“Igihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki”

IGIHE Yehova Imana yarokoraga Abisirayeli akabavana muri Egiputa, yabasezeranyije ko yari kuzabajyana “mu gihugu cyiza kandi kigari, igihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki.”—Kuva 3:8.

Abisirayeli bamaze kugera mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, boroye inka, intama n’ihene, bityo bakajya babona amata menshi. None se ubuki bwo bwavaga he? Hari abatekereza ko ubuki buvugwa muri uwo murongo bwari umutobe uryohereye ukozwe mu mbuto z’imikindo, imitini cyangwa imizabibu. Nanone, akenshi iyo Bibiliya ivuga iby’ubuki, iba yerekeza ku buki bw’ubuhura; si ubw’inzuki babaga boroye (Abacamanza 14:8, 9; 1 Samweli 14:27; Matayo 3:1, 4). None se koko, icyo gihugu ‘cyatembaga’ amata n’ubuki?

Ubushakashatsi ku byataburuwe mu matongo yo muri Isirayeli y’iki gihe, bwatanze ibisobanuro birambuye. Kaminuza yo muri Isirayeli yasohoye itangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru, rivuga ibyagezweho muri ubwo bushakashatsi. Muri iryo tangazo, Porofeseri (Amihai) Mazar yaravuze ati “kugeza magingo aya, uru ni rwo rwega rwa kera kurusha izindi ruvumbuwe mu matongo yo mu bihugu bya kera byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Urwo rwega rwabayeho hagati y’ikinyejana cya 10 n’intangiriro y’ikinyejana cya 9 Mbere ya Yesu.”

Abashakashatsi babonye imizinga irenga 30 itondetse ku mirongo itatu, kandi bavuga ko ugereranyije ako karere kose gashobora kuba kari karimo imizinga igera ku 100. Igihe bagenzuraga iyo mizinga, basanze iriho ibisigazwa by’inzuki zapfuye n’udushashara duto cyane. Intiti zivuga ko ugereranyije, “buri mwaka bashoboraga guhakura ibiro 500 by’ubuki muri iyo mizinga.”

Mu bihe bya kera, ubuki bwararibwaga, kandi ibishashara byabwo bigakoreshwa mu bucuzi no mu bukannyi. Nanone byakoreshwaga mu gukora utubaho two kwandikaho. Utwo tubaho badusigagaho ibishashara kugira ngo tube dusennye neza, kandi bashoboraga kubishongesha nyuma yaho, kugira ngo byongere bikoreshwe. Ni uwuhe mwanzuro abo bashakashatsi bagezeho bamaze kuvumbura ibyo byose?

Rya tangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru ryakomeje rigira riti “nubwo Bibiliya nta cyo itubwira ku birebana n’ubuvumvu bw’icyo gihe, urwega rwavumbuwe i Tel Rehov rugaragaza ko ubuvumvu n’ibindi bikorwa byo gutunganya ubuki, byari byarateye imbere mu gihe cy’Urusengero rwa Mbere [rwa Salomo]. Ku bw’ibyo, birashoboka ko ijambo ‘ubuki’ rikoreshwa muri Bibiliya, ryerekeza rwose ku buki bw’inzuki.”

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 15 yavuye]

Institute of Archaeology/Hebrew University © Tel Rehov Excavations