Ibitabo byakoreshejwe mu Gatabo k’Iteraniro ry’Umurimo
4-10 MUTARAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | ABALEWI 18-19
“Komeza kuba umuntu utanduye mu by’umuco”
Uko twakwirinda umwe mu mitego ya Satani
Yehova yarondoye ibikorwa by’ubwiyandarike amahanga yari abakikije yakoraga, maze abwira Abisirayeli ati: ‘Ntimugakore ibyo abo mu gihugu cy’i Kanani mbajyanamo bakora. Icyo gihugu kiranduye. Nzakiryoza icyaha cyacyo.’ Abanyakanani bakoraga ibikorwa biteye ishozi, ku buryo Imana yera ya Isirayeli yabonaga ko igihugu cyabo cyari cyanduye.—Lewi 18:3, 25.
Yehova ayobora ubwoko bwe
13 Abo bami b’indahemuka bari batandukanye n’abami bo mu bindi bihugu bayoborwaga n’ubwenge bw’abantu. Abami b’Abanyakanani n’abaturage babo bakoraga amahano. Basambanaga na bene wabo, bagakora iby’ubutinganyi, bakaryamana n’inyamaswa, bagatamba abana babo kandi bagasenga ibigirwamana (Lewi 18:6, 21-25). Nanone abami b’Abanyababuloni n’Abanyegiputa, ntibakurikizaga amategeko arebana n’isuku Imana yari yarahaye Abisirayeli (Kub 19:13). Icyakora abayoboraga ubwoko bw’Imana bo babateraga inkunga yo kugira isuku yo ku mubiri, bakirinda ibigirwamana n’ubusambanyi. Biragaragara neza ko Yehova ari we wabayoboraga.
Uko Imana izakuraho ibibi
None se abantu binangira bagakomeza gukora ibibi bizabagendekera bite? Tekereza ku bivugwa muri iri sezerano ridaca ku ruhande, rigira riti “kuko abakiranutsi ari bo bazatura mu isi, kandi inyangamugayo ni zo zizayisigaramo. Naho ababi bazakurwa mu isi, kandi abariganya bazayirandurwamo” (Imigani 2:21, 22). Ababi ntibazongera kutugirira nabi. Icyo gihe, abantu bumvira bazagira amahoro kandi bagende babaturwa ku kudatungana barazwe.—Abaroma 6:17, 18; 8:21.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
“Mbega ukuntu nkunda amategeko yawe!”
11 Ikintu cya kabiri cyari mu Mategeko ya Mose cyagaragazaga ko Yehova yita ku bwoko bwe, ni uburenganzira bwo guhumba. Yehova yari yarategetse ko mu gihe umuhinzi w’Umwisirayeli yabaga asarura imyaka yo mu murima we, umukene yari yemerewe guhumba ibyo abasaruzi babaga basize inyuma. Abahinzi ntibagombaga gusarura inkokora z’imirima yabo ngo imyaka yose bayimareho, cyangwa ngo bahumbe imizabibu cyangwa se imyerayo. Igihe babaga bibagiriwe imiganda mu mirima, ntibagombaga kujya kuyizana. Ubwo bwari uburyo bwuje urukundo bwo gufasha abakene, abasuhuke, imfubyi n’abapfakazi. Birumvikana ko umurimo wo guhumba utari woroshye, ariko watumaga badasabiriza.—Abalewi 19:9, 10; Gutegeka 24:19-22; Zaburi 37:25.
11-17 MUTARAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | ABALEWI 20-21
“Yehova atandukanya abagaragu be n’abandi bantu”
Mbese ufite impamvu zo kwizera Paradizo?
12 Icyakora, hari ikindi kintu tutagomba kwirengagiza. Imana yabwiye Abisirayeli iti “mukwiriye kwitondera amategeko yose mbategeka uyu munsi, kugira ngo mugire amaboko mujye mu gihugu mugihindure, ni cyo mwambuka mujyanwamo no guhindura” (Gutegeka 11:8). Mu Balewi 20:22, 24, icyo gihugu cyongera kuvugwaho ngo: “Mujye mukomeza amategeko yanjye yose n’amateka yanjye yose kandi muyakurikize, kugira ngo mutazirukanwa mu gihugu mbajyana guturamo. Ni yo mpamvu nababwiye nti ‘mwebweho muzahabwa igihugu cyabo; nanjye nzabaha icyo gihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki, kibe gakondo yanyu. Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu, wabatandukanyije n’andi moko.’” Koko rero, guhabwa Igihugu cy’Isezerano byari bishingiye ku kugirana imishyikirano myiza na Yehova Imana. Kubera ko Abisirayeli bananiwe kumvira Imana, ni cyo cyatumye yemerera Abanyababuloni kubatsinda bakabirukana mu gihugu cyabo.
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Umurage
Umurage ni ikintu cyose umuntu atanga mbere y’uko apfa, akagiha uzaragwa ibye cyangwa uzamuzungura. Umuntu ashobora kuwuhabwa n’ababyeyi be cyangwa uwo asimbuye. Inshinga y’Igiheburayo yakoreshejwe ni na·chal,ʹ ikaba yumvikanisha guhabwa cyangwa guha umurage uzagusimbura (Kb 26:55; Ezk 46:18). Naho indi nshinga y’Igiheburayo ari yo ya·rashʹ, ikoreshwa akenshi yerekeza ku “kuzungura umuntu” ukaragwa ibye ariko utazamusimbura (It 15:3; Lw 20:24). Nanone iyo nshinga ishobora gusobanura ‘kunyaga cyangwa kwirukana abantu mu gihugu cyabo,’ umuntu arwanye (Gut 2:12; 31:3). Amagambo y’Ikigiriki asobanura umurage ni kleʹros bisobanura kugabana hakoreshejwe “ubufindo.” Iryo jambo ryaje guhindurwamo “umugabane” hanyuma “umurage.”—Mt 27:35; Ibk 1:17; 26:18.
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Inyoni
Nyuma y’Umwuzure, Nowa yafashe ‘ibiguruka byose bidahumanye’ n’izindi nyamanswa abitangaho igitambo (It 8:18-20). Nyuma yaho Imana yemereye abantu kujya barya inyoni, ariko bakirinda kurya amaraso yazo. (It 9:1-4; gereranya na Lw 7:26; 17:13.) Muri icyo gihe hari inyoni abantu babonaga ko ‘zidahumanye’ kubera ko Imana yemerega ko bazitambaho ibitambo. Bibiliya igaragaza ko hatarajyaho amategeko ya Mose nta nyoni n’imwe yari yaravuzweho ko itagomba kuribwa bitewe n’uko ‘ihumanye’ (Lw 11:13-19, 46, 47; 20:25; Gut 14:11-20). Bibiliya ntigaragaza icyagenderwagaho mu kuvuga ko ibiguruka ibi n’ibi ‘bihumanye.’ Nubwo zimwe muri izo nyoni zihumanye zatungwaga n’inyama, si ko byari bimeze kuri zose. Ayo mategeko yaje kuvaho igihe hajyagaho isezerano rishya, nk’uko Petero yabibonye mu iyerekwa.—Ibk 10:9-15.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Kwikebagura
Amategeko Imana yari yarahaye Abisirayeli, yababuzaga kwikebagura biraburira umuntu wapfuye (Lw 19:28; 21:5; Gut 14:1). Impamvu ni uko bari ubwoko bwera bwa Yehova bakaba n’umutungo we bwite (Gut 14:2). Bagombaga kwirinda ibikorwa byose bifitanye isano no gusenga ibigirwamana. Ubwo rero ntibagombaga kwiraburira umuntu wapfuye bikebagura ku mubiri, kuko bari bazi uko bigenda iyo umuntu apfuye kandi bakaba barizeraga umuzuko (Dn 12:13; Hb 11:19). Nanone kuba Abisirayeli bari babujijwe kwikebagura byaberekaga ko Yehova Imana yifuza ko bubaha ibyo yaremye, hakubiyemo n’umubiri w’umuntu.
18-24 MUTARAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | ABALEWI 22-23
“Iminsi mikuru Yehova yari yarategetse Abisirayeli itwigisha iki?”
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Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe
Umunsi wa mbere w’Imigati Idasembuwe wabaga ari ikoraniro ryihariye, kandi ukaba n’isabato. Ku munsi wa kabiri, ni ukuvuga kuri 16 Nisani, bashyiraga umutambyi umuganda w’umuganura w’ingano za sayiri babaga basaruye. Uwo wabaga ari umusaruro wa mbere w’ibinyampeke byabaga byeze muri Palesitina. Mbere y’uwo munsi mukuru, nta muntu wabaga wemerewe kurya ibinyampeke, umugati cyangwa ibinyampeke byokeje bivuye mu musaruro wa mbere. Mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, uwo mutambyi yahaga Yehova uwo musaruro wa mbere, akabikora azunguza umuganda w’ibinyampeke imbere ye. Nanone kuri uwo munsi, bazanaga isekurume y’intama itagira inenge kandi itarengeje umwaka, bakayitambira Yehova ho igitambo gikongorwa n’umuriro. Bayituranaga n’ituro ry’ibinyampeke rivanze n’amavuta hamwe n’ituro ry’ibyo kunywa (Lw 23:6-14). Nta tegeko ryabasabaga gutwikira ku gicaniro ibyo binyampeke cyangwa ifu yabyo nk’uko abatambyi bagiye babikora nyuma yaho. Gutamba igitambo ntibyakorwaga mu rwego rw’ishyanga gusa. Ahubwo buri muryango cyangwa umuntu ku giti ke wabaga wifite, yashoboraga gutamba ibitambo by’ishimwe muri iyo minsi mikuru.—Kv 23:19; Gut 26:1, 2.
Icyo uwo munsi mukuru wasobanuraga. Baryaga imigati idasembuwe bakurikije amategeko Yehova yari yarahaye Mose aboneka mu Kuva 12:14-20. Ku murongo wa 19 hari itegeko rigira riti: “Muri iyo minsi irindwi, ntihazagire umusemburo uboneka mu mazu yanyu.” Mu Gutegeka 16:3, imigati idasembuwe yitwa ‘umugati w’umubabaro.’ Buri mwaka Abayahudi bagombaga kurya iyo migati yabibutsaga ukuntu bakuwe muri Egiputa vuba na bwangu (nta kanya na gato babonye ko gushyira umusemburo mu marobe yabo [Kv 12:34]). Bibukaga umubabaro n’imirimo y’uburetwa bakoraga mu gihugu cya Egiputa, hanyuma Imana ikabakurayo. Yehova yarababwiye ati: “Mu gihe cyose cyo kubaho kwawe ujye wibuka umunsi waviriye mu gihugu cya Egiputa.” Umudendezo bari bafite no kuba Yehova ari we wabakuye muri Egiputa, byatumaga bishima mu gihe babaga bizihiza umunsi mukuru wa mbere mu minsi mikuru itatu bagiraga buri mwaka.—Gut 16:16.
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Pentekote
Umusaruro wa mbere w’ingano zisanzwe n’umusaruro wa mbere w’ingano za sayiri, ntibyagombaga guturwa mu buryo bumwe. Bibili bya cumi by’ifu inoze y’ingano zisanzwe (L 4.4) byagombaga gukorwamo imigati ibiri isembuye kandi yokeje. Bari kuyikorera ‘aho bari kuba batuye hose’ ni ukuvuga ko itari kuba ari imigati idasanzwe igenewe gukoreshwa ibintu byera, ahubwo yari imeze nk’iyo bari basanzwe barya mu ngo zabo (Lw 23:17). Iyo migati bagombaga kuyiturana n’igitambo gikongorwa n’umuriro hamwe n’amasekurume abiri y’intama yo gutamba ho igitambo gisangirwa. Umutambyi yazungurizaga imbere ya Yehova iyo migati na ya masekurume abiri y’intama, agashyira ikiganza ke munsi ya ya migati no munsi y’isekurume y’intama, hanyuma akabizunguza abijyana imbere n’inyuma, ibyo bikaba byaragaragazaga ko bituwe Yehova. Nyuma yo gutamba iyo migati n’izo sekurume z’intama, umutambyi yabiryagaho kugira ngo bibe igitambo gisangirwa.—Lw 23:18-20.
Ese ukomeza kugendana n’umuteguro wa Yehova?
11 Umuteguro wa Yehova udutera inkunga yo gukurikiza inama y’intumwa Pawulo igira iti ‘nimucyo tujye tuzirikanana kugira ngo duterane ishyaka ryo gukundana no gukora imirimo myiza, tutirengagiza guteranira hamwe nk’uko hari bamwe babigize akamenyero, ahubwo duterane inkunga kandi turusheho kubigenza dutyo uko mubona urya munsi ugenda wegereza’ (Heb 10:24, 25). Iminsi mikuru Abisirayeli bizihizaga buri mwaka hamwe n’andi materaniro bagiraga byarabakomezaga mu buryo bw’umwuka. Byongeye kandi, iyo minsi mikuru, urugero nk’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando wabaye mu gihe cya Nehemiya, yari ibihe by’ibyishimo byinshi (Kuva 23:15, 16; Neh 8:9-18). Natwe twungukirwa n’amateraniro ndetse n’amakoraniro. Nimucyo tujye twitabira izo gahunda zituma dukomera mu buryo bw’umwuka kandi tukishima.—Tito 2:2.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Komeza kuba indahemuka
3 Twebwe abagaragu b’Imana tubona ko ubudahemuka ari ugukunda Yehova n’umutima wacu wose kandi tukamwiyegurira mu buryo bwuzuye, ku buryo ari we uza mu mwanya wa mbere mu myanzuro yose dufata. Reka dusuzume uko ijambo ubudahemuka ryakoreshejwe muri Bibiliya. Ijambo ryahinduwemo “ubudahemuka,” ryumvikanisha ikintu kizima, cyuzuye cyangwa kitagira inenge. Urugero, Abisirayeli batambiraga Yehova ibitambo by’amatungo, kandi Amategeko yavugaga ko ayo matungo yagombaga kuba atagira inenge (Lewi 22:21, 22). Abagaragu b’Imana ntibagombaga gutanga itungo ridafite ukuguru cyangwa ugutwi, irifite ijisho rimwe cyangwa irirwaye. Yehova yahaga agaciro itungo rizima kandi ritagira inenge (Mal 1:6-9). Impamvu Yehova yasabaga itungo rizima kandi ritagira inenge, irumvikana neza. Iyo tugiye kugura ikintu runaka tuba twifuza ko kiba ari kizima, cyuzuye kandi kidafite inenge. Urugero, niba tugiye kugura urubuto, ntituba twifuza urwaboze. Iyo tugiye kugura igitabo, ntituba twifuza icyazanye amatwi cyangwa ikiburamo amapaji. Nanone iyo tugiye kugura igikoresho runaka, ntituba twifuza icyangiritse cyangwa ikituzuye. Ibyo byumvikanisha impamvu Yehova na we adusaba kumukunda no kumubera indahemuka mu buryo bwuzuye.
25-31 MUTARAMA
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | ABALEWI 24-25
“Yubile ya kera ifitanye isano n’umudendezo tuzagira”
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Umudendezo
Imana itanga umudendezo. Yehova ni Imana itanga umudendezo. Yakuye Abisirayeli mu buretwa bwo muri Egiputa. Yehova yababwiye ko nibumvira amategeko ye, bazagira umudendezo bifuza (Gut 15:4, 5). Dawidi yavuze ko Yerusalemu yari kugira umudendezo agira ati: “No mu minara yawe hakomeze kuba umutuzo” (Zb 122:6, 7). Icyakora Amategeko yavugaga ko iyo umuntu yabaga akennye, yashoboraga kwigurisha akaba umucakara kugira ngo abone ibimutunga we n’umuryango we. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo, Amategeko yavugaga ko mu mwaka wa karindwi umucakara w’Umuheburayo yagombaga guhabwa umudendezo (Kv 21:2). Kuri Yubile yabaga nyuma ya buri myaka 50, batangazaga ko abatuye igihugu bose bahawe umudendezo. Buri mucakara w’Umuheburayo yahabwaga umudendezo, kandi buri mugabo agasubira muri gakondo ye.—Lw 25:10-19.
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Umurage
Isambu yabaga ari iy’abagize umuryango uko ibisekuruza byagendaga bikurikirana, ntibagombaga kuyigurisha burundu. Uwaguraga isambu yabaga agamije kuyihingamo gusa. Ikiguzi cyayo cyashoboraga kwiyongera bitewe n’imyaka yabaga ibura ngo Yubile ibe, kuko mu mwaka wa Yubile amasambu yose yasubizwaga ba nyirayo iyo Yubile yageraga batarayagaruza (Lw 25:13, 15, 23, 24). Ayo mategeko yarebaga n’abagurishaga amazu yo mu migi itagoswe n’inkuta kuko ayo mazu yabarwaga nk’imirima yo mu gihugu. Amazu ari mu migi igoswe n’inkuta yo, bemererwaga kuyagaruza mu gihe cy’umwaka uhereye igihe ba nyirayo bayagurishirije, bitaba ibyo agatwarwa n’uwayaguze. Naho ku birebana n’amazu yo mu migi y’Abalewi, bari bafite uburenganzira bwo kuyagaruza kugeza ibihe bitarondoreka, kuko nta mugabane bari barahawe.—Lw 25:29-34.
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Yubile
Iyo abagize ishyanga rya Isirayeli bubahirizaga itegeko rya Yubile, byabarindaga guhura n’ibibazo tubona muri iki gihe mu bihugu byinshi, aho usanga abantu bari mu bice bibiri; abakize cyane n’abakennye cyane. Nanone ibyo byagiriraga buri wese akamaro, kubera ko nta wumvaga ko ari hasi y’abandi cyangwa ngo yumve nta cyo amaze bitewe nuko ari umukene. Ahubwo buri wese yakoraga ibyagiraraga ishyanga ryose akamaro akurikije ubushobozi cyangwa ubuhanga afite. Umugisha Yehova yahaga umusaruro w’Abisirayeli, inyigisho yabahaga no kuba barumviraga amategeko ye, byatumaga bagira abayobozi beza kandi bakaba abakire. Ibyo nta wundi ubitanga uretse Yehova wenyine.—Ye 33:22.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Wakora iki mu gihe umuntu akugiriye nabi?
Iyo Umwisirayeli yakubitaga mugenzi we akamuvanamo ijisho, Amategeko yemeraga ko ahabwa igihano kimukwiriye. Icyakora, uwahohotewe si we wagombaga guhana uwamugiriye nabi, cyangwa ngo abikorere mwene wabo. Amategeko yasabaga ko uwahohotewe ageza ikirego cye ku babishinzwe, ari bo bacamanza, kugira ngo babikemure mu buryo bwiza. Kumenya ko umuntu wari kugirira nabi mugenzi we abigambiriye na we yari gukorerwa nk’ibyo yakoreye mugenzi we, byatumaga abantu batihorera. Ariko kandi, hari ibindi byari bikubiye muri iryo tegeko.
1-7 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | ABALEWI 26-27
“Twakora iki ngo Yehova aduhe imigisha?”
Zibukira “ibitagira umumaro”
8 Ni mu buhe buryo “Ubutunzi” bushobora kuba nk’imana? Reka dufate urugero rw’ibuye ryabaga riri mu murima muri Isirayeli ya kera. Iryo buye bashoboraga kurikoresha bubaka amazu cyangwa inkike. Ariko iyo ryakoreshwaga mu kubaka “inkingi yera y’amabuye,” cyangwa rikaba ‘ryarabajweho ibishushanyo,’ ryashoboraga kubera ikigusha abari bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova (Lewi 26:1). Amafaranga na yo afite akamaro. Tuba tuyakeneye kugira ngo tubeho, kandi dushobora kuyakoresha mu murimo wa Yehova (Umubw 7:12; Luka 16:9). Ariko iyo dushyize imbere ibyo kuyashaka, tukabirutisha umurimo wacu wa gikristo, mu by’ukuri ayo mafaranga aba ahindutse imana yacu. (Soma muri 1 Timoteyo 6:9, 10.) Muri iyi si, abantu bashyira imbere ibyo gushaka ubutunzi. Ariko twe tugomba gukora ibishoboka byose tugashyira mu gaciro ku birebana n’icyo kibazo.—1 Tim 6:17-19.
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Gutinya, kubaha cyane
Abantu bubahaga Mose cyane, bitewe n’ukuntu Yehova yakoranaga na we n’ibyo yamukoreshaga (Gut 34:10, 12; Kv 19:9). Abari bafite ukwizera bubahaga ubutware bwa Mose. Bari bazi ko Imana yabavugishaga binyuze kuri we. Nanone Abisirayeli bagombaga kubaha ihema ryera rya Yehova (Lw 19:30; 26:2). Ibyo bisobanura ko bagombaga kubaha iryo hema cyane, bagasenga Yehova bakurikije uko yabibategetse kandi bakumvira amategeko ye yose.
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Mureke “amahoro y’Imana” arinde imitima yanyu
10 Yehova yabwiye ishyanga rya Isirayeli ati: “Nimukomeza gukurikiza amabwiriza yanjye kandi mugakomeza amategeko yanjye, mukayubahiriza, nzabavubira imvura mu gihe cyayo, kandi ubutaka buzera umwero wabwo n’ibiti byo mu mirima byere imbuto. Nzaha iki gihugu amahoro kandi muzaryama nta wubahindisha umushyitsi. Inyamaswa z’inkazi nzazimara muri iki gihugu, kandi nta nkota izanyura mu gihugu cyanyu. Nzagendera muri mwe mbe Imana yanyu, namwe muzaba ubwoko bwanjye” (Abalewi 26:3, 4, 6, 12). Abisirayeli bari kugira amahoro, kubera ko abanzi babo batari kubagirira nabi. Nanone bari kugira ubutunzi kandi bakagirana ubucuti bukomeye na Yehova. Icyakora ibyo byari gushoboka ari uko bumviye Amategeko ye.—Zaburi 119:165.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Icyorezo
Ingaruka zo kutumvira amategeko y’Imana. Yehova yabwiye Abisirayeli ko nibica isezerano yari yaragiranye na bo, ‘azabateza indwara y’icyorezo’ (Lw 26:14-16, 23-25; Gut 28:15, 21, 22). Iyo Bibiliya ikoresheje ijambo ubuzima, bwaba ubu busanzwe cyangwa ubucuti dufitanye na Yehova, ahanini iba yerekeza ku migisha y’Imana (Gut 7:12, 15; Zb 103:1-3; Img 3:1, 2, 7, 8; 4:21, 22; Ibh 21:1-4). Ariko iyo ikoresheje ijambo uburwayi, iba yerekeza ku cyaha cyangwa kudatungana (Kv 15:26; Gut 28:58-61; Ye 53:4, 5; Mt 9:2-6, 12; Yh 5:14). Ubwo rero rimwe na rimwe Yehova yatezaga abantu uburwayi, urugero nk’ibyabaye kuri Miriyamu, Uziya na Gehazi (Kb 12:10; 2Ng 26:16-21; 2Bm 5:25-27). Nanone birashoboka ko inshuro nyinshi indwara n’ibyorezo byageraga ku bantu cyangwa ku ishyanga, byaterwaga n’ibyaha babaga bakoze. Basaruraga ibyo babaga babibye. Ubwo rero ubuzima bwabo bwarahababariraga bitewe n’ibikorwa bibi babaga bakoze (Gl 6:7, 8). Naho kubihereranye n’abakoraga ibikorwa by’ubusambanyi bw’akahebwe, intumwa Pawulo yagize ati: ‘Imana yarabaretse, ihuje n’ibyifuzo byo mu mitima yabo, bishora mu bikorwa by’umwanda, kugira ngo bateshe agaciro imibiri yabo, maze babone igihembo cyuzuye gikwiranye no kuyoba kwabo.’—Rm 1:24-27.
8-14 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | KUBARA 1-2
“Yehova ashyira kuri gahunda abagaragu be”
Umwanya Ukwiriye wo Kuyoboka Yehova mu Mibereho Yacu
4 Iyo uza kuba ufite ijisho rirebera hejuru nk’iry’inyoni, ukareba Isirayeli ikambitse mu butayu, ni iki wari kubona? Wari kubona umurongo mugari, ariko uri kuri gahunda, w’amahema ashobora kuba yari atuwemo n’abantu bagera kuri miriyoni eshatu cyangwa basaga, bashyizwe hamwe hakurikijwe imitwe y’imiryango itatu, yashyizwe mu majyaruguru, mu majyepfo, i Burasirazuba, n’i Burengerazuba. Iyo uza kurushaho kuhegera, wari kubona irindi tsinda rirushaho kwegera hagati muri iyo nkambi. Ayo matsinda ane y’amahema arushaho kuba mato, yari atuwe n’imiryango yari igize umuryango wa Lewi. Hagati rwose y’inkambi, ahantu hari hagabanijwe n’urukuta rw’umwenda, hari hateye ukwaho. Iryo ni ryo ryari “ihema ry’ibonaniro,” cyangwa ubuturo, ubwo ‘abahanga’ b’Abisirayeli bubatse hakurikijwe igishushanyo mbonera cyatanzwe na Yehova.—Kubara 1:52, 53; 2:3, 10, 17, 18, 25; Kuva 35:10.
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Inkambi
Inkambi y’Abisirayeli yari nini cyane. Mu babaruwe harimo abagabo 603.550 bashoboraga kujya ku rugamba, ukongeraho abagore, abana, abageze mu za bukuru, abamugaye, Abalewi bagera ku 22.000 hamwe n’“imbaga y’abantu” batari Abisirayeli. Bose hamwe bageraga kuri 3.000.000 cyangwa zirenga (Kv 12:38, 44; Kb 3:21-34, 39). Nta muntu uzi neza uko iyo nkambi yanganaga. Inkuru yo muri Bibiliya igaragaza ko igihe Abisirayeli bakambikaga mu bibaya by’i Mowabu ahateganye na Yeriko, inkambi yabo yavaga “i Beti-Yeshimoti ikagera Abeli-Shitimu”—Kb 33:49.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
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Ibarura
Muri rusange iyo abantu bibaruzaga bandikaga amazina yabo n’ibisekuru byabo, bakurikije imiryango yabo n’amazu yabo. Iryo barura ntiryari rigamije gusa kumenya umubare wabo. Ibarura ry’Abisirayeli bose rivugwa muri Bibiliya, ryatumaga bamenya abagomba gutanga umusoro, abajya mu gisirikare n’abagomba gukora mu rusengero (Abalewi ni bo bakoraga mu rusengero).
15-21 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | KUBARA 3-4
“Inshingano z’Abalewi”
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Umutambyi
Mu gihe k’isezerano ry’Amategeko. Igihe Abisirayeli bari abacakara muri Egiputa, Yehova yiyereje imfura zose z’abahungu b’Abisirayeli igihe yarimburaga imfura zose zo muri Egiputa, ku cyago cya cumi (Kv 12:29; Kb 3:13). Uko bigaragara, abo bana bose b’imfura bari aba Yehova kandi bari kuzamukorera imirimo yihariye. Aho kugira ngo Imana itoranye abana bose b’imfura b’Abisirayeli ngo babe abatambyi n’abashinzwe kwita ku yindi mirimo ikorerwa mu rusengero, yatoranyije abo mu muryango wa Lewi. Yehova yemeye ko Abalewi basimbura abana bose b’imfura b’abahungu b’indi miryango 12 (abakomoka kuri Yozefu ari bo Efurayimu na Manase babarwa nk’imiryango ibiri). Ibarura ryagaragaje ko hari abana b’imfura b’igitsina gabo 273 bari bafite kuva ku kwezi kumwe kuzamura, barengaga ku mubare w’Abalewi b’igitsina gabo. Imana yasabye ko buri mwana muri abo 273 yacungurwa hatanzwe shekeli eshanu (amadorari 11). Ayo mafaranga yari guhabwa Aroni n’abahungu be (Kb 3:11-16, 40-51). Mbere yaho, Yehova yari yaratoranyije abagabo bo mu muryango w’Aroni ukomoka kuri Lewi, kugira ngo babe abatambyi muri Isirayeli.—Kb 1:1; 3:6-10.
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Abalewi
Inshingano. Abalewi bari bagizwe n’imiryango itatu yakomokaga ku bahungu ba Lewi. Abo ni Gerushoni, Kohati na Merari (It 46:11; 1Ng 6:1, 16). Igihe bari mu butayu, buri muryango wahabwaga aho kuba hafi y’ihema ry’ibonaniro. Abakohati bakomoka kuri Aroni bakambikaga imbere y’ihema ry’ibonaniro aherekeye mu ruhande rw’iburasirazuba. Abandi Bakohati bakambikaga mu ruhande rw’ihema rureba mu magepfo, Abagerushoni bakambikaga mu ruhande rw’iburengerazuba naho Abamerari bagakambika mu ruhande rureba mu majyaruguru (Kb 3:23, 29, 35, 38). Abalewi bari bashinzwe kwimura ihema, kuriheka no kurishinga. Iyo babaga bagiye kugenda, Aroni n’abahungu be bakuragaho umwenda utandukanya Ahera n’Ahera cyane. Nanone batwikiraga isanduku irimo ibihamya, ibicaniro n’ibindi bikoresho byera. Abakohati ni bo babihekaga. Abagerushoni bahekaga ihema ubwaryo, imyenda yaryo, ibyo kuritwikira, umwenda wo gukinga mu ihema ry’ibonaniro, imyenda y’urugo n’umwenda wo gukinga mu irembo ry’urugo (uko bigaragara wari umwenda w’ihema ubwaryo). Abamerari bo bahekaga ibizingiti, imitambiko, inkingi n’ibisate by’umuringa biciyemo imyobo yo kuzishingamo n’imigozi (iyo ni imigozi y’urugo rwabaga ruzengurutse ihema).—Kb 1:50, 51; 3:25, 26, 30, 31, 36, 37; 4:4-33; 7:5-9.
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Abalewi
Mu gihe cya Mose iyo Umulewi yabaga afite imyaka 30, nibwo yatangiraga gukora inshingano zose. Urugero nko gutwara ihema ry’ibonaniro n’ibikoresho byaryo (Kb 4:46-49). Iyo Umulewi yabaga afite imyaka 25 hari imirimo yatangiraga gukora. Icyakora ntiyakoraga imirimo isaba imbaraga nyinshi, wenda nko guheka ihema ry’ibonaniro (Kb 8:24). Mu gihe cy’Umwami Dawidi, iyo myaka yo gutangira imirimo yaragabanutse igera kuri 20. Dawidi yavuze ko impamvu ari uko batari kongera guheka ihema ry’ibonaniro (ryari ryarasimbuwe n’urusengero). Abalewi bajyaga mu kiruhuko k’izabukuru bafite imyaka 50 (Kb 8:25, 26; 1Ng 23:24-26). Abalewi bagombaga kuba basobanukiwe Amategeko, kubera ko akenshi bayasomeraga mu ruhame kandi bakayigisha rubanda.—1Ng 15:27; 2Ng 5:12; 17:7-9; Nh 8:7-9.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Gira ubwenge kandi utinye Imana
13 Kuba Dawidi yariboneye ukuntu Yehova yamufashije mu gihe cy’amakuba byatumye arushaho gutinya Imana kandi arushaho kuyiringira (Zaburi 31:23-25). Icyakora, hari incuro eshatu Dawidi yateshutse ntiyakomeza gutinya Imana kandi byamuzaniye ingaruka mbi cyane. Ubwa mbere ni igihe yateguraga kujyana isanduku y’isezerano ya Yehova i Yerusalemu, bakayijyana ku igare rikuruwe n’ibimasa aho kuyijyana ku ntugu z’Abalewi nk’uko Amategeko y’Imana yabivugaga. Uza wari uyoboye iryo gare yakoze ku isanduku y’isezerano agira ngo ayiramire, uwo mwanya ahita apfa azize “icyo gikorwa cyo kubahuka.” Koko rero, Uza yakoze icyaha gikomeye nubwo mu by’ukuri ibyo bintu bibabaje byatewe n’uko Dawidi yateshutse ntakomeze kubaha Amategeko y’Imana uko bikwiriye. Gutinya Imana bisobanura gukora ibintu uhuje n’uko ibishaka.—2 Samweli 6:2-9; Kubara 4:15; 7:9.
22-28 GASHYANTARE
UBUTUNZI BWO MU IJAMBO RY’IMANA | KUBARA 5-6
“Wakwigana ute Abanaziri?”
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Umunaziri
Hari ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi uwabaga yarahize umuhigo wo kuba Umunaziri yasabwaga: (1) Yirindaga kunywa ibinyobwa bisindisha, cyangwa kurya ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gikomoka ku muzabibu, yaba imibisi, iyeze, iyumye cyangwa umushari. Nanone ntiyagombaga kunywa ikinyobwa icyo ari cyo cyose gikomoka ku muzabibu. (2) Ntiyagombaga kwiyogoshesha imisatsi yo ku mutwe. (3) Ntiyagombaga gukora ku muntu wapfuye yaba se, nyina, umuvandimwe we cyangwa mushiki we.—Kb 6:1-7.
Umuhigo wihariye. Iyo umuntu yahigaga uwo muhigo yamaraga ‘iminsi yose ari umunaziri wa Yehova’ [ni ukuvuga ko yabaga yariyeguriye Imana, yaratoranyijwe]. Ntiyabikoraga kugira ngo ashimwe n’abantu cyangwa ngo bamurate. Ahubwo ‘iminsi yose yamaraga ari Umunaziri, yabaga ari uwera wa Yehova.’—Kb 6:2, 8; gereranya na It 49:26.
Amategeko Yehova yari yarashyiriyeho Abanaziri, yari yihariye kandi yari afite icyo ashushanya mu birebana no kumusenga. Umutambyi mukuru yakoraga umurimo wera, ni yo mpamvu yirindaga gukora ku wapfuye niyo yaba ari mwene wabo. Uko ni na ko byari bimeze ku Munaziri. Umutambyi mukuru n’abandi batambyi basohozaga inshingano ziremereye. Ubwo rero ntibagombaga kunywa inzoga cyangwa ikindi kinyobwa gisindisha mu gihe babaga bari imbere ya Yehova bakora imirimo yera.—Lw 10:8-11; 21:10, 11.
Ikindi kandi, Umunaziri yagombaga ‘kuba uwera, areka imisatsi yo ku mutwe we igakura,’ kuko icyo cyari ikimenyetso cyatumaga abantu bose bamenya ko ari umunaziri (Kb 6:5). Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo na·zirʹ risobanura Umunaziri, ryerekeza nanone ku mizabibu yabaga ‘itarakonowe’ mu gihe cy’Amasabato yera no mu mwaka ya Yubile (Lw 25:5, 11). Ikindi kintu gishishikaje ni uko ku gisate cya zahabu cyari imbere ku gitambaro umutambyi mukuru yazingiraga ku mutwe, cyabaga cyanditseho ngo: “Kwera ni ukwa Yehova.” Icyo cyari ikimenyetso kera kigaragaza “uweguriwe Imana [ayo magambo mu Giheburayo ni neʹzer, akaba afitanye isano n’ijambo na·zirʹ]” (Kv 39:30, 31). Nanone iryo jambo (neʹzer) ryerekeza ku ikamba abami b’Abisirayeli basutsweho amavuta bambaraga (2Sm 1:10; 2Bm 11:12). Intumwa Pawulo yavuze ko mu itorero rya gikristo umugore yahawe imisatsi ngo imubere umwambaro wo ku mutwe. Ibyo bikaba bimwibutsa ko umwanya afite utandukanye n’uw’umugabo. Ahora azirikana ko akwiriye kugandukira umugabo kuko ari gahunda yashyizweho n’Imana. Ubwo rero amategeko yasabaga kutogosha umusatsi (bikaba ari ibintu bidasanzwe ku mugabo), kutanywa inzoga no kwirinda ikindi kintu cyose cyanduye, byibutsaga Umunaziri wiyeguriye Imana ko agomba kwigomwa kandi agakora ibyo Yehova ashaka byose.—1Kr 11:2-16.
Gucukumbura ibintu by’agaciro byo mu Ijambo ry’Imana
Ibibazo by’abasomyi
Ariko kandi, Ubunaziri bwa Samusoni bwari butandukanye n’ubwo. Mbere y’uko avuka Yehova yohereje marayika ngo agende abwire nyina ati “kuko uzasama inda ukabyara umuhungu. Kandi ntihazagire umwogosha kuko uwo mwana azaba Umunaziri ahereye akiva mu nda ya nyina, kandi ni we uzatangira gukiza Abisirayeli amaboko y’Abafilisitiya” (Abacamanza 13:5). Samusoni ntiyigeze ahiga umuhigo wo kuba Umunaziri. Imana ni yo yamugize Umunaziri kandi yagombaga kuba Umunaziri ubuzima bwe bwose. Itegeko ryo kudakora ku ntumbi ntiryamurebaga. None se iyo aza kuba yarasabwaga kuryubahiriza, agakora ku ntumbi ku buryo bw’impanuka, ni gute yashoboraga kongera gutangira bundi bushya Ubunaziri bw’ubuzima bwe bwose yari yaratangiye kuva akivuka? Biragaragara rero ko ibyasabwaga Umunaziri w’ubuzima bwose byari bitandukanye n’ibyasabwaga uwabaga yahize umuhigo w’Ubunaziri ku bushake bwe.