Nta Kintu Cyaba Cyiza Kuruta Ukuri

Byavuzwe n’uwitwa G. N. Van Der Bijl

Muri Kamena 1941, nashyikirijwe Gestapo (umutwe w’abapolisi), maze njyanwa mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cy’i Sachsenhausen, hafi y’i Berlin mu Budage. Aho ni ho nagumye, ndi imfungwa nomero 38190, kugeza ubwo hakorwaga urugendo ruganisha ku rupfu rw’agahomamunwa, muri Mata 1945. Ariko mbere y’uko mvuga ibyabaye icyo gihe, reka mbanze nsobanure ukuntu naje kuba imfungwa.

NAVUKIYE i Rotterdam mu Buholandi, hashize igihe gito Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose itangiye, mu mwaka wa 1914. Papa yakoraga ku muhanda wa gari ya moshi, kandi inzu ntoya twabagamo yari yubatswe hafi y’umuhanda gari ya moshi yanyuragamo. Ahagana ku iherezo ry’intambara mu mwaka wa 1918, nabonye za gari ya moshi zitwaga ko ari izo mu gihe cy’akaga, zigenda zivuza amahoni yumvikanishaga ko hari ikibazo kidasanzwe. Nta gushidikanya ko zari zuzuye abasirikare b’inkomere, bari bajyanywe iwabo bavuye ku rugamba.

Ubwo nari mfite imyaka 12, navuye mu ishuri njya gushaka akazi. Imyaka umunani nyuma y’aho, nashyize umukono ku masezerano yo kuba umukozi wo mu bwato bwatwaraga abagenzi, bityo mu myaka ine yakurikiyeho, nahoraga ndi mu rugendo mu nyanja, hagati y’Ubuholandi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika.

Mu gihe twari tugeze mu cyambu cy’i New York mu mpeshyi y’umwaka wa 1939, indi ntambara y’isi yose yari yugarije. Bityo rero, ubwo umugabo yazaga mu bwato bwacu maze akampa igitabo Gouvernement, cyavugaga ibihereranye n’ubutegetsi bukiranuka, nacyakiranye ibyishimo. Igihe nari ngarutse i Rotterdam, natangiye gushaka akazi nakorera mu gihugu, bitewe n’uko ubuzima bwo kugenda mu nyanja bwasaga n’aho butagifite umutekano. Ku itariki ya 1 Nzeri, Ubudage bwateye Polonye, maze amahanga yiroha mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose.

Niga Ukuri kwa Bibiliya

Umunsi umwe ari ku Cyumweru mu gitondo, muri Werurwe 1940, nari nagiye gusura mukuru wanjye wari wubatse, ubwo umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova yavuzaga inzogera yo ku muryango. Namubwiye ko mfite igitabo Gouvernement, maze mubaza ibihereranye n’ijuru, n’abajyayo abo ari bo. Nahawe igisubizo cyumvikana neza kandi gihuje n’ubwenge, ku buryo nibwiye mu mutima nti ‘uku ni ko kuri.’ Namuhaye aderesi yanjye, maze ndamutumira ngo azaze kunsura imuhira.

Uwo Muhamya amaze kunsura incuro eshatu gusa, tukaba twarazigizemo ibiganiro byimbitse bishingiye kuri Bibiliya, natangiye kumuherekeza mu murimo wo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu. Tugeze mu ifasi twagombaga kubwirizamo, yanyeretse aho ntangirira, maze nirwanaho jyenyine. Uko ni ko abantu bashya benshi batangizwaga umurimo wo kubwiriza muri icyo gihe. Nari naragiriwe inama y’uko buri gihe nagombaga kujya ntanga igitabo ndi imbere mu nzu, kugira ngo abagenda mu muhanda batambona. Mu minsi ya mbere intambara igitangira, byari ngombwa kugira amakenga.

Ibyumweru bitatu nyuma y’aho, ku itariki ya 10 Gicurasi 1940, ingabo z’Ubudage zateye Ubuholandi, maze ku itariki ya 29 Gicurasi, uwitwa Seyss-Inquart, akaba ari we wari uhagarariye Reich (leta y’Ubudage yariho), atangaza ko imirimo y’umuteguro w’Abahamya ba Yehova ibuzanyijwe. Twateraniraga mu matsinda mato gusa, kandi tukagira amakenga kugira ngo aho duteranira hakomeze kuba ibanga. Ikintu cyadukomezaga cyane cyane, ni uruzinduko rw’abagenzuzi basura amatorero.

Nari umunywi w’itabi kabuhariwe, maze ubwo nafataga isegereti nkayiha Umuhamya wiganaga nanjye, nkaza gutahura ko atanywa itabi, naravuze nti “sinshobora kuzigera ndeka kunywa itabi!” Nyuma y’aho gato ariko, ubwo nari ndimo ngenda mu muhanda, naratekereje nti ‘niba ngiye kuba Umuhamya, ndashaka kuba Umuhamya nyakuri.’ Bityo rero, sinigeze nongera kunywa itabi.

Nshyigikira Ukuri

Muri Kamena 1940, hatarashira amezi atatu kuva mpuye na wa Muhamya waje kwa mukuru wanjye, nagaragaje ko niyeguriye Yehova, maze ndabatizwa. Amezi make nyuma y’aho, mu Kwakira 1940, natangiye umurimo w’igihe cyose, mba umupayiniya. Muri icyo gihe, bampaye icyo bitaga ijaketi y’abapayiniya. Yari ifite imifuka myinshi yo gushyiramo ibitabo n’udutabo, kandi yashoboraga kwambarwa imbere y’ikoti.

Mu by’ukuri, kuva Ubudage bwigarurira igihugu, hakozwe gahunda inonosoye yo gushakisha Abahamya ba Yehova kuva hasi kubura hejuru, no kubafata. Umunsi umwe mu gitondo, muri Gashyantare 1941, nari ndimo mbwiriza hamwe n’abandi Bahamya bake. Mu gihe barimo basura abantu ku ruhande rumwe rw’inzu yari igizwe n’amazu menshi, nagiye gukora ku rundi ruhande rw’iyo nzu, kugira ngo nze guhura na bo. Bigeze aho, njya kureba icyari cyabatindije, maze mpura n’umugabo arambaza ati “mbese, nawe hari agatabo ako ari ko kose waba ufite muri bene utu dutabo duto?”

Ndamusubiza nti “yee.” Nkimara kubivuga aramfata, anjyana ku kigo cy’abashinzwe umutekano. Nahise mfungwa, mara igihe cy’ibyumweru bigera hafi kuri bine. Abenshi mu bayobozi b’icyo kigo bari abantu bagwa neza. Igihe cyose umuntu yabaga atarashyikirizwa Gestapo, yashoboraga kurekurwa, apfa gusa gushyira umukono ku nyandiko ivuga ko atazongera gutanga ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya. Ubwo bansabaga gushyira umukono kuri iyo nyandiko, narashubije nti “n’ubwo mwampa amafaranga angana iki, ni hahandi sinayishyiraho umukono.”

Maze gufungwa igihe kirekire runaka, nashyikirijwe Gestapo. Ubwo ni bwo najyanywe mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cy’i Sachsenhausen mu Budage.

Imibereho y’i Sachsenhausen

Ubwo nageragayo muri Kamena 1941, nasanze Abahamya bagera ku 150​—abenshi muri bo bakaba bari Abadage​—baramaze kugera i Sachsenhausen. Twebwe imfungwa nshya, twashyizwe mu gace k’icyo kigo kitwaga mu Bwigunge. Aho ngaho, abavandimwe bacu b’Abakristo batwitayeho, maze baduteguza ibyo twitegaga ko byazatubaho. Icyumweru kimwe nyuma y’aho, haje irindi tsinda ry’Abahamya baturutse mu Buholandi. Ubwa mbere, twategetswe guhagarara ahantu hamwe imbere y’utwumba, kuva saa moya za mu gitondo kugeza saa kumi n’ebyiri za nimugoroba. Rimwe na rimwe, imfungwa zagombaga kubikora buri munsi, zikamara icyumweru kimwe cyangwa byinshi.

N’ubwo abavandimwe bafatwaga nabi cyane, bazirikanaga ko ari ngombwa gukomeza kugendera kuri gahunda, no kwigaburira mu buryo bw’umwuka. Buri munsi, hari umuntu runaka wabaga yashinzwe gutegura ibitekerezo bishingiye ku murongo wa Bibiliya. Nyuma y’aho, Abahamya barazaga umwe umwe, bakegera uwo nguwo ku mbuga twakoraniragaho, maze bagatega amatwi ibyo yabaga yateguye. Mu buryo ubu n’ubu, ibitabo byahoraga byinjizwa mu kigo mu ibanga, kandi twari dusigaye duterana buri Cyumweru, maze tukigira hamwe ibyo bitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya.

Mu buryo runaka, kopi y’igitabo Children, cyari cyarerekanywe mu ikoraniro ry’i St. Louis muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, mu mpeshyi y’umwaka wa 1941, yinjijwe rwihishwa i Sachsenhausen. Kugira ngo tworoshye akaga ko kuba icyo gitabo cyavumburwa maze kikavanwaho, twagikasemo ibice, maze ibyo bice bikajya bihererekanywa mu bavandimwe, ku buryo buri wese yashoboraga kugira ibihe bye byo kugisoma.

Nyuma y’igihe runaka, ubuyobozi bw’icyo kigo bwaje gutahura ko dukora amateraniro. Bityo rero, Abahamya baratatanyijwe, maze bashyirwa mu twumba dutandukanye. Ibyo byaduhaye uburyo bwiza bwo kubwiriza izindi mfungwa, kandi ingaruka zabaye iz’uko Abanyapolonye, abakomoka muri Ukraine, hamwe n’abandi benshi bemeye ukuri.

Abo mu ishyaka rya Nazi ntibahishiriye umugambi wabo wo kuvana ku izima cyangwa kwica ba Bibelforscher, nk’uko Abahamya ba Yehova bitwaga icyo gihe. Ingaruka zabaye iz’uko ibitotezo twatejwe byari bikaze cyane. Batubwiraga ko nidushyira umukono ku itangazo rigaragaza ko twihakanye ukwizera kwacu, dushobora gufungurwa. Abavandimwe bamwe na bamwe batangiye gushaka impamvu z’urwitwazo, bavuga ngo “ndamutse mfunguwe, nshobora gukora byinshi kurushaho mu murimo wa Yehova.” N’ubwo hari bake bashyize umukono kuri iryo tangazo, abenshi mu bavandimwe bacu bakomeje kuba abizerwa, kabone n’ubwo hari ibintu by’ingenzi bari bakeneye, bagashinyagurirwa, kandi bakagirirwa ibya mfura mbi. Bamwe muri abo bihakanye, ntitwigeze twongera kumva ibyabo ukundi. Igishimishije ariko, ni uko abandi baje kugarura ubuyanja, na n’ubu bakaba bakiri Abahamya bakorana umwete.

Twahoraga duhatirwa kujya kurebera, mu gihe imfungwa zabaga zirimo zihabwa ibihano bya kinyamaswa byo kuzibabaza umubiri, nko gukubitwa ibiboko 25. Igihe kimwe, twajyanywe kureba ukuntu bica abagabo bane babamanitse. Ibyo bintu bigira ingaruka nyakuri ku muntu wabibonye. Umuvandimwe umwe, akaba yari umugabo muremure ufite uburanga twabanaga mu kumba kamwe, yarambwiye ati “mbere y’uko nza hano, sinashoboraga kureba amaraso, ngo mbure guhita ngwa igihumure. Ariko ubu, nabaye ikinya.” Ariko kandi, n’ubwo dushobora kuba twarabaye ibinya, nta bwo twabaye ba rutare. Nakwemeza ko ntigeze numva ndakariye abadutotezaga, cyangwa ngo numve mbafitiye urwango.

Nyuma yo gukorana na kommando (ni ukuvuga ikipi y’abantu bakorera hamwe) mu gihe runaka, najyanywe mu bitaro, mfite umuriro mwinshi. Umuganga w’umugiraneza wo muri Noruveje hamwe n’umuforomo wo muri Cekosilovakiya baramfashije, kandi birashoboka ko ineza yabo yarokoye ubuzima bwanjye.

Urugendo Ruganisha ku Rupfu

Muri Mata 1945, byaragaragaraga ko Ubudage bwari burimo butsindwa mu ntambara. Ingabo z’ibihugu byiyunze by’iburengerazuba zagendaga zisatira vuba ziturutse iburengerazuba, Abasoviyeti na bo bakaba bari baturutse iburasirazuba. Abo mu ishyaka rya Nazi ntibashoboraga kwica abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi amagana bari mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, ngo bavaneho imirambo yabo mu minsi mike, maze ngo habure gusigara ikimenyetso icyo ari cyo cyose. Bityo rero, bafashe umwanzuro wo guhotora abari barwaye, maze imfungwa zisigaye bakazijyana ku byambu biri hafi cyane kurusha ibindi. Bari bacuze umugambi w’uko nizihagera bari kuzipakira mu mato, maze bakaziroha mu nyanja.

Urugendo rw’imfungwa zibarirwa mu 26.000 zaturukaga i Sachsenhausen, rwatangiye mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 20 Mata. Mbere y’uko tuva mu kigo, abavandimwe bacu barwaye bari batabawe, bavanwa mu bitaro. Hari habonetse ikintu cyo mu bwoko bw’igare batwaramo imizigo, bashoboraga gutwarwamo. Twese hamwe, twari abantu 230 bakomoka mu bihugu bitandatu bitandukanye. Mu bari barwaye, harimo Umuvandimwe Arthur Winkler, wari waragize uruhare rukomeye mu bihereranye no kwaguka k’umurimo mu Buholandi. Twebwe Abahamya, ni twe twari inyuma muri urwo rugendo, kandi ntitwahwemaga guterana inkunga yo gukomeza kugenda.

Tugitangira, twagenze amasaha 36 nta kuruhuka. Nari nsigaye mpunyiza ndimo ngenda, bitewe n’imiruho no kunanirwa. Ariko kandi, gusigara inyuma cyangwa kuruhuka byo byari ibintu bidashoboka, kubera ko umuntu yabaga ari mu kaga ko kuba yaraswa n’abarinzi. Nijoro, twararaga mu bisambu cyangwa mu bihuru. Habonekaga ibyo kurya bike cyangwa bikabura. Mu gihe inzara yari ikomeye cyane, narigataga umuti wo koza amenyo Umuryango Utabara Imbabare (Croix Rouge) wo muri Suède wari waraduhaye.

Hari aho twageze dukambika mu bihuru tuhamara iminsi ine, bitewe n’uko abarinzi b’Abadage bari bananiwe gusobanukirwa neza aho ingabo z’Uburusiya n’iza Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zari ziherereye. Iyo ni imigisha twagize, kubera ko byatumye tutagera ahitwa i Lübeck Bay mu gihe cyari giteganyijwe, ngo dupakirwe mu mato yari yagenewe kutujyana mu mazi yari butubere imva. Amaherezo, nyuma y’iminsi 12 n’urugendo rw’ibilometero bigera hafi kuri 200, twageze ahitwa i Crivitz Wood. Aho ntihari kure y’ahitwa i Schwerin, uwo ukaba ari umujyi uri mu bilometero hafi 50 uturutse i Lübeck.

Iburyo bwacu hari Abasoviyeti, naho ibumoso hakaba Abanyamerika. Bitewe n’ibibunda binini byaturikaga n’urusaku rudatuza rw’imbunda, twamenye ko twari hafi y’aho abarwana bari bahanganiye. Abarinzi b’Abadage bahiye ubwoba; bamwe barahunga, maze abandi bikuramo imyambaro yabo ya gisirikare bambara imyambaro y’imfungwa bari bacuje abari bapfuye, biringira ko batazamenyekana. Muri iryo hiriri ry’urujijo, twebwe Abahamya twarakoranye, kugira ngo dusenge dusaba ubuyobozi.

Abavandimwe bari bafite inshingano bafashe umwanzuro w’uko twagombaga kugenda hakiri kare bukeye bwaho, maze tukerekeza ahari ibirindiro by’ingabo za Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. N’ubwo imfungwa zigera hafi kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’izari zaratangiye urwo rugendo ruganisha ku rupfu zapfuye cyangwa zigahotorerwa mu nzira, Abahamya bo bararokotse bose.

Hari abasirikare b’Abanyakanada bantwaye mu modoka, bangeza mu mujyi wa Nijmegen, aho mushiki wanjye yahoze atuye. Ariko ngeze aho yabaga, nasanze yarahavuye. Bityo rero, niyemeza kugenda ngana i Rotterdam. Igishimishije ariko, ni uko mu nzira nabonye umuntu wantwaye mu modoka ye bwite, agahita anjyana akangeza imuhira.

Ukuri Ni Ko Kwabaye Imibereho Yanjye

Umunsi nyir’izina nagereyeho i Rotterdam, nahise nsaba kongera gukora umurimo w’ubupayiniya. Ibyumweru bitatu nyuma y’aho, nari nageze aho nashinzwe gukora umurimo mu mujyi wa Zutphen, ari na ho nakoze mu gihe cyakurikiyeho kingana n’umwaka n’igice. Muri icyo gihe, nasubiranye imbaraga runaka z’umubiri. Hanyuma, nabaye umugenzuzi w’akarere, nk’uko abakozi basura amatorero bitwa. Amezi make nyuma y’aho, natumiriwe kujya mu Ishuri rya Watchtower Bible ry’i Galēdi, mu ntara ya South Lansing, i New York. Nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu cyiciro cya 12 cy’iryo shuri muri Gashyantare 1949, noherejwe gukora umurimo mu Bubiligi.

Nakoze mu nzego zinyuranye z’umurimo mu Bubiligi, hakubiyemo n’imyaka igera hafi ku munani namaze ku biro by’ishami, n’imyaka igera muri za mirongo namaze mu murimo wo gusura amatorero, ndi umugenzuzi w’akarere n’umugenzuzi w’intara icyarimwe. Mu mwaka wa 1958, nashyingiranywe na Justine, aba mugenzi wanjye twajyanaga gusura amatorero. Ubu, mu gihe maze kugera mu za bukuru, ndacyafite ibyishimo byo kuba nshobora gukora umurimo mu rugero ruciriritse, nkaba ndi umugenzuzi usura amatorero wungirije.

Iyo nsubije amaso inyuma nkareba umurimo nakoze, nshobora rwose kuvuga nti “nta kintu cyaba cyiza kuruta ukuri.” Birumvikana ko buri gihe atari ko byabaga byoroshye. Nagiye mbona ko ngomba kuvana isomo ku makosa yanjye no ku ntege nke zanjye. Bityo rero, iyo nganira n’abakiri bato, akenshi ndababwira nti “namwe muzakora amakosa, ndetse wenda munatandukire mu buryo bukomeye, ariko kandi ntimugaterere iyo. Mujye mubiganiraho n’ababyeyi banyu cyangwa n’umusaza, maze mukosore ibikeneye gukosorwa.”

Mu myaka igera hafi kuri 50 maze nkora umurimo w’igihe cyose mu Bubiligi, nagize igikundiro cyo kubona abo nari nzi bakiri abana, baba abasaza n’abagenzuzi b’uturere. Kandi nabonye ababwiriza b’Ubwami bageraga hafi ku 1.700 mu gihugu cyose, biyongera bagasaga 27.000.

Ndabaza nti “mbese, hari ubundi buryo bwo kubaho bwarangwamo imigisha myinshi kurusha ubwo gukorera Yehova?” Nta bwigeze bubaho, nta buriho muri iki gihe, kandi nta n’ubuzigera bubaho. Nsenga nsaba ko Yehova yakomeza kuyobora umugore wanjye nanjye ubwanjye no kuduha imigisha, kugira ngo dushobore gukomeza kumukorera iteka.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 26]

Ndi kumwe n’umugore wanjye nyuma gato y’ishyingiranwa ryacu mu mwaka wa 1958

“Muhindure Abantu Babe Abigishwa Baturutse mu Bantu b’Amahanga Yose”

“KU BW’IBYO rero, nimugende maze muhindure abantu babe abigishwa baturutse mu bantu b’amahanga yose, mubabatiza mu izina rya Data n’iry’Umwana n’iry’umwuka wera.” Uko ni ko Bibiliya yitwa New World Translation ihindura itegeko rya Yesu ryanditswe muri Matayo 28:19. Icyakora, iyo mihindurire yavuzweho byinshi. Urugero, agatabo kamwe k’abanyamadini kagize kati “ubuhinduzi bumwe gusa bwemewe n’inyandiko y’Ikigiriki, ni ubu bugira buti ‘muhindure abigishwa bo mu mahanga yose!’ ” Mbese, ibyo ni ukuri?

Iyo mihindurire ivuga ngo “muhindure abigishwa bo mu mahanga yose,” iboneka mu buhinduzi bwinshi bwa Bibiliya, kandi ihuje n’inyandiko y’Ikigiriki yahinduwe ijambo ku rindi. None se, amagambo ngo “muhindure abantu babe abigishwa baturutse mu bantu b’amahanga yose, mubabatiza,” ashingiye he? Ni mu gitekerezo rusange cyerekezwaho. Biragaragara ko amagambo ngo “mubabatiza,” yerekeza ku bantu buri wese ku giti cye, akaba aterekeza ku mahanga. Intiti y’Umudage yitwa Hans Bruns yagize iti “[indangasano] ‘ba’ ntiyerekeza ku mahanga (Ikigiriki gishyiraho itandukaniro rigaragara neza), ahubwo yerekeza ku bantu bo muri ayo mahanga.”

Byongeye kandi, uburyo iryo tegeko rya Yesu ryasohojwemo, bwagombye gusuzumwa. Ku birebana n’umurimo Pawulo na Barinaba bakoreye i Derube, umudugudu wo muri Aziya Ntoya, dusoma ngo “bamaze kubwira abantu ubutumwa bwiza muri uwo mudugudu no guhindura benshi abigishwa, basubira i Lusitira no mu Ikoniyo no mu Antiyokiya” (Ibyakozwe 14:21). Zirikana ko Pawulo na Barinaba batahinduye abantu bose bo mu mudugudu w’i Derube abigishwa, ahubwo ko bahinduye bamwe mu bantu b’i Derube.

Mu buryo nk’ubwo rero, ku bihereranye n’igihe cy’imperuka, igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe nticyahanuye ko amahanga yose uko yakabaye yari kuzakorera Imana, ahubwo cyahanuye ko “[imbaga y’]abantu benshi . . . bo mu mahanga yose n’imiryango yose n’am[o]ko yose n’indimi zose,” ari yo yari kuzayikorera. (Ibyahishuwe 7:9, ayo magambo ari mu nyuguti ziberamye ni twe twayanditse dutyo.) Bityo rero, Bibiliya yitwa New World Translation ivanweho umugayo, kandi ni bwo buhinduzi bwiringirwa bw’ ‘Ibyanditswe byose byahumetswe n’Imana.’​—2 Timoteyo 3:16.