Igitekerezo gifite ishingiro ni ikihe?
IGIHE ibinyabuzima byatangiraga kubaho ku isi, nta wabirebaga. Nanone nta wigeze abona ikinyabuzima gihinduka ikindi, wenda ngo igikururanda gihinduke inyamabere.a Ku bw’ibyo, kugira ngo tumenye neza inkomoko y’ubuzima, tugomba kwishingikiriza ku bimenyetso bifatika bishobora kuboneka. Dukwiriye kwemera icyo ibyo bimenyetso bigaragaza, aho gushaka kubibyazamo ibyo twe dushaka kumva.
Icyakora, abantu benshi batemera Imana, basuzuma ibimenyetso siyansi itanga bashingiye kuri filozofiya ivuga ko ibinyabuzima byabayeho bidaturutse ku mbaraga ndengakamere. Umwe mu bemera ubwihindurize witwa Richard C. Lewontin, yaravuze ati “dushyigikiye byimazeyo . . . inyigisho ivuga ko ibinyabuzima byabayeho bidaturutse ku mbaraga ndengakamere. Iyo nyigisho ni ukuri kudasubirwaho, kuko tudashobora kwemera Imana.” Ayo magambo agaragaza ko abemera iyo nyigisho, bashyigikira ubwihindurize kuko nta yandi mahitamo bafite.
Abanyamadini na bo bashobora kuba bafite imitekerereze ituma babona ko ibyo siyansi yigisha atari ukuri. Urugero, nk’uko twigeze kubivuga, bamwe mu bemera irema bakomeza gutsimbarara ku nyigisho y’ikinyoma ivuga ko Imana yaremye isi mu minsi itandatu y’amasaha 24, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi ibyo bibaye. Kubera ko biyemeje gutsimbarara kuri iyo mitekerereze, bagerageza gutwerera Bibiliya ibisobanuro idatanga, bitewe n’uko bafata ibivugwa muri Bibiliya uko byakabaye batabisesenguye. (Reba ingingo ivuga ngo “Umunsi uvugwa muri Bibiliya ureshya ute?,” iri ku ipaji ya 9.) Abantu batanga ibisobanuro nk’ibyo bitandukira cyane ibyo Bibiliya cyangwa siyansi bivuga, ntibabona ibisubizo bibanyuze mu gihe basuzuma ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibyo bizera ari ukuri.
Ni ikihe gitekerezo gihuje n’ukuri?
Dore icyo bamwe mu bemera inyigisho y’ubwihindurize bavuze ku birebana n’inkomoko y’urusobe rwa za atome zigize ibinyabuzima:
1. Hari ukuntu ibintu by’ibanze byivanze, maze bibyara amatsinda y’ifatizo ya za atome.
2. Ayo matsinda na yo yaje kwihuza mu buryo bukwiriye, maze amwe avamo ADN, andi avamo ARN cyangwa poroteyine, bifite ubushobozi bwo kubika amabwiriza akenewe kugira ngo hakorwe imirimo y’ingenzi cyane ituma ubuzima bubaho.
3. Hari ukuntu ayo matsinda ya za atome yagiye yihuza mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo agende avamo andi. Ayo matsinda aramutse atavuyemo andi, ubwihindurize ndetse n’ubuzima ubwabwo, ntibwabaho.
Ariko se byagenze bite kugira ngo ayo matsinda ya atome abeho kandi agire ubushobozi butangaje, nta munyabwenge ubigizemo uruhare? Abashakashatsi mu by’ubwihindurize ntibashoboye gutanga ibisobanuro bifatika cyangwa ibisubizo nyabyo ku bibazo abantu bibaza ku birebana n’inkomoko y’ubuzima. Abahakana ko hari Umuremyi wabigizemo uruhare kandi afite icyo agamije, bumva ko amatsinda ya atome n’imbaraga kamere ari byo byakoze ibyo bintu bitirira imbaraga z’Imana.
None se ni iki ibimenyetso biriho bigaragaza? Ibyo bimenyetso bigaragaza ko amatsinda ya za atome adashobora kwiterateranya ngo akore urusobe rw’amoko atandukanye y’ibinyabuzima. Ahubwo amategeko ya fiziki avuga ko ibintu bihambaye, urugero nk’imashini, inzu n’ingirabuzimafatizo, bigenda byangirika.b Nyamara abemera ubwihindurize bavuga ko atari uko bigenda. Urugero, hari igitabo kivuga ko ubwihindurize bwabayeho bitewe n’uko isi “ibona ingufu nyinshi zituruka ku zuba, maze izo ngufu zigatuma harushaho kubaho urusobe rw’ibintu.”—Evolution for Dummies.
Nta wahakana ko hakenerwa ingufu runaka kugira ngo ibintu biri mu kaduruvayo bijye kuri gahunda, urugero nko kubaka inzu ukoresheje amatafari, ibiti n’imisumari. Ariko kandi, izo ngufu zigomba kugenzurwa mu buryo bwitondewe kandi zigakoreshwa neza, kuko ziramutse zitagenzuwe zatuma ibintu byangirika vuba, nk’uko ingufu z’izuba n’imiterere y’ikirere bishobora gutuma inzu yangirika vuba.c Abemera ubwihindurize ntibashobora gusobanura neza ukuntu ingufu zigenzurwa ku buryo zituma ibintu byiterateranya.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo dusobanukiwe ko ubuzima n’isanzure ry’ikirere byabayeho biturutse ku Muremyi w’umunyabwenge ufite “imbaraga nyinshi,” dushobora gusobanura urusobe rw’amabwiriza atuma habaho ubuzima. Nanone, tuba dushobora gusobanura iby’ingufu ziri mu rugero rukwiriye zikoresha ibintu bitandukanye, uhereye ku matsinda manini y’inyenyeri ukageza kuri za atome zitabonwa n’amaso.d—Yesaya 40:26.
Nanone, imyizerere ivuga ko hariho Umuremyi, ihuje n’igitekerezo cyemerwa n’abantu benshi muri iki gihe cy’uko isanzure ryagize intangiriro. Mu Ntangiriro 1:1, hagira hati “mu ntangiriro Imana yaremye ijuru n’isi.”
Uko hagenda havumburwa ibintu bishya, ni na ko gusobanura inyigisho ivuga ko ibinyabuzima byabayeho bidaturutse ku mbaraga ndengakamere, bigenda birushaho kugorana. Ibyo byatumye bamwe mu bantu batemera Imana bisubiraho.e Koko rero, bamwe mu bantu batemeraga Imana bageze aho bemera ko ibintu bitangaje biri mu isanzure, ari gihamya igaragaza “imico itaboneka” y’Umuremyi wacu Yehova Imana, n’‘ububasha bwe bw’iteka’ (Abaroma 1:20). Ese waba wifuza gusuzuma icyo gitekerezo mu buryo bwimbitse kurushaho? Nta yindi ngingo yagombye kugushishikaza, cyangwa ngo ibe yakugiraho ingaruka kurusha iyo.f
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
a Nubwo umuhanga mu by’ibinyabuzima witwa Ernst Mayr yemeraga ubwihindurize, yiyemereye ko “hari aho ibisigazwa by’inyamaswa bitagaragaza neza uko inyamaswa zagiye zihinduriza,” kuko hari amoko mashya y’inyamaswa atazwi uko yabayeho.
b Uko kwangirika guterwa n’icyo abahanga mu bya siyansi bita itegeko rya kabiri ry’ishami rya fiziki ryiga iby’ingufu. Iryo tegeko rivuga muri make ko ubusanzwe ibintu biri kuri gahunda bigenda byangirika, bikava kuri gahunda.
c Imiterere ya ADN ishobora guhinduka, bitewe n’imirase hamwe n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo mu rwego rwa shimi. Ariko ibyo ntibituma habaho ubwoko bushya bw’ibinyabuzima.—Reba ingingo ivuga ngo “Ese ubwihindurize bwabayeho koko?,” yasohotse mu igazeti ya Nimukanguke! yo muri Nzeri 2006 (mu gifaransa).
d Reba igitabo Y a-t-il un Créateur qui se soucie de vous?, cyanditswe n’Abahamya ba Yehova.
e Reba ingingo ivuga ngo “Sinemeraga Imana,” yasohotse mu igazeti ya Nimukanguke! yo mu Gushyingo 2010, mu gifaransa.
f Niba wifuza ibindi bisobanuro ku birebana n’irema hamwe n’ubwihindurize, reba agatabo Ese ubuzima bwabayeho biturutse ku irema?, n’akandi kavuga ngo “Cinq questions à se poser sur l’origine de la vie,” twanditswe n’Abahamya ba Yehova.
[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 8]
ESE ABANTU BAGENDA BIHINDURIZA CYANGWA BARANGIRIKO?
Bamwe mu bahanga mu bya siyansi bahangayikishijwe cyane n’uko ADN iba mu ngirabuzimafatizo y’umuntu, igenda yangirika bitewe n’ihinduka ry’imiterere yayo cyangwa ubundi busembwa. Ibyo bibaye ari ukuri, byaba bivuguruza igitekerezo cy’uko ubuzima bw’umuntu bugenda bwihinduriza cyangwa bwivugurura. Ariko se niba Imana ari yo yaremye ADN y’umuntu, kuki iyo ADN ifite ubusembwa? Bibiliya itanga igisubizo siyansi idashobora gutanga. Ivuga ko kuba abantu badatunganye byatewe n’uko bakoze icyaha, bagasuzugura Imana. Mu Baroma 5:12, hagira hati ‘icyaha cyinjiye mu isi binyuze ku muntu umwe [ari we Adamu], n’urupfu rwinjira mu isi binyuze ku cyaha.’ Ku bw’ibyo, kuba ADN igenda yangirika, bishyigikira ibyo Bibiliya ivuga, bikavuguruza inyigisho y’ubwihindurize. None se ibyo byumvikanisha ko ADN y’umuntu izakomeza kugenda yangirika? Oya. Imana yasezeranyije ko izagira icyo ikora, igakemura ibibazo by’abantu maze igakuraho ibibi byose twatejwe n’ababyeyi bacu ba mbere. Koko rero, Umuremyi wacu ni we uzatunganya ADN yacu; ntibizagerwaho bitewe n’ubwihindurize.—Ibyahishuwe 21:3, 4.
[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 9]
UMUNSI UVUGWA MURI BIBILIYA URESHYA UTE?
Muri Bibiliya, ijambo “umunsi” ryerekeza ku bihe bitandukanye. Urugero, mu Ntangiriro 2:4, herekeza ku ‘minsi’ itandatu Imana yamaze irema, havuga ko ari ‘umunsi Yehova Imana yaremeyeho isi n’ijuru.’ Birumvikana ko buri munsi wamaraga igihe kirekire. Birashishikaje kuba Bibiliya ivuga ko buri munsi muri ya “minsi” itandatu wagize iherezo, ariko ikaba itavuga ko umunsi wa karindwi wagize iherezo. Kubera iki? Ni uko na n’ubu ugikomeza.—Intangiriro 2:3; Abaheburayo 4:4-6, 11.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 8]
Iyo ibintu bititaweho bitangira kwangirika
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 8 n’iya 9]
Imbaraga z’Imana n’indi imico yayo bigaragarira mu isanzure ry’ikirere