Ibitabo byakoreshejwe mu Gatabo k’Iteraniro ry’Umurimo
5-11 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 12–13
“Umugani w’ingano n’urumamfu”
“Dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose”
2 Ibyabaye mu murima w’uwo muhinzi bigereranya ukuntu Yesu yari guteranyiriza hamwe abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano, ari bo Bakristo basutsweho umwuka bazategekana na we mu Bwami bwe, n’igihe yari kubikorera. Kubiba byatangiye kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33. Umurimo wo guteranyiriza hamwe abatoranyijwe uzarangira igihe abasutsweho umwuka bazaba bariho ku iherezo ry’iminsi y’imperuka, bazashyirwaho ikimenyetso cya nyuma maze bakajyanwa mu ijuru (Mat 24:31; Ibyah 7:1-4). Nk’uko umuntu uri ahantu hirengeye ku musozi abona ibintu byinshi biri hirya no hino, ni ko n’uyu mugani utuma tumenya ibintu byinshi byabaye mu gihe cy’imyaka igera ku 2.000. None se ni ibihe bintu bifitanye isano n’Ubwami uwo mugani utuma tumenya? Uwo mugani uvuga igihe cyo kubiba, igihe cyo gukura kw’imbuto n’igihe cy’isarura.
YESU YARI KUBITAHO
3 Mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya kabiri, ‘urumamfu rwagaragaye’ igihe Abakristo b’ikinyoma bagaragaraga mu isi igereranywa n’umurima (Mat 13:26). Byagiye kugera mu kinyejana cya kane Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu barabaye benshi kurusha Abakristo basutsweho umwuka. Wibuke ko muri uwo mugani, abagaragu basabye shebuja uburenganzira bwo kurandura urumamfu (Mat 13:28).
“Dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose”
4 Yesu yavuze ibirebana n’ingano n’urumamfu agira ati “mureke byombi bikurane kugeza ku isarura.” Ibyo bigaragaza ko kuva mu kinyejana cya mbere kugeza n’ubu, buri gihe ku isi hagiye haba Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bagereranywa n’ingano. Ibyo byemezwa n’amagambo Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be nyuma yaho agira ati “ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka” (Mat 28:20). Ku bw’ibyo, Yesu yari kurinda Abakristo basutsweho umwuka iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka. Icyakora, ntituzi neza abari bagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano bagiye babaho muri icyo gihe kirekire, kuko bari barapfukiranywe n’Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu. Ariko kandi, imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo mbere y’uko isarura ritangira, abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano baragaragaye.
“Dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose”
10 Ikintu cya mbere cyari gukorwa ni ugukusanya urumamfu. Yesu yagize ati “mu gihe cy’isarura nzabwira abasaruzi babanze gukusanya urumamfu, maze baruhambire mu miba.” Nyuma y’umwaka wa 1914, abamarayika batangiye “gukusanya” Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu, babatandukanya n’“abana b’ubwami” basutsweho umwuka.—Mat 13:30, 38, 41.
11 Uko umurimo wo gukusanya urumamfu wakomezaga gukorwa, itandukaniro ryari hagati y’ayo matsinda yombi ryarushijeho kugaragara (Ibyah 18:1, 4). Mu mwaka wa 1919, byagaragaye ko Babuloni Ikomeye yaguye. Ni iki ahanini cyatumye Abakristo b’ukuri bagaragara ko batandukanye n’ab’ikinyoma? Ni umurimo wo kubwiriza. Abari bayoboye Abigishwa ba Bibiliya batangiye kugaragaza ko buri wese akwiriye kwifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza Ubwami. Urugero, agatabo kavugaga ibirebana n’abashinzwe gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza (To Whom the Work Is Entrusted) kasohotse mu mwaka wa 1919, kateraga Abakristo bose basutsweho umwuka inkunga yo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu. Kagiraga kati “urebye uyu murimo ntiworoshye, ariko ni uw’Umwami, kandi imbaraga ze zizadufasha kuwukora. Mufite inshingano ihebuje yo kuwifatanyamo.” Babyitabiriye bate? Igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi yo mu mwaka wa 1922 yavuze ko kuva icyo gihe Abigishwa ba Bibiliya barushijeho gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza. Bidatinze, kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu byabaye ikimenyetso kiranga abo Bakristo b’indahemuka, kandi ni ko bikimeze no muri iki gihe.
12 Ikintu cya kabiri cyari gukorwa ni uguhunika ingano. Yesu yabwiye abamarayika be ati ‘muhunike ingano mu kigega cyanjye’ (Mat 13:30). Kuva mu mwaka wa 1919, abasutsweho umwuka bagiye bateranyirizwa hamwe mu itorero ry’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka ryejejwe. Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bazaba bakiriho ku iherezo ry’iminsi y’imperuka, bazateranyirizwa hamwe bwa nyuma igihe bazahabwa ingororano yabo mu ijuru.—Dan 7:18, 22, 27.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 12:20
Urutambi runyenyeretsa: Itara rya kera ryabaga rimeze nk’urwabya ruto bashyiragamo amavuta y’imyelayo. Bashyiragamo urutambi rukajya runywa ayo mavuta. Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “urutambi runyenyeretsa,” rishobora kwerekeza ku rutambi rucumba umwotsi kubera ko rugiye kuzima. Ubuhanuzi bwo muri Yesaya 42:3, bugaragaza ko Yesu yari kugira impuhwe. Yari gutuma abameze nk’urutambi runyenyeretsa, bicisha bugufi kandi bajanjaguritse, bakomeza kugira ibyiringiro.
Ese wari ubizi?
Ese koko mu bihe bya kera umuntu yashoboraga kubiba urumamfu mu murima wa mugenzi we?
MURI MATAYO 13:24-26, Yesu yaravuze ati “Ubwami bwo mu ijuru bugereranywa n’umuntu wabibye imbuto nziza mu murima we. Mu gihe abantu bari basinziriye, umwanzi we araza abiba urumamfu mu ngano maze arigendera. Zimaze kuzana amababi no kwera imbuto, urumamfu na rwo ruragaragara.” Abanditsi batandukanye bagiye bashidikanya ku bivugwa muri uwo mugani, ariko inyandiko za kera z’amategeko y’Abaroma zagaragaje ko ibivugwamo ari ukuri.
Hari igitabo gisobanura amagambo yo muri Bibiliya cyagize kiti “gutera imbuto mbi mu murima wa mugenzi wawe ugamije kwihimura byari icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko y’Abaroma. Kuba iryo tegeko ryarashyizweho, bigaragaza ko icyo cyaha cyari cyogeye.” Impuguke mu by’amategeko yitwa Alastair Kerr yavuze ko mu mwaka wa 533 Umwami w’Abami w’Umuroma witwaga Justinien yasohoye igitabo cyarimo incamake y’amategeko y’Abaroma hamwe n’ibitekerezo by’abacamanza (babayeho hagati y’umwaka wa 100 n’uwa 250). Icyo gitabo kigaragaza ko umucamanza witwaga Ulpian, yaciye urubanza ashingiye ku rwari rwaraciwe mu kinyejana cya kabiri n’umutegetsi mukuru w’Umuroma witwaga Celse. Umuntu yari yarabibye urumamfu mu murima wa mugenzi we bituma urumba. Icyo gitabo gisobanura indishyi uwabibye urumamfu yagombaga guha nyir’umurima cyangwa umuhinzi wawatishije kubera igihombo yamuteje.
Kuba igikorwa nk’icyo cy’ubugizi bwa nabi cyarabagaho mu Bwami bw’Abaroma bwa kera bigaragaza ko ibyo Yesu yavuze ari ibintu byabagaho mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
12-18 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 14-15
“Agaburira abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake”
Agaburira abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake
2 Yesu amaze kubona imbaga y’abantu, yabagiriye impuhwe, bityo akiza abari barwaye, kandi abigisha ibintu byinshi ku bihereranye n’Ubwami bw’Imana. Bugorobye, abigishwa ba Yesu bamusabye gusezerera abo bantu kugira ngo bajye mu midugudu yari hafi aho bihahire ibyokurya. Ariko Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati “abe ari mwe mubaha ibyokurya.” Ayo magambo ashobora kuba yarababereye urujijo, kubera ko bari bafite ibyokurya bike cyane. Bari bafite imigati itanu n’udufi tubiri.
Agaburira abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake
3 Yesu yagiriye abo bantu impuhwe maze akora igitangaza. Icyo gitangaza yakoze ni cyo cyonyine cyavuzwe n’abanditsi b’Amavanjiri bose uko ari bane (Mar 6:35-44; Luka 9:10-17; Yoh 6:1-13). Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ngo basabe abantu kwicara mu byatsi, mu matsinda y’abantu mirongo itanu mirongo itanu n’ay’abantu ijana ijana. Amaze gusenga, yamanyaguye imigati kandi agabagabanya amafi. Hanyuma, aho kugira ngo Yesu abe ari we uhita abitanga, yabihaye ‘abigishwa be, abigishwa be na bo babiha abantu.’ Mu buryo bw’igitangaza, abantu bose barariye barahaga ndetse birasaguka! Tekereza nawe! Yesu yagaburiye abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi binyuze kuri bake, ni ukuvuga abigishwa be.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 14:21
utabariyemo abagore n’abana: Mu nkuru zivuga icyo gitangaza, Matayo ni we wenyine uvuga iby’abagore n’abana. Birashoboka ko Yesu yagaburiye abantu barenga 15.000.
Agaburira abantu benshi binyuze kuri bake
SA N’UREBA uko byagenze. (Soma muri Matayo 14:14-21.) Hari mbere ya Pasika yo mu mwaka wa 32. Imbaga y’abantu bageraga ku 5.000, utabariyemo abagore n’abana, yari kumwe na Yesu n’abigishwa be ahantu hatari hatuwe, hafi y’i Betsayida, umudugudu wari ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’inyanja ya Galilaya.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 15:7
mwa ndyarya mwe: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki (hy·po·k.ritesʹ) ryahinduwemo indyarya, ryerekeza ku bakinnyi b’ikinamico b’Abagiriki n’ab’Abaroma bambaraga ibintu byabapfukaga mu maso bikabahindura isura, kandi bikabongerera ijwi. Iryo jambo ryaje kwerekezwa ku muntu wiyoberanya, cyangwa ukora ibintu bidahuje n’uko ari. Yesu yakoresheje ijambo “indyarya,” yerekeza ku bayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi.—Mt 6:5, 16.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 15:26
abana . . . ibibwana by’imbwa: Bitewe n’uko mu gihe cy’Amategeko ya Mose imbwa zari mu nyamaswa zihumanye, Ibyanditswe bikunda gukoresha iryo jambo ku bintu bigayitse (Lw 11:27; Mt 7:6; Fp 3:2; Ibh 22:15). Ariko mu nkuru zivuga ibya Yesu, haba mu nkuru ya Mariko (7:27) cyangwa iya Matayo, Yesu yakoresheje ijambo “ibibwana,” rikoreshwa bashaka gutubya cyangwa kugereranya mu buryo butagayitse cyane. Birashoboka ko Yesu yakoresheje iryo jambo ritari kubakomeretsa, rikaba ryerekeza ku mbwa yororerwaga mu rugo rw’abantu batari Abayahudi. Igihe Yesu yagereranyaga Abisirayeli n’“abana,” naho abatari Abayahudi akabagereranya n’ibibwana, yashakaga kwerekana abagombaga guhabwa ibintu bwa mbere. Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ko mu rugo rwabaga rurimo abana n’imbwa, abana ari bo bagombaga kugaburirwa mbere.
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 16-17
“Ese ibitekerezo byawe bihuje n’iby’Imana?”
Bagabo, mumenye ubutware bwa Kristo kandi mubwigane
17 Yesu yasobanuriye intumwa ze ko agomba kujya i Yerusalemu, aho yari kubabarizwa “n’abakuru n’abatambyi bakuru n’abanditsi, akicwa, akazazurwa ku munsi wa gatatu.” Petero abyumvise yajyanye Yesu ku ruhande, maze aramucyaha ati “biragatsindwa Mwami, ibyo ntibizakubaho na hato.” Uko bigaragara, ibyiyumvo byahumye amaso Petero. Yari akwiriye gukosorwa. Ku bw’ibyo, Yesu yaramubwiye ati “subira inyuma yanjye Satani, umbereye igisitaza kuko ibyo utekereza atari iby’Imana, ahubwo utekereza iby’abantu.”—Matayo 16:21-23.
Ba maso, Satani ashaka kuguconshomera!
16 Satani ashobora gushuka n’abagaragu ba Yehova b’abanyamwete. Urugero, reka turebe uko byagenze igihe Yesu yabwiraga abigishwa be ko yari hafi kwicwa. Intumwa Petero yashyize Yesu ku ruhande, amubwira atabigiranye ubugome ati “ibabarire Mwami; ibyo ntibizigera bikubaho.” Yesu yashubije Petero atajenjetse ati “jya inyuma yanjye Satani!” (Mat 16:22, 23). Kuki Yesu yise Petero “Satani”? Ni ukubera ko Yesu yari asobanukiwe ibyari bigiye kuba. Hari hasigaye igihe gito agapfa bityo akaba igitambo cy’incungu, maze akagaragaza ko Satani ari umubeshyi. Icyo cyari igihe gikomeye mu mateka y’abantu; ku bw’ibyo, kuri Yesu si cyo cyari igihe cyo ‘kwibabarira.’ Iyo Yesu ataza gukomeza kuba maso byari gushimisha Satani.
17 Kubera ko imperuka y’iyi si iri bugufi, natwe turi mu bihe bigoye. Satani yifuza ko ‘twibabarira,’ mbese tugahatanira kugira icyo tugeraho muri iyi si, bityo ntidukomeze kuba maso. Ntukemere ko ibyo bikubaho. Ahubwo, jya ‘ukomeza kuba maso’ (Mat 24:42). Ntuzigere wemera ikinyoma cya Satani cy’uko imperuka ikiri kure cyane cyangwa ko itazigera inabaho.
‘Mugende muhindure abantu abigishwa, mubabatiza’
9 Gukora ibyo Imana ishaka dukurikije urugero rwa Yesu bikubiyemo iki? Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati ‘umuntu nashaka kunkurikira yiyange, afate igiti cye cy’umubabaro maze akomeze ankurikire’ (Matayo 16:24). Aha yavuze ibintu bitatu tugomba gukora. Icya mbere ni ‘ukwiyanga.’ Mu yandi magambo, twiyambura kamere y’ubwikunde ibogamira ku cyaha, tukemera kuyoborwa n’inama zituruka ku Mana. Icya kabiri, ni ‘ukwikorera igiti cyacu cy’umubabaro.’ Mu gihe cya Yesu, igiti cy’umubabaro cyagereranyaga gukozwa isoni no kubabazwa. Kubera ko turi Abakristo, twemera ko hari igihe dushobora kubabazwa tuzira ubutumwa bwiza (2 Timoteyo 1:8). Nubwo ab’isi bashobora kudukoba cyangwa kutuvuga nabi, kimwe na Kristo ‘ntitwita ku isoni’, kuko tuba dutewe ibyishimo no kumenya ko dushimisha Imana (Abaheburayo 12:2). Icya gatatu, ‘dukomeza’ gukurikira Yesu.—Zaburi 73:26; 119:44; 145:2.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 16:18
Uri Petero, kandi kuri uru rutare: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki peʹtros risobanura “urutare cyangwa ibuye.” Muri uyu murongo ryakoreshejwe nk’izina bwite. Petero ni izina ry’Ikigiriki Yesu yise Simoni (Yoh 1:42). Irindi jambo ry’Ikigiriki bifitanye isano ni peʹtra, rikaba rihindurwamo urutare runini, urutare rushashe, cyangwa urutare ruhanamye. Iryo jambo riboneka nanone muri Mt 7:24, 25; 27:60; Lk 6:48; 8:6; Rm 9:33; 1Kr 10:4; 1Pt 2:8. Petero ashobora kuba atarabonaga ko ari we rutare Yesu yari kubakaho itorero rye, kuko yanditse muri 1 Petero 2:4-8, ko Bibiliya yari yarahanuye ko Yesu ari we wari kuzaba “ibuye ry’urufatiro rikomeza imfuruka” Imana yihitiyemo. Intumwa Pawulo na we yavuze ko Yesu ari ‘urufatiro’ n’“urutare rwo mu buryo bw’umwuka” (1Kr 3:11; 10:4). Ubwo rero, Yesu yakoresheje ayo magambo, ari nk’aho ashaka kuvuga ati: “Wowe nise Petero, uri Ibuye kandi wamenye uwo Kristo ari we koko, ni ukuvuga “urutare” itorero rya gikristo ryubatseho.”
itorero: Aha ni ho ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ek·kle·siʹa ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere. Rikomoka ku magambo abiri y’Ikigiriki ari yo ek, risobanura “hanze,” na ka·leʹo, risobanura ngo “guhamagara.” Iryo jambo ryerekeza ku itsinda ry’abantu bari kumwe cyangwa bahamagariwe gukora ikintu runaka. Muri uyu murongo, Yesu yahanuye ko itorero rya gikristo, rigizwe n’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka, bakaba ari “amabuye mazima yubakishwa inzu yo mu buryo bw’umwuka” (1Pt 2:4, 5). Iryo jambo ry’Ikigiriki rikunda gukoreshwa muri Bibiliya ya Septante, risobanura kimwe n’ijambo ry’Igiheburayo rihindurwamo “iteraniro,” rikaba ryerekeza ku ishyanga ryose ry’abagize ubwoko bw’Imana (Gut 23:3; 31:30). Mu Byakozwe 7:38, Abisirayeli bajyanywe muri Egiputa bitwa “iteraniro.” Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ‘Abakristo [Imana] yahamagaye ikabakura mu mwijima,’ kandi ‘ikabatoranya ibakuye mu isi,’ bagize “itorero ry’Imana.”—1Pt 2:9; Yh 15:19; 1Kr 1:2.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 16:19
imfunguzo z’ubwami bwo mu ijuru: Muri Bibiliya, abahawe imfunguzo, zaba imfunguzo nyazo cyangwa iz’ikigereranyo, babaga bafite ubutware (1Ng 9:26, 27; Ye 22:20-22). Ubwo rero ijambo “urufunguzo” rigereranya ububasha n’inshingano. Petero yakoresheje imfunguzo yahawe afungurira inzira Abayahudi (Ibk 2:22-41), Abasamariya (Ibk 8:14-17) n’abanyamahanga (Ibk 10:34-38), kugira ngo bahabwe umwuka wera w’Imana, maze bazinjire mu Bwami bw’ijuru.
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | MATAYO 18-19
“Ntukibere igisitaza cyangwa ngo usitaze abandi”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 18:6, 7
urusyo runini: Cyangwa urusyo rukururwa n’indogobe. Urwo rusyo rwabaga rufite umurambararo uri hagati ya metero 1,2 na 1,5. Rwabaga ruremereye cyane ku buryo rwakoreshwaga n’indogobe.
ibisitaza: Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “igisitaza” ni skanʹda·lon, rikaba risobanura umutego. Hari abavuga ko cyari igiti bashyiragaho icyambo cyangwa ikintu bategesha. Nanone bisobanura ikintu umuntu asitaraho akitura hasi. Mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, iryo jambo ryerekeza ku kintu gituma umuntu ateshuka agakora ikintu kibi cyangwa akagwa mu cyaha. Muri Matayo 18:8, 9, ijambo rifitanye isano n’iryo ni skan·da·liʹzo, risobanura “kubera abandi igisitaza.” Rishobora guhindurwamo “gutuma umuntu akora icyaha cyangwa kumutega umutego kugira ngo agwe.”
nwtsty, amafoto
Urusyo
Urusyo rwakoreshwaga basya ibinyampeke cyangwa imbuto z’imyelayo. Hari insyo zabaga ari nto ku buryo zakoreshwaga n’abantu, ariko hari n’izabaga ari nini cyane ku buryo zakoreshwaga n’amatungo. Urusyo runini nk’urwo rushobora kuba ari rwo Samusoni yakoreshaga igihe yakoreraga Abafilisitiya (Abc 16:21). Urwo rusyo rwakoreshwaga n’amatungo rwari rumenyerewe muri Isirayeli no hirya no hino mu bwami bw’Abaroma.
Urusyo n’ingasire
Urusyo runini nk’urugaragara kuri iyi foto, barukoreshaga basya ibinyampeke cyangwa imyelayo, rukaba rwarakoreshwaga n’amatungo, urugero nk’indogobe. Ingasire yabaga ifite metero 1,5 z’umurambararo kandi urusyo rwabaga ari runini kuyirusha.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 18:9
Gehinomu: Iryo jambo rikomoka ku ijambo ry’Igiheburayo geh hin·nomʹ, bisobanura “igikombe cya Hinomu,” cyabaga muri Yerusalemu ya kera. (Reba agatabo sgd, ipaji ya 55, ahanditse ngo: “Yerusalemu n’uturere tuyikikije.”) Mu gihe cya Yesu, icyo gikombe ni cyo batwikiragamo imyanda. Ni yo mpamvu ijambo “Gehinomu” rigereranya kurimbuka burundu.
nwtsty, Urutonde rw’amagambo yo muri Bibiliya
Gehinomu
Ni izina ry’Ikigiriki risobanura Igikombe cya Hinomu, cyabaga mu Burengerazuba bw’Amagepfo ya Yerusalemu (Yr 7:31). Byari byarahanuwe ko aho hantu hari kuzajya hajugunywa imirambo (Yr 7:32; 19:6). Nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko abantu cyangwa inyamaswa byajugunywaga muri Gehinomu ari bizima kugira ngo bibabarizwemo. Ubwo rero, aho hantu ntihagereranya umuriro w’iteka abantu bazababarizwamo. Yesu n’abigishwa be bakoresheje iryo jambo Gehinomu berekeza ku gihano k’iteka cyangwa “urupfu rwa kabiri,” ni ukuvuga kurimbuka burundu.—Ibh 20:14; Mt 5:22; 10:28.
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 18:10
bareba mu maso ha Data: Cyangwa “babana na Data.” Ibiremwa by’umwuka ni byo bishobora kureba Imana, kuko bibana na yo.—Kv 33:20.
Uruhare rw’ibiremwa by’umwuka mu mibereho yacu
Yesu yaduhishuriye ko abamarayika bafite inshingano yo gufasha abagaragu b’Imana kubumbatira imishyikirano bafitanye na yo. Iyo ni yo mpamvu igihe Yesu yahaga abigishwa be umuburo wo kwirinda kubera abandi igisitaza, yagize ati “mwirinde mutagira uwo muri aba bato musuzugura, kuko ndababwira ko abamarayika babo bo mu ijuru bahora bareba mu maso ha Data uri mu ijuru” (Matayo 18:10). Yesu ntiyashakaga kuvuga ko byanze bikunze buri mwigishwa we afite marayika murinzi ushinzwe kumwitaho. Ahubwo yashakaga kugaragaza ko abamarayika bakorana n’Imana bya bugufi, bashishikazwa cyane n’ibyo abagize itorero rya gikristo bakora.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 18:22
Inshuro 77: Ubisobanuye ijambo ku ijambo, bisobanura mirongo irindwi gukuba karindwi. Iryo jambo ry’Ikigiriki rishobora gusobanura 77 cyangwa inshuro 70 gukuba 7 (bihwanye na 490). Iryo jambo ryo mu Giheburayo rinakoreshwa muri Bibiliya ya Septante mu Ntangiriro 4:24, naho havugwamo “inshuro 77.” Gusubiramo umubare 7, bisobanura ko ari inshuro zitabarika. Igihe Yesu yabwiraga Petero kubabarira inshuro 77, yashakaga kubwira abigishwa be ko batagombaga gushyiraho umubare ntarengwa w’inshuro bagomba kubabarira. Hari igitabo cy’Abanyababuloni cyavugaga ko “niba umuntu akoze icyaha bwa mbere akongera bwa kabiri n’ubwa gatatu yababarirwaga, ariko yagikora ku nshuro ya kane ntababarirwe.”
nwtsty, ibisobanuro, Mt 19:7
icyemezo cyo gusenda: Cyangwa “ikemezo cy’ubutane.” Kuba amategeko yarasabaga umugabo washakaga gutana n’umugore kujya gushaka ikemezo gitangwa n’amategeko no kugisha inama abakuru, byatumaga atekereza kuri uwo mwanzuro utoroshye. Iryo tegeko ryari rigamije gutuma abantu batihutira gutana no kurinda umutekano w’umugore (Gut 24:1). Icyakora mu gihe cya Yesu, abayobozi b’amadini batumaga abantu batana bitabagoye. Umuhanga mu by’amateka wo mu kinyejana cya mbere, witwa Joseph, na we akaba yari umufarisayo watanye n’umugore, yavuze ko “gutana byari byemewe bitewe n’impamvu iyo ari yo yose.”
nwtsty, amafoto
Ikemezo cy’ubutane
Iki kemezo cy’ubutane ni icyo mu mwaka wa 71 cyangwa 72, cyari cyanditse mu Cyarameyi. Cyabonetse mu Majyaruguru, ku nkombe y’umugezi wakamye wa Wadi Murabbaat, mu butayu bwa Yudaya. Cyanditseho ko mu mwaka wa 6 w’imyigaragambyo y’Abayahudi, Joseph mwene Naqsan, yatanye na Miriam, umukobwa wa Jonathan wo mu mugi wa Masada.