Moo Lintsu li Fofelang Teng Bakeng sa Tinare ea Tlhapi

LI TLA li le likete-kete, li apere hantle bakeng sa tinare, li fofa li hlaha likarolong tsohle tsa Alaska, British Columbia, le likarolong tse hōle haholo joaloka setereke sa Washington. Ke linonyana tse khahlehang haholo, tse ikhethang haholo ka lihlooho tsa tsona tse tšoeu le masiba a masoeu a matle a setono a alehang ho fokotsa lebelo ha li fofela ho lula fatše. Li na le ’mele e bosootho bo lefifi, e boima ba lik’hilograma tse tšeletseng, ’me tse tšehali li batla li le khōloanyane ho feta tse tona, li fofa ka lebelo la lik’hilomithara tse 50 ka hora, ’me mapheo a tsona ha a otlolohile a bophara ba limithara tse 1,8 ho ea ho 2,4—empa haeba mahlo a tsona a bohale a bona tlhapi e le bohōle ba lik’hilomithara tse 1,5 li ka itsubeletsa ka lebelo la lik’hilomithara tse 160 ka hora ’me tsa e hlasinya!

Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa moketjana oa tsona oa tinare Nōkeng ea Chilkat, mokhabo o joalo, o hlollang o etsoang moeeng ha o hlokahale. Lijo tsa tsona tsa tlhapi e bitsoang salmon ha ho moo li eang teng. Li hasane ka pel’a tsona ka bongata bo tšabehang, li emetse feela hore li kometsoe. Li lokisetsoa mekete ena eohle ke Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, e thehiloeng ka 1982 ke ’muso oa Alaska bakeng sa “ho sireletsa le ho etsa hore sehlopha se seholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng sa Ntsu e Hlooho e Tšoeu se lule se le teng kamehla hammoho le lehae la tsona la bohlokoahali.”

Sebaka sena se sirelelitsoeng se akaretsa lihekthere tse 19 000 phuleng ea linōka tsa Chilkat, Klehini le Tsirku, ’me ho akarelletsoa feela libaka tseo e leng tsa bohlokoa lehaeng la lintsu. Sebaka se khethehileng moo lintsu tse likete-kete li khobokellaneng teng ka bongata le moo baeti ba phallelang teng ho tla li bona se lik’hilomithara tse robeli mabapa le Nōka ea Chilkat e sehelaneng moeli le Tsela e Khōlō ea Haines, pakeng tsa Haines le Klukwan.

Pampitšana ea ’muso e nang le sehlooho se reng “Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve” e bolela hore na ke hobane’ng ha sebaka se sekileng le nōka se bolelele ba lik’hilomithara tse robeli se khona ho fa lintsu lijo tse hlabosang tsa tlhapi ea salmon e qhotsang ka bongata.

“Ketsahalo ea tlhaho e etsang hore ho se ke ha e-ba le qhoqhoane sebakeng sena se bolelele ba limaele tse hlano [lik’hilomithara tse robeli] Nōkeng ea Chilkat nakong ea likhoeli tse batang ka ho fetisisa e bitsoa ‘mothamo o mateanong a linōka tse roaleletseng mahoholi.’ Mothamo oa Tsirku, o ahlameng o tletseng lehlohlojane, majoe, lehlabathe le mahoholi a qhoqhoane, o sebeletsa e le letamo le leholo la metsi moo Linōka tsa Tsirku, Klehini le Chilkat li kopanang teng.”

Ka tloaelo, nōka e phallang butle ha e atamela moo e kenang metsing a mang a mangata e etsa tšetleli molomong oa nōka, empa ha ho letamo la metsi le bang teng. Leha ho le joalo, moo Nōka ea Tsirku e kenang Nōkeng ea Chilkat, ho hohlomela ha lefatše le ho ritsa ha liqhoqhoane ho ile ha etsa letamo le leholo le nang le botebo ba limithara tse fetang 230 ka tlaase ho bophahamo ba leoatle. Ha liqhoqhoane tsena li ntse li ritsa butle-butle, mahoholi a ile a sala, ’me linōka tsa phaella mahoholi a lehlabathe le lehlohlojane ho fihlela qetellong fatše-fatše letamo leo le e-na le tšetleli e sa tieang, e monyang metsi e botebo ba limithara tse fetang 230.

Tlaleho e bontša hore nakong ea ha ho futhumetse, ka selemo, hlabula le mathoasong a hoetla, metsi a tsoang lehloeng le leqhoeng le qhibilihileng a theohela tlaase ka mothamong oa nōka. Mothamo ona o amohela metsi kapele ho feta kamoo o a ntšang kateng, ka hona o etsa letamo le leholo la metsi. Pampitšana ea tšireletso ea lintsu e tsoela pele: “Ha mariha a kena, ho ba le serame ’me metsi a sebakeng seo a iketsa leqhoa. Leha ho le joalo, metsi a ka letamong lena le leholo a lula a futhumetse ka tekanyo ea likhato tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20 tsa Fahrenheit [5° ho isa ho 10° C.] ho feta tekanyo ea metsi a potolohileng sebaka seo. Metsi ana a futhumetseng a ‘phunyeletsa ho kena’ ka Nōkeng ea Chilkat ’me a etsa hore metsi a eona a se ke a iketsa leqhoa.

“Mefuta e mehlano ea tlhapi ea salmon e qhotsetsa ka bongata hona mona le melatsoaneng le linōkaneng tse ling tse haufi le moo. Litlhapi tsa salmon li qala ho nyolohela moo li tlang ho qhotsetsa teng nakong ea lehlabula ’me li tsoela pele joalo ho fihlela mafelong a hoetla kapa mathoasong a mariha. Litlhapi tsa salmon li shoa kapele ka mor’a hore li qhotse ’me ke litopo tsa tsona tse fanang ka lijo tse ngata haholo bakeng sa lintsu.”

Mokete oa tlhapi ea salmon o qala ka October ’me o fela ka February, ’me kapele ka mor’a moo lintsu tse likete-kete li qala ho hasanela libakeng tse thōko tikolohong eo. Leha ho le joalo, sebaka sena se sirelelitsoeng ke lehae la lintsu tse pakeng tsa 200 le 400 selemo ho pota. Ho phaella litlhaping leha e le life tseo li ka li tšoarang, li tlatseletsa lijo tsa tsona ka nonyana leha e le efe ea metsing, liphofotsoana tse nyenyane le ka linama tse bolileng.

Mafereho a Thabisang, “Manyalo” a Tšoarellang

Li lula e le balekane bophelo bohle—li ka fihla ho lilemo tse 40—empa ka tloaelo li ba ’moho feela nakong ea ho lula sehlaheng. Mokhoa oa lefereho o qaleha ka April ’me o “ka akarelletsa lipontšo tsa lefereho tse hlollang tsa lintsu tse tsubellang li tšoarane ka linala ebile li etsa hlana-phetho sebakeng,” ho ea ka pampitšana ea Eagles—The Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve. Li ka etsa see sohle ebile li tšoarane ka matsoho? Seo se utloahala e le lerato le matla!

Ho bonoe lihlaha tse 94 sebakeng sena seo li sirelelitsoeng ho sona. Ka tloaelo ho qhotsoa lehe le le leng ho isa ho a mararo pakeng tsa bofelo ba May le mathoaso a June, ka mor’a ho alama ka matsatsi a 34 kapa a 35. Litsuonyana li tloha sehlaheng ka September, empa li tlameha ho khotsofalla masiba a ’mala o mosootho a nang le matheba a masoeu. Li ke ke tsa e-ba le lihlooho le litono tse tšoeu tse khahlehang ka botle ho fihlela ha li e-na le lilemo tse ’nè kapa tse hlano!

Pampitšana ena e boetse e fana ka boitsebiso bo hlokahalang mabapi le ho itoanela ha lintsu hore li phele hammoho le keletso ho baeti mabapi le kamoo ba ka thabelang sebaka sena se sirelelitsoeng ba sireletsehile:

“Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve e boholo ba liekere tse 48 000 [lihekthere tse 19 000] tse behetsoeng ka thōko bakeng sa ho sireletsa lintsu. Empa hase kamehla lintsu li ileng tsa sireletsoa; li kile tsa hlaseloa ka molao o neng o lumella ho bolaea liphoofolo tse kotsi. Ho itšetlehiloe ka litlaleho tsa hore ntsu e na le takatso e matla ea tlhapi e phelang ea salmon le liphofotsoana tse ling, ka 1917 Alaska Territorial Legislature e ile ea lumella hore lintsu li bolaoe kaha li le kotsi. Batho bao e kileng ea e-ba masole a Ft. William H. Seward, Haines a bolela litaba tsa ha a ne a tlatselletsa moputso oa ’ona o fokolang oa Sesoleng ka $1 (hamorao e ile ea nyolleloa ho $2) e neng e lefshoa bakeng sa para ka ’ngoe ea linala tsa ntsu.

“Hamorao liphuputso li ile tsa fumana hore kotsi ea lintsu tlhaping ea salmon e qhotsang ka bongata e ne e fetelelitsoe, ’me molao oo o lumellang ho bolaea liphoofolo tse kotsi o ile oa tlosoa ka 1953. Nakong eo, ho ne ho thuntsoe lintsu tse fetang 128 000 ka lebaka la molao oo o neng o lumella ho bolaea liphoofolo tse kotsi. Palo eohle ea lintsu tsa Boroa-bochabela ho Alaska lilemong tsa bo-1940, ha molao oa ho bolaea liphoofolo tse kotsi o ne o ntse o sebetsa, e ne e hakanyetsoa ho halofo ea palo eohle ea lintsu tse neng li le teng ka bo-1970.

“Ha Alaska e fetoha ’muso ka 1959, lintsu tsa Alaska li ile tsa e-ba tlas’a tšireletso ea Bald Eagle Act ea 1940. Ho bolaea ntsu ke tlōlo ea molao khahlanong le ’muso, ’me ho ba le lintsu tse phelang kapa tse shoeleng kapa likarolo leha e le life (ho akarelletsa le masiba!), ntle le haeba e le tlas’a maemo a itseng a khethehileng, le hona ke tlōlo ea molao.

“Ka 1972 Alaska State Legislature e ile ea theha Chilkat River Critical Habitat Area, e hlokometsoeng ke Alaska Department of Fish and Game, ho etsa bonnete ba hore palo e khōlō ka ho fetisisa ea lintsu e sireletsoe. Libaka tse khōlōhali tsa moo lintsu li lulang teng li ile tsa sala li ntse li sa sireletsoa, ’me ho ile ha qhoma qhoebeshano ea nako e telele pakeng tsa litsebi tsa tikoloho le mekhatlo ea ba buellang ntšetso-pele mabapi le litsekisano tsa ho sebelisoa ha naha e Phuleng ea Chilkat. Ka mor’a ho etsoa ha phuputso e matla ke ba National Audubon Society le ba Haines/Klukwan Resource Study, ba neng ba tšehelitsoe ka lichelete ke ’muso, batho ba rathang lifate, batšoasi ba litlhapi, litsebi tsa tikoloho, bahoebi le bo-ralipolotiki ba sebakeng seo, qetellong ba ile ba fihlela tumellano litsekong tsa bona. Ka 1982 lekhotla la ’muso le etsang melao le ile la kenya tumellano eo molaong o etsang hore sebaka sa liekere tse 48 000 [lihekthere tse 19 000] e be Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve.

“Ha hoa lumelloa ho rema lifate kapa ho etsa merafo Sebakeng seo se Sirelelitsoeng, empa mesebetsi e tloaelehileng e etsoang naheng, e kang ho kha monokotšoai, ho tšoasa litlhapi le ho tsoma, e ka ’na ea tsoela pele. Sebaka sena se Sirelelitsoeng se hlokometsoe ke Alaska Division of Parks ka thuso ea boto ea boeletsi e nang le litho tse 12 e entsoeng ka baahi ba sebakeng seo, basebeletsi ba ’muso le setsebi sa baeloji.

“Kamoo ho ka sebelisoang mehloli ea tlhaho ea phula ena ho sa senngoe tikoloho ea eona ke bothata bo ntseng bo tsoela pele, ’me litsekisano tsa ho sebelisoa ha naha eo li ntse li ka tsosa khang Phuleng ea Chilkat. Empa baahi ba sebakeng seo ba motlotlo hore ebe ho ile ha fumanoa tharollo sebakeng seo molemong oa ho sireletsa lintsu.”

Sebaka se seholo seo baeti ba ka bonang lintsu ba le ho sona se manepana le Tsela e Khōlō ea Haines, e bapileng le Nōka ea Chilkat, ’me ho na le libaka tse phahameng tse etselitsoeng morero ona.

[’Mapa o leqepheng la 15]

(Ha u batla ho bona boitsebiso bo hlophisitsoeng hantle, sheba sengoliloeng)

Nōka ea Chilkat Nōka ea Chilkoot

Nōka ea Klehini KLUKWAN

Sebaka sa ho Sheba Lintsu

(mothamo o mateanong a linōka tse roaleletseng mahoholi)

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Tsela e Khōlō ea Haines

Nōka ea Tsirku ▾ Letša la Chilkoot

Letša la Chilkat ▾

Nōka ea Chilkat ▾ Kou ea Lutak

Nōka ea Takhin ▾

HAINES

[Tlhaloso ea Moo Setšoantšo se Nkiloeng Teng]

Mountain High Maps™ copyright © 1993 Digital Wisdom, Inc.

[Tlhaloso ea Moo Setšoantšo se Nkiloeng Teng e leqepheng la 15]

Bald eagles on pages 15-18: Alaska Division of Tourism