Umuhanuzi wahanuye “mu minsi ya nyuma”

1, 2. (a) Ni irihe yerekwa Yeremiya yabonye, ari na ryo ubuhanuzi bwe bushingiyeho? (b) Kuki wagombye gushishikazwa n’ubutumwa bwa Yeremiya?

IMANA yabajije umuhanuzi Yeremiya wari ugitangira umurimo wo guhanura iti “urabona iki?” Yarayishubije ati “nduzi inkono ibira itwerekejeho urugara” iri mu majyaruguru (Yer 1:13, Bibiliya Yera). Ibyo yeretswe, byari umusogongero w’uko ubutumwa yari gutangaza bwari kuzaba bumeze. (Soma muri Yeremiya 1:14-16.) Impamvu iyo nkono y’ikigereranyo yabiraga cyangwa yahungizwaga, kwari ukugira ngo umuriro yari iteretseho urusheho kugurumana. Muri ubwo buhanuzi, Yehova yashakaga kuvuga ko kubera ubuhemu bwari bwiganje muri icyo gihugu cy’u Buyuda, ibyago byari kucyisukaho bimeze nk’amahindure agurumana avuye muri iyo nkono. Utekereza ko ari ukubera iki iyo nkono yari ‘iberekejeho urugara’ iri mu majyaruguru? Byasobanuraga ko ibyago byari kuzaturuka mu majyaruguru, kuko Babuloni yari kuzatera iturutse muri icyo cyerekezo. Kandi koko ni ko byagenze. Mu myaka myinshi Yeremiya yamaze ari umuhanuzi, yiboneye ukuntu Yehova yagiye asuka ibintu bimeze nk’amahindure byo muri iyo nkono, akabisuka ku gihugu cy’u Buyuda mu buryo bwikurikiranya, kugeza aho Yerusalemu yarimburiwe.

² Nubwo Babuloni itakiriho, ufite impamvu zo gushishikazwa n’ubutumwa bukubiye mu buhanuzi bwa Yeremiya. Kubera iki? Ni ukubera ko ubu tugeze mu “minsi ya nyuma” aho benshi biyita Abakristo, nyamara Imana itabemera bo n’amadini yabo (Yer 23:20). Ariko kimwe na Yeremiya, wowe n’Abahamya bagenzi bawe ntimutangaza gusa urubanza rw’Imana, ahubwo nanone mutangaza ubutumwa butanga ibyiringiro.

3. (a) Ibivugwa mu gitabo cya Yeremiya bikurikirana bite? (b) Igice cya 2 cy’iki gitabo kigamije kutwigisha iki?

³ Uko bigaragara, mu mpera z’umurimo Yeremiya yakoze wo guhanura, ni bwo yabwiye umwanditsi we ngo yandike ibikubiye muri iki gitabo. Ntiyagiye abyandika bikimara kuba (Yer 25:1-3; 36:1, 4, 32). Iki gitabo ntikibara inkuru gikurikiranya ibintu uko byagiye biba, ahubwo Yeremiya yagiye ashyira hamwe inkuru akurikije icyo zerekezaho. Byaba byiza ubanje gusobanukirwa muri make igihe ibintu bivugwa mu gitabo cya Yeremiya n’icy’Amaganya byabereye, ndetse n’uburyo byagiye bikurikirana. Birebe mu mbonerahamwe iri ku ipaji ya 19. Kumenya umwami wategekaga u Buyuda mu gihe runaka, ndetse no kumenya ibintu byaberaga mu Buyuda no mu bihugu byari bihakikije muri icyo gihe, bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibyo Yeremiya yavuze n’impamvu yabivuze. Uzaba witeguye gusobanukirwa ubutumwa Imana yahaye ubwoko bwayo binyuze kuri Yeremiya.

UKO IBINTU BYARI BYIFASHE MU GIHE CYA YEREMIYA

4-6. Imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo mbere y’uko Yeremiya atangira guhanura, ubwoko bw’Imana bwa kera bwari mu yihe mimerere?

⁴ Yeremiya yahanuye mu bihe bitoroshye. Icyo gihe ibihugu bya Ashuri, Babuloni na Egiputa byari bihanganye. Abashuri batsinze ubwami bwa Isirayeli bwo mu majyaruguru bwari bugizwe n’imiryango icumi, bajyana abenshi mu baturage baho mu bunyage. Hari hasigaye imyaka igera kuri 93 kugira ngo Yeremiya atangire guhanura. Icyo gihe, Yehova yarinze Yerusalemu na Hezekiya wari umwami w’indahemuka, abarinda igitero cy’Abashuri. Ushobora kuba wibuka uko Imana yishe mu buryo bw’igitangaza abantu 185.000 mu ngabo z’abanzi (2 Abami 19:32-36). Umwe mu bahungu ba Hezekiya yitwaga Manase. Yeremiya ashobora kuba yaravutse mu mwaka wa 55 w’ingoma ya Manase, igihe u Buyuda bwongeraga gukoronizwa n’Abashuri.—2 Ngoma 33:10, 11.

⁵ Yeremiya yanditse ibitabo bibiri, Igitabo cya 1 cy’Abami n’icya 2. Mu gitabo cya 2 cy’Abami havuga ko Manase yongeye kubaka utununga se yari yarashenye. Manase yubakiye ibicaniro Bayali n’ingabo zo mu kirere, ndetse abyubaka no mu rusengero rwa Yehova. Nanone Manase yamennye amaraso atagira ingano y’inzirakarengane, agera n’aho atamba umwana we ho igitambo gikongorwa n’umuriro amutambira ikigirwamana. Muri make, “yakoze ibibi bikabije mu maso ya Yehova.” Bitewe n’ibyo bibi byose, Imana yaciye iteka ry’uko amakuba yari kuzagera kuri Yerusalemu n’u Buyuda, nk’uko byari byaragendekeye Samariya na Isirayeli (2 Abami 21:1-6, 12-16). Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Manase, umuhungu we Amoni yakomeje ibikorwa bya se byo gusenga ibigirwamana, ariko ibintu ntibyatinze guhinduka. Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri, mu mwaka wa 659 M.Y., Amoni yarishwe maze umuhungu we Yosiya yima ingoma afite imyaka umunani.

⁶ Mu mwaka wa 31 w’ingoma ya Yosiya, Babuloni yatangiye kurusha imbaraga Ashuri. Yosiya yabonye ko uburyo bwari bubonetse kugira ngo u Buyuda bwigobotore ingoyi y’ubutegetsi bw’Abashuri. Yosiya yari atandukanye na se ndetse na sekuru, kuko we yakoreye Yehova mu budahemuka kandi avugurura byinshi muri gahunda yo kuyoboka Imana (2 Abami 21:19–22:2). Mu mwaka wa 12 w’ingoma ye, Yosiya yashenye utununga, inkingi zera z’ibiti n’ibishushanyo by’ibigirwamana byari mu bwami bwe hose, nyuma yaho ategeka ko basana urusengero rwa Yehova. (Soma mu 2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 34:1-8.) Birashishikaje kumenya ko Yeremiya yahawe inshingano yo guhanura mu mwaka wa 13 w’ingoma ya Yosiya (647 M.Y.).

7, 8. (a) Ingoma y’Umwami Yosiya yari itandukaniye he n’iya Manase n’iya Amoni? (b) Yosiya yari muntu ki? (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 20.)

⁷ Mu gihe cyo gusana urusengero mu mwaka wa 18 w’ingoma y’umwami mwiza Yosiya, umutambyi mukuru yabonye “cya gitabo cy’amategeko.” Umwami yasabye umwanditsi we kukimusomera. Yosiya yabonye ko ubwoko bwe bwari bwarakoze amakosa, abaza umuhanuzikazi Hulida ngo amumenyeshe icyo Yehova yashakaga ko bakora, maze ashishikariza abaturage be kugendera ku mategeko y’Imana. Hulida yabwiye Yosiya ko Yehova yari “guteza ibyago” Abayuda abaziza ibikorwa byabo by’ubuhemu. Icyakora, kubera ibyiza Yosiya yari yarakoze aharanira gahunda yo gusenga Imana mu buryo yemera, ibyo byago byari kuzaza atakiriho.—2 Abami 22:8, 14-20.

⁸ Umwami Yosiya yarushijeho kugira umwete, ashaka gutsemba ibintu byose byari bifitanye isano no gusenga ibigirwamana. Ibyo byatumye ajya no mu gihugu cyahoze ari icy’ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bw’imiryango icumi ya Isirayeli, asenya akanunga n’igicaniro byari i Beteli. Yateguye n’umuhango w’akataraboneka wo kwizihiza Pasika (2 Abami 23:4-25). Tekereza ukuntu ibyo bishobora kuba byarashimishije Yeremiya. Icyakora, gutuma abantu bahindura imitima byo byaragoranye. Manase na Amoni bari baratumye abaturage bishora mu bikorwa byo gusenga ibigirwamana mu buryo buteye ishozi, ku buryo wasangaga badashishikariye gusenga Imana mu buryo yemera. Nubwo Yosiya yahinduye ibintu byinshi, Imana yaramubwiye ngo atangaze ko imana z’Abayuda zanganyaga ubwinshi n’imigi yabo. Abaturage bo mu gihugu Yeremiya yabagamo bari bameze nk’umugore wataye umugabo we. Bari barataye Yehova, bakajya basambana n’imana z’amahanga. Yeremiya yaravuze ati “uko imihanda y’i Yerusalemu ingana ni ko n’ibicaniro mwashyizeho ibiteye isoni bingana, ibicaniro byo koserezaho Bayali ibitambo.’”—Soma muri Yeremiya 11:1-3, 13.

9. Ni ibihe bintu byabereye mu mahanga yari akikije u Buyuda, byaranze imyaka ya nyuma y’ingoma ya Yosiya?

⁹ Ubwo butumwa bwa Yeremiya nta cyo bwahinduye ku Bayahudi, kandi nta cyo bwahinduye ku mahanga yari abakikije kuko yakomezaga kumaranira kuba ibihangange muri ako karere. Mu mwaka wa 632 M.Y., ingabo zishyize hamwe z’Abanyababuloni n’Abamedi zigaruriye Nineve, umurwa mukuru wa Ashuri. Hashize imyaka itatu, Farawo Neko, umwami wa Egiputa, yazamukanye n’ingabo ze ajya mu majyaruguru agiye gutera ingabo mu bitugu Abashuri bari bagoswe. Bitewe n’impamvu zitavuzwe muri Bibiliya, Yosiya yagerageje gukoma imbere ingabo z’Abanyegiputa azisanze i Megido, ariko arahakomerekera cyane akurizamo no gupfa (2 Ngoma 35:20-24). Ese ibyo bintu bibabaje byari guhindura iki mu Buyuda, mu rwego rwa politiki no mu rwego rw’idini? Ni izihe ngorane zindi Yeremiya yari agiye guhangana na zo?

IHINDUKA RYO MU RWEGO RW’IDINI

10. (a) Ni iki ibihe byakurikiye urupfu rwa Yosiya, bihuriyeho n’ibihe turimo? (b) Gusuzuma uburyo Yeremiya yitwaye mu bigeragezo bishobora kutwigisha iki?

¹⁰ Tekereza uko Yeremiya yumvise ameze akimara kumva iby’urupfu rwa Yosiya. Intimba yagize yatumye amuririmbira indirimbo y’agahinda (2 Ngoma 35:25). Icyo gihe abaturage bo mu Buyuda bari bahangayitse kandi impagarara zari mu mahanga yari abakikije zatumye barushaho kugira impungenge. Egiputa, Ashuri na Babuloni byarwaniraga kwigarurira ako karere. Nanone kubera ko Yosiya yari amaze gupfa, hari ibintu byahindutse mu rwego rw’idini. Ubwami bwatumaga Yeremiya asohoza neza umurimo we bwari buvuyeho, hagiye gutangira ubwami bwamurwanyaga. Muri iki gihe, hari abavandimwe benshi bahuye n’ibintu bisa n’ibyabaye kuri Yeremiya, bakaba bari basanzwe basa n’abafite umudendezo wo gukorera Imana, ariko ubutegetsi bwahinduka bagatotezwa kandi bakabuzwa kubwiriza. Nta wamenya, hari igihe abenshi muri twe bahura n’ingorane nk’izo mu gihe kiri imbere! Ese byagenda bite biramutse bitubayeho? Twakora iki kugira ngo dukomeze kuba indahemuka? Mu gihe tukizirikana ibyo bibazo, byaba byiza dusuzumye ibigeragezo Yeremiya yahanganye na byo kandi akabitsinda.

11. Ni ibihe bintu byabaye mu Buyuda nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yosiya?

¹¹ Abaturage b’u Buyuda bafashe Yehowahazi umuhungu wa Yosiya, baramwimika asimbura se ku ngoma i Yerusalemu. Yehowahazi, nanone uzwi ku izina rya Shalumu, yamaze amezi atatu gusa ku ngoma. Farawo Neko agarutse avuye kurwana n’Abanyababuloni, yakuye uwo mwami mushya ku ngoma, amujyana muri Egiputa kandi Yeremiya yavuze ko Yehowahazi atari ‘kuzagaruka ukundi’ (Yer 22:10-12; 2 Ngoma 36:1-4). Farawo Neko yimitse undi muhungu wa Yosiya witwaga Yehoyakimu. Icyakora Yehoyakimu ntiyakoze ibyiza nk’uko se yabigenje. Aho kugira ngo akomereze aho se yari agereje akura ibigirwamana mu gihugu, ni we watangiye gukorera ibigirwamana.—Soma mu 2 Abami 23:36, 37.

12, 13. (a) Mu ntangiriro z’ingoma ya Yehoyakimu, ibintu byari byifashe bite mu rwego rw’idini? (b) Abayobozi b’idini b’Abayahudi bakoreye iki Yeremiya?

¹² Mu ntangiriro z’ingoma ya Yehoyakimu, Yehova yabwiye Yeremiya ngo ajye mu rusengero maze acireho iteka Abayuda ku mugaragaro bitewe n’ibikorwa byabo bibi. Bibwiraga ko kuba bari bafite urusengero rwa Yehova ubwabyo byari kubarinda. Nyamara iyo batareka “kwiba no kwica no gusambana no kurahira ibinyoma no kosereza Bayali ibitambo no gukurikira izindi mana,” Yehova yari kureka urusengero rwe rukarimbuka. Ibyo ni na byo yari gukorera indyarya zarusengeragamo, nk’uko yaretse ihema ry’ibonaniro ryari i Shilo mu gihe cy’Umutambyi Mukuru Eli. Igihugu cy’u Buyuda cyari ‘guhinduka amatongo gusa’ (Yer 7:1-15, 34; 26:1-6).a Tekereza uburyo Yeremiya yasabwaga kugira ubutwari ngo atangaze ubwo butumwa. Ashobora kuba yarabutangarije mu ruhame, imbere y’abantu bakomeye kandi bafite ububasha. Muri iki gihe, bamwe mu bavandimwe na bashiki bacu na bo byabasabye kugira ubutwari kugira ngo babwirize mu mihanda cyangwa babwirize abantu bakomeye cyangwa b’abakire. Icyakora, twiringiye tudashidikanya ko Imana izadushyigikira, nk’uko yashyigikiye Yeremiya.—Heb 10:39; 13:6.

¹³ None se urebye uburyo ibintu byari byifashe mu rwego rwa politiki no mu rwego rw’idini, wumva abayobozi b’idini bari kwakira bate ubutumwa bwa Yeremiya? Nk’uko uwo muhanuzi ubwe abyivugira, ‘abatambyi n’abahanuzi na rubanda rwose baramufashe maze baramubwira bati “urapfa nta kabuza!”’ Kubera ko bari bariye karungu, baravuze bati “uyu muntu akwiriye gucirwa urwo gupfa.” (Soma muri Yeremiya 26:8-11.) Icyakora, abanzi ba Yeremiya ntibashoboye kumwica. Yehova yabaye hafi y’umuhanuzi we, aramurokora. Yeremiya ntiyigeze agira ubwoba, nubwo abamwangaga bari benshi kandi bakaba baramushyiragaho iterabwoba. Nawe ntiwagombye kugira ubwoba.

“WANDIKE . . . AMAGAMBO YOSE”

14, 15. (a) Ni uwuhe murimo Yeremiya n’umwanditsi we Baruki batangiye gukora mu mwaka wa kane w’ingoma ya Yehoyakimu? (b) Yehoyakimu yari muntu ki? (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 25.)

¹⁴ Mu mwaka wa kane w’ingoma ya Yehoyakimu, Yehova yategetse Yeremiya kwandika amagambo yose yagiye amubwira kuva ku ngoma ya Yosiya. Yeremiya yabwiye umwanditsi we Baruki, ibyo Imana yamubwiye byose mu myaka 23 yari ishize. Ubutumwa bwe bw’urubanza bwarebaga abami n’ubwami bigera kuri 20. Yeremiya yategetse Baruki gusoma uwo muzingo mu ijwi riranguruye, akawusomera mu nzu ya Yehova. Kuki yabimutegetse? Yehova yaravuze ati “ahari wenda ab’inzu ya Yuda bazumva ibyago byose ntekereza kubateza, bitume bahindukira umuntu wese areke inzira ye mbi, nanjye mbababarire amakosa yabo n’ibyaha byabo.”—Yer 25:1-3; 36:1-3.

¹⁵ Igihe umutware wo mu rugo rw’umwami yasomeraga Yehoyakimu uwo muzingo, Yehoyakimu yahise awucagagura arawutwika. Yahise ategeka ko bazana Yeremiya na Baruki imbere ye, “ariko Yehova akomeza kubahisha.” (Soma muri Yeremiya 36:21-26.) Kubera ko Yehoyakimu yakoraga ibintu bibi cyane, Yehova, abinyujije ku muhanuzi we, yavuze ko uwo mwami yari ‘kuzahambwa nk’uko indogobe zihambwa, bakamukurubana maze bakamujugunya hanze y’amarembo ya Yerusalemu’ (Yer 22:13-19). Ese utekereza ko muri ubwo buhanuzi, Yeremiya yaba yarongeyemo amakabyankuru?

16. Ni ubuhe butumwa buhumuriza Yeremiya yatangaje?

¹⁶ Nubwo Yeremiya yagombaga gutangaza ubutumwa bw’urubanza, ntiyahanuraga ibibi gusa. Nanone yatangazaga ubutumwa butanga ibyiringiro. Yehova yari kurokora Abisirayeli basigaye akabakiza abanzi babo maze akabasubiza mu gihugu cyabo, aho bari kuzatura bafite umutekano. Imana yari kuzagirana n’ubwoko bwayo “isezerano” rishya kandi “rihoraho iteka ryose,” ikandika amategeko yayo mu mitima yabo. Yari kuzabababarira amakosa yabo kandi ibyaha byabo ntiyongere kubyibuka ukundi. Nanone kandi, umuntu ukomoka kuri Dawidi yari ‘kuzasohoza ubutabera no gukiranuka mu gihugu’ (Yer 31:7-9; 32:37-41; 33:15). Ubwo buhanuzi bwari kuzagira isohozwa mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, n’ibarirwa mu magana yari kuzakurikiraho. Bwari no kuzagira isohozwa ritureba muri iki gihe kandi rishobora kuduha ibyiringiro byo kuzabona ubuzima bw’iteka. Icyakora muri icyo gihe cya Yeremiya, abanzi b’igihugu cy’u Buyuda bakomezaga kurwanira kuhategeka.—Soma muri Yeremiya 31:31, 33, 34; Abaheburayo 8:7-9; 10:14-18.

UKO BABULONI YABAYE IGIHANGANGE

17, 18. Ni ibihe bintu bidasanzwe byabaye mu myaka ya nyuma y’ingoma ya Yehoyakimu n’ingoma ya Sedekiya?

¹⁷ Mu mwaka wa 625 M.Y., Abanyababuloni barwaniye n’Abanyegiputa i Karikemishi hafi y’uruzi rwa Ufurate, ku birometero hafi 600 uvuye i Yerusalemu, mu rugamba rwahinduye amateka. Umwami Nebukadinezari yakubise incuro ingabo za Farawo Neko, Egiputa ntiyongera kugira ijambo muri ako karere (Yer 46:2). Nebukadinezari ni we wari usigaye ategeka u Buyuda, bituma Yehoyakimu ahinduka umugaragu we. Ariko Yehoyakimu amaze imyaka itatu yarayobotse Nebukadinezari, yarigometse (2 Abami 24:1, 2). Nebukadinezari yahise ahagurukana n’ingabo ze atera u Buyuda mu mwaka wa 618 M.Y., agota Yerusalemu. Gerageza kwiyumvisha ukuntu ibyo byari ibihe biteye ubwoba, yewe no ku muhanuzi w’Imana Yeremiya. Birashoboka ko Yehoyakimu yapfuye igihe uwo mugi wari ukigoswe.b Umuhungu we Yehoyakini yishyize mu maboko y’Abanyababuloni, amaze amezi atatu gusa ku ngoma. Nebukadinezari yasahuye ibintu byose by’agaciro byari i Yerusalemu, ajyana mu bunyage Yehoyakini, abo mu muryango w’ibwami, abanyacyubahiro b’i Buyuda, abagabo b’abanyambaraga bo mu gihugu n’abanyabugeni bose. Muri abo bajyanywe mu bunyage harimo Daniyeli, Hananiya, Mishayeli na Azariya.—2 Abami 24:10-16; Dan 1:1-7.

¹⁸ Nebukadinezari yimitse undi muhungu wa Yosiya witwaga Sedekiya, aba umwami w’u Buyuda. Uwo ni we wabaye umwami wa nyuma mu bami bakomotse kuri Dawidi bategetse ku isi. Ingoma ye yarangiye mu mwaka wa 607 M.Y., igihe Yerusalemu n’urusengero rwayo byarimburwaga (2 Abami 24:17). Imyaka 11 Sedekiya yamaze ku ngoma, yaranzwe n’imivurungano mu baturage b’i Buyuda n’ubushyamirane mu bya politiki. Biragaragara ko Yeremiya yagombaga kwiringira byimazeyo Imana yari yaramuhaye inshingano yo guhanura.

19. Abantu bo mu gihe cya Yeremiya bitabiriye bate ubutumwa yabagezagaho, kandi se kuki ibyo byagombye kugushishikaza?

¹⁹ Ishyire mu mwanya wa Yeremiya. Kuva mu gihe cya Yosiya, yagiye abona imivurungano ishingiye kuri politiki kandi abona ukuntu ubwoko bw’Imana bwagiye buyitera umugongo. Icyakora, yari azi ko ibintu byari kuzarushaho kuba bibi. Abantu bari batuye mu gace yabagamo baramubwiye bati “ntugahanure mu izina rya Yehova tutazakwica” (Yer 11:21). Ndetse n’igihe ubuhanuzi bwe bwasohoraga, Abayahudi baramubwiye bati “ku birebana n’ijambo watubwiye mu izina rya Yehova, ntituzakumvira” (Yer 44:16). Nyamara ubuzima bw’abantu bwari mu kaga nk’uko bimeze muri iki gihe. Kimwe na Yeremiya, ubutumwa utangaza buturuka kuri Yehova. Bityo rero, ukwiriye kongera ishyaka ugira mu murimo wo kubwiriza, usuzuma uko Yehova yarinze umuhanuzi we kugeza igihe Yerusalemu yarimbukiye.

IHEREZO RY’UMURYANGO WA CYAMI

20. Kuki ku ngoma ya Sedekiya ari bwo Yeremiya yahuye n’ibihe biruhije cyane? (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji 29.)

²⁰ Birashoboka ko imyaka yagoye Yeremiya cyane mu murimo we w’ubuhanuzi, ari imyaka Sedekiya yamaze ku ngoma. Kimwe n’abandi benshi bamubanjirije, Sedekiya “yakoze ibibi mu maso ya Yehova” (Yer 52:1, 2). Yari umugaragu w’Abanyababuloni kandi Nebukadinezari yari yaramurahije mu izina rya Yehova ko yagombaga kugandukira umwami w’i Babuloni. Nyamara Sedekiya yarenze kuri iyo ndahiro arigomeka. Hagati aho, abanzi ba Yeremiya bakomezaga kumwotsa igitutu cyane ngo ashyigikire abigometse.—2 Ngoma 36:13; Ezek 17:12, 13.

21-23. (a) Ni izihe mpande ebyiri zari zihanganye i Buyuda ku ngoma ya Sedekiya? (b) Abantu bafashe bate Yeremiya bitewe n’inama yabagiriye, kandi se kuki ibyo bikwiriye kugushishikaza?

²¹ Birashoboka ko mu ntangiriro z’ingoma ya Sedekiya, i Yerusalemu haje intumwa zoherejwe n’abami ba Edomu, Mowabu, Amoni, Tiro na Sidoni. Abo bami bashobora kuba barashakaga ko Sedekiya yifatanya na bo mu kurwanya umwami Nebukadinezari. Nyamara Yeremiya yashishikarije Sedekiya kuyoboka umwami w’i Babuloni. Nanone Yeremiya yohereje intumwa muri ibyo bihugu, zigenda zitwaje imigogo yerekana ko ibyo bihugu na byo byari bikwiriye kuyoboka Abanyababuloni (Yer 27:1-3, 14).c Abaturage ntibishimiye ibyo Yeremiya yabasabye gukora kandi kuba yaratangazaga ubutumwa rubanda batishimiye, byatumye Hananiya amwibasira. Hananiya yari umuhanuzi uhanura ibinyoma mu ruhame, wiyitaga ko yavugaga mu izina ry’Imana, akavuga ko umugogo w’Abanyababuloni wari kuzavunwa. Ariko kandi, Yehova yavuze binyuze kuri Yeremiya ko mu mwaka umwe gusa, uwo mubeshyi Hananiya yari gupfa. Kandi ni ko byagenze.—Yer 28:1-3, 16, 17.

²² U Buyuda bwari bwiciyemo ibice: bamwe bemeraga kugandukira Abanyababuloni ariko abandi bo bashyigikiye kwigomeka. Mu mwaka wa 609 M.Y., Sedekiya yarigometse ajya gushaka amaboko muri Egiputa. Ibyo byatumye Yeremiya ahangana n’abantu bari bashyigikiye kwigomeka, bari bashajijwe no kurwanira ishyaka igihugu cyabo (Yer 52:3; Ezek 17:15). Nebukadinezari n’ingabo ze bongeye kugaba igitero mu Buyuda kugira ngo bahoshe iyo myivumbagatanyo, bigarurira imigi yose y’u Buyuda, bongera no kugota Yerusalemu. Muri ibyo bihe bikomeye, Yeremiya yabwiye Sedekiya n’abaturage be ko Yerusalemu yari kuzagwa mu maboko y’Abanyababuloni. Abo Abakaludaya bari gusanga mu mugi bari kubica, ariko abari kwemera kwishyira mu maboko yabo bari kurokoka.—Soma muri Yeremiya 21:8-10; 52:4.

²³ Ibikomangoma byo mu Buyuda byavuze ko Yeremiya yari icyitso cy’Abanyababuloni. Ariko igihe Yeremiya yabwizaga ukuri ibikomangoma by’i Buyuda, byaramukubise kandi bimushyirisha mu nzu y’imbohe (Yer 37:13-15). Nyamara Yeremiya ntiyigeze yoroshya ubutumwa Yehova yari yamubwiye. Nuko ibyo bikomangoma byumvisha Sedekiya ko agomba kwica Yeremiya. Bafata Yeremiya bamujugunya mu rwobo rw’amazi rwarimo ubusa, aho yashoboraga gusaya mu rwondo rwarimo agapfa. Ariko umunyetiyopiya wakoraga ibwami witwaga Ebedi-Meleki arokora Yeremiya (Yer 38:4-13). Muri iki gihe, hari abagaragu benshi ba Yehova bageze hafi yo gupfa, bitewe n’uko umutimanama wabo utabemereraga kwivanga mu bibazo bya politiki. Mu by’ukuri, ibyabaye kuri Yeremiya biradukomeza kandi bikadufasha guhangana n’ibigeragezo.

24. Sobanura ibyabaye mu mwaka wa 607 M.Y.

²⁴ Mu mwaka wa 607 M.Y., amaherezo Abanyababuloni baciye ibyuho mu nkuta za Yerusalemu, umugi ugwa mu maboko yabo. Ingabo za Nebukadinezari zatwitse urusengero rwa Yehova, zisenya inkuta z’urusengero kandi zica abanyacyubahiro b’i Buyuda. Sedekiya yagerageje guhunga ariko baramufata, bamuzana imbere ya Nebukadinezari. Abahungu ba Sedekiya babiciye imbere ye, hanyuma Nebukadinezari amumena amaso, aramuboha amujyana i Babuloni (Yer 39:1-7). Nguko uko amagambo Yeremiya yahanuriye u Buyuda na Yerusalemu yasohoye. Aho kugira ngo uwo muhanuzi w’Imana yishime, yagiye mu cyunamo bitewe n’amakuba abo mu bwoko bwe bahuye na yo. Ako gahinda ke yakanditse mu gitabo cyo muri Bibiliya cyitwa Amaganya. Iyo usomye icyo gitabo kigukora ku mutima cyane.

AHANURIRA ABASIGAYE MU BUYUDA

25, 26. (a) Ni ibihe bintu byabaye nyuma y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu? (b) Abayuda bo mu gihe cya Yeremiya bakiriye bate ubutumwa bwe nyuma y’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu?

²⁵ Igihe ibyo bintu biteye ubwoba byabaga, Yeremiya yari amerewe ate? Ibikomangoma byo mu Buyuda byari byaramufunze, ariko Abanyababuloni bari bigaruriye umugi bamufashe neza, baza no kumurekura. Nyuma yaho, Yeremiya yaje gushyirwa hamwe n’abantu bari bajyanywe mu bunyage, ariko baza kumurekura. Yari agifite byinshi yakora mu murimo w’Imana. Yagombaga gukorana umwete ahanurira abari barokotse. Nebukadinezari yagize Gedaliya guverineri w’icyo gihugu bari bigaruriye kandi asezeranya Abayuda bari basigaye ko nibemera kuyoboka umwami w’i Babuloni, bazaba amahoro. Ariko Abayahudi batari babyishimiye bacuze umugambi, bica Gedaliya (Yer 39:13, 14; 40:1-7; 41:2). Yeremiya yateye inkunga Abayuda basigaye ngo bakomeze gutura muri icyo gihugu, ntibatinye umwami w’i Babuloni. Icyakora, abayobozi babo bavuze ko Yeremiya yari umubeshyi maze bahungira muri Egiputa, bajyana Yeremiya na Baruki ku ngufu. Ariko Yeremiya yabahanuriye ko Nebukadinezari yari kuzatera icyo gihugu kandi akakinesha, agateza amakuba Abayuda bari kuzaba bahahungiye.—Yer 42:9-11; 43:1-11; 44:11-13.

²⁶ Ariko na bwo Abayuda banze gutega amatwi umuhanuzi w’Imana wavugaga ukuri. Babitewe n’iki? Baravugaga bati “uhereye igihe twarekeye kosereza ibitambo ‘umwamikazi wo mu ijuru’ no kumusukira ituro ry’ibyokunywa, twabuze byose, dushiraho tuzize inkota n’inzara” (Yer 44:16, 18). Mbega ukuntu abantu bo mu gihe cya Yeremiya bari barabaye babi cyane! Ariko nanone, duterwa inkunga no kumenya ko umuntu udatunganye ashobora gukomeza kubera Yehova indahemuka, nubwo yaba aba mu bantu batakigira ukwizera.

27. Ni iki tuzi ku myaka ya nyuma Yeremiya yamaze mu murimo w’ubuhanuzi?

²⁷ Ikintu cya nyuma Yeremiya yanditse, ni ukuvuga uburyo umwami Evili-Merodaki wasimbuye Nebukadinezari yakuye Yehoyakimu mu nzu y’imbohe, cyabaye mu mwaka wa 580 M.Y. (Yer 52:31-34). Icyo gihe Yeremiya ashobora kuba yari ageze mu myaka nka 90. Nta makuru yizewe dufite y’uburyo Yeremiya yapfuye. Birashoboka ko yasaziye muri Egiputa akaza gupfa ari indahemuka, amaze imyaka igera kuri 67 mu murimo wihariye yakoreye Yehova. Uwo murimo we yawukoze ku ngoma y’umwami washyigikiraga abasenga Imana mu buryo yemera, amara n’indi myaka myinshi awukora mu gihe benshi basengaga ibigirwamana. Hari abantu bamwe batinyaga Imana bamuteze amatwi. Icyakora abenshi muri bo banze ubutumwa yabagejejeho, ndetse baranamurwanya ku mugaragaro. Ese ibyo byaba byaratumye Yeremiya atagira icyo ageraho mu murimo we? Reka da! Kuva agitangira uwo murimo, Yehova yari yaramubwiye ati “bazakurwanya, ariko ntibazagutsinda, kuko ‘ndi kumwe nawe kugira ngo ngukize’” (Yer 1:19). Inshingano twe Abahamya ba Yehova dufite muri iki gihe, ni nk’iyahawe Yeremiya. Natwe twakwitega ko hari igihe abantu batakwakira ubutumwa tubagezaho. (Soma muri Matayo 10:16-22.) None se, ni ayahe masomo twakura kuri Yeremiya, kandi se dukwiriye kubona dute umurimo dukora wo kubwiriza? Reka dusuzume ibyo bibazo.