“Mu by’ukuri se, ni nde mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge?”

1, 2. Ni nde Yesu akoresha muri iki gihe kugira ngo atugaburire mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi se kuki bikwiriye ko tumumenya?

“BAVANDIMWE, sinabara incuro mwagiye mungezaho ingingo zivuga ibintu nabaga nkeneye, kandi zikaza mu gihe gikwiriye.” Ibyo byavuzwe na mushiki wacu mu ibaruwa yo gushimira yandikiye abavandimwe bakora ku cyicaro cyacu gikuru. Ese nawe ibyo byakubayeho? Hari benshi muri twe byabayeho. Ese byagombye kudutangaza? Oya rwose!

² Amafunguro yo mu buryo bw’umwuka tubona mu gihe gikwiriye ni gihamya y’uko Yesu, we Mutware w’itorero, akomeza gusohoza isezerano rye ryo kutugaburira. Ni ba nde akoresha? Igihe Yesu yatangaga ikimenyetso cyari kuranga ukuhaba kwe, yavuze ko yari gukoresha ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ kugira ngo ajye aha abandi bagaragu be “ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye.”a (Soma muri Matayo 24:45-47.) Uwo mugaragu wizerwa ni we Yesu akoresha agaburira abigishwa be nyakuri muri iki gihe cy’imperuka. Birakwiriye rero ko tumenya uwo mugaragu uwo ari we. Ni we udufasha gukomeza kuba bazima mu buryo bw’umwuka no kugirana imishyikirano myiza n’Imana.—Mat 4:4; Yoh 17:3.

3. Ni iki twagiye tuvuga mu bitabo byacu ku birebana n’umugani uvuga iby’umugaragu wizerwa?

³ None se, dukwiriye kumva dute umugani wa Yesu uvuga iby’umugaragu wizerwa? Mu bihe byashize, mu bitabo bwacu twagiye tuvuga ko kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, Yesu yashinze umugaragu wizerwa abandi bagaragu be. Twavugaga ko uwo mugaragu ahagarariye Abakristo bose basutsweho umwuka, mu rwego rw’itsinda, bagiye baba ku isi kuva mu mwaka wa 33. Nanone kandi, twavugaga ko abandi bagaragu berekeza kuri abo Bakristo basutsweho umwuka buri wese ku giti cye, kandi ko mu mwaka wa 1919 Yesu yashinze uwo mugaragu “ibyo atunze byose,” ni ukuvuga ibintu bye byose bifitanye isano n’Ubwami biri hano ku isi. Icyakora, gukomeza kwiga Ibyanditswe tubyitondeye no kubitekerezaho tubishyize mu isengesho, byatumye tubona ko tugomba kunonosora uko twumvaga amagambo ya Yesu avuga iby’uwo mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge (Imig 4:18). Nimucyo dusuzume uwo mugani n’icyo uturebaho, twaba dufite ibyiringiro byo kuzajya mu ijuru cyangwa ibyo kuzaba ku isi.

NI RYARI IBIVUGWA MURI UWO MUGANI BYARI GUSOHORA?

4-6. Kuki twafata umwanzuro w’uko ibivugwa mu mugani wa Yesu w’umugaragu wizerwa byatangiye gusohora mu mwaka wa 1914?

⁴ Imirongo y’Ibyanditswe ikikije ivuga iby’umugani w’umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge, igaragaza ko ibivugwamo bitatangiye gusohora kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, ahubwo ko bisohora muri iyi minsi y’imperuka. Nimucyo turebe uko iyo mirongo y’Ibyanditswe ituma tugera kuri uwo mwanzuro.

⁵ Umugani uvuga iby’umugaragu wizerwa ukubiye mu buhanuzi bwa Yesu buhereranye n’‘ikimenyetso cyari kugaragaza ukuhaba kwe n’iminsi y’imperuka’ (Mat 24:3). Igice cya mbere cy’ubwo buhanuzi, kiri muri Matayo 24:4-22, gifite isohozwa ry’uburyo bubiri. Isohozwa rya mbere ryabaye kuva mu mwaka wa 33 kugeza mu mwaka wa 70, naho irya kabiri ryagutse kurushaho riba muri iki gihe. Ese ibyo bishatse kuvuga ko amagambo ya Yesu avuga ibirebana n’umugaragu wizerwa, na yo yari kugira isohozwa ry’uburyo bubiri? Oya.

⁶ Uhereye ku magambo ari muri Matayo 24:29, Yesu yibanze cyane cyane ku bintu byari gusohora muri iki gihe. (Soma muri Matayo 24:30, 42, 44.) Igihe yavugaga ibizaba mu gihe cy’umubabaro ukomeye, yavuze ko abantu “bazabona Umwana w’umuntu aje ku bicu byo mu ijuru.” Hanyuma, yavuze amagambo yarebaga abantu bari kubaho mu minsi y’imperuka abashishikariza kuba maso, agira ati ‘ntimuzi umunsi Umwami wanyu azaziraho,’ nanone ati ‘igihe mudatekereza ni cyo Umwana w’umuntu azaziramo.’b Icyo gihe Yesu yavugaga ibyari kuba mu minsi y’imperuka, ni na bwo yavuze umugani urebana n’umugaragu wizerwa. Ku bw’ibyo, twafata umwanzuro w’uko ibyo yavuze ku birebana n’umugaragu wizerwa, byatangiye gusohora nyuma y’aho iminsi y’imperuka itangiriye mu mwaka wa 1914. Ibyo bihuje n’ukuri rwose. Kubera iki?

7. Ni ikihe kibazo cy’ingenzi cyavutse igihe isarura ryatangiraga, kandi kuki?

⁷ Tekereza gato ku kibazo kigira kiti “mu by’ukuri se, ni nde mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge?” Mu kinyejana cya mbere, nta mpamvu yari ihari yo kubaza icyo kibazo. Nk’uko twabibonye mu gice kibanziriza iki, intumwa zashoboraga gukora ibitangaza no guha abandi impano zo kubikora, bikaba byaragaragazaga ko Imana yari izishyigikiye (Ibyak 5:12). Ku bw’ibyo se, hari umuntu wari kwibaza uwo mu by’ukuri Kristo yari yarashyizeho kugira ngo ayobore abagize ubwoko bw’Imana? Ariko kandi, uko si ko ibintu byari bimeze mu mwaka wa 1914. Isarura ryatangiye muri uwo mwaka. Igihe cyo gutandukanya urumamfu n’ingano cyari kigeze (Mat 13:36-43). Ubwo igihe cy’isarura cyatangiraga, havutse ikibazo cy’ingenzi gikurikira: ko hariho Abakristo b’ikinyoma benshi bavugaga ko ari abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu, umuntu yashoboraga ate kumenya ingano, ari bo Bakristo basutsweho umwuka? Umugani uvuga iby’umugaragu wizerwa watanze igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo. Abigishwa ba Kristo basutsweho umwuka ni bo bari kuba bagaburirwa neza mu buryo bw’umwuka.

UMUGARAGU WIZERWA KANDI W’UMUNYABWENGE NI NDE?

8. Kuki bikwiriye ko umugaragu wizerwa aba agizwe n’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka?

⁸ Umugaragu wizerwa agomba kuba agizwe n’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bari ku isi. Bitwa “abatambyi n’abami” kandi bahawe inshingano yo ‘“gutangaza mu mahanga yose imico ihebuje” y’uwabahamagaye akabakura mu mwijima, akabageza mu mucyo utangaje’ (1 Pet 2:9). Birakwiriye rero ko abo ‘batambyi n’abami’ bagira uruhare rugaragara mu kwigisha ukuri bagenzi babo bahuje ukwizera.—Mal 2:7; Ibyah 12:17.

9. Ese umugaragu wizerwa agizwe n’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bose? Sobanura.

⁹ Ese abasutsweho umwuka bose bari ku isi bagize umugaragu wizerwa? Oya. Mu by’ukuri, abasutsweho umwuka bose si ko bagira uruhare mu guha bagenzi babo bahuje ukwizera bo hirya no hino ku isi ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Mu bavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bagereranywa n’ingano hashobora kubamo abakozi b’itorero cyangwa abasaza. Bigisha ku nzu n’inzu no mu itorero, kandi bakurikiza mu budahemuka ubuyobozi buturuka ku cyicaro gikuru. Icyakora, ntibagira uruhare mu guha abavandimwe bo hirya no hino ku isi ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ikindi kandi, mu basutsweho umwuka harimo bashiki bacu bicisha bugufi, batigera bashaka kuba abigisha mu itorero.—1 Kor 11:3; 14:34.

10. Ni nde mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge?

¹⁰ None se, umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge ni nde? Mu buryo buhuje n’uko Yesu yagaburiye abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake, uwo mugaragu agizwe n’itsinda rito ry’abavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bagira uruhare mu gutegura no gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka mu gihe cyo kuhaba kwa Kristo. Mu gihe cyose cy’iminsi y’imperuka, abavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bagize umugaragu wizerwa bagiye bakorera hamwe ku cyicaro gikuru. Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova ni yo mugaragu. Icyakora, uzirikane ko ijambo ‘umugaragu’ Yesu yakoresheje mu mugani we riri mu bumwe, bikaba bigaragaza ko uwo mugaragu agizwe n’itsinda ry’abantu. Bityo rero, abagize Inteko Nyobozi bafatira imyanzuro hamwe.

ABANDI BAGARAGU NI BA NDE?

11, 12. (a) Ni izihe nshingano ebyiri umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge yahawe? (b) Ni ryari Yesu yashinze umugaragu wizerwa abandi bagaragu be, kandi se ni ba nde yatoranyije?

¹¹ Kuba umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge uvugwa mu mugani wa Yesu yarahawe inshingano ebyiri zitandukanye, ni ibintu bishishikaje. Inshingano ye ya mbere yari kuba iyo kwita ku bandi bagaragu, naho iya kabiri ikaba iyo kwita ku byo shebuja atunze byose. Kubera ko ibivugwa muri uwo mugani bisohora muri iki gihe cy’imperuka, yari guhabwa izo nshingano nyuma yo kuhaba kwa Yesu ari Umwami uganje, kuva mu mwaka wa 1914.

¹² Ni ryari Yesu yashinze umugaragu wizerwa abandi bagaragu? Kugira ngo dusubize icyo kibazo, tugomba gusubira inyuma mu mwaka wa 1914, ari cyo gihe isarura ryatangiriye. Nk’uko twabibonye, icyo gihe hari amatsinda menshi yavugaga ko ari Abakristo. Ni irihe tsinda Yesu yari gutoranyamo umugaragu wizerwa maze akamushinga abandi bagaragu? Icyo kibazo cyashubijwe igihe we na Se bazaga kugenzura urusengero cyangwa gahunda yo mu buryo bw’umwuka yo gusenga Yehova, kuva mu mwaka wa 1914 kugeza mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1919 (Mal 3:1).c Bishimiye gusanga hari itsinda rito ry’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya b’indahemuka bagaragazaga ko bakunda Yehova n’Ijambo rye. Birumvikana ko bagombaga kwezwa, ariko mu gihe gito bamaze bageragezwa kandi batunganywa, babyemeye bicishije bugufi (Mal 3:2-4). Abo Bigishwa ba Bibiliya bizerwa ni bo bari Abakristo b’ukuri bagereranywa n’ingano. Mu mwaka wa 1919, igihe bongeraga kugira imbaraga mu buryo bw’umwuka, Yesu yatoranyije bamwe muri abo bavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bashoboye, kugira ngo babe umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge, maze amushinga abandi bagaragu be.

13. Ni ba nde bagize abandi bagaragu, kandi kuki?

¹³ None se abandi bagaragu ni ba nde? Tubivuze mu magambo make, ni abahabwa amafunguro. Iminsi y’imperuka igitangira, abandi bagaragu bari abasutsweho umwuka bose. Nyuma yaho, imbaga y’abantu benshi bagize izindi ntama na yo yaje kubarirwa mu bandi bagaragu. Ubu abagize izindi ntama ni bo benshi mu bagize “umukumbi umwe” uyobowe na Kristo (Yoh 10:16). Ayo matsinda yombi ahabwa amafunguro amwe yo mu buryo bw’umwuka abonekera igihe, atangwa n’umugaragu wizerwa. Bite se ku birebana n’abagize Inteko Nyobozi, ari bo bagize umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge? Abo bavandimwe na bo baba bakeneye kugaburirwa mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ku bw’ibyo, bemera bicishije bugufi ko buri wese ku giti cye abarirwa mu bandi bagaragu, nk’uko bimeze ku bandi bigishwa nyakuri bose ba Yesu.

14. (a) Ni iyihe nshingano umugaragu wizerwa afite, kandi se ikubiyemo iki? (b) Ni uwuhe muburo Yesu yahaye umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge? (Reba agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “Uwo mugaragu mubi niyibwira . . . ”)

¹⁴ Yesu yahaye umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge inshingano itoroshye. Mu bihe bya Bibiliya, umugaragu wizerwa, cyangwa igisonga, yabaga ashinzwe kwita ku byo mu rugo rwa shebuja (Luka 12:42). Bityo rero, umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge yahawe inshingano yo kwita ku bo mu nzu y’abizera. Iyo nshingano ikubiyemo kugenzura imitungo ya Shebuja, umurimo wo kubwiriza, gahunda z’amakoraniro n’imirimo yo gucapa ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya bikoreshwa mu murimo wo kubwiriza, mu kwiyigisha no mu materaniro y’itorero. Amafunguro yose yo mu buryo bw’umwuka atunga abandi bagaragu, atangwa n’umugaragu wizerwa.

NI RYARI YARI GUSHINGWA IBYO SHEBUJA ATUNZE BYOSE?

15, 16. Ni ryari Yesu azashinga umugaragu wizerwa ibyo atunze byose?

¹⁵ Ni ryari Yesu yari gutanga inshingano ya kabiri, ari yo yo gushinga umugaragu “ibyo atunze byose”? Yesu yagize ati “uwo mugaragu arahirwa shebuja naza agasanga abigenza atyo! Ndababwira ukuri ko azamushinga ibyo atunze byose” (Mat 24:46, 47). Uzirikane ko Yesu azatanga inshingano ya kabiri nyuma y’uko aza agasanga umugaragu “abigenza atyo,” ni ukuvuga agitanga amafunguro yo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ku bw’ibyo, izo nshingano zombi zari gutangwa mu bihe bitandukanye. Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe ukuntu Yesu azashinga umugaragu ibyo atunze byose n’igihe azabikorera, dukeneye kumenya ibi bintu bibiri: igihe yari kuzira, n’ibikubiye mu byo atunze byose.

¹⁶ None se Yesu yari kuza ryari? Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo tukibona mu nkuru ivuga ibyo kuza kwe. Wibuke ko iyo imirongo ibanziriza iyo turimo dusuzuma ivuga ko Yesu ‘azaza,’ iryo jambo ‘azaza’ riba ryerekeza ku gihe azaza aje guca urubanza no kurusohoza, ku mperuka y’iyi si (Mat 24:30, 42, 44).d Ku bw’ibyo, ‘kuza’ kwa Yesu kuvugwa mu mugani urebana n’umugaragu wizerwa kuzaba mu gihe cy’umubabaro ukomeye.

17. Ibyo Yesu atunze bikubiyemo iki?

¹⁷ Mu ‘byo [Yesu] atunze byose’ hakubiyemo iki? Yesu ntiyagaragaje ko ijambo “byose” ryerekeza gusa ku bintu bye byo ku isi. Mu by’ukuri, Yesu afite ubutware busesuye mu ijuru. Yagize ati “nahawe ubutware bwose mu ijuru no mu isi” (Mat 28:18; Efe 1:20-23). Ubu mu byo atunze byose hakubiyemo n’Ubwami bwa Mesiya yahawe kuva mu mwaka wa 1914, kandi azafatanya n’abigishwa be basutsweho umwuka gutegeka.—Ibyah 11:15.

18. Kuki Yesu azishimira gushinga umugaragu wizerwa ibyo atunze byose?

¹⁸ Duhereye ku byo tumaze kubona, ni uwuhe mwanzuro twafata? Igihe Yesu azaza guca imanza mu gihe cy’umubabaro ukomeye, azasanga umugaragu wizerwa yaragiye aha abandi bagaragu ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka mu gihe gikwiriye. Icyo gihe Yesu azishimira kumuha ya nshingano ya kabiri yo kumushinga ibyo atunze byose. Abagize umugaragu wizerwa bazabona iyo nshingano igihe bazahabwa ingororano yabo yo gufatanya na Kristo gutegeka mu ijuru.

19. Ese abagize umugaragu wizerwa bazahabwa ingororano iruta iy’abandi basutsweho umwuka? Sobanura.

¹⁹ Ese abagize umugaragu wizerwa bazahabwa ingororano iruta iy’abandi basutsweho umwuka? Oya. Hari igihe ingororano isezeranywa itsinda rito ry’abantu, ariko amaherezo n’abandi bakaba bashobora kuyihabwa. Urugero, reka turebe ibyo Yesu yabwiye intumwa ze 11 zizerwa mu ijoro ryabanjirije urupfu rwe. (Soma muri Luka 22:28-30.) Yesu yasezeranyije abari bagize iryo tsinda rito ko bari kuzahabwa ingororano ihebuje bitewe n’uko bakomeje kuba abizerwa. Bari gufatanya na we gutegeka ari abami. Ariko imyaka runaka nyuma yaho, yagaragaje ko abantu 144.000 bose bazicara ku ntebe z’ubwami maze bagafatanya na we gutegeka (Ibyah 1:1; 3:21). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, nk’uko bivugwa muri Matayo 24:47, yasezeranyije ko itsinda rito ry’abagabo, ari bo bavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bagize umugaragu wizerwa, ryari kuzashingwa ibyo atunze byose. Mu by’ukuri, abantu 144.000 bose bazafatanya na we gutegeka mu ijuru.—Ibyah 20:4, 6.

20. Kuki Yesu yashyizeho umugaragu wizerwa, kandi se ni iki wiyemeje?

²⁰ Binyuze ku mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge, Yesu abigenza nk’uko yabigenje mu kinyejana cya mbere, akagaburira abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake. Yesu yashyizeho uwo mugaragu wizerwa kugira ngo abigishwa be nyakuri, baba abasutsweho umwuka cyangwa abagize izindi ntama, bazakomeze kubona ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka mu minsi y’imperuka. Nimucyo twiyemeze kugaragaza ko dushimira dushyigikira mu budahemuka abavandimwe bacu basutsweho umwuka bagize umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge.—Heb 13:7, 17.