NSOLO 4

“Anthu Ene Pyawo Akuti Nee Apfundza”

Apostolo acita pinthu mwacipapo, natenepa Yahova aapasa nkhombo

Mphangwa zakubuluswa m’bukhu ya Mabasa 3:1–5:11

1, 2. Ndi cirengo cipi cidacita Pedhru na Juwau dhuzi na nsuwo wa Yerusalemu?

NAMAULO dzuwa ikhapangiza ceza pana mwinji. Ayuda aphinga na anyakupfundza a Kristu apita mu templo. “Ndzidzi wakucita phembero” ukhadasala pang’ono toera ukwane.a (Mabasa 2:46; 3:1) Pakati pa mwinji, Pedhru na Juwau aenda kukhundu ya nsuwo wa templo unacemerwa Wakubalika. Mu ndzidzi wakuti anthu akhacedza, pontho mu ndzidzi wakuti dzumbi yakufamba kwa anthu ikhabveka, kwabvekambo fala ya munthu wakugwesera wakuti abalwa wakulamala. Iye akhaphemba-phemba pinthu.—Mabasa 3:2; 4:22.

² Mu ndzidzi wakuti Pedhru na Juwau akhafendedzera dhuzi, nyakuphemba-phemba unoyu aphatisira mafala mabodzi ene toera kuaphemba kobiri. Pedhru na Juwau alimira, mbacitisa munthu unoyu kunyerezera kuti mbadapaswa cinthu. Pedhru alonga: “Ine nkhabe parata nee ouro, mbwenye ndinakupasa ciri na ine. Mu dzina ya Yezu Kristu wa ku Nazareti, ine ndinakupanga kuti, lamuka ufambe!” Nyerezerani kudzumatirwa kudakhala na mwinji pidaona iwo Pedhru mbaphata djanja ya mamuna unoyu wakulamala, mbakwanisa kukhala dzololo peno wakulimira paulendo wakutoma mu umaso wace! (Mabasa 3:6, 7) Nyerezerani kutsandzaya kudakhala na mamuna unoyu pidaona iye kuti awangiswa, pontho kuti akutoma kufamba ekhene na miyendo yace! Mwakukhonda penula, iye atoma kunumpha-numpha mbasimba Mulungu mwakugaluza kakamwe!

3. Ndi muoni upi wakupambulika udatambira mwinji pabodzi na munthu adalamala?

³ Thangwi yakudzumatirwa na cirengo ceneci, mwinji wathamanga mbuenda pana Pedhru na Juwau pa khonde ya Salomoni. Mbuto ineyi ikhali ibodzi ene ikhapfundzisa Yezu, Pedhru apanga mwinji mabvekero andimomwene a cirengo cikhadamala iye kucita. (Juw. 10:23) Iye apasa mwinji na mamuna wakuti akhadamala kwene kuwangiswa muoni wakufunika kakamwe kupiringana parata peno ouro. Muoni unoyu ukhali ukulu kakamwe kupiringana kukhala na ungumi wadidi. Muoni unoyu ukhali mwai wakutcunyuka, wa kulekererwa madawo awo na wakukhala anyakupfundza a ule “Anatsogolera Anthu ku umaso” adasankhulwa na Yahova wakuti ndi Yezu Kristu.—Mabasa 3:15.

4. (a) Kodi kuwangiswa kudacitwa nyakulamala kwatomesa uviyaviya upi? (b) Ndi mibvundzo ipi miwiri yakuti tinaitawira?

⁴ Ikhali ntsiku yakutsandzayisa! Munthu awangiswa, mbakwanisa kufamba. Anthu anango azinji apaswa mwai wakuwangiswa mwauzimu toera akwanise kucita pinthu mwakubverana na cifuniro ca Mulungu. (Akol. 1:9, 10) Kusiyapo pyenepi, pinthu pidacitika pa ntsiku ineyi pyacitisa kuti atowereri akukhulupirika a Kristu akhonde kubverana na anthu a cidzo akuti mbadayesera kuapingiza toera acimwane kubvera ntemo wa Yezu wakumwaza mphangwa za Umambo. (Mabasa 1:8) Tisapfundzanji na njira idaphatisira Pedhru na Juwau akuti akhali “anthu ene pyawo akuti nee apfundza” toera akwanise kupereka umboni kuna mwinji?b (Mabasa 4:13) Pontho tinapangiza tani cipapo ninga cidapangiza Pedhru, Juwau na anyakupfundza anango mu ndzidzi ukhatcingwa iwo?

Nee “Tamuwangisa na Mphambvu Zathu” (Mabasa 3:11-26)

5. Tisapfundzanji na njira idalonga Pedhru kuna mwinji?

⁵ Pedhru na Juwau akhala dzololo pakati pa mbumba, pontho iwo akhadziwa kuti panango anango mwa anthu akhali penepo akhadaphemba toera Yezu aphiwe mu ntsiku zingasi nduli. (Marko 15:8-15; Mabasa 3:13-15) Nyerezerani cipapo cidakhala na Pedhru pidalonga iye kuti mamuna wakulamala akhadawangiswa mu dzina ya Yezu. Pedhru nee abisa undimomwene. Iye alonga mwacipapo mulando ukhali na anango pakati pa mwinji thangwi yakuphedzera kwawo kuphiwa kwa Kristu. Mbwenye Pedhru nee akhali wakuipirwa kakamwe na anthu anewa, thangwi iwo ‘akhadacita pyenepi thangwi yakukhonda dziwa.’ (Mabasa 3:17) Iye alonga nawo ninga abale mbaikha manyerezero ace ku mphangwa zadidi za Umambo. Iwo mbadatcunyuka mbapangiza cikhulupiro kuna Kristu, mbadatambira “midzidzi yacibalangazo” yakubuluka kuna Yahova. (Mabasa 3:19) Munjira ibodzi ene, tisafunika kukhala acipapo pakumwaza mphangwa zakutonga kwa Mulungu kunafuna kucita iye ntsogolo. Mu ndzidzi ubodzi ene, nee tisafunika kulonga mwaukali, mwanthonga peno kusandika anthu. Mbwenye ale anamwazira ife mphangwa zadidi tisafunika kuaona ninga abale, pontho ninga Pedhru, ife tisaikha manyerezero athu ku mphangwa zadidi za Umambo.

6. Pedhru na Juwau apangiza tani kucepeseka?

⁶ Apostolo anewa akhali anthu akucepeseka. Iwo nee apasika mbiri thangwi ya cirengo cidacita iwo. Pedhru apanga mwinji: “Thangwi yanji musatiyangʼana ninga kuti tamuwangisa na mphambvu zathu peno thangwi yakutumikira kwathu Mulungu?” (Mabasa 3:12) Pedhru na apostolo anango akhadziwa kuti pinthu pyadidi pikhacita iwo mu utumiki pikhakwanisika basi ene na mphambvu za Mulungu, tayu na mphambvu zawo. Na thangwi ineyi, mwakucepeseka iwo apereka mbiri yonsene kuna Yahova na Yezu thangwi ya pidacita iwo.

7, 8. (a) Ndi muoni upi wakuti tinakwanisa kupasa anthu? (b) Kodi pikiro ‘ya ‘kusasanyira papswa pinthu pyonsene’ ikukwanirisika tani lero?

⁷ Ife tisafunikambo kukhala akucepeseka pakucita basa yakumwaza mphangwa za Umambo. Ndimomwene kuti lero nzimu wa Mulungu nkhabe kupasa Akristu mphambvu zakuwangisa anthu mwacirengo. Ngakhale tenepo, tinakwanisa kuphedza anthu toera akulise cikhulupiro kuna Mulungu na Kristu mbatambirambo muoni ubodzi ene udapereka Pedhru kuna mwinji wakukhala na mwai wa kulekererwa madawo awo na kupaswa cibalangazo na Yahova. Pyaka pyonsene, pikwi pizinji pya anthu asatawira muoni unoyu mbakhala anyakupfundza a Kristu.

⁸ Mwakukhonda penula, ife tikukhala mu ndzidzi wakuti Pedhru aucemera “ndzidzi wakusasanyira papswa pinthu pyonsene.” Toera kukwanirisa mafala adalonga “Mulungu kubulukira mwa aprofeta ace akukhulupirika akale,” Umambo wa Mulungu wakhazikiswa kudzulu mu caka 1914. (Mabasa 3:21; Mas. 110:1-3; Dhan. 4:16, 17) Pakupita ndzidzi ungasi, Kristu aphedza anyakupfundzace toera kusasanyira papswa ulambiri wandimomwene pa dziko yapantsi. Pyenepi pyacitisa kuti anthu azinji acite khundu ya paraizu yauzimu, mbacita khundu ya anthu anafuna kudzatongwa na Umambo wa Mulungu. Iwo adula uunthu wakale na wakupswipisika wa dziko ‘mbabvala uunthu upswa udacitwa mwakubverana na cifuno ca Mulungu.’ (Aef. 4:22-24) Sawasawa na kuwangiswa kwa mamuna ule wakulamala, basa yakutsandzayisa yakumwaza mphangwa nee isacitwa na mphambvu za anthu, mbwenye isacitwa na ciphedzo ca nzimu wa Mulungu. Ninga Pedhru, mwacipapo tisafunika kuphatisira mwadidi Mafala a Mulungu toera kupfundzisa anango. Tingakwanisa kuphedza anthu kukhala anyakupfundza a Kristu nee tisafunika kuona kuti tacita pyenepi na mphambvu zathu, mbwenye tisafunika kudziwa kuti basi ene pyakwanisika na mphambvu za Mulungu.

“Ife Nee Tinasiya Kulonga” (Mabasa 4:1-22)

9-11. (a) Ndi mabvero api adakhala na atsogoleri Aciyuda pidabva iwo mphangwa zikhamwaza Pedhru na Juwau? (b) Kodi apostolo akhali dzololo toera kucitanji?

⁹ Nkhani idacita Pedhru na kuwangiswa kwa mamuna wakulamala adanumpha mbakhuwa mwakutsandzaya pyacitisa anthu azinji kudzumatirwa. Natenepa nyakuonera templo adakhazikiswa toera kuonera mbuto ya pa templo pabodzi na akulu a anyantsembe ayesera kufufudza toera kudziwa pyenepi mwakucimbiza. Panango amuna anewa akhali Asadhuki akuti akhali a nsoka ubodzi wa uphemberi wakuti ukhali wakupfuma, pontho ukhali na cidzo kakamwe kukhundu ya ndale akuti akhawangisira toera akhale pa ntendere na Aroma. Iwo nee akhatawirambo miyambo yakulemedzwa kakamwe na Afarisi, pontho akhapwaza cikhulupiro cakulamuswa kwa anthu muli akufa.c Nyerezerani kuipirwa kudakhala na iwo pidagumana iwo Pedhru na Juwau mu templo mbapfundzisa anthu mwacipapo kuti Yezu alamuswa muli akufa!

¹⁰ Anyakutcinga aipirwa mbaikhisa Pedhru na Juwau nkaidi, pontho mangwana mwace aaendesa ku Thando Yakutongera Miseru ya Ciyuda mwakuakakamiza. Atongi anewa akuipa akhaona Pedhru na Juwau ninga “anthu ene pyawo akuti nee apfundza,” pontho akuti nee akhali na ufulu wakupfundzisa mu templo. Iwo nee akhadapfundza maxikola akudziwika a uphemberi. Mbwenye cipapo cawo na cinyindiro cikhali na iwo pyadzumatirisa kakamwe anyakutonga pa Thando Yakutongera Miseru. Ninji pidaphedza Pedhru na Juwau toera kulonga mwadidi? Thangwi ibodzi ndi yakuti iwo “akhali pabodzi na Yezu.” (Mabasa 4:13) Mpfundzisi wawo akhadaapfundzisa mwadidi kakamwe mwakusiyana na pikhacita apfundzisi a mwambo.—Mat. 7:28, 29.

¹¹ Thando Yakutongera Miseru yatonga kuti apostolo akhafunika kusiya basa yawo yakumwaza mphangwa. Mu ndzidzi unoyu, ntemo wakukhazikiswa pa thando ukhalemedzwa kakamwe thangwi m’masumana mangasi basi nduli, pa ntsiku idaendeswa Yezu pa thando ineyi, anyakutonga miseru alonga: “Iye athema kuphiwa.” (Mat. 26:59-66) Ngakhale tenepo, Pedhru na Juwau nee agopa. Patsogolo pa amuna anewa akupfuma, akupfundza mwadidi, pontho a cidzo kakamwe, Pedhru na Juwau aapanga mwakukhonda gopa na mwacilemedzo: “Longani ndimwe khala mphyakuthema pamaso pa Mulungu kubvera imwe mbatikhonda kubvera Mulungu. Mbwenye ife nee tinasiya kulonga pinthu pidaona ife na pidabva ife.”—Mabasa 4:19, 20.

NYANTSEMBE WANKULU NA AKULU A ANYANTSEMBE

Nyantsembe wankulu akhaimirira mbumba kuna Mulungu. Mu ndzidzi wa apostolo, iye akhatsogolerambo pa Thando Yakutongera Miseru. Pakati pa atsogoleri Aciyuda pakhalimbo na akulu a anyantsembe. Anthu akhacita khundu ya nsoka unoyu akhali ale akuti kale akhali akulu a anyantsembe ninga Anasi na amuna anango adabuluka m’mabanja, akuti ndi mwenemo mukhasankhulwa akulu anyantsembe. Pisaoneka kuti akhasankhulwa basi ene akhali mabanja manai peno maxanu. Nyakulemba mphangwa zakale anacemerwa Emil Schürer alemba: “Khala munthu m’bodzi abuluka m’mabanja anewa adasankhulwa, iye akhalemedzwa kakamwe kupiringana anango.”

Bhibhlya isalonga kuti akulu anyantsembe akhafunika kutumikira m’basa ineyi mu umaso wawo onsene. (Num. 35:25) Mbwenye mu ndzidzi udacitika pinthu pinalongwa m’bukhu ya Mabasa, atongi Aciroma na amambo akuti akhatonga thangwi yakutawiriswa na Aroma, akhabulusa na kukhazikisa akulu anyantsembe ninga mukhafunira iwo. Pisaoneka kuti atongi anewa akukhonda khulupira, mu ndzidzi ukhasankhula iwo akulu anyantsembe, iwo akhasankhula basi ene anthu a dzindza ya Aroni

12. Ninji pinafuna kutiphedza toera kukulisa cipapo na cinyindiro?

¹² Kodi imwe munakwanisambo kupangiza cipapo ceneci? Ndi mabvero api anakhala na imwe mungakhala na mwai wakupereka umboni kuna anthu akupfuma, akupfundza mwadidi, pontho a mphambvu kakamwe a ncisa canu? Munacitanji m’baleanu, ndzanu wa kuxikola peno wakubasa angakusingirirani thangwi ya pinakhulupira imwe? Kodi imwe munagopa? Khala munagopa, dziwani kuti munakwanisa kumalisa mabvero anewa. Pikhali Yezu pa dziko yapantsi, iye apfundzisa apostolo ace kuti anatsidzikiza tani pikhulupiro pyawo mwacinyindiro na mwacilemedzo. (Mat. 10:11-18) Pidalamuswa iye muli akufa, Yezu apikira kuna anyakupfundzace kuti mbadapitiriza kukhala na iwo “ntsiku zonsene mpaka kumala kwa makhaliro a dziko.” (Mat. 28:20) Yezu asatsogolera “m’bandazi wakukhulupirika na wandzeru” toera kutipfundzisa kuti tinatsidzikiza tani pinthu pinakhulupira ife. (Mat. 24:45-47; 1 Ped. 3:15) Tisatambira cipfundziso ceneci pa misonkhano ya mpingo ninga nsonkhano wa Umaso Wathu Wacikristu na Utumiki na mabukhu akubuluswa m’Bhibhlya ninga misolo inagumanika mu saiti jw.org pa khundu yakuti “Kutawirwa Kwa Mibvundzo ya Bhibhlya.” Kodi imwe musaphatisira mwadidi masasanyiro anewa? Mungacita pyenepi, cipapo na cinyindiro canu cinathimizirika. Pontho, ninga apostolo cipo munatawirisa nee cinthu cibodzi cikupingizeni kulonga pya undimomwene wauzimu wakudzumatirisa ‘udaona imwe na udabva imwe.’

Mulongo akupereka umboni kuna ndzace wa kubasa mu ndzidzi wakupuma. — Lekani kutawirisa nee cinthu cibodzi cikucimwaniseni kulonga undimomwene wakutsandzayisa udapfundza imwe

“Onsene Aphembera . . . Kuna Mulungu” (Mabasa 4:23-31)

13, 14. Tisafunika kucitanji tingatcingwa, pontho thangwi yanji?

¹³ Mwakukhonda dembuka pidabuluswa iwo nkaidi, Pedhru na Juwau agumanyikana na abale anango a mu mpingo. Onsene “aphembera . . . kuna Mulungu,” mbamphemba toera akhale na cipapo toera kupitiriza kumwaza mphangwa. (Mabasa 4:24) Pedhru akhadziwa mwadidi kuti tingafuna kucita cifuno ca Mulungu nee tisafunika kunyindira basi ene mphambvu zathu. Masumana mangasi nduli, iye akhadalonga mwacinyindiro kuna Yezu: “Ngakhale kuti onsene akuthaweni, ine cipo ndinadzakuthawani!” Mbwenye ninga pikhadalonga Yezu, mwakukhonda dembuka Pedhru agopa anthu mbakhonda xamwali wace na mpfundzisi wace. Natenepa Pedhru apfundza na madodo ace.—Mat. 26:33, 34, 69-75.

¹⁴ Toera kukhala mboni wa Yezu imwe musafunika kucita pizinji kupiringana kukhala na cifuno basi. Anyakutcinga angayesera kufudza cikhulupiro canu, peno angayesera kukupingizani kumwaza mphangwa, towezerani citsandzo ca Pedhru na Juwau. Citani phembero kuna Yahova toera akupaseni mphambvu, pontho sakani ciphedzo mu mpingo. Pangani akulu a mpingo na Akristu anango akukola mwauzimu nyatwa zinatamba imwe. Maphembero anacita abale athu anatipasa mphambvu toera kupirira nyatwa.—Aef. 6:18; Tiya. 5:16.

15. Thangwi yanji ale akuti akhadasiya pang’ono kumwaza mphangwa nkhabe funika kutsukwala?

¹⁵ Khala ndzidzi unango mwagopa mbamusiya kumwaza mphangwa, lekani kutsukwala. Kumbukani kuti apostolo onsene akhadasiyambo kumwaza mphangwa ndzidzi ungasi pidamala kwene Yezu kuphiwa, mbwenye mwakukhonda dembuka adzatoma pontho kumwaza mphangwa mwaphinga. (Mat. 26:56; 28:10, 16-20) M’mbuto mwakutawirisa kuti madodo adacita imwe kale akutsukwaliseni, kodi imwe munakwanisa kupfundza na madodo anu mbamuphatisira pidapfundza imwe toera kuwangisa anango?

16, 17. Tisapfundzanji na phembero idacitwa na atowereri a Kristu mu Yerusalemu?

¹⁶ Tisafunika kulonganji m’maphembero athu mautongi angatitcinga? Onani kuti anyakupfundza a Yezu nee aphemba toera akhonde kugumana pinentso. Iwo akhadziwa mwadidi cenjezo idapereka Yezu: “Khala iwo anditcinga, iwo anadzakutcinganimbo.” (Juw. 15:20) M’mbuto mwace, anyakupfundza anewa akukhulupirika aphemba Yahova toera ‘aone’ kuthabuswa kunacitwa iwo na anyakutcinga. (Mabasa 4:29) Anyakupfundza akhadziwa kuti cifuniro ca Mulungu cikhali cakufunika kakamwe. Iwo akhadziwa kuti pikhatcingwa iwo, pikhakwanirisa profesiya. Iwo akhadziwa kuti, nakuti Yezu akhadaapfundzisa kucita phembero, cifuniro ca Mulungu mbicidacitwa ‘pa dziko yapantsi’ mwakukhonda tsalakana pinthu pinafuna kulonga atongi a dziko.—Mat. 6:9, 10.

¹⁷ Toera kucita cifuniro ca Mulungu, anyakupfundza acita phembero kuna Yahova: “Phedzani atumiki anu toera apitirize kulonga mafalanu na cipapo consene.” Ndi ntawiro upi udapereka Yahova? Mwakukhonda dembuka “mbuto idagumanyikana iwo yatekenyeka, penepo onsene adzala na nzimu wakucena, mbatoma kulonga mafala a Mulungu mwacipapo.” (Mabasa 4:29-31) Nkhabepo cinthu cakuti cinakwanisa kupingiza toera cifuniro ca Mulungu cikhonde kucitika. (Iza. 55:11) Ngakhale mitcingo ikhale mikulu, peno nyamalwa akhale wamphambvu kakamwe, ife tingacita phembero kuna Mulungu wathu, tinakwanisa kukhala na cinyindiro cakuti iye anadzatipasa mphambvu toera tipitirize kumwaza mphangwa mwacipapo.

“Nee Wanyengeza Anthu, Mbwenye Wanyengeza Mulungu” (Mabasa 4:32–5:11)

18. Kodi Akristu a mu mpingo wa Yerusalemu akhacitanji kuna unango na ndzace?

¹⁸ Mpingo upswa udakhazikiswa mu Yerusalemu ukhali na anthu akupiringana 5.000.d Ngakhale kuti anyakupfundza abuluka m’mbuto zakusiyana-siyana, mbwenye iwo akhali na “ntima ubodzi ene.” Iwo akhali akuphatana na a manyerezero mabodzi ene. (Mabasa 4:32; 1 Akor. 1:10) Anyakupfundza akhacita pizinji kupiringana basi ene kuphemba Yahova toera apase nkhombo kuwangisira kwawo. Iwo akhawangisana mwacikhulupiro unango na ndzace, pontho akhapasana pinthu pingafunika. (1 Juw. 3:16-18) Mwacitsandzo, nyakupfundza Zuze wakuti apostolo akhancemera Bharnabhe, agulisa khundu ibodzi ya munda wace mbapereka kobiri ineyi na ntima onsene toera kuphedza anthu adabuluka kutali. Natenepa iwo mbadakwanisa kukhala mu ndzidzi uzinji mu Yerusalemu toera kupfundza pizinji thangwi ya cikhulupiro cawo cipswa.

19. Thangwi yanji Yahova apha Ananiya na Safira?

¹⁹ Banja ya Ananiya na Safira yagulisambo munda mbicita cakupereka. Ananiya na Safira alonga kuti apereka kobiri yonsene; mbwenye iwo ‘abisa ncibisobiso kobiri inango.’ (Mabasa 5:2) Yahova apha banja ineyi, iye acita pyenepi tayu thangwi kobiri idapereka iwo ndi yakucepa, mbwenye aapha thangwi cifuno cawo cakupasa cikhali cakuipa, pontho iwo akhali anyauthambi. Iwo ‘nee anyengeza anthu, mbwenye anyengeza Mulungu.’ (Mabasa 5:4) Sawasawa na ampfakafaka adasandika Yezu, Ananiya na Safira akhadzudzumika kakamwe na kusaka mbiri ya anthu, mbuto mwakukhala akutawirika kuna Mulungu.—Mat. 6:1-3.

20. Tisapfundzanji thangwi ya pinthu pinapasa ife Yahova?

²⁰ Sawasawa ninga anyakupfundza akukhulupirika akuti akhapasa mwakudzala manja mu ndzidzi wa apostolo, pikwi na pikwi pya Mboni za Yahova asaphedzera basa yakumwaza mphangwa pa dziko yonsene yapantsi na pyakupereka pyawo mwakufuna. Nee m’bodzi wakuti asakakamizwa toera kuphatisira ndzidzi peno kobiri yace toera kuphedzera basa ineyi. Mwandimomwene, Yahova nkhabe funa kuti tintumikire mwakukhonda kufuna kwathu peno mwakukakamizwa. (2 Akor. 9:7) Tingapasa Yahova pinthu, iye nee asakomerwa na kunjipa kwa pinthu pyenepi, mbwenye asakomerwa na cinaticitisa kumpasa. (Marko 12:41-44) Ife nkhabe funika kukhala ninga Ananiya na Safira, kutumikira Mulungu toera tikhale akubvekera peno toera anango atipase mbiri. Mbwenye ninga Pedhru, Juwau na Bharnabhe tisafuna kuti kutumikira kwathu Yahova ndzidzi onsene kukulumizwe na ufuni wandimomwene kuna iye na kuna anthu andzathu.—Mat. 22:37-40.

PEDHRU WAKUTI AKHALI NYAKUSODZA NYAMA ZA M’MADZI ADZAKHALA MPOSTOLO WAPHINGA

Pedhru asadziwika na madzina maxanu m’Bhibhlya. Iye asadziwika na dzina yakuti Simiyau n’Cihebheri, n’Cigerego asadziwika na Simau, asacemerwambo Pedhru yakuti mu Ciaramaki ndi Kefa. Iye asadziwikambo na Simau Pedhru kwakuti ndi kubvungazwa kwa madzina mawiri ene.—Mat. 10:2; Juw. 1:42; Mabasa 15:14.

Pedhru akhali wakumanga banja, pontho panyumba pace akakhala na m’bale wace na mebzwalace. (Marko 1:29-31) Iye akhali nyakusodza wa m’madzi wa ku Bhetisaidha, nzinda wakuti ukhagumanika kumadokero a Bara ya Galileya. (Juw. 1:44) Mukupita kwa ndzidzi, iye aenda kakhala dhuzi na Kafarnau. (Luka 4:31, 38) Yezu akhali m’bote ya Pedhru mu ndzidzi ukhalonga iye na mwinji ukhali kuntunda unango wa Bara ya Galileya. Mwakukhonda dembuka, mwakubverana na pidalonga Yezu na cirengo cidacitika, Pedhru aphata nyama zizinji. Natenepa Pedhru agopa kakamwe, mbwenye Yezu ampanga: “Leka kugopa. Kutomera lero iwe unadzakhala nyakusodza anthu.” (Luka 5:1-11) Pedhru akhasodza pabodzi na m’bale wace Andreya, kuphatanizambo Tiyago na Juwau. Onsene unai wawo asiya basa yawo yakusodza m’madzi pidatawira iwo ncemerero wa Yezu toera kukhala anyakupfundzace. (Mat. 4:18-22; Marko 1:16-18) Pakupita caka cibodzi, Pedhru adzakhala m’bodzi mwa anthu 12 adasankhulwa na Yezu toera kukhala “apostolo,” yakuti isabveka “anyakutumwa.”—Marko 3:13-16.

Yezu akhasankhula Pedhru, Tiyago na Juwau toera amperekere m’midzidzi yakupambulika. Iwo aona kucinjika kwa Yezu, kulamuswa kwa mwanantsikana wa Jairo, pontho aona kutsukwala kwa Yezu m’munda wa Getsemani. (Mat. 17:1, 2; 26:36-46; Marko 5:22-24, 35-42; Luka 22:39-46) Utatu wawo kuphatanizambo Andreya abvundza Yezu thangwi ya cidzindikiro cakuonekera kwace.—Marko 13:1-4.

Pedhru akhali munthu wakukakamira maonero, waphinga, pontho midzidzi inango akhacita pinthu mwakukhonda nyerezera. Iye ndzidzi onsene ndiye akhatoma kulonga pakati pa apostolo andzace. M’Maevanjelyu musagumanika mafala mazinji kakamwe a Pedhru kupiringana mafala a apostolo anango 11. Kazinji kene ndi Pedhru akhacita mibvundzo, maseze anango akhapitiriza kukhala akumatama. (Mat. 15:15; 18:21; 19:27-29; Luk. 12:41; Juw. 13:36-38) Ndiye akhadakhonda kutsukwa miyendo na Yezu, mbwenye pidasandikwa iye adzatawira mbaphemba toera Yezu atsukembo manjace na nsolo wace!—Juw. 13:5-10.

Mabvero akuwanga acitisa Pedhru kupanga Yezu kuti iye nee asafunika kuthabuka peno kuphiwa. Mwacipapo Yezu ansandika thangwi ya kunyerezera kwace mwakuphonyeka. (Mat. 16:21-23) Pa masiku akumalisa a Yezu pa dziko yapantsi, Pedhru alonga kuti maseze apostolo anango onsene athawe Yezu, iye cipo mbadanthawa. Mbwenye Yezu pidaphatwa iye na anyamalwace, Pedhru apangiza cipapo toera kutsidzikiza Yezu na supada, pontho patsogolo pace antowera mpaka pa kintalo ya nyantsembe wankulu. Mbwenye pakupita ndzidzi wakucepa, Pedhru akhonda Mpfundzisi wace katatu, mbwenye pidadzindikira iye kuti adawa, alira kakamwe.—Mat. 26:31-35, 51, 52, 69-75.

Pidafa Yezu mbalamuswa muli akufa, apostolo aenda ku Galileya. Mu ndzidzi ukhali iwo kweneko, Pedhru apanga apostolo andzace kuti ali kuenda kasodza m’madzi, natenepa apostolo anango aenda pabodzi na iye. Yezu aonekera kuna iwo ku bara, Pedhru pidadzindikira iye Yezu, iye anumpha m’bote ikhali iye mwakucimbiza mbatoma kusambirira mpaka pakhali Yezu. Mu ndzidzi ukhadya apostolo ntsomba zidaaotcera Yezu. Iye abvundza Pedhru khala iye akhanfuna kakamwe kupiringana “izi” zakuti ndi ntsomba zikhali na iwo penepo. Yezu akhapanga Pedhru toera asankhule kupita m’basa ya ndzidzi onsene m’mbuto mwakusankhula basa inango ninga kucita basa yakusodza m’madzi.—Juw. 21:1-22.

Nkati mwa pyaka 62-64 P.K.K., Pedhru amwaza mphangwa zadidi ku Bhabhilonya, kwakuti cincino kusacemerwa Iraki; mu ndzidzi unoyu kukakhala Ayuda azinji. (1 Ped. 5:13) Pikhali iye ku Bhabhilonya Pedhru alemba tsamba yace yakutoma, pontho panango alembambo tsamba yace yaciwiri, m’matsamba anewa mawiri ene asadziwika na dzina yace. Yezu apasa Pedhru “mphambvu zakukwana toera akhale mpostolo kuna anthu akusidzwa.” (Agal. 2:8, 9) Pedhru acita basa idapaswa iye mwaphinga na mwacipapo.

JUWAU AKHALI NYAKUPFUNDZA WAKUTI AKHAFUNIWA NA YEZU

Mpostolo Juwau akhali mwana wa Zebhedheu, pontho m’baleace akhali mpostolo Tiyago. Pisaoneka kuti mai wace akhacemerwa Salome, wakuti panango akhali m’baleace Mariya mai wa Yezu. (Mat. 10:2; 27:55, 56; Marko 15:40; Luka 5:9, 10) Pyenepi pisapangiza kuti panango Juwau akhali famidya ya Yezu. Pisaoneka kuti famidya ya Juwau ikhali na mpfuma. Basa yakusodza m’madzi ya Zebhedheu ikhali ikulu kakamwe, natenepa iye akhali na anyabasa. (Marko 1:20) Salome akhafamba na Yezu, akhacita mabasa akusiyana-siyana pikhali Yezu ku Galileya, pontho mukupita kwa ndzidzi iye agula mafuta akununkhira toera kukhunganya manungo a Yezu pidafa iye. (Marko 16:1; Juw. 19:40) Juwau panango akhali na nyumba yace ene.—Juw. 19:26, 27.

Juwau akhali m’bodzi wa anyakupfundza a Juwau M’batizi. Panango ndiye akhali pabodzi na Andreya mu ndzidzi wakuti Juwau M’batizi ayang’ana Yezu mbalonga: “Onani, iye ndi Mwanabira wa Mulungu!” (Juw. 1:35, 36, 40) Kutomera ndzidzi unoyu, Juwau mwana wa Zebhedheu atowera Yezu mpaka ku Kana, kudakhala iye na mwai wakuona cirengo cakutoma cidacita Yezu. (Juw. 2:1-11) Juwau alonga pinthu pidalonga Yezu na pidacita iye, mu ndzidzi udaenda Yezu kamwaza mphangwa ku Yerusalemu, ku Samariya na ku Galileya. Natenepa pyenepi pisapangiza kuti Juwau aona pinthu pyenepi na maso ace. Tisadziwa kuti Juwau akhakhulupira Yezu thangwi pidacemerwa iye na Yezu toera akhale nyakupfundzace, iye aenda mu ndzidzi ubodzi ene, mbasiya kokota yace, bote yace na basa yace yakusodza m’madzi, mbatowera Yezu ninga pidacita Tiyago, Pedhru na Andreya.—Mat. 4:18-22.

M’Maevanjelyu, Juwau nee asalongwa kazinji kene ninga Pedhru. Mbwenye Juwau akhalimbo na makhaliro akudzumisa. Na thangwi ineyi, Yezu apasa Juwau na m’baleace Tiyago dzina yakuti Bhoanerje, isabveka “Ana a Njazi.” (Marko 3:17) Pakutoma Juwau akhafuna kakamwe kukhala na cidzo, thangwi iye na m’baleace acitisa mai wawo toera aende kaphemba Yezu kuti aapase mbuto yapadzulu mu Umambo wace. Maseze unoyu ukhali n’khaliro wakudzikuza, mbwenye pyenepi pisapangiza kuti iwo akhakhulupira kuti Umambo wa Mulungu ndi wandimomwene. N’khaliro unoyu wakudzikuza udapangiza iwo uwiri wawo wacitisa Yezu kupasa uphungu apostolo ace onsene toera aone kuti ndi pyakufunika kakamwe kukhala akucepeseka.—Mat. 20:20-28.

Juwau apangiza mabvero akuwanga kakamwe pidayesera iye kukhondesa mamuna m’bodzi kubulusa madimonyo mu dzina ya Yezu wakuti nee akhali ntowereri wace. Paulendo unango, anthu a ku cisa ca Samariya akhonda kutambira Yezu na anyakupfundzace, natenepa, Juwau akhafuna kuphemba moto buluka kudzulu toera kupha anthu a ncisa ceneci. Thangwi ya n’khaliro unoyu, Yezu asandika Juwau. Pisapangiza kuti mukupita kwa ndzidzi, Juwau adzakhala na maonero akulinganira na wantsisi, makhaliro akuti nee akhali nawo pakutoma. (Luka 9:49-56) Maseze Juwau akhacita madodo, iye akhali “nyakupfundza akhafuniwa na Yezu.” Ndi pyenepi pidacitisa Yezu mu ndzidzi ukhafuna iye kufa, kupanga Juwau toera antsalakanire mai wace, Mariya.—Juw. 19:26, 27; 21:7, 20, 24.

Juwau akhala m’maso mu pyaka pizinji kupiringana apostolo anango ninga pikhadalonga kale Yezu. (Juw. 21:20-22) Juwau atumikira Yahova mwakukhulupirika mu pyaka 70. Kunkhomo kwa umaso wace, mu ndzidzi wa ntongi Waciroma Dhomisiyano, Juwau aendeswa nkaidi ku ntsuwa ya Patmo “thangwi yakulonga pya Mulungu na kupereka umboni thangwi ya Yezu.” Nkati mwa caka 96 P.K.K., mu ndzidzi ukhali iye pa ntsuwa ineyi, Juwau atambira masomphenya adalemba iye m’bukhu ya Apokalipse. (Apok. 1:1, 2, 9) Mwakubverana na mphangwa zakale, pidasudzulwa iye, Juwau aenda ku Efeso, kweneko iye alemba Evanjelyu inadziwika na dzinace, pontho alembambo matsamba anadziwika na tsamba 1, 2 na 3 ya Juwau, buluka penepo iye afera ku Efeso nkati mwa caka 100 P.K.K.

a Maphembero akhacitwa mu templo pabodzi na ntsembe zikhaperekwa mu ndzidzi wakumacibese na wakumaulo. Ntsembe zikhaperekwa namaulo zikhacitwa mu “ndzidzi utatu wakumaulo.”

b Onani bokosi yakuti “Pedhru Wakuti Akhali Nyakusodza Nyama za m’Madzi Adzakhala Mpostolo Waphinga,” na bokosi yakuti “Juwau Akhali Nyakupfundza Wakuti Akhafuniwa na Yezu.”

c Onani bokosi yakuti “Nyantsembe Wankulu na Akulu a Anyantsembe.”

d Mu caka 33 P.K.K., panango mu Yerusalemu mukhali na Afarisi akukwana 6.000, pontho Asadhuki akhali akucepa kakamwe. Panango ineyi ikhali thangwi inango idacitisa misoka ineyi miwiri kuona kuti akhapingizwa kakamwe na pipfundziso pya Yezu.