Ese wari ubizi?
Ko igihe cy’izuba kiba kirekire muri Isirayeli, abaturage baho ba kera babigenzaga bate kugira ngo babone amazi ahagije?
▪ Muri Isirayeli, imvura igwa hagati y’ukwezi k’Ukwakira na Mata, rimwe na rimwe ikaba nyinshi ku buryo imigezi itemba mu bibaya. Icyakora, mu gihe cy’impeshyi imyinshi muri iyo “migezi” irakama, kandi hashobora guhita amezi menshi nta kavura. None se abantu bo mu bihe bya Bibiliya babigenzaga bate kugira ngo bakomeze kubona amazi?
Kugira ngo bakemure icyo kibazo, bakoraga imigende mu mabanga y’imisozi, maze iyo migende ikayobora amazi y’imvura yo mu itumba mu myobo cyangwa ibitega. Ibisenge by’inzu na byo byabaga bicuramye kugira ngo amazi y’imvura ashobore gutemba agana muri ibyo bitega. Imiryango myinshi yabaga ifite igitega cyayo bwite yashoboraga kuvomamo amazi yo kunywa.—2 Abami 18:31; Yeremiya 6:7.
Nanone, Abisirayeli bavomaga amazi y’amasoko. Mu turere tw’imisozi miremire, amazi y’imvura y’itumba acengera mu butaka akamanuka kugeza ubwo ageze ahantu h’urutare, maze agatangira gutemba hanyuma agatungukira imusozi agahinduka isoko. Kuba imidugudu yarakundaga kubakwa hafi y’amasoko (mu giheburayo en), bigaragazwa n’amazina y’ahantu, urugero nka Eni-Shemeshi, Eni-Rogeli na Eni-Gedi (Yosuwa 15:7, 62). I Yerusalemu bari baracukuye umuyoboro w’amazi bawunyuza mu rutare, kugira ngo bageze amazi y’isoko muri uwo mugi.—2 Abami 20:20.
Ahatari amasoko, bacukuraga amariba (mu giheburayo beʼer) mu kuzimu, urugero nk’iryari i Beri-Sheba (Intangiriro 26:32, 33). Umwanditsi witwa André Chouraqui yavuze ko “ubwo buhanga [Abisirayeli] bakoresheje buhambaye no muri iki gihe.”
Inzu Aburamu (Aburahamu) yabagamo, ishobora kuba yari imeze ite?
▪ Aburamu n’umugore we babaga mu mugi wari ukize w’Abakaludaya witwaga Uri. Ariko Imana yabasabye kuva muri uwo mugi, maze bawuvamo batangira kuba mu mahema (Intangiriro 11:31; 13:12). Reka dusuzume ukuntu iryo hinduka rishobora kuba ryarabasabye kwigomwa.
Hagati y’umwaka wa 1922 na 1934, uwitwa Leonard Woolley yakoze ubushakashatsi mu matongo y’ahahoze umugi wa Uri, hakaba ari muri Iraki y’iki gihe. Mu mazu yabonye, harimo agera kuri 73 yari yubakishijwe amatafari. Ibyumba by’amenshi muri ayo mazu, byabaga bikikije imbuga yabaga ishashemo amabuye. Impande z’iyo mbuga zabaga zicuramiye buhoro ahagana hagati, ahabaga hari umuyoboro wajyanaga amazi mabi. Mu mazu manini, ibyumba by’abashyitsi byabaga birimo ubwiherero. Igice cyo hasi cy’iyo nzu, cyabaga gifite ibindi byumba, muri byo hakaba harimo ibikoni byabaga bifite iziko n’ibindi abagaragu bararagamo. Abagize umuryango babaga mu igorofa ryo hejuru, aho bageraga bazamutse ingazi. Iyo umuntu yabaga agiye mu byumba byo mu igorofa ryo hejuru, yazamukaga ingazi akagera ku ibaraza ryubakishijwe imbaho ryabaga rizengurutse imbuga. Iryo baraza ni ryo banyuragaho binjira muri ibyo byumba, cyangwa babisohokamo.
Woolley yaranditse ati “umuntu wabaga mu nzu . . . ifite imbuga ishashemo amabuye kandi ifite inkuta zisize ingwa, ikaba ifite uburyo bwo gusohora amazi mabi, . . . ifite ibyumba cumi na bibiri cyangwa birenga, mu by’ukuri yabaga akomeye. Ayo ni yo mazu . . . yari atuwemo n’abantu bakize mu rwego ruciriritse, abafite amaduka, abacuruzi b’abadandaza, abanditsi n’abandi.”
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 19]
Igitega cy’i Horvot Mezada, muri Isirayeli
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
© Masada National Park, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 19]
Igishushanyo cy’inzu yo mu gihe cya Aburahamu
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
© Drawing: A. S. Whitburn