Ibibazo by’Abasomyi

◼ Mbese, birakwiriye ko Abakristo baha indabyo umuryango wapfushije umuntu, cyangwa bakawoherereza izo gushyira ku gituro?

Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, bamenyereye kubigenza batyo. Ariko kandi, mu bihe bimwe, gukoresha indabyo mu gihe cyo guhamba byagiye bigira ishusho ya kidini. Rero, reka dusuzume icyo kibazo mu buryo burambuye, cyane cyane ubwo kigendana n’indi migenzo isa n’aho ifitanye isano n’idini y’ikinyoma. Dore ibivugwa kuri iyo ngingo mu gitabo cyitwa The Encyclopedia of Religion (1987):

“Indabyo ziri mu bintu biziririzwa, kuko zikunze kujyanirana n’ibivugwa ku mana n’imanakazi. Flora, imanakazi y’Abaroma igenga indabyo hamwe n’igihe cyazo, iziha ubwiza n’impumuro nziza . . . [Abantu] bashobora gusenga imana no gucubya uburakari bwazo . . . batanga amaturo y’ibyo kurya hamwe n’indabyo.

“Gukoresha indabyo mu mihango yo guhamba biboneka mu isi yose. Abagiriki n’Abaroma batwikirizaga indabyo imirambo n’ibituro byabo. Ababuda bo mu Buyapani bavuga ko iyo umuntu arimo apfa ubugingo bwe buzamurirwa ku kimera cyitwa lotus, ndetse n’urukuta rw’urwibutso rwubakwa kuri buri gituro barwubaka hejuru y’urufatiro rufite ishusho y’icyo kimera . . . Abo muri Tahiti bashyira iruhande rw’umurambo w’uwapfuye indabyo zikikijwe n’ibishihe maze bakanawusukaho amarashi akomoka mu ndabyo kugira ngo bamworohereze urugendo rwo mu nzira igana iwabo w’abapfuye . . . Nanone kandi, indabyo zishobora kuboneka mu bihe by’iminsi mikuru ya kidini mu buryo bw’imibavu cyangwa amarashi.”

Kuberako indabyo zagiye zikoreshwa mu bintu bifitanye isano n’idini y’ikinyoma, Abakristo bamwe biyumvisemo ko batagomba gutanga indabyo cyangwa ngo bazoherereze abantu mu gihe cyo guhamba. Nanone, ibyiyumvo byabo bishobora kurangwamo icyifuzo cyo kwirinda kwivanga mu migenzo y’isi, kuko abigishwa ba Yesu batagomba ‘kuba ab’isi’ (Yohana 15:​19). Icyakora, birakwiriye no kuzirikana icyo imirongo imwe n’imwe ya Bibiliya ibivugaho, hamwe n’imiterere y’akarere.

Indabyo ni zimwe mu mpano nziza Imana yahaye abantu kugira ngo bishime (Ibyakozwe 14:​15-17; Yakobo 1:​17). Indabyo ziri mu byiza yaremye byagiye bikoreshwa mu gusenga k’ukuri. Igitereko cy’amatabaza cyari mu ihema [ry’ibonaniro] cyari kirimbishijwe “n’uburabyo bg’indozi, n’ibibumbabumbye” (Kuva 25:​31-34). Mu mashusho yari atatse urusengero harimo n’indabyo zisambuye hamwe n’iz’imikindo (1 Abami 6:​18, 29, 32). Uko bigaragara rero, kuba abapagani barakoreshaga indabyo n’imyishywa, ntibivuga ko abasenga by’ukuri bagomba kwirinda kuzikoresha.​—⁠Ibyakozwe 14:13.

Noneho se, bimeze bite ku bihereranye n’imihango ikorwa muri rusange, nk’ikorwa mu gihe cyo guhamba? Bibiliya ivuga ibihereranye n’imihango myinshi, imwe ikaba idakwiriye ku basenga by’ukuri, indi ikaba yaragiye ikurikizwa n’ubwoko bw’Imana. Mu 1 Abami 18:​28 havugwa iby’ ‘umugenzo’ w’abasengaga Baali ‘bagatera hejuru, bikebesha ibyuma n’intambi’​—⁠umugenzo abasenga by’ukuri badakwiriye gukurikiza. Ku rundi ruhande, muri Rusi 4:7 havuga iby’ “umuhango [utabuzanijwe] w’Abisiraeli w’[uburyo bwo] gucungura.”

Ndetse no mu bintu by’idini, hashobora kwiyongeramo imihango yemerwa n’Imana. Mu gihe Imana yavugaga iby’imihango ya Pasika, ntabwo yigeze ihingutsa ibyo gukoresha divayi. Ariko kandi, mu kinyejana cya mbere, gukoresha ibikombe bya divayi byari byogeye. Yesu n’intumwa ze ntabwo bigeze bamagana uwo muhango. Babonye ko ntacyo utwaye, kandi barawukurikije.​—⁠Kuva 12:​6-18; Luka 22:​15-18; 1 Abakorinto 11:⁠25.

Ibyo ni ko bimeze no ku byerekeye imihango imwe n’imwe ikurikizwa mu gihe cyo guhamba. Abanyegiputa bari bafite umuhango wo kosa imirambo. Umukambwe w’indahemuka Yozefu ntiyigeze awamagana ngo avuge ati ‘Uwo ni umuhango wa gipagani, twe Abaheburayo tugomba kuwirinda.’ Ahubwo ‘yategetse abagaragu be b’abavuzi kosa se,’ wenda kugira ngo Yakobo azashobore guhambwa mu gihugu cy’isezerano (Itangiriro 49:​29–50:​3). Nyuma y’aho, Abayahudi bagiye badukana imihango inyuranye yo guhamba, nko kuhagira umurambo w’uwapfuye no kuwuhamba ku munsi yapfiriyeho. Abakristo ba mbere bemeye gukurikiza iyo mihango ya Kiyahudi.​—⁠Ibyakozwe 9:⁠37.

Ariko se, byagenda bite niba umuhango wo guhamba ugaragara ko ushingiye ku kinyoma cy’idini, nko kwemera ibyo kudapfa k’ubugingo? Wibuke ko cya gitabo cyavuzwe haruguru kivuga ko ngo bamwe “bashyira iruhande rw’umurambo w’uwapfuye indabyo zikikijwe n’ibishihe maze bakanawusukaho amarashi akomoka mu ndabyo kugira ngo bamworohereze urugendo rwo mu nzira igana iwabo w’abapfuye.” Kuba umuhango nk’uwo uriho, ntibisobanura ko abagaragu b’Imana bagomba kwirinda ikintu cyose kijya gusa na wo. N’ubwo Abayahudi batizeragako habaho ‘inzira igana iwabo w’abapfuye,’ Bibiliya igira iti “Bajyan[y]’ intumbi ya Yesu, bayizingira mu myenda y’ibitare hamwe n’iyo mibavu, nk’ukw Abayuda bagenzaga bahamba.”​—⁠Yohana 12:​2-8; 19:⁠40.

Abakristo bagomba kwirinda imigenzo inyuranyije n’ukuri kwa Bibiliya (2 Abakorinto 6:​14-18). Icyakora, ibikoresho n’imitako by’amoko yose, hamwe n’imigenzo y’uburyo bwose, mu gihe runaka cyangwa ahantu runaka, byagiye bihabwa ubusobanuro butari bwo cyangwa se bikinjizwa mu nyigisho zidahuje n’Ibyanditswe. Ibiti byagiye bisengwa, igishushanyo cy’umutima cyagiye kibonwa nk’aho ari ikintu cyera, ndetse n’imibavu yagiye ikoreshwa mu migenzo ya gipagani. Mbese ye, ibyo bishaka kuvuga ko Umukristo atagomba na rimwe gukoresha imibavu, gukoresha ibiti mu bintu by’imitako, cyangwa se kwambara ibintu by’imirimbo bifite ishusho y’umutima?a Umwanzuro nk’uwo waba udakwiriye.

Umukristo utaryarya yagombye kwibaza ati ‘Mbese, nubahirije umuhango uyu n’uyu, byatuma abantu babona ko nkurikiza imyizerere cyangwa imigenzo idahuje n’Ibyanditswe?’ Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo gishingiye ku gihe ibyo byaberamo hamwe n’akarere umuntu aherereyemo. Umuhango (cyangwa igishushanyo cy’umutako) bishobora kuba byarigeze kugira icyo bishushanya mu by’idini y’ikinyoma mu myaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi yashize cyangwa se bikaba ariko bimeze no muri iki gihe mu karere runaka ka kure. Nyamara utiriwe uta igihe cyawe mu bushakashatsi burebure, wakwibaza uti ‘Mu gace ntuyemo, ibi bibonwa bite muri rusange?’​—⁠Gereranya na 1 Abakorinto 10:​25-29.

Niba bizwi neza ko umuhango (cyangwa ikintu cy’umutako, nk’umusaraba) bifite icyo bishushanya mu idini y’ikinyoma, byirinde. Ku bw’ibyo, ntabwo Abakristo bakoherereza umuntu indabyo zikoze nk’umusaraba, cyangwa se umutima utukura niba ufite icyo ushushanya mu by’idini. Cyangwa se mu gace runaka, hashobora kubaho uburyo bwo gukoresha indabyo mu ihamba cyangwa ku gituro mu buryo bwa kidini. Ibyo na byo Umukristo agomba kubyirinda. Ibyo ariko ntibishaka kuvuga ko gutanga indabyo mu gihe cy’ihamba cyangwa kuzishyira incuti iri mu bitaro bigomba kubonwa nk’aho ari igikorwa cya kidini umuntu yakwirinda.b

Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, mu bihugu byinshi, umuco wo gutanga indabyo warogeye cyane kandi ubonwa nk’aho ari igikorwa cyo kugira neza. Indabyo zishobora gutuma ahantu harushaho kuba heza kandi zishobora no gutuma ibihe by’akababaro birushaho kwihanganirwa. Nanone kandi, zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’urukundo no kwita ku bandi. Mu tundi duce, ibyo bamenyereye kubigaragariza mu bikorwa byo kugira ubuntu, nko gutekera umurwayi ibyo kurya, cyangwa se undi muntu uri mu gahinda. (Ibuka ukuntu abantu bagiriye Doruka igishyika bitewe n’uko yagaragazaga ko yita ku bandi [Ibyakozwe 9:​36-39]). Bamwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova bafashe akamenyero ko gutanga indabyo nziza igihe umuntu w’incuti yabo yaba ari mu bitaro cyangwa yapfushije, iyo gukora ibyo bigaragara neza ko ntaho bihuriye n’imyizerere y’ibinyoma. Kandi, buri wese ku giti cye, ashobora kugaragaza ibyiyumvo bye no kwita ku bandi binyuriye ku bindi bikorwa by’ingirakamaro.​—⁠Yakobo 1:27; 2:​14-17.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]