Igice cya 22

Igice cya 3—Abahamya kugera mu turere twa kure cyane tw’isi

Raporo y’umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami kuva mu mwaka wa 1935 kugeza mu wa 1945 igaragara ku ipaji ya 444 kugeza ku ya 461. Umwaka wa 1935 urihariye cyane kubera ko muri uwo mwaka ari bwo abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi bavugwa mu Byahishuwe 7:9 bamenyekanye. Ku birebana no gukorakoranya abagize iryo tsinda, Abahamya ba Yehova batangiye gusobanukirwa ko Bibiliya yabahaye umurimo bagombaga gusohoza mu rugero rwagutse kuruta mbere hose. Ariko se bashohoje bate uwo murimo mu gihe amahanga yivurugutaga mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose n’ibihugu byinshi bigashyiraho amategeko abuzanya umurimo n’ibitabo byabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya?

MU MYAKA ya 1930 Abahamya ba Yehova babwirizaga bafite intego yo kugeza ubutumwa bw’ubwami ku bantu benshi uko bishoboka kose. Iyo babonaga abantu bashimishijwe mu buryo budasanzwe, bamwe barahagumaga bakageza mu gicuku basobanurira ukuri kwa Bibiliya abo bantu bafite inzara yo mu buryo bw’umwuka kandi bagasubiza ibibazo byabo. Ariko incuro nyinshi, Abahamya batangizaga amagambo make yo gutuma ba nyir’inzu bashimishwa, maze bakareka ibitabo cyangwa disikuru z’abantu bose zishingiye kuri Bibiliya bigakora ibisigaye. Bibandaga ku kumenyesha abantu no kubiba imbuto z’ukuri k’Ubwami.

Bashyiraho imihati myinshi kugira ngo bageze ubutumwa bwiza ku bantu benshi

Bakoraga umurimo bumva ko wihutirwa. Urugero, mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1930, igihe Armando Menazzi w’i Córdoba muri Arijantine yasomaga inyigisho isobanutse neza y’ukuri kwa Bibiliya mu gatabo kasobanuraga ikuzimu (Enfer) n’akasobanuraga aho abapfuye bari (Où sont les morts?), yahise agira icyo akora (Zab 145:20; Umubw 9:5; Ibyak 24:15). Ibyo yamenye hamwe n’ishyaka Nicolás Argyrós yagiraga, byatumye agurisha igaraji rye kugira ngo yiyegurire umurimo wo kubwiriza ukuri ari umupayiniya. Hanyuma mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1940, yateye inkunga Abahamya b’i Córdoba bagura bisi ishaje, bashyiramo uburiri, maze ababwiriza icumi cyangwa barenga bakajya bakoresha iyo modoka bagiye kubwiriza bakamara icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri, hakaba nubwo bamaze amezi atatu. Iyo bateguraga izo ngendo, bahaga abavandimwe na bashiki bacu batandukanye bo mu itorero uburyo bwo kuzifatanyamo. Buri wese mu itsinda yabaga afite umurimo ashinzwe, haba gukora isuku, guteka cyangwa kuroba, no guhiga kugira ngo babone ibyokurya. Abo babwiriza barangwaga n’ishyaka babwirije ku nzu n’inzu nibura mu ntara icumi zo muri Arijantine, bagera mu migi no mu midugudu kandi bagera no ku bantu bari batuye mu masambu yitaruye.

Abahamya bo muri Ositaraliya na bo bagaragaje umwuka nk’uwo. Babwirije cyane mu migi yo ku nkombe yari ituwe n’abantu benshi. Ariko nanone bageragezaga kugera ku bantu babaga mu turere twitaruye. Ni yo mpamvu ku itariki ya 31 Werurwe 1936, Arthur Willis na Bill Newlands batangiye gusura aborozi b’intama n’inka bari batuye batatanye imbere mu gihugu, bakaba baragenze ibirometero 19.710. Ahantu henshi banyuze nta mihanda yabaga ihari, keretse inzira zanyuraga mu butayu butagira ibiti, burimo ubushyuhe butwika n’umuyaga urimo umukungugu. Ariko ibyo ntibyababujije gukomeza urugendo, aho basanze abantu bashimishijwe bakabumvisha disikuru zafashwe amajwi zishingiye kuri Bibiliya kandi bakabasigira ibitabo. John E. (Ted) Sewell yajyanye na bo mu zindi ngendo, ariko nyuma yaho yitangiye kujya kubwiriza mu Majyepfo y’Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

Ifasi yagenzurwaga n’ishami ryo muri Ositaraliya yarengaga imbibi zayo. Yari ikubiyemo u Bushinwa n’amazinga y’ibirwa ndetse n’ibihugu bihera muri Tahiti mu Burasirazuba bikagera muri Birimaniya (Miyanimari) mu burengerazuba, hareshya n’ibirometero 13.700. Iyo fasi yari igizwe n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe, urugero nka Hong Kong, Indochine (ubu ni Kamboje, Lawo na Viyetinamu), ibirwa by’u Buholandi by’Iburasirazuba (hakubiyemo Sumatra, Java na Bornéo), Nouvelle-Zélande, Tayilande (icyo gihe yitwaga Siam) na Maleziya. Hari igihe umugenzuzi w’ibiro by’ishami witwaga Alexander MacGillivray wo muri Écosse yatumiraga mu biro bye umupayiniya ukiri muto urangwa n’ishyaka, akamwereka ikarita y’ifasi y’ibiro by’ishami, hanyuma akamubaza ati “mbese wifuza kuba umumisiyonari?” Hanyuma yamwerekaga ifasi itarabwirijwemo cyane cyangwa itarabwirizwamo na rimwe, akamubaza ati “ese wakwishimira kujya gutangiza umurimo muri iyi fasi?”

Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1930, bamwe muri abo bapayiniya bari barabwirije cyane muri Indoneziya (icyo gihe hitwaga ibirwa by’u Buholandi by’iburasirazuba) no muri Singapuru. Mu mwaka wa 1935, Frank Dewar wo muri Nouvelle-Zélande, yajyanye n’itsinda ry’abo bapayiniya mu bwato bwitwaga Utwara umucyo bagera muri Singapuru. Hanyuma mbere y’uko ubwo bwato bwerekeza mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba ku nkombe ya Maleziya, Eric Ewins wari kapiteni wabwo yaravuze ati “Frank we, dore turahageze. Aha ni ho tugiye kugusiga. Wahisemo kujya i Siam, aha ni ho usigara.” Ariko Frank yasaga n’uwibagiwe Siam. Yari amaze igihe akorana umurimo n’ababwiriza babaga muri ubwo bwato, none yari agiye gukomeza umurimo ari wenyine.

Yahagaze i Kuala Lumpur, ashaka amafaranga y’urugendo rwari rusigaye, ariko akiriyo yagize impanuka, igihe ikamyo yamugongaga ari ku igare. Amaze koroherwa yafashe gari ya moshi ava Singapuru ajya i Bangkok, afite amadolari atanu gusa mu mufuka. Icyakora yiringiye ko Yehova yashoboraga kumuha ibyo akeneye, nuko akomeza umurimo. Claude Goodman yari yarabwirije muri ako karere igihe gito mu mwaka wa 1931; ariko igihe Frank yahageraga muri Nyakanga 1936, nta Bahamya bari bahari bo kumwakira. Icyakora mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho, hari abandi bamufashije umurimo, harimo Willy Unglaube, Hans Thomas na Kurt Gruber bo mu Budage, na Ted Sewell wo muri Ositaraliya. Batanze ibitabo byinshi, ariko ibyinshi byari mu cyongereza, mu gishinwa no mu kiyapani.

Igihe icyicaro gikuru cyabonaga ibaruwa yavugaga ko abo bavandimwe bari bakeneye ibitabo mu gitayilande, ariko ko nta muhinduzi bari bafite, umuvandimwe Rutherford yarabashubije ati “si jye uri muri Tayilande; ni mwe muri yo. Mwiringire Yehova kandi mukorane umwete, muzabona umuhinduzi.” Kandi koko ni ko byagenze. Chomchai Inthaphan wari warahoze ari umuyobozi w’ishuri ry’abakobwa ry’Abaperesibiteriyani i Chiang Mai, yemeye ukuri, kandi mu mwaka wa 1941 yahinduraga ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya mu gitayilande.

Hashize icyumweru kimwe Frank Dewar atangiye kubwiriza i Bangkok, Frank Rice, wari waratangije umurimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami i Java (ubu ni muri Indoneziya), yaje kumufasha igihe yari yoherejwe mu ifasi nshya muri Indochine y’u Bufaransa. Nk’uko yari yarabigenje mu ifasi yabwirijemo mbere, yabwirizaga abavuga icyongereza mu gihe yabaga acyiga ururimi rwaho. Amaze kubwiriza i Saigon (ubu ni umugi wa Ho Chi Minh), yatangiye kwigisha icyongereza kugira ngo abone amafaranga yo kugura imodoka ishaje yashoboraga gukoresha agera mu turere two mu majyaruguru y’igihugu. Ntiyashishikazwaga no gutunga ibintu byiza, ahubwo yashyiraga imbere inyungu z’Ubwami (Heb 13:5). Yakoresheje iyo modoka yaguze, abwiriza mu migi, mu midugudu no mu ngo zitaruye agera i Hanoi.

Bamamaza ubutumwa bashize amanga

Kugira ngo Abahamya bashishikarize abantu ubutumwa bw’Ubwami kandi baburire abantu ko bagomba kugira icyo bakora batazuyaje, mu bihugu byinshi bakoreshaga uburyo bwashishikazaga abantu benshi. Batangiriye i Glasgow muri Écosse mu mwaka wa 1936, bambara ibyapa byamamaza disikuru zari gutangirwa mu ikoraniro kandi batanga impapuro z’itumira mu duce twakorerwagamo imirimo y’ubucuruzi. Hashize imyaka ibiri, mu mwaka wa 1938, hari ubundi buryo bushishikaje batangiye gukoresha mu gihe cy’ikoraniro ryabereye i Londres mu Bwongereza. Nathan H. Knorr na Albert D. Schroeder, bombi bakaba baraje kuba bamwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi, bayoboye akarasisi k’Abahamya bagera hafi ku gihumbi banyura mu gace k’umugi wa Londres kakorerwagamo ubucuruzi. Umuntu umwe kuri babiri mu bari muri urwo rugendo yari yambaye icyapa cyamamaza disikuru y’abantu bose yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Tumenye ukuri,” yari gutangwa na J. F. Rutherford mu nzu mberabyombi ya Royal Albert Hall. Abo hagati babaga bafite ibyapa byanditseho ngo “Idini ni umutego kandi rirariganya.” (Icyo gihe bumvaga ko idini ari uburyo bwose bwo gusenga budahuje n’Ijambo ry’Imana, Bibiliya.) Nyuma yaho muri icyo cyumweru, bongeyemo ibindi byapa byavugaga ngo “Mukorere Imana na Kristo Umwami,” kugira ngo bahoshe uburakari bw’abantu bari babarakariye. Uwo murimo ntiwari woroheye Abahamya ba Yehova benshi, ariko babonaga ko ari ubundi buryo bwo gukorera Yehova, no kumugaragariza ubudahemuka.

Abantu bose si ko bashimishwaga n’ubutumwa Abahamya ba Yehova batangazaga bashize amanga. Abayobozi b’amadini bo muri Ositaraliya no muri Nouvelle-Zélande bokeje igitutu abayoboraga amaradiyo ngo bareke gutangaza ibiganiro byose by’Abahamya ba Yehova. Muri Mata 1938, igihe umuvandimwe Rutherford yari mu rugendo agiye muri Ositaraliya gutanga disikuru kuri radiyo, abategetsi bemeye gushukwa, maze basesa amasezerano yose yari yakozwe yo gukoresha radiyo n’inzu mberabyombi ya Sydney Town Hall. Abavandimwe bahise bakodesha sitade y’i Sydney, kandi abantu benshi baje kumva disikuru y’umuvandimwe Rutherford, kubera ko ibyo kurwanya uruzinduko byari byavuzwe cyane mu itangazamakuru. Ikindi gihe, iyo bangiraga Abahamya gukoresha radiyo, na bo bakazaga umurego bakamamaza amateraniro, aho abantu bumvaga disikuru z’umuvandimwe Rutherford zafashwe amajwi.

Abayobozi b’amadini bo mu Bubiligi boherezaga abana ngo batere amabuye Abahamya, kandi abapadiri na bo bagendaga ku nzu n’inzu baka abantu ibitabo Abahamya babaga babahaye. Icyakora abaturage bamwe bakundaga ibyo Abahamya ba Yehova babigishaga kandi akenshi barababwiraga bati “mumpe ibitabo byinshi kugira ngo padiri naza muhe kimwe yishime, nsigarane ibindi byo gusoma!”

Icyakora mu myaka yakurikiyeho, Abahamya ba Yehova barushijeho kurwanywa n’ubutumwa bw’Ubwami babwirizaga burarwanywa.

Babwiriza mu Burayi bahanganye n’ibitotezo byo mu ntambara

Abahamya ba Yehova babarirwa mu bihumbi bo muri Otirishiya, mu Bubiligi, mu Bufaransa, mu Budage no mu Buholandi barafunzwe cyangwa boherezwa mu bigo by’Abanazi byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, bazira ko banze kwihakana ukwizera kwabo kandi bagakomeza kubwiriza. Bakorerwaga ibikorwa bya kinyamaswa. Abari batarafungwa bakomezaga kubwiriza babigiranye amakenga. Akenshi babwirizaga bakoresheje Bibiliya yonyine, bagatanga ibitabo gusa igihe basubiye gusura abantu bashimishijwe. Kugira ngo Abahamya badafatwa, babwirizaga ku muryango umwe mu nzu y’amacumbi hanyuma bakajya ku yindi nzu, cyangwa bamara gusura abantu bo mu nzu imwe bakajya ku nzu yo ku wundi muhanda. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo ariko, ntibatinyaga kubwiriza.

Ku itariki ya 12 Ukuboza 1936, nyuma y’amezi make gusa abamaneko b’Abanazi bafashe Abahamya n’abandi bantu bashimishijwe babarirwa mu bihumbi mu mukwabu bakoze mu gihugu hose bagamije guhagarika umurimo wabo, Abahamya na bo bateguye gahunda yagutse yo kubwiriza. Mu gihe gito cyane bari bamaze gushyira mu dusanduku tw’iposita no munsi y’inzugi z’abaturage bo mu Budage hose kopi z’icyemezo zibarirwa mu bihumbi byinshi. Icyo cyemezo cyamaganaga ibikorwa bya kinyamaswa byakorerwaga abavandimwe na bashiki bacu b’Abakristo. Mu gihe cy’isaha imwe batangiye gutanga icyo cyemezo, abapolisi bakwiriye hose bashaka gufata abagitangaga, ariko bafashe abagera mu icumi gusa mu gihugu cyose.

Abategetsi baramanjiriwe babonye ukuntu icyo gikorwa cyari cyakozwe mu rugero rwagutse kandi leta y’Abanazi yari yarakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bahagarike umurimo. Byongeye kandi, batinye abaturage. Kubera iki? Kubera ko igihe abapolisi n’abandi bakozi bambaye imyenda ya leta bajyaga mu ngo kubaza niba abaturage bari babonye izo nzandiko, abenshi muri bo barabihakanye. Koko rero, abenshi muri bo bari batarazibona. Muri buri nzu y’amacumbi kopi z’icyo cyemezo zari zashyizwe mu ngo ebyiri cyangwa eshatu gusa. Ariko abapolisi ntibari babizi. Batekerezaga ko zashyizwe muri buri rugo.

Mu mezi yakurikiyeho, abategetsi b’Abanazi bahakanye bivuye inyuma ibirego byari byanditse muri ibyo byemezo. Ibyo byatumye ku itariki ya 20 Kamena 1937, Abahamya bari batarafungwa batanga ubundi butumwa, bukaba bwari ibaruwa ifunguye yatangaga ibisobanuro birambuye ku byerekeye ibyo bitotezo byose, ikavuga amazina y’abategetsi babikoze, amatariki n’aho babikoreye. Abamaneko b’Abanazi bahangayikishijwe cyane n’uko ibyo bakoraga byashyizwe ahabona n’ukuntu Abahamya bashoboye gukwirakwiza ubwo butumwa.

Umuryango wa Kusserow w’i Bad Lippspringe mu Budage, wagaragaje incuro nyinshi ko wari wariyemeje gutanga ubuhamya. Urugero rubigaragaza, ni ibyabaye igihe Abanazi bari bamaze kwicira mu ruhame Wilhelm Kusserow i Münster bamuziza ko yanze guteshuka ku kwizera kwe. Hilda nyina wa Wilhelm yahise ajya kuri gereza gusaba umurambo kugira ngo bawuhambe. Yabwiye umuryango we ati “tuzaha ubuhamya bukomeye abantu bamuzi.” Igihe bari mu muhango w’ihamba Franz, se wa Wilhelm yavuze isengesho rigaragaza ko yizera ibyo Yehova yateganyirije abantu abigiranye urukundo. Bari ku mva, Karl-Heinz murumuna wa Wilhelm yavuze amagambo ahumuriza yo muri Bibiliya. Nubwo ibyo babihaniwe, icy’ingenzi kuri bo cyari uguhesha ikuzo Yehova no gutanga ubuhamya buhereranye n’izina rye n’Ubwami bwe.

Igihe ibitotezo byaterwaga n’intambara byiyongeraga cyane mu Buholandi, Abahamya baho bagize amakenga bahindura gahunda z’amateraniro. Amateraniro yaberaga mu ngo z’abavandimwe, agizwe n’abantu icumi gusa cyangwa batagezeho. Bahinduranyaga kenshi aho amateraniro yaberaga. Buri Muhamya yateraniraga mu itsinda rye gusa kandi nta wari wemerewe kuvuga aho bateranira, kabone niyo yaba abibajijwe n’incuti yiringira. Muri icyo gihe, igihe intambara yatumaga abaturage benshi bava mu byabo, Abahamya ba Yehova bari bazi ko abantu bari bakeneye mu buryo bwihuse ubutumwa bwo kubahumuriza buboneka mu Ijambo ry’Imana honyine, maze babubagezaho badatinya. Icyakora ibiro by’ishami byabandikiye ibaruwa yabibutsaga ko bagombaga kugira amakenga nk’ayo Yesu yagaragaje mu mimerere itandukanye, igihe bamurwanyaga (Mat 10:16; 22:15-22). Ni yo mpamvu iyo bahuraga n’umuntu akabagaragariza urwango, bandikaga babyitondeye aderesi z’aho aherereye kugira ngo hazafatwe ingamba zihariye zo kwirinda kubwiriza muri urwo rugo igihe bazaba bagarutse muri iyo fasi.

Abaturage bo mu Bugiriki bahuye n’imibabaro myinshi igihe bari barigaruriwe n’u Budage. Icyakora, ibyinshi mu bitotezo bikaze Abahamya ba Yehova bahuraga na byo byaturukaga ku bayobozi ba Kiliziya ya Orutodogisi y’u Bugiriki babaharabikaga babigiranye ubugome, bagakomeza kotsa igitutu abapolisi n’inkiko ngo zibafatire ibyemezo. Abahamya benshi barafunzwe cyangwa birukanwa mu migi batuyemo maze boherezwa mu midugudu yitaruye cyangwa bafungirwa mu mimerere ibabaje ku birwa biriho ubutayu. Icyakora bakomezaga kubwiriza. (Gereranya n’Ibyakozwe 8:1, 4.) Akenshi babikoraga baganiriza abantu basanze mu busitani, bakicarana na bo bakababwira ibyerekeye Ubwami bw’Imana. Iyo babonaga umuntu ushimishijwe, bamutizaga igitabo cy’imfashanyigisho ya Bibiliya, akazakibasubiza kugira ngo kizongere gikoreshwe. Abantu benshi bakundaga ukuri bemeraga kwigishwa n’Abahamya babyishimiye kandi hari n’abifatanyije na bo mu kugeza ku bandi ubutumwa bwiza, nubwo ibyo byatumaga batotezwa bikabije.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyatumaga Abahamya bagira ubutwari kandi bakihangana ni uko bubakwaga n’ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Nubwo mu duce tumwe na tumwe two mu Burayi ibitabo byo gutanga byabaye ingume mu gihe cy’intambara, bageragezaga guhererekanya ibitabo bikomeza ukwizera byari byarateguwe n’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society kugira ngo bijye byigwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova bo ku isi hose. August Kraft, Peter Gölles, Ludwig Cyranek, Therese Schreiber n’abandi benshi bashyize ubuzima bwabo mu kaga bagira uruhare mu murimo wo gukoporora no gukwirakwiza ibitabo byo kwiga, bikaba byarageraga muri Otirishiya rwihishwa binyuze muri Cekosilovakiya, mu Butaliyani no mu Busuwisi. Mu Buholandi, umurinzi wa gereza wari umuntu mwiza yafashije Arthur Winkler kubona Bibiliya. Nubwo umwanzi yafashe ingamba zikaze, Umunara w’Umurinzi wabaga urimo amazi agarura ubuyanja y’ukuri ko muri Bibiliya wageraga no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa mu Budage kandi ukazenguruka mu Bahamya baho.

Nubwo Abahamya ba Yehova bafungiwe muri za gereza no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, ibyo ntibyababujije kuba abahamya. Igihe intumwa Pawulo yari afungiwe i Roma, yaranditse ati ‘ndababazwa kugeza nubwo mbohwa . . . Icyakora ijambo ry’Imana ryo ntiriboshywe’ (2 Tim 2:9). Uko ni ko byari bimeze ku Bahamya ba Yehova bo mu Burayi mu gihe cy’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose. Abarinzi bitegerezaga imyitwarire yabo. Bamwe bababazaga ibibazo, kandi hari bake bizeye, nubwo byatumaga batakaza umudendezo wabo. Imfungwa nyinshi zari zifunganywe n’Abahamya zari zaraturutse mu bihugu byari byarabwirijwemo ubutumwa bwiza mu rugero ruto cyane, urugero nko mu Burusiya. Nyuma y’intambara, hari abasubiye mu bihugu byabo barabaye Abahamya ba Yehova, bafite ishyaka ryo kuhabwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami.

Ibitotezo bikaze hamwe n’ingaruka z’intambara ntibyabujije abantu benshi gukoranira mu rusengero rwa Yehova rwo mu buryo bw’umwuka rukomeye, nk’uko byari byarahanuwe (Yes 2:2-4). Kuva mu mwaka wa 1938 kugeza mu wa 1945, mu bihugu byinshi by’i Burayi umubare w’abagiraga uruhare muri iyo gahunda yo kuyoboka Imana batangaza Ubwami bwayo wariyongereye cyane. Mu Bwongereza, muri Finilande, mu Bufaransa no mu Busuwisi, ugereranyije Abahamya bagize ukwiyongera kungana na 100 ku ijana. Umubare w’ababwiriza bo mu Bugiriki wikubye hafi karindwi, mu Buholandi wikuba incuro cumi n’ebyiri. Ariko byageze mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1945 nta raporo zivuye mu Budage no muri Rumaniya ziraboneka, kandi na raporo zari zaraturutse mu bindi bihugu ntizari zuzuye.

Uko byari byifashe hanze y’u Burayi muri iyo myaka y’intambara

Mu bihugu by’Iburasirazuba na ho intambara y’isi yose yatumye Abahamya ba Yehova bahura n’ingorane zikomeye. Mu Buyapani no muri Koreya, barafashwe barakubitwa, kandi bakorerwa ibikorwa by’iyicarubozo bazira ko bari bashyigikiye Ubwami bw’Imana kandi bakanga gusenga umwami w’abami w’u Buyapani. Amaherezo babuze uko bashyikirana n’abandi Bahamya bo mu bindi bihugu. Benshi babonaga uburyo bwo kubwiriza gusa igihe bahatwaga ibibazo cyangwa bacirwa imanza mu nkiko. Intambara yagiye kurangira umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova wo kubwiriza mu ruhame muri ibyo bihugu usa n’uwahagaze burundu.

Igihe intambara yageraga muri Filipine, Abahamya batotejwe n’impande zombi kubera ko batari bashyigikiye Abayapani cyangwa ingabo zabarwanyaga. Abahamya benshi bavuye mu ngo zabo kugira ngo badafatwa. Icyakora babwirizaga aho bageraga hose, baba bafite ibitabo bakabitiza abantu, nyuma yaho bagakoresha Bibiliya yonyine. Intambara imaze gusubira inyuma, batunganyije amato yatwaraga amatsinda manini y’Abahamya bakajya kubwiriza ku birwa bitari byarabwirijwe cyangwa byari byarabwirijwe mu rugero ruto.

Muri Birimaniya (Miyanimari), igitero cy’u Buyapani si cyo cyabangamiye umurimo, ahubwo abayobozi b’amadini y’Abangilikani, Abametodisiti, Kiliziya Gatolika y’i Roma n’Ababatisita bo muri Amerika ni bo bokeje igitutu abategetsi b’abakoloni, maze muri Gicurasi 1941 bashyiraho itegeko ryabuzanyaga ibitabo by’Abahamya ba Yehova. Abahamya babiri bakoraga mu biro byakira telegaramu babonye ubutumwa bamenya ibyari bigiye gukurikiraho, maze abavandimwe bahita bimura ibitabo byari mu bubiko kugira ngo bidafatirwa. Hanyuma bashyizeho imihati kugira ngo ibyinshi muri byo babyohereze mu Bushinwa babinyujije inzira y’ubutaka.

Icyo gihe Leta ya Amerika yoherereje leta y’u Bushinwa ibikoresho byinshi by’intambara ikoresheje amakamyo yanyuraga mu muhanda wa Birimaniya. Abavandimwe bagerageje gushaka umwanya muri imwe muri ayo makamyo ariko barabahakanira. Nanone bagerageje gushaka imodoka muri Singapuru ariko ntibyakunda. Icyakora, Mick Engel wari ushinzwe ububiko bw’ibitabo by’Abahamya i Rangoon (ubu ni Yangon) yagiye kureba umutegetsi ukomeye w’Umunyamerika, amuha uburenganzira bwo gutwara ibitabo mu makamyo y’abasirikare.

Icyakora nyuma yaho igihe Fred Paton na Hector Oates begeraga umuyobozi wagenzuraga amakamyo ajya mu Bushinwa kugira ngo bamusabe umwanya, yarabatombokanye! Yaravuze ati “nta soni? Bishoboka bite ko ibyo bintazi byanyu ngo ni ibitabo nabiha umwanya ungana utyo mu makamyo yanjye kandi nabuze aho ntwara ibikoresho bya gisirikare bikenewe cyane n’imiti irimo iborera aha idatwikiriye?” Fred yaratuje, akura mu isakoshi ye urwandiko yari yahawe na wa mutegetsi aruha uwo muyobozi kandi amubwira ko yaba akoze ikosa rikomeye aramutse yirengagije itegeko ryatanzwe n’abategetsi b’i Rangoon. Uwo muyobozi wagenzuraga amakamyo yemereye abo bavandimwe gutwara toni ebyiri z’ibitabo, kandi abaha ikamyoneti n’umushoferi hamwe n’ibindi bari gukenera. Berekeje mu majyaruguru y’iburasirazuba mu muhanda ujya mu Bushinwa unyura mu misozi iteje akaga bafite ibintu byabo by’agaciro. Bamaze kubwiriza i Pao-shan, barakomeje bajya i Chungking (Pahsien). Mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe bamaze mu Bushinwa batanze ibitabo bibarirwa mu bihumbi bivuga iby’Ubwami bwa Yehova. Mu bantu babwirije harimo Chiang Kai-shek, wari perezida w’u Bushinwa.

Hagati aho, ibisasu byakomeje kwiyongera muri Birimaniya, maze Abahamya bose uretse batatu bava mu gihugu, abenshi muri bo bahungira mu Buhindi. Umurimo w’abo Bahamya batatu warakomeje, ariko uko byumvikana wakorwaga mu rugero ruto. Icyakora bakomeje kubwiriza mu buryo bufatiweho, kandi imihati yabo yeze imbuto nyuma y’intambara.

Muri Amerika ya Ruguru na ho Abahamya ba Yehova bahanganye n’ingorane zikaze mu gihe cy’intambara. Urugomo rw’abantu biremye udutsiko rwari rwogeye hose n’amategeko y’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze anyuranyije n’itegeko nshinga byabangamiye cyane umurimo wo kubwiriza. Abahamya babarirwa mu bihumbi bafunzwe bazira kutabogama kwabo kwa gikristo. Nyamara ibyo ntibyacogoje umurimo wo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu. Byongeye kandi, guhera muri Gashyantare 1940, byari ibisanzwe kubabona mu mihanda yo mu duce dukorerwamo imirimo y’ubucuruzi batanga Umunara w’Umurinzi na Nimukanguke! (icyo gihe yitwaga Consolation). Ishyaka ryabo ryarushijeho kwiyongera. Nubwo Abahamya bahuye n’ibitotezo bikaze kurusha ibindi byageze muri ako gace k’isi, kuva mu mwaka wa 1938 kugeza mu wa 1945 umubare wabo wikubye kabiri uranarenga muri Amerika no muri Kanada, kandi igihe bamaraga mu murimo wo kubwiriza cyikuba gatatu.

Mu bihugu byinshi bigize umuryango w’u Bwongereza wa Commonwealth (muri Amerika ya Ruguru, muri Afurika, muri Aziya no mu birwa bya Karayibe na Pasifika) ubutegetsi bwabuzanyije umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova n’ibitabo byabo. Kimwe muri ibyo bihugu ni Ositaraliya. Iteka ryo kuwa 17 Mutarama 1941 ryashyizweho umukono na Guverineri mukuru ryavugaga ko amategeko atemerera Abahamya ba Yehova guteranira hamwe, gutanga ibitabo byabo ndetse no kubitunga. Amategeko yabemereraga gutanga ikirego mu rukiko bamagana iryo tangazo kandi bahise babikora. Ariko nyuma y’imyaka irenga ibiri ni bwo umucamanza Starke wo mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga yatangaje ko amabwiriza yashingiweho baca iteka ribuzanya umurimo w’Abahamya “adafite ishingiro, adashyize mu gaciro kandi ko akandamiza.” Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasheshe iryo teka. Ariko se hagati aho Abahamya ba Yehova bakoraga iki?

Biganye intumwa za Yesu Kristo, ‘bumvira Imana yo mutegetsi aho kumvira abantu’ (Ibyak 4:19, 20; 5:29). Bakomeje kubwiriza. Nubwo bahuye n’inzitizi nyinshi, bateguye ikoraniro ryari kubera i Hargrave Park hafi ya Sydney, ku itariki ya 25-29 Ukuboza 1941. Leta yanze ko bamwe mu bajyaga mu ikoraniro bakoresha gari ya moshi, maze Abahamya bo mu Burengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya bashyira moteri zakoreshwaga na nyiramugengeri ku modoka zabo, batangira urugendo rw’iminsi 14 rwo kwambukiranya igihugu, rwari rukubiyemo icyumweru cyose bambukiranya ikibaya giteje akaga cya Nullarbor. Bahageze nta kibazo bahuye na cyo maze bakurikira porogaramu bari kumwe n’abandi Bahamya bagera ku bihumbi bitandatu. Mu mwaka wakurikiyeho habaye irindi koraniro, ariko icyo gihe bwo bigabanyamo amatsinda mato 150 mu migi ikomeye irindwi yo hirya no hino mu gihugu, abatanga disikuru bakajya bazenguruka hose bazitanga.

Ibintu bimaze kuba bibi mu Burayi mu mwaka wa 1939, bamwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova b’abapayiniya bagiye gukorera umurimo mu bindi bihugu. (Gereranya na Matayo 10:23; Ibyakozwe 8:4.) Abapayiniya batatu b’Abadage bakoreraga umurimo mu Busuwisi boherejwe i Shanghai, mu Bushinwa. Abandi bagiye muri Amerika y’Epfo. Mu boherejwe muri Burezili harimo Otto Estelmann wasuraga amatorero yo muri Cekosilovakiya akayafasha, na Erich Kattner wari warakoze ku biro by’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society i Prague. Inshingano yabo nshya ntiyari yoroshye. Basanze Abahamya bo mu turere tumwe na tumwe twakorerwagamo imirimo y’ubuhinzi, babyuka kare bakabwiriza bakageza saa moya za mu gitondo, hanyuma bakongera kubwiriza nimugoroba. Umuvandimwe Kattner yibuka ko iyo yabaga ava mu karere kamwe ajya mu kandi, akenshi yararaga hanze akisegura isakoshi yatwaragamo ibitabo.—Gereranya na Matayo 8:20.

Umuvandimwe Estelmann na Kattner bombi bari barahizwe bukware n’abamaneko b’Abanazi mu Burayi. Ese kuba barimukiye muri Burezili byababujije gutotezwa? Reka da! Ahubwo nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa, bamaze igihe kirekire barafungishijwe ijisho biturutse ku bategetsi uko bigaragara bakoranaga n’Abanazi. Nanone abayobozi ba Kiliziya Gatolika barabarwanyaga cyane, ariko Abahamya bakomeje umurimo Imana yabahaye. Bakomeje kugera mu migi n’imidugudu yo muri Burezili yari itarabwirizwamo ubutumwa bw’Ubwami.

Iyo dusuzumye uko ibintu byari byifashe hirya no hino ku isi tubona ko mu bihugu byinshi byabagamo Abahamya ba Yehova mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, leta z’ibyo bihugu zari zarashyizeho amategeko abambura ubuzima gatozi cyangwa abuzanya ibitabo byabo. Nubwo mu mwaka wa 1938 babwirizaga mu bihugu 117, mu myaka y’intambara (1939-1945), ibihugu bisaga 60 muri ibyo byashyizeho amategeko yabamburaga ubuzima gatozi cyangwa akabuzanya ibitabo byabo cyangwa bikirukana ababwiriza babo. No mu bihugu umurimo wabo utari ubuzanyijwe, bibasirwaga n’abantu biremye udutsiko kandi bagafungwa kenshi. Nubwo bahuye n’izo nzitizi zose, bakomeje kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza.

Abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi batangira kwigaragaza muri Amerika y’Epfo

Mu rwego rwo kwitegura umurimo wagombaga gukorwa nyuma y’intambara, muri Gashyantare 1943 igihe intambara yari irimbanyije, umuryango wa Watch Tower Society watangije Ishuri rya Gileyadi muri leta ya New York kugira ngo ritoze abamisiyonari bagombaga gukorera umurimo mu bihugu by’amahanga. Mbere y’uko uwo mwaka urangira, 12 muri abo bamisiyonari bari baratangiye gukorera muri Kiba. Iyo fasi yararumbukaga cyane.

Mu mwaka wa 1910, zimwe mu mbuto z’ukuri zari zarabibwe muri Kiba. C. T. Russell yari yarahatanze disikuru mu mwaka wa 1913. J. F. Rutherford yari yaratanze disikuru kuri radiyo i Havana mu mwaka wa 1932, kandi ibyari bikubiye muri iyo disikuru byahitishijwe kuri radiyo mu cyesipanyoli. Ariko ukwiyongera kwari guke. Muri icyo gihe hari umubare munini w’abantu batazi gusoma no kwandika kandi hari n’urwikekwe rwinshi rushingiye ku idini. Mu mizo ya mbere abantu bashimishijwe bari biganje mu bavugaga icyongereza bari baraturutse muri Jamayika no mu bindi bihugu. Mu mwaka wa 1936 muri Kiba hari ababwiriza b’Ubwami 40 gusa. Ariko nyuma yaho umurimo wo gutera imbuto z’ukuri k’Ubwami no kuzuhira watangiye kwera imbuto nyinshi.

Abanyakiba ba mbere babatijwe mu mwaka wa 1934, abandi na bo bakurikiraho. Guhera mu mwaka wa 1940, ibiganiro byanyuraga kuri radiyo buri munsi hamwe no kubwiriza mu muhanda bashize amanga byaje byiyongera ku murimo wo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu muri icyo gihugu. Na mbere y’uko abamisiyonari bize Ishuri rya Gileyadi bagera muri Kiba mu mwaka wa 1943, hari abantu bagera kuri 950 bari baremeye ubutumwa bwiza kandi babugezaga ku bandi, nubwo atari ko bose babwirizaga buri gihe. Abamisiyonari bamaze kugera muri Kiba, mu myaka ibiri yakurikiyeho Abahamya ba Yehova baho bariyongereye cyane, ku buryo mu mwaka wa 1945 bari bamaze kuba 1.894. Nubwo ababaye Abahamya ba Yehova hafi ya bose bari baravuye mu madini yigishaga ko abashyigikira idini mu budahemuka bose bazajya mu ijuru, benshi muri bo bari bashishikajwe n’ibyiringiro byo kuzabaho iteka ku isi izaba yahindutse paradizo (Intang 1:28; 2:15; Zab 37:9, 29; Ibyah 21:3, 4). Abagera kuri 1,4 ku ijana muri bo, ni bo bonyine bavugaga ko ari abavandimwe ba Kristo basutsweho umwuka.

Icyicaro gikuru cy’umuryango wa Watch Tower Society cyatanze ubufasha muri Amerika y’Epfo mu bundi buryo. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1944, N. H. Knorr, F. W. Franz, W. E. Van Amburgh na M. G. Henschel bamaze iminsi icumi muri Kiba bakomeza abavandimwe baho mu buryo bw’umwuka. Icyo gihe hari ikoraniro ryabereye i Havana, kandi abavandimwe batangarijwe ingamba zashyizweho kugira ngo umurimo wo kubwiriza uyoborwe neza. Nanone muri urwo rugendo umuvandimwe Knorr na Henschel bagiye gufasha Abahamya ba Yehova bo muri Kosita Rika, Gwatemala no muri Megizike.

Mu mwaka wa 1945 no mu wa 1946, N. H. Knorr na F. W. Franz bakoze ingendo zatumye bavugana n’Abahamya bo mu bihugu 24 byo mu karere gahera muri Megizike kakagera ku mpera ya Amerika y’Epfo no mu birwa bya Karayibe, kandi bakorana na bo. Bamaze amezi atanu muri ako karere, batanga ubufasha n’ubuyobozi babigiranye urukundo. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe bateranaga n’abantu bake gusa bashimishijwe. Kugira ngo habeho gahunda ihoraho y’amateraniro n’umurimo wo kubwiriza, bagize uruhare mu gutangiza amatorero ya mbere i Lima muri Peru n’i Caracas muri Venezuwela. Ahari hasanzwe habera amateraniro y’itorero bayifatanyagamo, kandi rimwe na rimwe bakabagira inama z’icyo bakora kugira ngo amateraniro arusheho kubagirira akamaro mu murimo wo kubwiriza.

Aho byashobokaga, batangaga disikuru z’abantu bose zishingiye kuri Bibiliya. Abahamya bamamazaga cyane izo disikuru bakoresheje ibyapa bambaraga n’impapuro z’itumira batangaga mu muhanda. Ibyo byatumye Abahamya 394 bo muri Burezili bishimira kwakira abantu 765 mu ikoraniro ryabo ryabereye i São Paulo. Muri Shili hari ababwiriza b’Ubwami 83 gusa, ariko abantu 340 baje kumva disikuru yihariye yari yaramamajwe cyane. Abahamya 253 bo muri Kosita Rika bishimiye kwakira abantu 849 mu makoraniro abiri bagize. Ibyo bihe byatumye abavandimwe babona uburyo bwo gusabana.

Icyakora intego ntiyari iyo kugira amakoraniro atazibagirana gusa. Muri izo ngendo abari bahagarariye icyicaro gikuru bibanze cyane ku kamaro ko gusubira gusura abantu bagaragaje ko bashimishijwe bakabigisha Bibiliya, kuko abantu bakeneye kwigishwa Ijambo ry’Imana buri gihe kugira ngo bahinduke abigishwa nyakuri. Ibyo byatumye umubare w’abigishwaga Bibiliya wiyongera cyane muri ako karere.

Mu gihe umuvandimwe Knorr n’umuvandimwe Franz bakoraga izo ngendo, abamisiyonari benshi bize Ishuri rya Gileyadi na bo bagendaga bagera mu mafasi yabo. Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1944, bamwe bakoreraga muri Kosita Rika, Megizike no muri Poruto Riko. Mu mwaka wa 1945, abandi bamisiyonari bagize uruhare mu gushyira kuri gahunda umurimo wo kubwiriza muri Barubade, Burezili, Belize (icyo gihe yitwaga Hondurasi y’Abongereza), muri Shili, Kolombiya, Saluvadoru, Gwatemala, Hayiti, Jamayika, Nikaragwa, Panama no muri Uruguay. Igihe abamisiyonari babiri ba mbere bageraga muri République Dominicaine mu mwaka wa 1945, ni bo Bahamya bonyine bari muri icyo gihugu. Umurimo w’abo bamisiyonari ba mbere wahise wera imbuto. Trinidad Paniagua yavuze ibyerekeye abamisiyonari ba mbere boherejwe muri Gwatemala agira ati “iki ni cyo twari dukeneye rwose: twari dukeneye abigisha b’Ijambo ry’Imana badufasha gusobanukirwa uko twaryifashisha dukora umurimo.”

Nguko uko urufatiro rwashyizweho kugira ngo umurimo uzaguke muri ako karere. Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1945, mu birwa bya Karayibe hari ababwiriza b’Ubwami 3.394. Muri Megizike, hari 3.276, muri Amerika yo Hagati hari 404, naho muri Amerika y’Epfo hari 1.042. Ibyo bigaragaza ko mu myaka irindwi yabanje, mu gihe cyaranzwe n’imvururu zikaze mu mateka y’abantu, muri icyo gice cy’isi habaye ukwiyongera kwa 386 ku ijana. Ariko iyo yari intangiriro gusa kuko mu myaka yakurikiyeho habaye ukwiyongera guhambaye. Bibiliya yari yarahanuye ko “imbaga y’abantu benshi. . . bakomoka mu mahanga yose no mu miryango yose no mu moko yose n’indimi zose” bari gukorakoranywa bagasenga Yehova mbere y’uko mubabaro ukomeye utangira.—Ibyah 7:9, 10, 14.

Igihe Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yatangiraga mu wa 1939, hari Abahamya ba Yehova 72.475 gusa babwirizaga mu bihugu 115 (ukurikije uko imipaka y’ibihugu yari iteye mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1990). Nubwo bahuye n’ibitotezo bikaze mu rwego rw’isi, intambara yagiye kurangira umubare wabo warikubye incuro zisaga ebyiri. Bityo, raporo yo mu mwaka wa 1945 yagaragaje ko Abahamya 156.299 bakoraga umurimo mu bihugu 107 byashoboye gutanga raporo. Icyakora icyo gihe, ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bwari bwarageze mu bihugu 163.

Ubuhamya bwatanzwe kuva mu mwaka wa 1936 kugeza mu wa 1945 mu by’ukuri bwari bushishikaje. Muri iyo myaka yaranzwe n’imivurungano yo mu isi, abo Bahamya barangwa n’ishyaka bamaze amasaha 212.069.285 batangariza isi yose ko Ubwami bw’Imana ari bwo bwonyine byiringiro by’abantu. Nanone batanze ibitabo, udutabo n’amagazeti 343.054.579 kugira ngo bafashe abantu gusobanukirwa impamvu zishingiye ku Byanditswe zatumaga bagira icyo cyizere. Kugira ngo bafashe abantu b’imitima itaryarya bari bashimishijwe, mu mwaka wa 1945 ugereranyije bigishije Bibiliya abantu bagera ku 104.814 ku buntu.

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 455]

Nubwo intambara yatumye bahunga, bakomeje kubwiriza

[Agasanduku/Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 451-453]

Ntibemeye kureka kubwiriza nubwo bari bafunzwe Abagaragajwe aha ni bake gusa mu bantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bababarijwe muri za gereza no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose bazira ukwizera kwabo

1. Adrian Thompson wo muri Nouvelle-Zélande. Yafungiwe muri Ositaraliya mu mwaka wa 1941; igihe Ositaraliya yabuzanyaga umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova, yasabye gusonerwa imirimo ya gisirikare barabyanga. Amaze gufungurwa, yasuraga amatorero, akayatera inkunga mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Yabaye umumisiyonari aba n’umugenzuzi usura amatorero wa mbere mu Buyapani nyuma y’intambara; yakomeje kubwiriza abigiranye ishyaka kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu wa  1976.

2. Alois Moser wo muri Otirishiya. Yafungiwe ahantu harindwi, muri gereza no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa. Mu mwaka wa 1992 afite imyaka 92, yari akiri Umuhamya urangwa n’ishyaka.

3. Franz Wohlfahrt wo muri Otirishiya. Ntiyacitse intege igihe se na murumuna we bicwaga. Yamaze imyaka itanu mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cy’i Rollwald mu Budage. Mu mwaka wa 1992 afite imyaka 70 yari akibwiriza.

4. Thomas Jones wo muri Kanada. Yafunzwe mu mwaka wa 1944, hanyuma afungirwa mu bigo bibiri byakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato. Mu mwaka wa 1977, igihe yari amaze imyaka 34 mu murimo w’igihe cyose, yabaye umwe mu bagize Komite y’Ibiro by’Ishami byagenzuraga umurimo wo kubwiriza muri Kanada hose.

5. Maria Hombach wo mu Budage. Yafashwe incuro nyinshi kandi yamaze imyaka itatu n’igice muri kasho ya wenyine. Yashyiraga ubuzima bwe mu kaga agashyira bagenzi be b’Abahamya ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya. Mu mwaka wa 1992 afite imyaka 90, yari umwe mu bagize umuryango wa Beteli akora mu budahemuka.

6. Max n’umuhungu we Konrad Franke bo mu Budage. Bombi bafunzwe incuro nyinshi, kandi bafungwa imyaka myinshi. (Umugore wa Konrad witwaga Gertrud na we yarafunzwe.) Bose bakomeje kuba abagaragu ba Yehova b’indahemuka barangwa n’ishyaka, kandi Konrad yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gusubukura umurimo wo kubwiriza mu Budage nyuma y’intambara.

7. A. Pryce Hughes wo mu Bwongereza. Yakatiwe incuro ebyiri afungirwa muri gereza ya Wormwood Scrubs i Londres; nanone yari yarafunzwe mu Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose azira imyizerere ye. Yakomeje gufata iya mbere mu murimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami mu Bwongereza kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1978.

8. Adolphe na Emma Arnold n’umukobwa wabo Simone bo mu Bufaransa. Adolphe amaze gufungwa, Emma na Simone bakomeje kubwiriza no kugeza ku bandi Bahamya ibitabo. Igihe Emma yari muri gereza, yashyizwe muri kasho ya wenyine azira ko yakomezaga kubwiriza izindi mfungwa. Simone yoherejwe mu kigo ngororamuco. Bose bakomeje kuba Abahamya barangwa n’ishyaka.

9. Ernst na Hildegard Seliger bo mu Budage. Bombi bamaze imyaka isaga 40 muri gereza no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa bazira ukwizera kwabo. N’igihe bari muri gereza bakomeje kugeza ku bandi ukuri ko muri Bibiliya. Bamaze gufungurwa, bakoresheje igihe cyabo cyose babwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Umuvandimwe Seliger yapfuye mu mwaka wa 1985 akiri umugaragu w’Imana w’indahemuka, naho mushiki wacu Seliger we apfa mu wa 1992.

10. Carl Johnson wo muri Amerika. Hashize imyaka ibiri abatijwe yafunganywe n’abandi Bahamya babarirwa mu magana muri gereza ya Ashland, muri Kentucky. Yabaye umupayiniya n’umugenzuzi usura amatorero, kandi mu mwaka wa 1992, yari akiri umusaza w’itorero, afata iya mbere mu murimo wo kubwiriza.

11. August Peters wo mu Budage. Yatandukanyijwe n’umugore we n’abana be bane, afungwa mu mwaka wa 1936-1937, yongera gufungwa mu wa 1937-1945. Amaze gufungurwa, ntiyacogoye mu murimo wo kubwiriza, ahubwo yakoze byinshi mu murimo w’igihe cyose. Mu mwaka wa 1992, ubwo yari afite imyaka 99 yari agikora kuri Beteli, kandi yari yariboneye ukuntu Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu Budage biyongereye bakagera ku 163.095.

12. Gertrud Ott wo mu Budage. Yafungiwe i Lodz muri Polonye, hanyuma afungirwa mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Auschwitz; nyuma yaho afungirwa i Gross-Rosen n’i Bergen-Belsen mu Budage. Nyuma y’intambara yabaye umumisiyonari urangwa n’ishyaka muri Indoneziya, Irani no muri Luxembourg.

13. Katsuo Miura wo mu Buyapani. Hashize imyaka irindwi afashwe agafungirwa mu mugi wa Hiroshima, igice kinini cya gereza yari afungiwemo cyasenywe n’igisasu cya kirimbuzi cyarimbuye uwo mugi. Icyakora abaganga basanze ibyuka bihumanya nta cyo byamutwaye. Yabaye umupayiniya kugeza igihe yapfiriye.

14. Martin na Gertrud Poetzinger bo mu Budage. Hashize amezi make bashakanye, barafashwe bamara imyaka icyenda baratandukanyijwe. Martin yafungiwe i Dachau n’i Mauthausen, naho Gertrud afungirwa i Ravensbrück. Icyakora ukwizera kwabo ntikwigeze gucogora nubwo bakorewe ibya mfura mbi. Bamaze gufungurwa, bakoresheje imbaragaza zabo zose mu murimo wa Yehova. Yamaze imyaka 29 ari umugenzuzi usura amatorero mu Budage, hanyuma aba umwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1988. Mu mwaka wa 1992, Gertrud yari akiri umubwiriza urangwa n’ishyaka.

15. Jizo na Matsue Ishii bo mu Buyapani. Bamaze imyaka igera ku icumi bakwirakwiza ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya mu Buyapani, hanyuma barafungwa. Nubwo umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova mu Buyapani wasaga n’uwahagaze mu ntambara, umuvandimwe na mushiki wacu Ishii bongeye kubwirizanya ishyaka nyuma y’intambara. Matsue Ishii yiboneye ukuntu Abahamya bo mu Buyapani biyongereye bagasaga 171.000 mu mwaka wa 1992.

16. Victor Bruch wo muri Luxembourg. Yafungiwe i Buchenwald, i Lublin, i Auschwitz n’i Ravensbrück. Igihe yari afite imyaka 90 yari akiri umusaza mu itorero ry’Abahamya ba Yehova.

17. Karl Schurstein wo mu Budage. Yari umugenzuzi usura amatorero mbere y’uko Hitileri afata ubutegetsi. Yafunzwe imyaka umunani, hanyuma abasirikare ba Hitileri bamwicira i Dachau mu mwaka wa 1944. N’igihe yari afunzwe yakomeje gutera abandi inkunga yo mu buryo bw’umwuka.

18. Kim Bong-nyu wo muri Koreya. Yafunzwe imyaka itandatu. Igihe yari afite imyaka 72 yari akibwira abandi iby’Ubwami bw’Imana.

19. Pamfil Albu wo muri Rumaniya. Amaze kugirirwa ibya mfura mbi, yoherejwe mu kigo cyakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato muri Yugosilaviya amarayo imyaka ibiri n’igice. Nyuma y’intambara yafunzwe izindi ncuro ebyiri, afungwa imyaka 12. Ntiyaretse kuvuga ibyerekeye umugambi w’Imana. Mbere y’uko apfa, yafashije abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bo muri Rumaniya gukorana n’umuryango w’Abahamya ba Yehova wo ku isi hose.

20. Wilhelm Scheider wo muri Polonye. Yafungiwe mu bigo by’Abanazi byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa (1939-1945), afungirwa muri gereza z’Abakomunisiti (1950-1956 no mu wa 1960-1964). Kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1971, yakomeje gukoresha imbaraga ze mu murimo wo gutangaza Ubwami bw’Imana.

21. Harald na Elsa Abt bo muri Polonye. Mu ntambara na nyuma yayo, Harald yamaze imyaka 14 muri gereza no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa azira ukwizera kwe, ariko yakomeje kubwiriza n’igihe yari afunzwe. Elsa yatandukanyijwe n’umukobwa wabo wari ukiri uruhinja, afungirwa mu bigo bitandatu byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa byo muri Polonye, mu Budage no muri Otirishiya. Nubwo na nyuma y’intambara umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova muri Polonye wamaze imyaka 40 warabuzanyijwe, bose bakomeje kuba abagaragu ba Yehova barangwa n’ishyaka.

22. Ádám Szinger wo muri Hongiriya. Yajyanywe mu nkiko incuro esheshatu, akatirwa imyaka 23, afungwamo imyaka 8 n’igice muri gereza no mu bigo byakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato. Amaze gufungurwa, yamaze imyaka 30 ari umugenzuzi usura amatorero. Igihe yari afite imyaka 69, yari akiri umusaza w’itorero w’indahemuka.

23. Joseph Dos Santos wo muri Filipine. Yamaze imyaka 12 ari umubwiriza w’Ubwami w’igihe cyose mbere y’uko afungwa mu mwaka wa 1942. Yagize uruhare mu gusubukura umurimo w’Abahamya ba Yehova muri Filipine, kandi yakomeje gukora umurimo w’ubupayiniya kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1983.

24. Rudolph Sunal wo muri Amerika. Yafungiwe muri gereza ya Mill Point muri West Virginia. Amaze gufungurwa yakoresheje igihe cye cyose afasha abandi kumenya Ubwami bw’Imana—aba umupayiniya, akora kuri Beteli aba n’umugenzuzi w’akarere. Mu mwaka wa 1992 afite imyaka 78 yari akiri umupayiniya.

25. Martin Magyarosi wo muri Rumaniya. Yafunzwe mu mwaka wa 1942-1944, akomeza kuyobora umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza muri Transylvania. Amaze gufungurwa, yakoze ingendo nyinshi atera Abahamya bagenzi be inkunga mu murimo wo kubwiriza, kandi na we yari Umuhamya udatinya. Yongeye gufungwa mu mwaka wa 1950, agwa mu kigo cyakorerwagamo imirimo y’agahato mu mwaka wa 1953, akiri umugaragu wa Yehova w’indahemuka.

26. R. Arthur Winkler, mu Budage no mu Buholandi. Yabanje koherezwa mu kigo cyakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa cya Esterwegen, akomeza kubwiriza muri icyo kigo. Nyuma yaho igihe yari mu Buholandi, abapolisi b’Abanazi baramukubise ku buryo wamurebaga ukamuyoberwa. Amaherezo yaje koherezwa mu kigo cya Sachsenhausen. Yakomeje kuba Umuhamya w’indahemuka urangwa n’ishyaka kugeza igihe yapfiriye mu mwaka wa 1972.

27. Park Ock-hi wo muri Koreya. Yamaze imyaka itatu muri gereza ya Sodaemun i Seoul, kandi yababajwe urubozo mu buryo butavugwa. Mu mwaka wa 1992, ubwo yari afite imyaka 91, yari akiri umupayiniya wa bwite abwirizanya ishyaka.

[Ikarita/Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 446]

Igihe Alexander MacGillivray yari umugenzuzi w’ishami ryo muri Ositaraliya, yagize uruhare mu gutegura ingendo zo kubwiriza mu bihugu byinshi no mu birwa byinshi

[Ikarita]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gitabo)

OSITARALIYA

NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE

TAHITI

TONGA

FIJI

NOUVELLE-GUINÉE

JAVA

BORNÉO

SUMATRA

BIRIMANIYA

HONG KONG

MALEZIYA

SIAM

INDOCHINE

U BUSHINWA

INYANJA YA PASIFIKA

Amazina y’ibihugu ni yo yakoreshwaga mu myaka ya 1930

[Ikarita/Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 460]

Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1945, abamisiyonari bize ishuri rya Gileyadi bari baratangije umurimo mu bihugu 18 byo muri aka karere k’isi

Charles na Lorene Eisenhower

Kiba

John na Adda Parker

Gwatemala

Emil Van Daalen

Poruto Riko

Olaf Olson

Kolombiya

Don Burt

Kosita Rika

Gladys Wilson

Saluvadoru

Hazel Burford

Panama

Louise Stubbs

Shili

[Ikarita]

(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gitabo)

BARUBADE

BELIZE

BOLIVIYA

BUREZILI

SHILI

KOLOMBIYA

KOSITA RIKA

KIBA

RÉP. DOMINICAINE

SALUVADORU

GWATEMALA

HAYITI

JAMAYIKA

MEGIZIKE

NIKARAGWA

PANAMA

PORUTO RIKO

URUGUAY

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 444]

Hari abakoruporuteri batanze amakarito menshi y’ibitabo; muri buri gitabo ba nyir’inzu babonagamo inyigisho zishingiye kuri Bibiliya

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 445]

Armando Menazzi (hagati imbere) na bagenzi be bishimye bajyanaga na we mu rugendo rwo kubwiriza, bari imbere y“inzu yimukanwa babagamo bakora umurimo w’ubupayiniya”

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 445]

Arthur Willis, Ted Sewell na Bill Newlands—abo uko ari batatu bagejeje ubutumwa bw’Ubwami mu byaro byo muri Ositaraliya

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 447]

Frank Dewar (aha ari kumwe n’umugore we n’abakobwa babo babiri) yagiye gukorera umurimo w’ubupayiniya muri Tayilande ari wenyine mu mwaka wa 1936, kandi mu wa 1992 yari akiri umupayiniya

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 447]

Chomchai Inthaphan yakoresheje ubuhanga bwe mu buhinduzi kugira ngo ubutumwa bwiza bwo muri Bibiliya bubwirizwe Abanyatayilande

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 448]

Mu mwaka wa 1937 Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu Budage batanze kopi nyinshi z’ibaruwa ifunguye, nubwo leta yari yarabuzanyije umurimo wabo

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 449]

Abagize umuryango wa Franz na Hilda Kusserow, bose bakaba bari Abahamya ba Yehova bizerwa, bose (uretse umuhungu umwe waguye mu mpanuka) bafungiwe mu bigo bikoranyirizwamo imfungwa, muri za gereza cyangwa mu bigo ngororamuco bazira ukwizera kwabo

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 450]

Hari bamwe bo muri Otirishiya no mu Budage bashyiraga ubuzima bwabo mu kaga bagakoporora cyangwa bagatanga inyandiko z’agaciro zishingiye kuri Bibiliya, urugero nk’iyi yagaragajwe inyuma

Therese Schreiber

Peter Gölles

Elfriede Löhr

Albert Wandres

August Kraft

Ilse Unterdörfer

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 454]

Abahamya bari mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Shanghai mu Bushinwa, mu mwaka wa 1936; icyenda muri bo babatijwe icyo gihe

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 456]

Aba Bahamya bagize ikoraniro i Hargrave Park, hafi y’i Sydney muri Ositaraliya mu wa 1941, nubwo umurimo wabo wari warabuzanyijwe

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 458]

Abahamya bo muri Kiba bagize ikoraniro i Cienfuegos mu wa 1939

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 459]

N. H. Knorr (ibumoso) mu ikoraniro ryabereye i São Paulo mu mwaka wa 1945, ari kumwe na Erich Kattner wamusemuriraga