheje urukiko rwahanaga abataravugaga rumwe na yo). Ahubwo bakurikije inama yahumetswe y’intumwa Pawulo, wanditse ati “murebe abateza amacakubiri n’abazana ibisitaza banyuranya n’inyigisho mwigishijwe, kandi mubirinde. Abantu bameze batyo si imbata za Kristo . . . kandi bakoresha akarimi keza n’amagambo ashyeshyenga kugira ngo bashuke imitima y’abatagira uburiganya.”—Rom 16:17, 18.

Mu gihe abandi bitegerezaga ibyarimo biba, na bo bahawe uburyo bwo kugaragaza ibyari mu mitima yabo.

Inyigisho zari zikwiriye kunonosorwa

Abahamya ba Yehova bazi neza ko ubumenyi bafite ku byerekeye umugambi w’Imana bwagiye bunonosorwa uko imyaka yagiye ihita. Ihinduka rigomba kubaho kubera ko ubumenyi ku byerekeye umugambi w’Imana bugenda bwiyongera. Umugambi w’Imana si wo uhinduka, ahubwo umucyo Imana ikomeza kugenda iha abagaragu bayo utuma banonosora uko babona ibintu.

Iyo Abahamya basuzumye Bibiliya, basanga ibyo ari ko byagenze no ku bagaragu b’Imana bizerwa bo mu bihe byahise. Aburahamu yari afite ukwizera kandi yari afitanye imishyikirano ya bugufi na Yehova. Ariko igihe yavaga muri Uri, ntiyari azi igihugu Imana yari imujyanyemo, kandi yamaze imyaka myinshi atazi neza uko Imana yari kuzasohoza isezerano ryayo ry’uko yari kumugira ishyanga rikomeye (Intang 12:1-3; 15:3; 17:15-21; Heb 11:8). Hari ibintu byinshi bihereranye n’ukuri Imana yahishuriye abahanuzi, ariko hari n’ibindi byinshi batari basobanukiwe icyo gihe (Dan 12:8, 9; 1 Pet 1:10-12). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Yesu yasobanuriye intumwa ze ibintu byinshi, ariko ku iherezo ry’ubuzima bwe ku isi yababwiye ko hari ibindi byinshi bari bagikeneye kumenya (Yoh 16:12). Bimwe muri ibyo, urugero nk’umugambi Imana yari ifite wo kwinjiza Abanyamahanga mu itorero, byasobanutse neza ari uko intumwa zibonye ibintu byabaga bisohoza ubuhanuzi.—Ibyak 11:1-18.

Nk’uko byari byitezwe, iyo ihinduka ryasabaga ko bareka burundu ibitekerezo bari bakomeyeho, byaberaga bamwe ikigeragezo. Byongeye kandi, si ko ibintu byose byagiye bihinduka mu birebana n’uko bari basobanukiwe ukuri byahindukaga mu buryo bworoheje, ngo bihindukire icyarimwe. Hari igihe kudatungana gutuma abantu bakabya mu bitekerezo byabo, mbere y’uko bagira imitekerereze ishyize mu gaciro. Ibyo bishobora gufata igihe. Kandi ibyo byagiye bibera igisitaza ababangukirwaga no kunenga. Reka dufate urugero:

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1880, ibitabo by’Umuryango wa Watch Tower Society byatanze ibisobanuro bitandukanye ku bihereranye n’isezerano rya Aburahamu, isezerano ry’Amategeko n’isezerano rishya. Amadini yiyita aya gikristo yari yaribagiwe isezerano ry’Imana ry’uko imiryango yose yo mu isi yari kuzihesha umugisha binyuze ku rubyaro rwa Aburahamu (Intang 22:18). Ariko umuvandimwe Russell yari ashishikajwe cyane n’ukuntu Imana yari kuzasohoza iryo sezerano. Yatekerezaga ko ibyo Bibiliya ivuga ku birebana n’Umunsi w’Impongano w’Abayahudi byagaragazaga uko isezerano rishya rishobora kuzasohozwa. Mu mwaka wa 1907, igihe bongeraga gusuzuma ayo masezerano, bakibanda cyane ku ruhare abari kuzaraganwa na Kristo bari kugira mu kugeza ku bantu imigisha yahanuwe mu isezerano rya Aburahamu, bamwe mu Bigishwa ba Bibiliya barwanyije cyane icyo gitekerezo.

Icyo gihe hari inzitizi zatumaga badasobanukirwa ibintu neza. Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari batarasobanukirwa neza umwanya Abisirayeli kavukire bari bafite icyo gihe mu mugambi w’Imana. Iyo nzitizi yavuyeho ari uko habonetse ibimenyetso simusiga byagaragazaga ko ishyanga ry’Abayahudi ritari rigishishikajwe no gukoreshwa n’Imana mu isohozwa ry’ijambo ryayo ry’ubuhanuzi. Indi nzitizi yaterwaga n’uko Abigishwa ba Bibiliya batashoboraga kumenya neza abagize “imbaga y’abantu benshi” bavugwa mu Byahishuwe 7:9, 10 abo ari bo. Babamenye ari uko ubuhanuzi busohoye, abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi bagatangira kwigaragaza. Abanengaga cyane umuvandimwe Russell ntibigeze basobanukirwa ibyo bintu.

Icyakora, hari abiyitaga abavandimwe b’Abakristo bakwirakwizaga ibinyoma bavuga ko Umunara w’Umurinzi wahakanye ko Yesu ari Umuhuza w’abantu n’Imana, ko wari warahakanye incungu kandi ugahakana ko impongano ibaho cyangwa ko ikenewe. Nta na kimwe muri ibyo cyari ukuri. Ariko bamwe mu babivugaga bari abantu bafite inshingano ziremereye, kandi bireherezagaho abigishwa. Bimwe mu byo bigishaga ku birebana n’isezerano rishya bishobora kuba byari ukuri. Ariko se Umwami yabahaye umugisha mu byo bakoraga? Bamwe muri bo bamaze igihe runaka bagira amateraniro, ariko nyuma yaho amatsinda yabo yarasenyutse.

Icyakora Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bo bakomeje kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, nk’uko Yesu yari yarabitegetse abigishwa be. Hagati aho ariko, bakomezaga kwiga Ijambo ry’Imana kandi bakagenzura ibintu byashoboraga kubafasha kurushaho gusobanukirwa. Amaherezo, mu myaka ya 1930, inzitizi z’ibanze zatumaga badashobora gusobanukirwa ibyerekeranye n’amasezerano zavuyeho, maze bakosora ibyari byaravuzwe kuri iyo ngingo mu Munara w’Umurinzi no mu bindi bitabo.d Ibyo byatumye abakomeje gutegereza bihanganye bagira ibyishimo byinshi cyane!

Ese ibyo bari biteze byari bihuje n’ukuri?

Hari igihe Abigishwa ba Bibiliya biringiraga ibintu byatumaga ababanengaga babagira urwamenyo. Ariko ibyo byiringiro byose byari bishingiye ku cyifuzo kivuye ku mutima abo Bakristo barangwaga n’ishyaka bari bafite cyo kubona isohozwa ry’amasezerano y’Imana batekerezaga ko adahinyuka.

Igihe bigaga Ibyanditswe byahumetswe, bamenye ko Yehova yasezeranyije ko azaha umugisha amahanga yose yo mu isi binyuze ku rubyaro rwa Aburahamu (Intang 12:1-3; 22:15-18). Babonye mu Ijambo ry’Imana isezerano rivuga ko Umwana w’umuntu azategekera mu Bwami bwo mu ijuru agategeka isi yose, ko abagize umukumbi muto w’abizerwa bari kuzava mu isi bakajya gutegekana na we mu Bwami bwe, kandi ko bari kuba abami mu gihe cy’imyaka igihumbi (Dan 7:13, 14; Luka 12:32; Ibyah 5:9, 10; 14:1-5; 20:6). Bamenye isezerano rya Yesu ry’uko yari kuzagaruka akajyana abo yateguriye umwanya mu ijuru (Yoh 14:1-3). Nanone bari bazi isezerano ry’uko Mesiya yari gutoranya bamwe muri ba sekuruza bizerwa bakaba abatware mu isi yose (Zab 45:16). Babonye ko Ibyanditswe byari byarahanuye ko iyi si ishaje izarimbuka mu ntambara yo ku munsi ukomeye w’Imana Ishoborabyose, yitwa Harimagedoni (Mat 24:3; Ibyah 16:14, 16). Bari barashishikajwe cyane n’imirongo y’Ibyanditswe igaragaza ko isi yaremewe guturwamo iteka, ko abari kuba bayituyemo bari kuba mu mahoro nyakuri, kandi ko abantu bose bari kwizera igitambo Yesu yatanze ari umuntu utunganye bari kuzabaho iteka muri Paradizo.—Yes 2:4; 45:18; Luka 23:42, 43; Yoh 3:16.

Byari ibisanzwe rero ko bibaza igihe ibyo bintu byari gusohorera n’uko byari gusohora. Ese Ibyanditswe byabahaye igitekerezo?

Batekerezaga ko imyaka 6.000 y’amateka y’abantu yari yararangiye mu mwaka wa 1873 bakurikije ikurikiranyabihe rya Bibiliya ryakozwe na Christopher Bowen wo mu Bwongereza, kandi ko nyuma y’uwo mwaka bari barinjiye mu kinyagihumbi cya karindwi cy’amateka y’abantu, kandi ko rwose bari hafi kwinjira mu museke w’ubutegetsi bw’imyaka igihumbi bwahanuwe. Ibitabo byasohotse byavugaga iby’ubutegetsi bw’imyaka igihumbi (L’Aurore du Millénium, nyuma yaho byaje kwitwa Études des Écritures), byanditswe na C. T. Russell, byagaragazaga icyo ibyo bisobanura hakurikijwe uko Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari basobanukiwe Ibyanditswe icyo gihe.

Ikindi kintu cyasaga naho cyashoboraga kubereka igihe, ni gahunda y’umwaka wa Yubile Imana yari yarashyizeho muri Isirayeli ya kera, ukaba wari umwaka wo kubohorwa wabaga nyuma ya buri myaka 49. Uwo mwaka wabaga nyuma y’ibihe birindwi by’imyaka 7, buri gihe kigasozwa n’umwaka w’isabato. Mu mwaka wa Yubile, abagaragu b’Abaheburayo bahabwaga umudendezo, kandi basubizwaga amasambu yabo gakondo yabaga yaragurishijwe (Lewi 25:8-10). Imibare yakozwe hakurikijwe uko ibyo bihe birindwi by’imyaka 7 byakurikiranaga, yatumye batekereza ko Yubile ikomeye cyane kurushaho y’isi yose ishobora kuba yari yaratangiye ku muhindo w’umwaka wa 1874, kandi ko uko bigaragara Umwami yari yaragarutse muri uwo mwaka ahari mu buryo butagaragara kandi ko “igihe Imana izasubiriza mu buryo ibintu byose” cyari cyarageze.—Ibyak 3:19-21.

Kubera ko Abigishwa ba Bibiliya batekerezaga ko ibintu byabayeho mu kinyejana cya mbere byari bifite ibindi bishushanya byari kuzabaho nyuma yaho, nanone bafashe umwanzuro w’uko niba igihe Yesu yabatizwaga kandi agasukwaho umwuka ku muhindo wo mu mwaka wa 29 byarashushanyaga igihe yatangiraga kuhaba atagaragara mu mwaka wa 1874, ubwo igihe yinjiraga muri Yerusalemu nk’Umwami mu rugaryi rwo mu mwaka wa 33 byagaragazaga ko yari kuba Umwami mu ijuru mu rugaryi rwo mu mwaka wa 1878.e Nanone batekerezaga ko icyo gihe bari guhabwa ingororano yabo yo mu ijuru. Babonye ibyo bitabaye, bageze ku mwanzuro w’uko ubwo abigishwa ba Yesu basutsweho umwuka bari kuzategekana na we muri ubwo bwami, abari basinziriye mu rupfu batangiye kuzuka icyo gihe bahabwa ubuzima bw’umwuka. Nanone batekerezaga ko igihe Imana yarekaga kwita mu buryo bwihariye ku Bisirayeli kavukire mu mwaka wa 36 bishobora kuba bigaragaza ko igihe cyo gutoranya abagize Isirayeli y’umwuka cyari kurangira mu mwaka wa 1881.f

Muri disikuru yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bariho ubu ntibazigera bapfa” J. F. Rutherford yatanze ku itariki ya 21 Werurwe 1920 mu nzu mberabyombi ya Hippodrome mu mugi wa New York, yibanze cyane ku mwaka wa 1925. Ni iki bashingiragaho batekereza ko wari umwaka wihariye? Agatabo kasohotse mu mwaka wa 1920, kagaragaje ko uramutse ubaze imyaka 70 yuzuye ya Yubile uhereye igihe batekerezaga ko ari bwo Abisirayeli binjiye mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano (aho guhera kuri Yubile ya nyuma mbere y’uko bajyanwa mu bunyage i Babuloni hanyuma ukabara kugeza ku ntangiriro y’umwaka wa Yubile ku iherezo ry’icyiciro cya 50), byakugeza ku mwaka wa 1925. Ibyavuzwe muri ako gatabo byatumye abantu benshi biringira ko abasigaye bagize umukumbi muto bashoboraga kuzahabwa ingororano yabo mu ijuru mu mwaka wa 1925. Nanone bari biteze ko muri uwo mwaka abagaragu b’Imana bizerwa babayeho mbere y’Ubukristo bari kuzuka bakaba abatware mu isi bahagarariye Ubwami bw’Imana bwo mu ijuru. Iyo ibyo bibaho byari kuba bisobanura ko abantu binjiye mu gihe urupfu rutari kuba rugitegeka, kandi ko abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bariho icyo gihe bari kugira ibyiringiro byo kutazigera bapfa. Ibyo byari ibintu bishimishije cyane! Nubwo bibeshyaga, bagejeje ibyo byiringiro ku bandi babigiranye ishyaka.

Nyuma yaho, kuva mu mwaka wa 1935 kugeza mu wa 1944, bongeye gusuzuma ikurikiranyabihe rya Bibiliya ryose, babona ko amagambo yo mu Byakozwe 13:19, 20 yahinduwe nabi mu buhinduzi bwa King James Versiong hamwe n’ibindi bintu, byari byaratumye bibeshyaho imyaka isaga ijana.h Ibyo byatumye nyuma yaho batekereza ko ubwo ikinyagihumbi cya karindwi cy’amateka y’abantu cyari gutangira mu mwaka wa 1975, ibintu bifitanye isano n’Ubutegetsi bwa Kristo bw’imyaka igihumbi byari gutangira kuba muri uwo mwaka; rimwe na rimwe bakabivuga bakekeranya, ubundi bakabivuga bashimitse.

Ese ibyo Abahamya ba Yehova bizeraga kuri izo ngingo byari ukuri? Nta gushidikanya ko batibeshyaga igihe bemeraga ko Imana yari gusohoza amasezerano yayo. Ariko imwe mu mibare bakoraga babara ibihe n’ibyo babaga biteze bifitanye isano n’ibyo bihe byatumye bamanjirwa cyane.

Nyuma y’umwaka wa 1925, umubare w’abajyaga mu materaniro waragabanutse cyane mu matorero amwe n’amwe yo mu Bufaransa no mu Busuwisi. Nanone mu mwaka wa 1975, baramanjiriwe igihe ubutegetsi bw’imyaka igihumbi butatangiraga gutegeka nk’uko bari babyiteze. Ibyo byatumye bamwe bitandukanya n’Abahamya. Abandi bo baciwe mu itorero bitewe n’uko bashakaga kubika ukwizera kwa bagenzi babo. Nta gushidikanya ko ibintu bitagenze nk’uko bari babyiteze byabaciye intege, ariko hari n’abari bifitiye ibibazo bari bamaranye igihe. Nanone hari abavugaga ko atari ngombwa kwifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu. Hari abantu batemeraga kuva mu itorero gusa ngo bigendere, ahubwo bakagira amahane, bakarwanya umuryango bahoze bifatanya na wo kandi bagakoresha ibinyamakuru na televiziyo kugira ngo bagaragaze ibitekerezo byabo. Icyakora abitandukanyije natwe bari bake ugereranyije.

Nubwo ibyo bigeragezo byabagosoye bamwe bakagenda nk’umurama utumurwa n’umuyaga iyo bagosora ingano, abandi bo bakomeje gushikama. Byatewe n’iki? Jules Feller yavuze ibyamubayeho we n’abandi mu mwaka wa 1925, agira ati “abiringiraga Yehova barashikamye kandi bakomeza gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza.” Bemeraga ko hari harabayeho kwibeshya ariko ko Ijambo ry’Imana ritigeze rihinyuka mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, bityo ko nta mpamvu bari bafite yo kudohoka ku byiringiro byabo cyangwa ngo bacogore mu murimo wo kubwira abantu ko Ubwami bw’Imana ari bwo byiringiro rukumbi by’abantu.

Hari ibyo bari biteze bitasohoye, ariko ibyo ntibyasobanuraga ko ikurikiranyabihe rya Bibiliya ryose ritaye agaciro. Ubuhanuzi bwa Daniyeli buvuga ko Mesiya yari kuza hashize ibyumweru 69 by’imyaka “uhereye igihe itegeko ryo gusana Yerusalemu no kongera kuyubaka” ryatangiwe, bwasohoreye igihe mu mwaka wa 29 (Dan 9:24-27).i Umwaka wa 1914 na wo wari waravuzwe mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya.

Ibyari byitezwe mu mwaka wa 1914 n’ibyabaye

Mu mwaka wa 1876, C. T. Russell yanditse ingingo ya mbere mu ngingo nyinshi yanditse avuga ko Ibihe by’Amahanga Yesu Kristo yavuze byari kuzarangira mu mwaka wa 1914 (Luka 21:24). Mu mubumbe wa kabiri w’igitabo cyasobanuraga iby’ubutegetsi bw’imyaka igihumbi (Aurore du millénium, wasohotse mu mwaka wa 1889), umuvandimwe Russell yatanze ibitekerezo birambuye byari gufasha abasomyi gutekereza bakabona ko ibyari byanditswe muri uwo mubumbe byari bihuje n’Ibyanditswe kandi bagashobora kubyigenzurira. Mu myaka igera hafi kuri 40 yabanjirije umwaka wa 1914, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya batanze ibitabo bibarirwa muri za miriyoni byibandaga ku iherezo ry’Ibihe by’Amahanga. Hari ibindi bitabo bike by’amadini byavugaga ko ikurikiranyabihe rya Bibiliya rigaragaza ko umwaka wa 1914 wari kuzaba umwaka wihariye. Ariko se ni irihe tsinda rindi, uretse Abigishwa ba Bibiliya, ryabimenyesheje abantu bo hirya no hino ku isi, kandi abarigize bakabaho mu buryo bwagaragazaga ko bemeraga ko Ibihe by’Amahanga byari kurangira muri uwo mwaka?

Igihe umwaka wa 1914 wari wegereje, ibyiringiro byabo byariyongereye. Ibyo byasobanuraga iki? Mu gatabo kasohokaga buri kwezi (L’Étudiant de la Bible, Umubumbe wa VI, No. 1, kasohotse mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1914), umuvandimwe Russell yaranditse ati “niba twarabaze ikurikiranyabihe neza, ibihe by’amahanga bizarangira muri uyu mwaka wa 1914. Ibyo bisobanura iki? Ntitubizi neza. Twiteze ko ubutegetsi bwa Mesiya buzatangira gutegeka ku iherezo ry’Ibihe by’Amahanga. Icyo twiteze, twaba twibeshya cyangwa tutibeshya, ni uko imanza Imana yaciriye abakiranirwa bose zizagaragazwa mu buryo buhebuje, kandi ibyo bizaba bisobanura ko gahunda nyinshi, niba atari zose, ziriho ubu zizakurwaho.” Yatsindagirije ko atari yiteze ko “imperuka y’isi” yari kuba mu mwaka wa 1914 kandi ko iyi si izahoraho iteka, ahubwo yari yiteze ko gahunda ziri mu isi itegekwa na Satani zigomba kuvaho.

Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 15 Ukwakira 1913, waravuze uti “dukurikije ikurikiranyabihe dushobora kubara neza uko dushoboye kose, twavuga ko ugereranyije igihe ari iki, mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1914 cyangwa nyuma yaho. Nubwo tudatsimbaraye cyane kuri icyo gitekerezo, twiteze ko hari ibintu bizaba: (1) Ibihe by’Amahanga bizarangira, ni ukuvuga igihe amahanga yamaze afite ubutegetsi muri iyi si kandi (2) Ubwami bwa Mesiya buzatangira gutegeka isi.”

Ibyo byari gusohora bite? Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bumvaga bihuje n’ubwenge kwitega ko abo Imana yatoranyije ngo bazategekane na Kristo mu Bwami bwo mu ijuru bari kuba bakiri ku isi bari guhabwa ikuzo. Ariko se bari kumva bameze bate iyo ibyo bitaba mu mwaka wa 1914? Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku ya 15 Mata 1916, waravuze uti “twizeye ko amatariki twabaze ari yo koko. Twemera ko Ibihe by’Amahanga byarangiye.” Icyakora, wongeyeho udaciye ku ruhande uti “Umwami ntiyigeze avuga ko Itorero ryose rizahabwa ikuzo mu mwaka wa 1914. Ni twe twigereye kuri uwo mwanzuro, ariko uko bigaragara twaribeshye.”

Muri ubwo buryo, bari bameze nk’intumwa za Yesu. Izo ntumwa zari zizi ubuhanuzi bwerekeye Ubwami bw’Imana kandi zatekerezaga ko zibwizera. Ariko mu bihe binyuranye zagiye zitega ibintu bidahuje n’ukuri ku birebana n’uko ubwo buhanuzi bwagombaga gusohora n’igihe bwari gusohorera. Ibyo byatumye bamwe bamanjirwa.—Luka 19:11; 24:19-24; Ibyak 1:6.

Igihe ukwezi k’Ukwakira 1914 kwarangiraga badahawe ubuzima bwo mu ijuru nk’uko bari babyiteze, umuvandimwe Russell yari azi ko ibyo byari gutuma abantu bibaza ibibazo bikomeye mu mitima yabo. Yanditse mu Munara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Ugushyingo 1914, ati “nimucyo twibuke ko turi mu gihe cyo kugeragezwa. Intumwa na zo zahuye n’ikigeragezo nk’icyo uhereye nyuma y’urupfu rw’Umwami wacu kugeza kuri Pentekote. Umwami wacu amaze kuzuka, yabonekeye abigishwa be incuro nke, hanyuma hashira iminsi myinshi batamubona. Hanyuma bacitse intege, maze baravuga bati ‘nta mpamvu yo gukomeza gutegereza’; umwe aravuga ati ‘ngiye kuroba.’ Abandi babiri na bo baramubwira bati ‘natwe turajyana nawe.’ Bari bagiye kureka umurimo wo kuroba abantu ngo bisubirire mu kazi bahozemo ko kuroba amafi. Muri icyo gihe abigishwa barimo bageragezwa. Natwe rero, ni cyo gihe turimo. Niba hari impamvu iyo ari yo yose yatuma umuntu areka Umwami n’ukuri kwe, akareka kwitangira umurimo w’Umwami, uwo ntiyaba yarakoreraga Umwami abitewe n’uko yakundaga Imana mu mutima we, ahubwo yaba yarabiterwaga n’indi mpamvu; wenda akaba yaratekerezaga ko igihe cyari gisigaye cyari gito cyane; ko kwiyegurira Umwami byari iby’igihe gito.”

Uko ni ko byari bimeze kuri bamwe. Ibitekerezo byabo n’ibyifuzo byabo byari bishingiye mbere na mbere ku byiringiro by’uko bari guhindurwa bagahabwa ubuzima bwo mu ijuru. Igihe ibyo bitasohoraga mu gihe bari babyiteze, bafunze ubwenge bwabo ntibasobanukirwa ibintu bitangaje byabaye mu mwaka wa 1914. Birengagije ibintu byose by’ukuri kw’agaciro bari baramenye mu Ijambo ry’Imana, batangira kunnyega abantu bari barabafashije kumenya ibyo bintu.

Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bicishije bugufi bongera gusuzuma Ibyanditswe, kugira ngo bareke Ijambo ry’Imana rikosore uko babonaga ibintu. Bakomeje kwemera badashidikanya ko Ibihe by’Amahanga byarangiye mu mwaka wa 1914. Buhoro buhoro, baje kubona neza uko Ubwami bwa Mesiya bwari bwaratangiye gutegeka; ko bwari bwarashyizweho mu ijuru igihe Yehova yahaga Umwana we Yesu Kristo ububasha; kandi ko atagombaga gutegereza ko abazaraganwa na we bazuka bagahabwa ubuzima bwo mu ijuru ko ahubwo bari kuzahanwa ikuzo na we nyuma yaho. Nanone basobanukiwe ko bitari ngombwa ko abahanuzi bizerwa ba kera babanza kuzurwa kugira ngo Ubwami bubone gukwira hose, ko ahubwo Umwami yari gukoresha Abakristo b’indahemuka bariho ubu bakamuhagararira, bagaha abantu bo mu mahanga yose uburyo bwo kubaho iteka ku isi ari abayoboke b’ubwo Bwami.

Bamaze gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu neza, barongeye barageragezwa kandi baragosorwa. Icyakora abakundaga Yehova by’ukuri kandi bakishimira kumukorera bishimiraga cyane inshingano yabahaye.—Ibyah 3:7, 8.

Umwe muri abo ni A. H. Macmillan. Nyuma yaho yaranditse ati “nubwo tutajyanywe mu ijuru mu mwaka wa 1914 nk’uko twari tubyiteze, muri uwo mwaka ni bwo Ibihe by’Amahanga byarangiye . . . Ntitwabujijwe amahwemo cyane n’uko ibyo twari twiteze byose bitasohoye, kubera ko twari duhugiye mu mirimo yo gutegura filimi ivuga iby’irema (Photo-Drame), no gukemura ibibazo byatewe n’intambara.” Yakomeje gukora umurimo wa Yehova kandi yashimishijwe cyane no kubona ababwiriza b’Ubwami biyongera bagasaga miriyoni mu gihe cy’ubuzima bwe.

Yashubije amaso inyuma areba ibyamubayeho mu myaka 66 yari amaze akorera Yehova, maze aravuga ati “nabonye ibigeragezo byinshi bikaze byageze ku muryango w’abagaragu ba Yehova, mbona n’ukuntu ukwizera kw’abari muri uwo muryango kwageragejwe. Umwuka w’Imana watumye uwo muryango utsinda ibyo bigeragezo byose kandi ukomeza gusagamba.” Ku birebana n’ibintu byagiye binonosorwa mu birebana n’uko bari basobanukiwe ukuri, yakomeje agira ati “ukuri kw’ibanze twamenye mu Byanditswe ntikwigeze guhinduka. Bityo, namenye ko twagombye kwemera amakosa yacu tugakomeza gushakisha mu Ijambo ry’Imana kugira ngo turusheho kubona umucyo. Ibintu byose byari kuba ngombwa ko duhindura mu bihe bitandukanye ku birebana n’uko twabonaga ibintu, ntibyari guhindura igitambo gihebuje cy’incungu n’isezerano ry’Imana ry’ubuzima bw’iteka.”

Mu gihe cy’ubuzima bw’umuvandimwe Macmillan yabonye ko mu bintu byagerageje ukwizera kwabo, ubushake bwo kubwiriza no guha agaciro umuryango wa gitewokarasi ari byo byagaragaje by’ukuri ibyari mu mitima y’abantu. Mu buhe buryo?

Umurimo wo kubwiriza n’imikorere y’umuryango byateje ikibazo

Guhera kuri nomero ya mbere, Umunara w’Umurinzi washishikarije buri Mukristo w’ukuri kugeza ukuri ku bandi, kandi wagendaga urushaho gutsindagiriza iyo ngingo mu nomero zakurikiyeho. Nyuma yaho, abasomyi b’Umunara w’Umurinzi bashishikarizwaga kenshi guha agaciro inshingano yiyubashye bahawe yo gutangariza abandi ubutumwa bwiza. Benshi babwirizaga mu rugero ruciriritse, ariko hari bake ugereranyije bafataga iya mbere muri uwo murimo, bakabwiriza ku nzu n’inzu kugira ngo batume buri wese yumva ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami.

Icyakora, guhera mu mwaka wa 1919, kwifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza byaratsindagirijwe cyane kurushaho. Umuvandimwe Rutherford yabitsindagirije muri disikuru yatanze muri uwo mwaka i Cedar Point muri leta ya Ohio. Buri torero ryasabaga ko umuryango wa Watch Tower Society warishyiriraho gahunda yo kubwiriza ryahabwaga umuyobozi w’umurimo washyirwagaho n’uwo muryango kugira ngo yite ku murimo wo kubwiriza. Yagombaga gufata iya mbere kandi akareba niba itorero rifite ibyo ryabaga rikeneye byose.

Mu mwaka wa 1922, Umunara w’Umurinzi wasohoye ingingo yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Umurimo wo kubwiriza ni ingenzi.” Wagaragaje ko abantu bari bakeneye cyane kumva ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami, ugaruka ku itegeko rya Yesu ry’ubuhanuzi riri muri Matayo 24:14, maze ubwira abasaza bo mu matorero uti “ntihakagire umuntu utekereza ko umurimo we wo kubwiriza ugomba kugarukira gusa ku kubwiriza ku munwa bitewe n’uko ari umusaza w’itorero. Niba ashobora kujya mu bantu akabaha ubutumwa bucapye, uwo ni umurimo wiyubashye kandi ni ukubwiriza ivanjiri, akenshi bikaba bigira icyo bigeraho kurusha ubundi buryo bwo kubwiriza.” Hanyuma iyo ngingo yarabajije iti “ese hari umuntu wiyeguriye Umwami by’ukuri wabona impamvu yumvikana ituma atagira icyo akora muri iki gihe?”

Hari abanze kubwiriza. Bashakishaga impamvu zose z’urwitwazo zo kutabwiriza. Batekerezaga ko “kugurisha ibitabo” bidakwiriye, nubwo umurimo wakorwaga utari ugamije inyungu, kandi ibyo bitabo ari byo byari byaratumye bamenya ukuri ku byerekeye Ubwami bw’Imana. Igihe bashishikarizwaga kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu ku cyumweru batanga ibitabo guhera mu mwaka wa 1926, hari ababirwanyije nubwo ku cyumweru ari umunsi abantu benshi baba barahariye gusenga Imana. Ariko ubundi ikibazo gikomeye bari bafite, ni uko batekerezaga ko kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu bibatesha agaciro. Nyamara Bibiliya ivuga mu buryo bwumvikana neza ko Yesu yohereje abigishwa be kubwiriza abantu babasanze mu ngo zabo, kandi n’intumwa Pawulo yabwirizaga “mu ruhame no ku nzu n’inzu.”—Ibyak 20:20; Mat 10:5-14.

Uko barushagaho gutsindagiriza akamaro ko kubwiriza, abantu batari bafite umutima ubashishikariza kwigana Yesu n’intumwa ze mu birebana no kubwiriza, bagiye bava mu itorero. Mu itorero ry’i Skive muri Danimarike no mu yandi matorero, hasigaye abagera kuri kimwe cya kabiri. Mu bantu babarirwaga mu ijana cyangwa barenga bari bagize itorero ry’i Dublin muri Irilande, hasigaye bane gusa. Abo muri Amerika, Kanada, Noruveje no mu bindi bihugu, na bo bageragejwe muri ubwo buryo kandi baragosorwa. Ibyo byatumye amatorero asukurwa.

Abantu bifuzaga by’ukuri kwigana Umwana w’Imana bakiriye neza inkunga bahabwaga n’Ibyanditswe. Icyakora nubwo bari bafite ubushake, kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu ntibyaboroheraga. Bamwe gutangiza ibiganiro byarabagoraga. Ariko gahunda zo kubwiriza mu matsinda no mu gihe cy’amakoraniro yihariye zabateye inkunga. Bashiki bacu babiri bo mu majyaruguru ya Jutland muri Danimarike ntibazigera bibagirwa umunsi wa mbere bagiye mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Bahuriye hamwe mu itsinda, bahabwa amabwiriza, bajya mu ifasi yabo ariko nyuma batangira kurira. Abavandimwe babiri barabibonye maze batumira abo bashiki bacu ngo bajyane mu murimo. Bidatinze bongeye kwishima. Bamaze gusogongera ku murimo wo kubwiriza, benshi basabwe n’ibyishimo kandi bashishikariye gukora byinshi kurushaho.

Hanyuma mu mwaka wa 1932, Umunara w’Umurinzi wasohotsemo ingingo igizwe n’ibice bibiri, yari ifite umutwe ugira uti “Umuryango wa Yehova” (Inomero yo ku ya 15 Kanama n’iyo ku ya 1 Nzeri). Uwo Munara w’Umurinzi wagaragaje ko gutora abasaza b’itorero bitari bihuje n’Ibyanditswe. Amatorero yatewe inkunga y’uko abagabo bafata iya mbere mu murimo wo kubwiriza ari bo bonyine bahabwa inshingano, ni ukuvuga abagabo babaho mu buryo buhuje n’izina ry’Abahamya ba Yehova. Abo bagabo bari kuba bagize komite y’umurimo. Umwe muri bo, wabaga yatoranyijwe n’itorero, yashyirwagaho n’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society akaba umuyobozi w’umurimo. I Belfast muri Irilande, iryo hinduka ryagosoye abandi bari bafite icyifuzo cyo kwishakira icyubahiro aho gukora umurimo usaba kwicisha bugufi.

Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1930, abenshi mu babwiriza bo mu Budage bari baracitse intege mu murimo wo kubwiriza bavuye mu itorero. Abandi bavuyemo mu mwaka wa 1933 bitewe n’ubwoba, igihe umurimo wabuzanywaga mu ntara nyinshi z’u Budage. Ariko ababarirwa mu bihumbi bihanganiye ibyo bigeragezo byageragezaga ukwizera kwabo, maze bagaragaza ko bifuzaga kubwiriza batitaye ku kaga bari guhura na ko.

Hirya no hino ku isi, umurimo wo gutangaza Ubwami wafashe intera ndende. Umurimo wo kubwiriza wabaye igice cy’ingenzi mu bigize imibereho y’Abahamya ba Yehova bose. Urugero, itorero ry’i Oslo muri Noruveje, ryakodeshaga za bisi mu mpera z’ibyumweru, zikajyana ababwiriza mu migi yo hafi aho. Bahuraga kare mu gitondo, bakagera mu ifasi saa tatu cyangwa saa yine, bakamara amasaha arindwi cyangwa umunani babwirizanya ishyaka muri iyo fasi, hanyuma bagahurira kuri za bisi, bagataha. Abandi bakoraga ingendo ku magare, bakajya mu byaro bafite ibikapu birimo ibitabo n’amakarito arimo ibindi bari gukenera. Abahamya ba Yehova babaga bishimye, bafite ishyaka kandi bagakora ibyo Imana ishaka bunze ubumwe.

Mu mwaka wa 1938, igihe bongeraga gusuzuma uko abagabo bafite inshingano mu matorero bashyirwaho,j igitekerezo cyo gukuraho amatora yose y’abahabwa inshingano mu itorero, muri rusange cyakiriwe neza. Amatorero yishimiraga gufata ibyemezo byagaragazaga ko yishimiye ubwo buyobozi bwa gitewokarasi kandi agasaba “umuryango wa Watch Tower Society” (yumvaga ko ugizwe n’abasigaye basutsweho umwuka cyangwa umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge) gushyira itorero kuri gahunda kugira ngo rikore umurimo wo kubwiriza kandi ushyireho n’abakozi bose. Nyuma yaho Inteko Nyobozi yatanze inshingano mu matorero kandi iyashyira kuri gahunda kugira ngo akore yunze ubumwe kandi atange umusaruro. Amatsinda make gusa ni yo yitandukanyije n’uwo muryango bitewe n’iryo hinduka.

Biyeguriye mu buryo bwuzuye umurimo wo gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami

Kugira ngo umuryango ukomeze kwemerwa na Yehova, ugomba kwiyegurira mu buryo bwuzuye umurimo Ijambo rye ritegeka ko ugomba gukorwa muri iki gihe. Uwo murimo ni ukubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bw’Imana (Mat 24:14). Icyakora hari igihe abantu bagiraga ishyaka mu murimo w’Umwami ariko nanone bakagerageza kubyitwaza bateza imbere gahunda zatumaga bagenzi babo bajya mu yindi mirimo ibarangaza. Iyo bacyahwaga byababeraga ikigeragezo, cyane cyane iyo bumvaga ko ibyo bakoraga babaga bagamije intego nziza.

Ibyo byabaye muri Finilande mu mwaka wa 1915, igihe bamwe mu bavandimwe bashingaga ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi ryitwaga Ararat maze bagakoresha amapaji y’Umunara w’umurinzi w’igifinwa bagashishikariza abasomyi bawo kurijyamo. Umwe mu bari baratangije iryo shyirahamwe muri Finilande yicishije bugufi yemera inama igihe umuvandimwe Russell yamwerekaga ko we na bagenzi be bari baremeye “kuyoba bagatandukira umurimo w’ingenzi w’Ivanjiri.” Icyakora undi muvandimwe wari warakoreye Yehova abigiranye ishyaka mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga icumi muri Noruveje, yanze iyo nama abitewe n’ubwibone.

Mu myaka ya 1930, muri Amerika naho havutse ikibazo nk’icyo. Hari amatorero yicapiraga buri kwezi impapuro zabaga zirimo amabwiriza y’umurimo wo kubwiriza zabaga zirimo ibitekerezo byasohotse mu Murimo Wacu w’Ubwami (icyo gihe witwaga Bulletin) n’inkuru z’ibyabaye mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Zimwe muri izo, zacapirwaga i Baltimore muri Maryland, zashyigikiraga umurimo wo kubwiriza ariko nanone zakoreshwaga mu kwamamaza ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi. Mu mizo ya mbere, umuvandimwe Rutherford yabaye nk’uwemeye zimwe muri izo nyandiko. Ariko bamaze kubona ingaruka zashoboraga guterwa no kwishora muri ibyo bikorwa, Umunara w’Umurinzi wavuze ko umuryango wa Watch Tower Society utari ubishyigikiye. Ibyo byabereye ikigeragezo gikomeye Anton Koerber, kuko yifuzaga gufasha abavandimwe be akoresheje ubwo buryo. Icyakora nyuma y’igihe, yongeye gukoresha ubushobozi bwe bwose ateza imbere umurimo wo kubwiriza ukorwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova.

Ikibazo nk’icyo cyavutse muri Ositaraliya guhera mu mwaka wa 1938 kandi cyarushijeho gufata intera ndende igihe ibikorwa by’Abahamya byari byarabuzanyijwe (kuva muri Mutarama 1941 kugeza muri Kamena 1943). Ibiro by’ishami byahise byishora mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’ubucuruzi kugira ngo byite ku bintu byasaga naho bikenewe cyane. Ibyo byatumye bakora ikosa rikomeye. Bari bafite imashini zibaza, “amasambu y’Ubwami” arenga 20, ibiro byiga imishinga, ifuru ikora imigati n’indi mishinga. Bari bafite amacapiro abiri y’ubucuruzi yatumye bashobora gukomeza gusohora ibitabo rwihishwa igihe umurimo wabo wari warabuzanyijwe. Nubwo bitwazaga ko ibyo bakoraga byatumaga babona amafaranga kandi bagashyigikira abapayiniya mu gihe umurimo wari warabuzanyijwe, bimwe muri ibyo bikorwa by’ubucuruzi byatumye batandukira ukutabogama kwa gikristo. Icyakora hari bamwe umutimanama wabuzaga amahwemo cyane. Nubwo abenshi bagumye mu muryango w’Abahamya, muri rusange umurimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami wasaga n’uwahagaze. Ni iki cyatumaga Yehova atabaha umugisha?

Igihe itegeko ryabuzanyaga umurimo ryakurwagaho muri Kamena 1943, abavandimwe bakoraga ku biro by’ishami icyo gihe basobanukiwe ko iyo mishinga yose yagombaga guhagarara, kugira ngo bite ku murimo w’ingenzi cyane kuruta iyindi wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami. Mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu ibyo byari bimaze gushyirwa mu bikorwa kandi abagize umuryango wa Beteli baragabanuka hasigara umubare uringaniye. Ariko hari hagikenewe ko ibintu bisobanuka neza kugira ngo bongere kugirira icyizere umuryango wa Watch Tower mu buryo bwuzuye.

Mu mwaka wa 1947 Nathan H. Knorr wari perezida w’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society n’umunyamabanga we M. G. Henschel bagiye muri Ositaraliya, bajyanywe by’umwihariko no gukemura icyo kibazo. Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Kamena 1947 wavuze kuri icyo kibazo gihereranye n’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byakorwaga ugira uti “ako kazi ntikari akazi gasanzwe abavandimwe bakoraga buri munsi bagamije gushaka ikibatunga, ahubwo ibiro by’ishami byakoze imishinga itandukanye, hanyuma bikajya bitumira ababwiriza bo mu duce twose tw’igihugu, by’umwihariko abapayiniya, bakaza gukora muri iyo mishinga aho kujya kubwiriza ivanjiri.” Ibyo byatumye bagera n’aho bashyigikira intambara batabizi. Mu makoraniro yabereye mu mugi ukomeye wa buri ntara, umuvandimwe Knorr yabwiye abavandimwe ibirebana n’icyo kibazo adaciye ku ruhande. Muri buri koraniro, abavandimwe bo muri Ositaraliya bafataga icyemezo bakemera ko bakosheje kandi bagasaba Yehova ngo abagirire impuhwe kandi abababarire binyuze kuri Yesu Kristo. Uko bigaragara rero, byasabye kugira amakenga ndetse habaho n’ibigeragezo kugira ngo Abahamya bakomeze kwiyegurira mu buryo bwuzuye umurimo wo gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bw’Imana.

Iyo Abahamya ba Yehova bashubije amaso inyuma bakareba amateka yabo muri iki gihe, bibonera gihamya y’uko mu by’ukuri Yehova yagiye atunganya abagize ubwoko bwe (Mal 3:1-3). Buhoro buhoro, yagiye abakuramo imyifatire, imyizerere n’ibikorwa bibi, kandi abantu bose bakomezaga kubyizirikaho bajyanaga na byo. Hasigaye abantu batifuza gutandukira ukuri kwa Bibiliya ngo bagusimbuze filozofiya z’abantu. Si abigishwa b’umuntu runaka ahubwo ni abagaragu ba Yehova Imana bamwiyeguriye. Bishimira kwemera ubuyobozi bahabwa kubera ko bibonera gihamya idashidikanywaho y’uko buba buturutse kuri Yehova. Bishimira umucyo w’ukuri ugenda wiyongera (Imig 4:18). Buri wese abona ko kuba Umuhamya wa Yehova urangwa n’ishyaka, utangaza Ubwami bw’Imana ari inshingano yiyubashye.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 619]

Ntibatunguwe n’uko bageragejwe kandi bakagosorwa

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 621]

‘Banze kuyobywa ngo batandukire Ijambo ry’Umwami’

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 623]

“Ntidushaka ko hagira abaduha ibyubahiro birenze cyangwa bagakabya kubaha inyandiko zacu”

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 624]

“Imana iracyatuyobora”

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 626]

‘Umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ ntiyavuyeho igihe umuvandimwe Russell yapfaga

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 627]

Bakoreshaga amayeri yuzuye ubugome kugira ngo baroge ubwenge bw’abandi

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 628]

Bamwe bemeye ko ubwibone bwangiza ukwizera kwabo

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 629]

“Murebe abateza amacakubiri. . . mubirinde”

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 630]

Hari abakwirakwizaga ibinyoma bavuga ko “Umunara w’Umurinzi” wahakanye incungu

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 635]

“Ni twe twigereye kuri uwo mwanzuro, ariko uko bigaragara twaribeshye”

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 636]

Abakundaga Yehova by’ukuri bishimiraga inshingano yari abahaye yo kumukorera

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 638]

“Ese hari umuntu wiyeguriye Umwami by’ukuri wabona impamvu yumvikana ituma atagira icyo akora muri iki gihe?”

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 641]

Buhoro buhoro, yagiye abakuramo imyifatire, imyizerere n’ibikorwa bibi

[Agasanduku/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 622]

W. E. Van Amburgh

Mu mwaka wa 1916, W. E. Van Amburgh yaravuze ati “uyu murimo ukomeye ukorerwa ku isi hose si umurimo w’umuntu. . . . Ni umurimo w’Imana.” Nubwo yabonye abandi bareka kuwukora, yakomeje kuwubona atyo kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1947, afite imyaka 83.

[Agasanduku/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 633]

Jules Feller

Igihe Jules Feller yari akiri muto yiboneye ibigeragezo bikomeye byageragezaga ukwizera. Mu matorero amwe yo mu Busuwisi abari bayagize baragabanutse hasigara abagera kuri kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa kitagezeho. Ariko nyuma yaho yaranditse ati “abiringiraga Yehova bakomeje gushikama bakomeza umurimo wabo wo kubwiriza.” Umuvandimwe Feller na we yiyemeje kubigenza atyo, kandi kugeza mu mwaka wa 1992 yari amaze imyaka 68 akora kuri Beteli.

[Agasanduku/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 634]

C. J. Woodworth

C. J. Woodworth yandikiye umuntu waretse gukorera Yehova abitewe n’uko abigishwa ba Yesu basutsweho umwuka batajyanywe mu ijuru mu mwaka wa 1914, agira ati

“Ubu hashize imyaka 20, icyo gihe jye nawe twemeraga umubatizo w’impinja; twemeraga ko Imana yahaye abayobozi b’amadini uburenganzira bwo kubatiza impinja; ko umubatizo wari ngombwa kugira ngo turokoke umuriro w’iteka; ko Imana ari urukundo; ko Imana yaremye kandi ko ikomeje kurema abantu mu ishusho yayo babarirwa muri za miriyari bazamara imyaka itabarika bababarizwa mu myotsi y’umuriro w’amazuku, batakamba basaba nibura igitonyanga cy’amazi kugira ngo boroherezwe ububabare ariko nta wubumva . . .

“Twemeraga ko nyuma y’urupfu, umuntu akomeza kubaho; tukemera ko Yesu Kristo atigeze apfa; ko atashoboraga gupfa; ko nta ncungu yigeze itangwa cyangwa izigera itangwa; ko Yehova Imana na Yesu Kristo Umwana we ari umuntu umwe kandi ko ari bamwe; ko Kristo ari we wari Se; ko Yesu ari we wari Umwana; ko umwuka wera ari umuperisona; ko rimwe kongera ho rimwe bingana na rimwe; ko igihe Yesu yari amanitse ku musaraba akavuga ngo ‘Mana yanjye, Mana yanjye ni iki gitumye untererana,’ ko ngo ari we wibwiraga; . . . ko ubwami buriho ubu ari igice cy’Ubwami bwa Kristo; ko Satani yakuweho akajugunywa ikuzimu ahantu hatazwi, aho kumva ko ari we uyobora ubwami bwose bw’iyi si . . .

“Ndasingiza Imana ku bw’umunsi yamenyesheje ukuri nzi ubu. Kwari gushimishije rwose, kugarurira ubuyanja ubwenge n’umutima, ku buryo nahise nzibukira inyigisho z’ibinyoma n’uburyarya twahoze twizera, kandi Imana yarankoresheje kugira ngo mpumure amaso yawe. Twembi twishimiraga ukuri, tumarana imyaka 15 dukorana. Umwami yaragutonesheje cyane akugira umuvugizi we; nta wundi muntu nigeze mbona wakurushaga kugaragaza neza ko inyigisho zikomoka i Babuloni ari ubupfu. Mu ibaruwa yawe urabaza uti ‘none hazakurikiraho iki?’ Aha, ibyo ni byo bibabaje! Icyakurikiyeho, ni uko waretse umutima wawe ukarakarira uwatumye ukuri kugera mu mitima yacu twembi bitewe n’ibikorwa bye byuje urukundo n’umugisha we uturuka mu ijuru. None waragiye, kandi wajyanye intama nyinshi. . . .

“Wenda ushobora kuba unseka bitewe n’uko ntagiye mu ijuru ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1914, ariko jye singuseka, oya ntibikabeho!

“Muri iki gihe ibihugu icumi bikomeye mu isi birimo bisamba, simbona ko ari cyo gihe cyo guseka umuntu, kandi uwo muntu ari we wenyine wamaze imyaka igera kuri 40 yigisha ko ibihe by’amahanga byari kuzarangira mu mwaka wa 1914.”

Ukwizera k’umuvandimwe Woodworth ntikwigeze guhungabana igihe ibintu bitagendaga nk’uko bari babyiteze mu mwaka wa 1914. Ahubwo yabonye gusa ko bari bagifite byinshi bagomba kumenya. Kubera ko yiringiraga umugambi w’Imana, hagati y’umwaka wa 1918-1919 yamaze amezi icyenda muri gereza. Nyuma yaho yabaye umwanditsi wa “Nimukanguke!” Yakomeje gushikama mu byo kwizera kandi abera Yehova indahemuka kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1951, afite imyaka 81.

[Agasanduku/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 637]

A. H. Macmillan

“Nabonye ko ari iby’ubwenge gutegereza twihanganye ko Yehova adufasha gusobanukirwa Ibyanditswe, aho guteshwa umutwe n’igitekerezo gishya. Rimwe na rimwe ibyo twabaga twiteze ku itariki runaka byabaga birenze ibyo Ibyanditswe byavugaga. Iyo ibyo twabaga twiteze bitasohoraga, ntibyahinduraga imigambi y’Imana.”

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 620]

Ikigeragezo gikomeye cy’ukwizera cyari gihereranye no kwemera ko amaraso ya Kristo ashobora kuba impongano y’ibyaha

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 625]

Bamwe mu bakundaga cyane Russell babonye ko uko bitwaye ku mikorere ya Rutherford byagaragaje uwo mu by’ukuri bakoreraga

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 639]

Igihe barushagaho kwibanda ku murimo wo kubwiriza, benshi baretse kuwifatanyamo abandi barushaho kugira ishyaka

“Umunara w’Umurinzi,” 1 Mata 1928

“Umunara w’Umurinzi,” 15 Kamena 1927

“Umunara w’Umurinzi,” 15 Kanama 1922

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 640]

Igihe basobanukirwaga ko bagomba kurushaho kugendera ku mikorere ya gitewokarasi, abishakiraga icyubahiro baragosowe