Banesheje ibitotezo

FRIEDA JESS yavukiye muri Danemark mu mwaka wa 1911, nyuma aza kwimukana n’ababyeyi be bajya ahitwa i Husum mu majyaruguru y’u Budage. Imyaka myinshi nyuma y’aho, yabonye akazi ahitwa i Magdeburg, maze mu mwaka wa 1930 arabatizwa, aba umwe mu Bigishwa ba Bibiliya, nk’uko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga icyo gihe. Hitileri yatangiye gutegeka mu mwaka wa 1933. Frieda yahereye ubwo agirirwa nabi n’ubutegetsi bubiri bw’igitugu, bimara imyaka 23.

Muri Werurwe 1933, leta y’u Budage yahamagariye abantu kwifatanya mu matora rusange. Umuyobozi w’inzu ndangamurage y’ibyabereye mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa y’ahitwa i Neuengamme hafi y’i Hamburg, witwa Dr. Detlef Garbe, yaravuze ati “abo mu ishyaka rya Nazi bashakaga ko abantu benshi batora ku gahato umukuru wabo, ari we Adolf Hitileri.” Abahamya ba Yehova bo bakurikije inama ya Yesu y’uko batagombaga kwivanga muri politiki kandi ko batagombaga ‘kuba ab’isi,’ bityo ntibatora. Byabagizeho izihe ngaruka? Baraciwe.—Yohana 17:16.

Frieda yakomeje gukora umurimo we wa Gikristo rwihishwa, ndetse yanafashije mu murimo wo gucapa amagazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi. Yaravuze ati “amwe mu magazeti yinjizwaga mu bigo rwihishwa akagezwa kuri bagenzi bacu duhuje ukwizera.” Mu mwaka wa 1940, abapolisi bari ba maneko bitwaga Gestapo baramufashe bamuhata ibibazo, nyuma y’aho bamushyira mu kasho amaramo amezi menshi. Ni gute yabashije kwihangana? Yarivugiye ati “isengesho ni ryo ryambereye ubuhungiro. Natangiraga gusenga mu gitondo kare kandi ku munsi nasengaga kenshi. Isengesho ryarankomeje kandi ryatumye ntahangayika bikabije.”—Abafilipi 4:6, 7.

Frieda yararekuwe, ariko mu mwaka wa 1944 abapolisi ba Gestapo barongera baramufata. Icyo gihe noneho yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka irindwi muri gereza y’ahitwa i Waldheim. Frieda yakomeje agira ati “abarinzi ba gereza banjyanye gukorana n’abandi bagore mu byumba abantu biyuhagiriragamo. Akenshi nabaga ndi kumwe n’umugore waturutse muri Tchécoslovaquie ku buryo namubwiraga byinshi byerekeye Yehova n’ukwizera kwanjye. Ibyo biganiro twagiranaga byatumye nkomeza kugira ukwizera gukomeye.”

Yarekuwe by’agateganyo

Abari bafungiwe muri gereza y’i Waldheim barekuwe n’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti muri Gicurasi umwaka wa 1945, ku buryo Frieda yasubiye i Magdeburg agakomeza gukora umurimo we wo kubwiriza, ariko ntibyateye kabiri. Abahamya bongeye gukandamizwa, noneho bakandamizwa n’abategetsi bo mu karere kari karigaruriwe n’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti. Uwitwa Gerald Hacke wo mu kigo cyitiriwe umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa Hannah-Arendt gikora ubushakashatsi ku butegetsi bw’igitugu, yaranditse ati “itsinda ry’Abahamya ba Yehova ni rimwe mu matsinda make yibasiwe, rigakomeza gutotezwa n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwombi bwategetse u Budage.”

Kuki bongeye gukandamizwa? Byatewe n’uko bari Abakristo batabogama. Mu mwaka wa 1948, mu Budage bw’i Burasirazuba habaye amatora, kandi nk’uko Hacke yabivuze, impamvu y’ibanze [yatumye Abahamya ba Yehova batotezwa] ni uko batifatanyije muri ayo matora.” Muri Kanama 1950, Abahamya ba Yehova baraciwe mu Budage bw’i Burasirazuba. Ababarirwa mu magana barafashwe, hakubiyemo na Frieda.

Frieda yongeye guhamagazwa n’urukiko, akatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka itandatu. Yaravuze ati “icyo gihe noneho nari kumwe na bagenzi banjye duhuje ukwizera, bityo kwifatanya na bo byarankomeje cyane.” Igihe yari amaze kurekurwa mu mwaka wa 1956, yimukiye mu Budage bw’i Burengerazuba. Ubu Frieda afite imyaka 90, akaba atuye ahitwa i Husum, kandi aracyakorera Imana y’ukuri Yehova.

Frieda yamaze imyaka 23 atotezwa n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bubiri. Yaravuze ati “abo mu ishyaka rya Nazi bagerageje kunyica mu buryo bw’umubiri; Abakomunisiti bo bagerageza kunyica mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ni hehe navanye imbaraga zo kubyihanganira? Nari mfite gahunda nziza yo kwiyigisha Bibiliya mu gihe nabaga ntafunzwe, igihe nabaga ndi mu kasho jyenyine ngasenga buri gihe, nkifatanya na bagenzi banjye duhuje ukwizera igihe byabaga bishoboka, kandi nkabwira abandi ibihereranye n’ukwizera kwanjye igihe cyose nabaga mbonye uburyo.”

Ubutegetsi bw’igitugu muri Hongiriya

Ikindi gihugu aho Abahamya ba Yehova bamaze imyaka myinshi bakandamizwa ni muri Hongiriya. Hari bamwe batotejwe n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bugera kuri butatu. Urugero rumwe ni urw’uwitwa Ádám Szinger. Ádám yavukiye ahitwa i Paks muri Hongiriya mu mwaka wa 1922, abyiruka ari Umuporotesitanti. Mu mwaka wa 1937, hari Abigishwa ba Bibiliya basuye Ádám iwabo mu rugo, maze ahita ashimishwa n’ubutumwa bamugejejeho. Ibyo yize muri Bibiliya byamwemeje ko inyigisho z’idini rye zitari zishingiye kuri Bibiliya. Yavuye mu idini ry’Abaporotesitanti maze atangira kwifatanya n’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya mu murimo wabo wo kubwiriza.

Muri Hongiriya, ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwakomezaga kugira imbaraga. Incuro nyinshi, abapolisi bajyaga babona Ádám abwiriza ku nzu n’inzu bakamufata bakajya kumuhata ibibazo. Abahamya bagendaga barushaho gutotezwa, maze mu mwaka wa 1939 umurimo wabo uracibwa. Mu wa 1942, Ádám yarafashwe, arafungwa kandi arakubitwa cyane. Ni iki cyamufashije kwihanganira iyo mibabaro yose no gushikama muri ayo mezi yamaze muri gereza, dore ko yari afite imyaka 19 gusa? Yaravuze ati “igihe nari nkiri imuhira, najyaga niga Bibiliya nitonze ku buryo namenye neza rwose ibyerekeye imigambi ya Yehova.” Igihe Ádám yafungurwaga ni bwo yabatijwe aba umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova. Yabatijwe nijoro muri Kanama 1942, abatirizwa mu ruzi rwari hafi y’iwabo.

Afungirwa muri Hongiriya, hanyuma akajyanwa gukora imirimo mu kigo cyo muri Seribiya

Hagati aho mu gihe cy’intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose, igihugu cya Hongiriya n’icy’u Budage byariyunze birwanya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti, maze mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1942, Ádám ahamagarirwa kujya mu gisirikare. Aragira ati “nababwiye ko ntashoboraga kujya mu gisirikare bitewe n’ibyo nize muri Bibiliya. Nasobanuye ko nta ho nari mbogamiye mu bya politiki.” Yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 11. Ariko nta gihe kirekire yamaze muri Hongiriya.

Mu mwaka wa 1943, Abahamya ba Yehova bagera ku 160 barakorakoranyijwe, bapakirwa mu mato, bajyanwa muri Seribiya banyuze mu Ruzi rwa Danube. Ádám na we yari abarimo. Icyo gihe muri Seribiya, izo mfungwa zayoborwaga n’ubutegetsi bwa Hitileri bwiswe Reich ya gatatu. Bafungiwe mu kigo cyakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato cy’ahitwa i Bor, mu kirombe bacukuragamo umuringa. Hashize hafi umwaka, bashubijwe muri Hongiriya, aho Ádám yarekuriwe n’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti mu rugaryi rwo mu mwaka wa 1945.

Hongiriya iyoborwa n’Abakomunisiti

Uwo mudendezo nta gihe kirekire wamaze. Ahagana mu mpera ya za 40, ubutegetsi bw’Abakomunisiti bo muri Hongiriya bwaciye umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova, nk’uko abategetsi b’igitugu bari barabigenje mbere y’intambara. Mu wa 1952, Ádám, icyo gihe wari ufite imyaka 29 kandi wari warashatse afite n’abana babiri, yarafashwe, ashinjwa ko atubahirizaga amategeko kubera ko yongeye kwanga kujya mu gisirikare. Ádám yisobanuye imbere y’urukiko avuga ati “ubu si bwo bwa mbere nanze kujya mu gisirikare. Mu gihe cy’intambara narafunzwe banjyana muri Seribiya ari cyo banziza. Nanze kujya mu gisirikare mbitewe n’umutimanama wanjye. Ndi Umuhamya wa Yehova, kandi na n’ubu sinivanga mu bya politiki.” Ádám yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka umunani, nyuma iza kugabanywa iba imyaka ine.

Ádám yakomeje gukandamizwa azira idini kugeza mu myaka ya za 70 rwagati, hakaba hari hashize imyaka isaga 35 Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bamusuye iwabo. Muri icyo gihe cyose, inkiko esheshatu zari zaramukatiye imyaka 23 y’igifungo, akaba yaragiye afungirwa muri za gereza no mu bigo bigera nibura ku icumi. Yatotejwe n’ubutegetsi butatu: ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwo muri Hongiriya mbere y’intambara, ubw’Abadage bo mu ishyaka rya Nazi muri Seribiya n’ubw’Abakomunisiti muri Hongiriya mu gihe cy’intambara yo kurebana igitsure.

Kugeza magingo aya, Ádám atuye mu mujyi w’iwabo witwa Paks, kandi aracyakorera Imana mu budahemuka. Yaba se afite ubushobozi budasanzwe bwatumye anesha ingorane zamugezeho? Oya rwose. Dore uko yivugiye:

“Ibintu byamfashije mu buryo bwihariye, ni icyigisho cya Bibiliya, isengesho no kwifatanya na bagenzi banjye duhuje ukwizera. Ariko kandi hari ibindi bintu bibiri nakongeraho. Icya mbere, ni uko Yehova ari we Soko y’imbaraga. Kugirana na we imishyikirano ya bugufi ni byo byambeshagaho. Icya kabiri ni uko nazirikanaga ibivugwa mu Baroma igice cya 12, havuga ko tutagomba ‘kwihorera.’ Ibyo byatumye ntabika inzika. Ni kenshi nagiye mbona uburyo bwo kwihimura ku bantu bantotezaga, ariko sinigeze mbikora. Ntitugomba gukoresha imbaraga Yehova aduha kugira ngo twiture umuntu inabi yatugiriye.”

Ibitotezo byose bizarangira

Frieda na Ádám ubu basenga Yehova nta nkomyi. None se, ibyabagezeho bihishura iki ku bihereranye n’itotezwa ry’abantu bazira idini? Bigaragaza ko ibyo bitotezo nta cyo bishobora kugeraho, mu gihe baba batoteza Abakristo nyakuri. Nubwo gutoteza Abahamya ba Yehova byatwaye byinshi kandi bigatuma bababara cyane, ntibyageze ku ntego yabyo. Ubu Abahamya ba Yehova bariyongera cyane mu Burayi aho bwa butegetsi bubiri bw’igitugu bwategekaga.

Ni gute Abahamya ba Yehova babyifashemo igihe batotezwaga? Nk’uko inkuru zivuga ibya Frieda na Ádám zibigaragaza, bakurikije inama ya Bibiliya igira iti “ikibi cye kukunesha, ahubwo unesheshe ikibi icyiza” (Abaroma 12:21). Mbese koko, icyiza cyanesha ikibi? Yego rwose, mu gihe umuntu yaba afite ukwizera gukomeye. Kuba Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu Burayi baranesheje ibitotezo, byagaragaje ko umwuka w’Imana uhora unesha. Ibyo byerekana ko Abakristo bicisha bugufi baneshesha ikibi icyiza ku bw’ukwizera bagira biturutse ku mwuka wera ubakoreramo (Abagalatiya 5:22, 23). Muri iyi si ya none yuzuye urugomo, iryo ni isomo abantu bose bagombye gutekerezaho.

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 5]

Frieda Jess (ubu witwa Thiele) igihe yafatwaga no muri iki gihe

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Ádám Szinger igihe yafungwaga no muri iki gihe