Lithuto Mangolong a Bululetsoeng le Boitsebiso bo Thusang ho a Utloisisa
Thuto ea 3—Ho Lekanya Liketsahalo Kemisong e sa Khaotseng ea Nako
Ho baloa ha nako mehleng ea Bibele le puisano ka ho baloa ha linako ha liketsahalo tse hlahelletseng Mangolong a Seheberu le a Segerike.
1. (a) Ke eng se bontšang hore Jehova ke ’moloki oa nako ea nepisisang? (b) Ho entsoe khatelo-pele efe mabapi le ho utloisisa tatellano ea liketsahalo ea Bibele?
HA LENGELOI la Jehova le neha Daniele pono ea “morena oa leboea” le ea “morena oa boroa,” ka makhetlo a mangata le ile la sebelisa polelo “nako e beiloeng [“khethiloeng,” NW].” (Dan. 11:6, 27, 29, 35) Ho na le mangolo a mang a mangata a bontšang hore Jehova ke ’moloki oa nako ea nepisisang, ea phethahatsang merero ea hae ka nako e tobileng. (Luka 21:24; 1 Ba-Thess. 5:1, 2) Lentsoeng la hae, Bibele, o fane ka “matšoao” a mangata a re thusang ho tseba nako ea liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa kemisong e sa khaotseng ea nako. Ho entsoe khatelo-pele e khōlō mabapi le ho utloisisa tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Bibele. Patlisiso ea baepolli ba lintho tsa khale le ea ba bang e tsoela pele ho fana ka leseli la kutloisiso mathateng a sa tšoaneng, ho re thusang ho lekanyetsa nako ea liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa tsa tlaleho ea Bibele.—Liprov. 4:18.
2. Fana ka mohlala oa ho sebetsa lipalo tse akaretsang.
2 Lipalo tse Akaretsang le Lipalo tse Felletseng. Thutong e ka pele ho ena (lirapa 24 le 25), re ithutile hore ho na le phapang pakeng tsa lipalo tse felletseng le lipalo tse akaretsang. Re lokela ho hopola sena ha re bala linako tsa Bibele tumellanong le mekhoa ea mehleng ena ea ho lekanya nako eo lintho li etsahetseng ka eona. Ka mohlala, ha e bolela ka “selemong sa bomashome a mararo a metso e supileng sa kholeho ea Jojakine, morena oa Juda,” polelo “selemong sa bomashome a mararo a metso e supileng” ke palo e akaretsang. E emela lilemo tse felletseng tse 36 ho kopanyelletsa le matsatsi a itseng, libeke, kapa likhoeli (nako leha e le efe e fetelang ka mor’a hore selemo sa bo36 se fele).—Jer. 52:31, NW.
3. (a) Ke litlaleho life tsa ’Muso tse thusang ho bala linako tsa Bibele? (b) Selemo sa ho busa ka molao e ne e le eng, ’me selemo se ekelitsoeng e ne e le eng?
3 Lilemo tsa ho Busa ha Morena le tsa Nako e Eketsoang. Bibele e bolela ka litlaleho tsa ’Muso tsa mebuso ea Juda le Iseraele, hammoho le litaba tsa ’Muso tsa Babylona le Persia. Mebusong ena eohle e mene, tatellano ea liketsahalo ea ’Muso e ne e nepahetse ho ea ka mebuso ea marena, ’me mokhoa o tšoanang oa ho tlaleha o ile oa kenyelletsoa Bibeleng. Hangata Bibele e fana ka tšupiso ea buka eo taba e qotsitsoeng ho eona, ka mohlala, ‘buka ea litaba tsa Salomone.’ (1 Mar. 11:41) Ho busa ha morena ho ne ho tla kopanyelletsa karolo ea selemo se eketsoang, ’me se lateloa ke lilemo tse felletseng tsa ho busa setulong. Lilemo tsa ho busa ha morena ke lilemo tseo ka molao morena a hlomamisitsoeng setulong sa borena ’me ka tloaelo li ne li baloa ho tloha ka Nisane ho ea ho Nisane, kapa ho tloha nakong ea selemo ho ea nakong ea selemo. Ha morena a hlahlama e mong setulong, likhoeli tse lipakeng ho fihlela selemong se latelang sa khoeli ea Nisane li ne li bitsoa nako ea hae e ekelitsoeng ea ho busa, nakong eo o tlatsa nako ea borena ea morena eo a mo hlahlamang. Leha ho le joalo, nako ea hae ea borena e tla qala ho baloa mathomong a Nisane 1 e latelang.
4. Bontša kamoo tatellano ea liketsahalo ea Bibele e ka sebelisoang ho ea ka nako ea ho busa ha morena.
4 Ka mohlala, ho bonahala hore Salomone o ile a qala ho busa nako e itseng pele ho Nisane ea 1037 B.C.E., ha Davida a sa ntse a phela. Kapele ka mor’a moo, Davida a shoa. (1 Mar. 1:39, 40; 2:10) Leha ho le joalo, selemo sa ho qetela sa ho busa ha Davida se tsoetse pele ho fihlela nakong ea selemo ea 1037 B.C.E., e baloa e le nako ea puso ea hae ea lilemo tse 40. Karolo ea selemo, ho tloha qalehong ea ho busa ha Salomone ho fihlela nakong ea selemo ea 1037 B.C.E., e bitsoa selemo se ekelitsoeng sa Salomone, ’me e ne e ke ke ea baloa e le nako ea ho busa ha hae, kahobane o sa ntse a tlatsa nako ea ho busa ha ntat’ae. Ka baka leo, selemo se felletseng sa borena ba Salomone se qalile ka Nisane ea 1037 B.C.E. (1 Mar. 2:12) Qetellong, lilemo tse felletseng tse 40 li ile tsa balloa puso ea Salomone e le morena. (1 Mar. 11:42) Ka ho tlosa lilemo tsa ho busa ka molao lilemong tse ekelitsoeng, ho ka khoneha ho bala tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Bibele ka nepo.a
HO BALA KA HO KHUTLELA MORAO HO BŌPTJOENG HA ADAMA
5. Nako ea ho tsolososoa ha borapeli ba Jehova Jerusalema e baloa joang?
5 Ho Qala ka Selemo sa Bohlokoa se Amoheloang. Selemo sa bohlokoa se amoheloang bakeng sa ho bala ho khutlela morao ho bōptjoeng ha Adama ke nako eo borena ba Babylona bo ileng ba phetholoa ke Cyruse ka eona, 539 B.C.E.b Cyruse o ile a ntša taelo ea hae ea ho lokolla Bajode selemong sa hae sa pele, pele ho nako ea selemo ea 537 B.C.E. Esdrase 3:1 e tlaleha hore bana ba Iseraele ba ne ba khutletse Jerusalema khoeling ea bosupa, Tishri, e tsamaisanang le September le October. Ka hona nako ea hoetla ea 537 B.C.E. e nkoa e le nako eo tsosoloso ea borapeli ba Jehova Jerusalema e etsahetseng ka eona.
6. (a) Ke nako efe e boletsoeng esale pele e felileng ka hoetla ea 537 B.C.E.? (b) E tlameha ebe nako eo e qalile neng, ’me linnete li tšehetsa sena joang?
6 Ho tsosolosoa ha borapeli ba Jehova ka hoetla la 537 B.C.E. ho ile ha tšoaea ho fela ha nako ea boprofeta. Nako efe? E ne e le ea “lilemo tse mashome a supileng” tseo Naha e Tšepisitsoeng e neng e lokela ho fetoha “lefeella ka ho sa feleng” ’me mabapi le eona Jehova o itse, “Lilemo tse mashome a supileng etlare ha li se li phethehile bakeng sa Babylona, ke tla le hopola, ke le etsetse ka mantsoe a ka a molemo, ke le busetse nģalong ena.” (Jer. 25:11, 12; 29:10) Daniele, ea neng a tloaelane hantle le boprofeta bona, o ile a sebetsa tumellanong le bona ha “lilemo tse mashome a supileng” li atamela bofelo ba tsona. (Dan. 9:1-3) Ka hona, “lilemo tse mashome a supileng” tse felileng hoetla ka selemo sa 537 B.C.E. e tlameha ebe se qalile hoetla ka 607 B.C.E. Linnete li pakela sena. Jeremia khaolo ea 52 e hlalosa liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa tsa ho thibelloa ha Jerusalema, ho hlōla ha Bababylona, le ho thoptjoa ha Morena Tsedekia ka 607 B.C.E. ’Me joalokaha Jer 52 temana ea 12 e bolela, “ka khoeli ea bohlano, ka la leshome la khoeli,” ke hore, ka letsatsi la leshome la Ab (e tsamaisanang le likarolo tsa July le August), Bababylona ba ile ba chesa tempele le motse. Leha ho le joalo, eo e ne e se qalo ea “lilemo tse mashome a supileng.” Masala a ’muso oa Bajode a bile teng tlas’a Gedalia, eo morena oa Babylona a ileng a mo hloma ho ba ’musisi oa masala a Bajode. “Ka khoeli ea bosupa,” Gedalia le ba bang ba ile ba fenethoa, ’me Bajode ba setseng ba balehela Egepeta ka baka la tšabo. Ebile feela ka hoo e ka bang ka October 1, 607 B.C.E., ha ka khopolo e felletseng naha e “etsoa nahathothe . . . hore ho be ho phethehe lilemo tse mashome a supileng.”—2 Mar. 25:22-26; 2 Likron. 36:20, 21.
7. (a) Lilemo li ka baloa joang ho khutlela morao nakong ea ho aroloa ha ’muso ka mor’a lefu la Salomone? (b) Ke taba efe e tšehetsang e fanoeng boprofeteng ba Ezekiele?
7 Ho Tloha ka 607 B.C.E. ho ea ho 997 B.C.E. Ho bala nako ena ho khutlela morao ho tloha ha Jerusalema e lihuoa ho ea nakong ea ho aroloa ha ’muso ka mor’a lefu la Salomone ho hlahisa mathata a mangata. Leha ho le joalo, ho bapisa nako ea ho busa ha marena a Iseraele le a Juda joalokaha ho tlalehiloe ho Marena a Pele le a Bobeli ho bontša hore nako eo e akaretsa lilemo tse 390. Bopaki bo matla bo tiisang hore palo eo e nepahetse ke boprofeta ba Ezekiele 4:1-13. Boprofeta bona bo supa nakong ea ha Jerusalema e tla be e thibelletsoe ’me baahi ba eona ba thopiloe ke lichaba tse ling, ho etsahetseng ka 607 B.C.E. Ka hona lilemo tse 40 tse boletsoeng tabeng ea Juda li khaolitse ha Jerusalema e fetoloa lesupi. Lilemo tse 390 tseo ho boleloang ka tsona bakeng sa Iseraele ha lia ka tsa fela nakong eo Samaria e neng e timetsoa, hobane ho ne ho fetile nako e telele Ezekiele a profetile hona, ’me boprofeta bo bontša ka ho hlaka hore bo tobisitsoe ho thibelloeng ha Jerusalema le ho felisoeng ha eona. Ka hona, “bokhopo ba ntlo ea Iseraele,” le bona, bo ile ba khaotsa ka 607 B.C.E. Ha re bala ho khutlela morao ho tloha nakong eo, re bona hore nako ea lilemo tse 390 e qalile ka 997 B.C.E. Selemong seo, Jeroboame, ka mor’a lefu la Salomone, a ileng a ikarola ntlong ea Davida ’me “a khelosa Iseraele ho Jehova, a ba kenya sebeng se seholo.”—2 Mar. 17:21.
8. (a) Lilemo li baloa joang ho khutlela morao nakong ea ho tsoa Egepeta? (b) Ke phetoho efe e amang mokhoa oa ho bala linako oa Bibele mabapi le nako ena?
8 Ho tloha ka 997 B.C.E. ho ea ho 1513 B.C.E. Kaha lilemo tse felletseng tse 40 tsa ho busa ha Salomone li felletse nakong ea selemo ea 997 B.C.E., hoa utloahala hore selemo sa hae sa pele sa borena se qalile nakong ea selemo ea 1037 B.C.E. (1 Mar. 11:42) Tlaleho ea Bibele, ho 1 Marena 6:1, e bolela hore Salomone o qalile ho haha ntlo ea Jehova Jerusalema ka khoeli ea bobeli ea selemo sa bone sa ho busa ha hae. Hona ho bolela hore ho ne ho fetile lilemo tse tharo tse felletseng le khoeli e le ’ngoe e felletseng tsa puso ea hae, hona ho re tlisa ho April-May ea 1034 B.C.E. bakeng sa ho qaloa ha kaho ea tempele. Leha ho le joalo, lengolo le tšoanang le bolela hore hona ho etsahetse “lilemo tse makholo a mane a nang le mashome a robileng meno e le ’meli bana ba Iseraele ba tsoile naheng ea Egepeta.” Le mona, 480 ke palo e akaretsang, e emelang lilemo tse felletseng tse 479. Ka baka leo, ha 479 e kopanngoa le 1034 re fumana 1513 B.C.E. e le selemo seo Baiseraele ba tsoileng Egepeta ka sona. Serapa 19 sa Thuto 2 se hlalositse hore ho tloha selemong sa 1513 B.C.E., Abibe (Nisane) e ile ea nkuoa e le ‘khoeli ea pele eo ho qaloang likhoeli tsa ngoaha ka eona’ bakeng sa Baiseraele (Ex. 12:2) le hore pele ho ne ho sebelisoa selemo se qalang ka hoetla, e leng khoeli ea Tishri. The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, 1957, Moq. 12, leqephe 474, e-ea hlalosa: “Ho baloa ha lilemo tsa borena ho ne ho theiloe selemong se neng se qala nakong ea selemo, ’me ho tsamaisana le mokhoa oa Bababylona o neng o sebelisoa.” Ha phetoho tšimolohong ea selemo ho tloha ho se qalang ka hoetla ho ea ho se qalang nakong ea selemo e sebelisoa linakong tsa Bibele, hona ho tla bolela ho tlosoa ha likhoeli tse tšeletseng kapa ho eketsoa ha tsona.
9. (a) Ke joang nako e tlalehiloeng ho khutlela morao ha selekane sa Abrahama se qala ho sebetsa? (b) Lilemo tsa pele tse 215 li baloa joang? (c) Abrahama o ne a le lilemo li kae ha a tšela Eufrate tseleng ea hae e lebileng Kanana?
9 Ho tloha ka 1513 B.C.E. ho ea ho 1943 B.C.E. Ho Exoda 12:40, 41 (NW) Moshe o tlaleha hore “ho lula ha bara ba Iseraele, ba ileng ba lula Egepeta, ebile lilemo tse makholo a mane le mashome a mararo.” Ho tsoa mantsoeng a ka holimo, hoa bonahala hore “ho lula” hona ha hoa ka ha e-ba Egepeta kaofela. Nako ena e qala ha Abrahama a tšela Eufrate a le tseleng e lebang Kanana, e bile nakong eo selekane sa Abrahama le Jehova se ileng sa qala ho sebetsa. “Ho lula” hona ha pele ka lilemo tse 215 ho bile Kanana, ’me nako e lekanang le eo ba e lula Egepeta, ho fihlela Baiseraele ba lokoloha ka ho felletseng taolong ea Egepeta le ho ipusa, ka 1513 B.C.E.c Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe ho New World Translation mabapi le Exoda 12:40 o bontša hore Septuagint ea Segerike, e theiloeng mangolong a khalenyana a Seheberu a Masora, o eketsa mantsoe “le naheng ea Kanana,” ka mor’a “Egepeta.” Libuka tse Hlano tse Qalang tsa Bibele tsa Samaria li etsa ho tšoanang. Ba-Galata 3:17, e buang ka lilemo tse 430, e tiisa hore nako eo e qalile ha ho tiisoa selekane sa Abrahama, nakong eo Abrahama a tšetseng Eufrate a le tseleng e eang Kanana. Ka baka leo hona ho etsahetse ka 1943 B.C.E., ha Abrahama a le lilemo li 75.—Gen. 12:4.
10. Ke bopaki bofe bo bong bo tšehetsang tatellano ea liketsahalo ea mehleng ea Abrahama?
10 Bopaki bo bong bo tšehetsang ho bala ho ka holimo: Ho Liketso 7:6 ho boleloa ka peō ea Abrahama e neng e tla tujoa ka lilemo tse 400. Kaha Jehova o ile a tlosa ho tujoa ke Egepeta ka 1513 B.C.E., ho tujoa hona e tlameha ebe ho qalile ka 1913 B.C.E. E ne e le lilemo tse hlano ka mor’a ho tsoaloa ha Isaaka ’me ho tsamaisana le ho “tšeha [“ho soma,” NW]” ho ileng ha etsoa ke Ishmaele nakong eo Isaaka a neng a khoesoa ka eona.—Gen. 15:13; 21:8, 9.
11. Ke joang lethathamo la nako la Bibele le re khutlisetsang morao nakong ea Moroallo?
11 Ho tloha ka 1943 B.C.E. ho ea ho 2370 B.C.E. Re se re bone hore Abrahama o ne a le lilemo li 75 ha a kena Kanana ka 1943 B.C.E. Joale ho ka khoneha ho bala lilemo kemisong e sa khaotseng ea nako ho khutlela morao, ho ea mehleng ea Noe. Hona ho etsoa ka ho sebelisa linako tse fanoeng ho Genese 11:10 ho ea ho 12:4. Ho bala hona, ho fanang ka kakaretso ea lilemo tse 427, ho etsoa ka tsela e latelang:
Ho tloha tšimolohong ea
Moroallo ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Arpaksade lilemo 2
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Shela “ 35
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Hebere “ 30
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Pelege “ 34
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Rehu “ 30
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Seruge “ 32
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Nakore “ 30
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Tera “ 29
Ho ea lefung la Tera, ha
Abrahama a le lilemo tse 75 “ 205
Kakaretso lilemo 427
Ha re kopanya lilemo tse 427 ho 1943 B.C.E. ho re tlisa ho 2370 B.C.E. Ka hona ho bala linako ha Bibele ho bontša hore Moroallo oa Noe o qalile ka 2370 B.C.E.
12. Nako e khutlelang morao ho bōptjoeng ha Adama ke e kae?
12 Ho tloha ho 2370 B.C.E. ho ea ho 4026 B.C.E. Ha re khutlela morao haholo kemisong ea nako e sa khaotseng, re fumana hore Bibele e fana ka nako ho tloha Moroallong ho ea ho bōptjoeng ha Adama. Sena se baloa ho Genese 5:3-29 le Gen 7:6, 11. Ho baloa hona ha nako ho akarelitsoe mona ka tlase:
Ho tloha ho bōptjoeng ha Adama ho ea ho
tsoaloeng ha Setha lilemo 130
Joale ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Enose “ 105
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Kenane “ 90
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Mahalaleele “ 70
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Jarede “ 65
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Henoke “ 162
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Methusela “ 65
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Lemeke “ 187
Ho ea ho tsoaloeng ha Noe “ 182
Ho ea ho Moroallo “ 600
Kakaretso lilemo 1 656
Ha re kopanya lilemo tse 1 656 le nako ea rōna eo re e fumaneng ea 2370 B.C.E., re fihla ho 4026 B.C.E. e le nako ea ho bōptjoa ha Adama, mohlomong nakong ea hoetla, kaha lialmanaka tse ngata tsa boholo-holo li ne li qala selemo sa tsona ka hoetla.
13. (a) Histori ea moloko oa batho e telele hakae lefatšeng lena? (b) Ke hobane’ng ha e sa tsamaisane le bolelele ba letsatsi la phomolo la Jehova?
13 Sena ke sa bohlokoa bofe ho rōna kajeno? Khatiso ea pele ea buka ena (ka Senyesemane), e hatisitsoeng ka 1963, e boletse: “Na sena se bolela hore ka 1963 re se re hatetse pele ka lilemo tse 5 988 ‘letsatsing’ leo ka lona Jehova ‘a ’nileng a phomola mesebetsing ea hae’? (Gen. 2:3) Che, hobane ho bōptjoa ha Adama ha ho tsamaisane le ho qala ha letsatsi la ho phomola ha Jehova. Ka mor’a ho bōptjoa ha Adama, ’me e sa ntsane e le letsatsing la botšelela la pōpo, ho bonahala hore Jehova o ile a tsoela pele ho bōpa liphoofolo le linonyana. Hape, o ile a laela Adama ho reha liphoofolo mabitso, mosebetsi o neng o tla nka nako e itseng, ’me a tsoela pele ho bōpa Eva. (Gen. 2:18-22; bona hape NW, Khat. ea 1953 mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe tem. 19) Nako leha e le efe e ileng ea feta pakeng tsa ho bōptjoa ha Adama le qetello ea ‘letsatsi la botšelela’ e lokela ho tlosoa lilemong tse 5 988 e le hore ho fumanoe ka nepo bolelele ba nako ho tloha ho qaleng ha ‘letsatsi la bosupa’ ho fihlela ka [1963]. Ha ho thuse letho ho sebelisa tatellano ea liketsahalo ea Bibele ho inahanela linako tse sa ntsaneng li le ka pele kemisong e sa khaotseng ea nako.—Matt. 24:36.”d
14. Ke hobane’ng ha re lokela ho khetha tlaleho ea Bibele ka tšimoloho ea moloko oa batho ho e-na le lipolelo tse inahanetsoeng tsa saense le likhopolo tsa batho?
14 Ho thoe’ng ka litlhaloso tsa bo-rasaense tsa hore lefatše lena le bile teng ka lilemo tse likete tse makholo kapa esitana le tse limillione? Ha ho leha e le ’ngoe ea tsona e ka tšehetsoang ka bopaki ba litlaleho tse ngotsoeng pele, joalokaha ho le joalo ka liketsahalo tsa Bibele. Linako tseo ho leng thata ho li lumela tse fanoeng bakeng sa “motho oa boholo-holo ea bileng teng pele histori e ngoloa” li mpa li theiloe feela litabeng tse inahaneloang tse ke keng tsa tiisoa ka bopaki. Ha e le hantle, histori ea lefatše e ka tšeptjoang, hammoho le tatellano ea eona ea liketsahalo, li khutlela morao feela ka lilemo tse likete tse ’maloa. Qitikoe e lefatše e bile le liphetoho tse ngata, joaloka Moroallo oa letsatsing la Noe, o ile oa fetola haholo sebōpeho sa mealo ea mobu mafikeng le ho patoa ha masapo a liphoofolo, ho etsang hore lipolelo leha e le life tsa saense mabapi le linako tsa pele ho Moroallo e be boinahanelo bo boholo.e Ho fapana le lipolelo tse inahanetsoeng tsa saense le likhopolo tsa batho, Bibele e ipiletsa matleng a ho nahana ka ho sebelisa tlaleho ea eona e hlakileng, e lumellanang ea tšimoloho ea moloko oa batho le ka histori e ngotsoeng ka hloko ea batho ba Jehova ba khethiloeng.
15. Ho ithuta ha rōna Bibele ho lokela ho re ama joang?
15 Ho ithuta Bibele le ho nahana ka botebo ka mesebetsi ea ’Moloki e Moholo oa Nako, Jehova Molimo, ho lokela ho etsa hore re ikutloe re le banyenyane haholo. Ka sebele motho ea shoang o monyenyane haholo ha a bapisoa le Molimo o matla ’ohle, eo mosebetsi oa oona o moholohali oa pōpo, o entsoeng lilemo tse likete tse se nang palo tse fetileng, o boleloang ka bonolo ka Mangolong: “Tšimolohong, Molimo o no o hlole maholimo le lefatše.”—Gen. 1:1.
BOLULO BA JESU LEFATŠENG
16. (a) Likosepele tse ’ne li ngotsoe ka tatellano efe? (b) Ke joang re ka bolelang nako ea tšebeletso ea Jesu? (c) Ke tatellano efe eo liketsahalo li e latelang Likosepeleng tse sa tšoaneng, ’me ke eng e lokelang ho hlokomeloa tlalehong ea Johanne?
16 Litlaleho tse ’ne tsa bophelo ba Jesu lefatšeng ho bonahala li ngoliloe ka tatellano ena: Mattheu (hoo e ka bang ka 41 C.E.), Luka (hoo e ka bang ka 56-58 C.E.), Mareka (hoo e ka bang ka 60-65 C.E.), le Johanne (hoo e ka bang ka 98 C.E.). Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe khaolong e ka pele, ho sebelisa boitsebiso bo ho Luka 3:1-3 hammoho le nako ea 14 C.E. bakeng sa ho qala ha puso ea Tiberiuse Cesare, re fihla ho 29 C.E. e le nako ea ho qala ha tšebeletso e makatsang ea Jesu lefatšeng lena. Le hoja liketsahalo tse ho Mattheu li sa latele nako eo li etsahetseng ka eona, libakeng tse ngata libuka tse ling tse tharo ho bonahala li fana ka liketsahalo ho ea ka tatellano ea tsona. Tsena li bontšoa chateng e mona. Le tla hlokomela hore tlaleho ea Johanne, e ileng ea ngoloa lilemo tse ka holimo ho tse 30 ka mor’a ho ngoloa ha buka ea ho qetela ho tse tharo, e tlatsa likheo tsa bohlokoa tsa boitsebiso historing tse sa kang tsa akaretsoa ke ba bang. Taba ea bohlokoa e hlokomelehang ke ho qotsa ha Johanne Lipaseka tse ’ne nakong ea tšebeletso ea Jesu ea lefatšeng, e leng ho tiisang tšebeletso ea lilemo tse tharo le halofo, tse fellang ka 33 C.E.f—Joh. 2:13; 5:1; 6:4; 12:1; le Joh. 13:1.
17. Ke bopaki bofe bo bong bo tšehetsang nako ea lefu la Jesu?
17 Lefu la Jesu ka 33 C.E. le ile la tiisoa hape ke bopaki bo bong. Ho ea ka Molao oa Moshe, Nisane 15 ka mehla e ne e le Sabbatha se khethehileng ho sa tsotellehe hore na e letsatsing lefe. Haeba e tsamaisana le Sabbatha se tloaelehileng, ka hona letsatsi leo le ne le tsejoa e le Sabbatha “se seholo,” ’me Johanne 19:31 e bontša hore Sabbatha se joalo se ile sa latela letsatsi la lefu la Jesu, le bileng ka Labohlano. Ka baka leo Labohlano la la 14 Nisane le bile ka 33 C.E. e seng ka 31 kapa 32 C.E. Ka hona, e tlameha ebe e bile ka la 14 Nisane, 33 C.E. ha Jesu a e-shoa.g
18. (a) Daniele o ile a profeta eng ka “libeke” tse 69? (b) Ho ea ka Nehemia, nako ena e qalile neng? (c) Re fihla joang nakong ea ho qala ha puso ea Artaxerxese?
18 “Beke” ea bo70, 29-36 C.E. Litšobotsi tsa nako ea tšebeletso ea Jesu li boetse li akaretsoa ke Daniele 9:24-27, e profetang nako ea lilemo tsa libeke tse 69 (lilemo tse 483) “ho tloha taelong e bolelang hore Jerusalema o tla tsosoa, o hahuoe, ha e tsoile ho fihlisa ho motlotsuoa Morena [“Messia Moeta-pele,” NW].” Ho ea ka Nehemia 2:1-8, taelo e ile ea tsoa “ka selemo sa mashome a mabeli sa ho busa ha Artaxerxese,” morena oa Persia. Artaxerxese o qalile neng ho busa? Ntate oa hae, ea busitseng pele ho eena, Xerxes, o ile a shoa karolong e qetellang ea 475 B.C.E. Ka hona selemo se ekelitsoeng sa ho busa ha Artaxerxese se qalile ka 475 B.C.E. ’me sena se tšehetsoa ke bopaki bo matla ho tsoa mehloling ea Segerike, Sepersia, le ea Bababylona. Ka mohlala, rahistori oa Mogerike Thucydides (ea ileng a ikhapela botumo ka baka la ho nepisisa ha hae litaba) o ngola ka paleho ea letona la ’muso la Mogerike Themistocles, a balehela Persia ha Artaxerxese a ne a “sa tsoa lula teroneng.” Rahistori e mong oa Mogerike oa lekholong la pele la lilemo B.C.E., Diodorus Siculus, o re thusa ho tseba nako ea lefu la Themistocles e le 471/470 B.C.E. Ka mor’a hore Themistocles a balehe naheng ea habo, o ile a kōpa tumello ea Artaxerxese ea hore a ithute puo ea Persia ka nako e etsang selemo pele a lumelloa ho hlahella pel’a hae, e leng seo a ileng a se etsa. Ka baka leo, e tlameha ebe Themistocles o ile a lula Persia ka 472 B.C.E., ’me mohlomong o fihlile ka 473 B.C.E. Nakong eo Artaxerxese o ne a “sa tsoa lula teroneng.”h
19. (a) Ha re bala ho tloha “ka selemo sa mashome a mabeli sa ho busa ha Artaxerxese,” ke joang re fumanang nako ea ho hlaha ha Messia? (b) Ke joang boprofeta ba “libeke” tse 70 bo ileng ba phethahatsoa ho tloha nakong eo?
19 Ka baka leo, “selemo sa mashome a mabeli sa ho busa ha Artaxerxese” e tla ba 455 B.C.E. Ha re bala lilemo tse 483 (“libeke” tse 69) ho tloha moo, ’me re hopola hore ho ne ho se selemo sa ha ho letho ha ho tšeleloa Mehleng e Tloaelehileng, re fihla ho 29 C.E. mabapi le ho hlaha ha “motlotsuoa Morena [“Messia Moeta-pele,” NW].” Jesu o ile a fetoha Messia ha a kolobetsoa ’me a tlotsoa ka moea o halalelang, ka hoetla selemong seo. Hape boprofeta bo bontša hore “mahareng a veke [ea bomashome a supileng] o tla felisa sehlabelo le nyehelo.” Sena se ile sa etsahala ha mahlabelo a sebele a Bajode a felloa ke molemo oa oona ka baka la sehlabelo sa Jesu. ‘Beke eo e mahareng’ ea lilemo e re isa lilemong tse tharo le halofo nakong ea selemo ea 33 C.E., ha Jesu a ne a bolaoa. Leha ho le joalo, “o tla hlaba selekane se matla le ba bangata” nakong eohle ea beke ea bo70. Sena sa bontša mohau o khethehileng oa Jehova o tsoelang pele le Bajode nakong ea lilemo tse supileng ho tloha ka 29 C.E. ho ea ho 36 C.E. Ebile feela ka mor’a moo tsela e ileng ea bulehela Balichaba ba sa bolotsoang hore ba fetohe Baiseraele ba moea, joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ke ho sokoloha ha Kornele ka 36 C.E.i—Lik. 10:30-33, 44-48; 11:1.
HO BALA LILEMO LINAKONG TSA BAAPOSTOLA
20. Ke joang histori ea lefatše hammoho le tlaleho ea Bibele li lumellanang ka nako ea lefu la Heroda le liketsahalo tse tlileng pele ho moo?
20 Pakeng tsa 33 C.E. le 49 C.E. Selemo 44 C.E. se ka amoheloa e le nako e thusang ho bala nako ena. Ho ea ka Josephus (Jewish Antiquities, XIX, 351 [viii, 2]), Heroda Agrippa I o ile a busa ka lilemo tse tharo ka mor’a hore Moemphera Klaude oa Roma a hloelle teroneng (ka 41 C.E.). Bopaki ba histori bo bontša hore Heroda enoa o ile a shoa ka 44 C.E.j Ha re sheba tlaleho ea Bibele, re fumana hore e bile feela pele ho lefu la Heroda ha Agabuse a profeta “ka moea” mabapi le tlala e khōlō ea sekoboto e neng e e tla, ha moapostola Jakobo a bolaoa ka sabole, le Petrose a kenngoa kholehong (nakong ea Paseka) le ho lokolloa ka mohlolo. Liketsahalo tsena kaofela li ka beoa nakong ea 44 C.E.—Lik. 11:27, 28; 12:1-11, 20-23.
21. Ke motheong ofe re ka lekanyetsang nako ea leeto la boromuoa la pele la Pauluse?
21 Tlala ea sekoboto e profetiloeng e ile ea fihla ka 46 C.E. Ho ka etsahala hore ebile nakong ena ha Pauluse le Barnabase ba ne ba ‘phetha mosebetsi oa phallelo oa bona Jerusalema.’ (Lik. 12:25) Ka mor’a ho khutla Antioke ea Syria, ba ile ba khethoa ke moea o halalelang ho kena leetong la boromuoa la pele, le neng le akaretsa Cypruse le metse e mengata le litereke tsa Asia Minor.k Mohlomong ke ho tloha nakong ea selemo ea 47 C.E. ho ea hoetla ka 48 C.E., le nako e le ’ngoe ea mariha eo ba e lutseng Asia Minor. Ho bonahala Pauluse a ile a sebelisa nako e latelang ea mariha Antioke ea Syria, hona ho re tlisa nakong ea selemo ea 49 C.E.—Lik. 13:1–14:28.
22. Ke joang ho ka fanoang ka nako ea maeto a mabeli a Pauluse Jerusalema a boleloang ho Ba-Galata, likhaolo 1 le 2?
22 Tlaleho e ho Ba-Galata likhaolo 1 le 2 ho bonahala e hokahana le ho latellana hona ha liketsahalo. Mona Pauluse o bua ka maeto a mang a mabeli a khethehileng Jerusalema ka mor’a ho sokoloha ha hae, le leng “ho feleng ha lilemo tse tharo” ’me le leng “hoba lilemo tse leshome le metso e mene li fete.” (Ba-Gal. 1:17, 18; 2:1) Haeba linako tsena tse peli e le lipalo tse akaretsang, kamoo ho neng ho tloaelehile ka teng nakong eo, le haeba ho sokoloha ha Pauluse ho bile tšimolohong ea nako ea baapostola, kamoo tlaleho e bontšang ka teng, hona he, re ka nka lilemo tse 3 le tse 14 ka ho latellana e le 34-36 C.E. le 36-49 C.E..
23. Ke bopaki bofe bo hlahisang hore bobeli Ba-Galata khaolo ea 2 le Liketso khaolo ea 15 li supa leetong la Pauluse Jerusalema ka 49 C.E.?
23 Ketelo ea bobeli ea Pauluse Jerusalema e boleloang ho Ba-Galata ho bonahala e ne e le mabapi le khang ea lebollo, ’me esita le Tite ea neng a tsamaisana le Pauluse ho boleloa hore ho ne ho sa hlokahale hore a bolotsoe. Haeba e tsamaisana le ketelo ea ho fumana taelo tabeng e amang lebollo e hlalosoang ho Liketso 15:1-35, joale 49 C.E. e tšoanela hantle kaha ke nako e pakeng tsa leeto la boromuoa la pele le la bobeli la Pauluse. Ho feta moo, ho ea ka Ba-Galata 2:1-10, Pauluse o ile a sebelisa monyetla ona ho tsebisa “[banna] bao e leng lihlooho” phuthehong ea Jerusalema litaba tse molemo tseo a neng a li bolela, ‘e se be o mathela lefeela.’ Ka ho utloahalang o ne a tla ba behela sena ka mor’a ho ba moo leetong la hae la boromuoa la pele. Pauluse o ile a etela Jerusalema “ka baka la tšenolo.”
24. Ke lilemong life Pauluse a ileng a etsa leeto la bobeli la boromuoa, hona ke hobane’ng, ntle ho pelaelo, a sa ka a fihla Korinthe ho fihlela moo ka 50 C.E.?
24 Leeto la Boromuoa la Bobeli la Pauluse, hoo e ka bang ka 49-52 C.E. Ka mor’a hore Pauluse a khutle Jerusalema, o sebelisa nako e itseng Antioke ea Syria; kahoo, ho ka etsahala hore nako e ne e kenelletse lehlabuleng la 49 C.E. ha a tloha moo bakeng sa leeto la hae la bobeli. (Lik. 15:35, 36) Leeto lena le ne le pharalletse haholo ho feta la pele ’me le ile la hloka hore a be Asia Minor nakong ea mariha. Ho ka etsahala hore e ne e le nakong ea selemo ea 50 C.E. ha a arabela pitso ea Macedonia le ho tšelela Europe. Joale a bolela le ho hlophisa liphutheho Filippi, Thessalonika, Berea, le Athene. Hona ho mo tlisa Korinthe, profensing ea Akaia, hoetla ka 50 C.E., ka mor’a ho nka leeto la lik’hilomithara tse 2 090, boholo ba lona ka maoto. (Lik. 16:9, 11, 12; 17:1, 2, 10, 11, 15, 16; 18:1) Ho ea ka Liketso 18:11, Pauluse o lutse moo likhoeli tse 18, hona ho re tlisa mathoasong a 52 C.E. Ha e le mona mariha a fela, Pauluse o kena sekepeng ho ea Cesarea, a pota le Efese. Ka mor’a ho lumelisa phutheho, mohlomong Jerusalema, o fihla hae Antioke ea Syria, mohlomong lehlabuleng la 52 C.E.l—Lik. 18:12-22.
25. (a) Ke joang liphuputso tsa liepolloa tsa lintho tsa khale li tšehetsang 50-52 C.E. e le nako ea ketelo ea pele ea Pauluse Korinthe? (b) Ke joang ’nete ea hore Akila le Prisilla ba ne ba “sa tsoa tloha Italia” e tiisang sena?
25 Tšibollo ea lintho tsa khale tse epollotsoeng e tšehetsa 50-52 C.E. e le nako ea leeto la pele la Pauluse Korinthe. Ona ke mongolo o leng leqhetsoaneng la letlapa, ke taelo e tsoang ho Moemphera Klaude Cesare e eang ho Delphians oa Greece, e nang le mantsoe “[Lucius Ju]nius, Galione, . . . ’musisi.” Bo-rahistori ka kakaretso ba lumela hore palo 26, e fumanoang temaneng ena, e supa hore Klaude o entsoe moemphera ka lekhetlo la bo26. Litlhaloso tse ling tse ngotsoeng li bontša hore Klaude o bolela hore ebile moemphera ka makhetlo a 27 pele ho August 1, 52 C.E. Nako ea ’musisi e bolelele ba selemo, ho qala tšimolohong ea lehlabula. Ka hona, ho bonahala hore selemo sa Galione e le ’musisi oa Akaia se ne se tloha nakong ea lehlabula ea 51 C.E. ho ea ho lehlabula la 52 C.E. “Eare ha Galione e le ’musisi oa Akaia, ba-Juda ba lumellana, ba tsohela Pauluse matla, ’me ba mo isa khotla.” Ka mor’a hore Galione a fumane Pauluse a se na molato, moapostola a lula “matsatsi a mangata” teng, ’me joale a tloha ka sekepe a leba Syria. (Lik. 18:11, 12, 17, 18) Sena sohle ho bonahala se tiisa nako ea selemo ea 52 C.E. e le qetello ea ho lula ha Pauluse ka likhoeli tse 18 Korinthe. Ntho e ’ngoe e tšoaeang nako e fumanoa polelong ea hore ha Pauluse a fihla Korinthe, “a fihlela mo-Juda e mong, ea bitsoang Akila, ea tsoaletsoeng Ponto; o na a sa tsoa tloha Italia, a e-na le Prisilla, mosali oa hae; hobane Klaude o na a laetse hore ba-Juda bohle ba tlohe Roma.” (Lik. 18:2) Ho ea ka rahistori Paulus Orosius, oa mathoasong a lekholo la bohlano la lilemo, taelo ena ea hore ba lelekoe e ntšitsoe selemong sa borobong sa Klaude, ke hore, ka 49 C.E. kapa mathoasong a 50 C.E. Ka baka leo, ho ka etsahala hore Akila le Prisilla ba fihlile Korinthe ka nako e itseng pele ho hoetla ea selemo seo, ho lumella Pauluse ho lula teng ho tloha ka hoetla ea 50 C.E. ho ea ho selemo ka 52 C.E.a
26. Ke linako life tse tšoaeang likhato tse latellanang tsa leeto la boromuoa la boraro la Pauluse?
26 Leeto la Boromuoa la Boraro la Pauluse, hoo e ka bang ka 52-56 C.E. Ka mor’a hore ho fete “matsatsi a mang” Pauluse a le Antioke ea Syria, o ne a boetse a le tseleng ea hae e lebang Asia Minor, ’me ho ka etsahala hore o ile a fihla Efese nakong ea mariha ka 52-53 C.E. (Lik. 18:23; 19:1) Pauluse o ile a lula moo “ka likhoeli tse tharo” ’me ka “lilemo tse peli” a ruta Efese, ’me hamorao a leba Macedonia. (Lik. 19:8-10) Hamorao, o hopotsa balebeli ba tsoang Efese hore o sebelelitse har’a bona “ka lilemo tse tharo,” empa ho ka etsahala hore eo ke palo e akaretsang. (Lik. 20:31) Ho bonahala hore Pauluse o tlohile Efese ka mor’a “Pentekonta” pejana ka 55 C.E., a tsamaea tsela eohle ho feta Korinthe, Greece, a fihla ka nako ho lula likhoeli tse tharo tsa mariha moo. Joale a khutlela ’nģa leboea ho fihla ka nako ea Paseka Filippi ka 56 C.E. Ho tloha moo a kena sekepeng ho leba Troase le Mileta ea Cesarea le ho kena leetong le eang Jerusalema, a fihla teng ka Pentekonta ea 56 C.E.b—1 Ba-Kor. 16:5-8; Lik. 20:1-3, 6, 15, 16; 21:8, 15-17.
27. Linako tsa liketsahalo tse tsoetseng pele ho fihlela qetellong ea ho holehoa ha pele ha Pauluse Roma ke life?
27 Lilemo tse Phethelang, 56-100 C.E. Ebile kapele ka mor’a hore Pauluse a fihle Jerusalema ha a tšoaroa. A isoa Cesarea le ho lula kholehong ka lilemo tse peli, ho fihlela ’musisi Festuse a nkela Felixe sebaka. (Lik. 21:33; 23:23-35; 24:27) Nako ea ho fihla ha Festuse le ea ho ea ha Pauluse Roma ho bonahala e ne e ka ba 58 C.E.c Ka mor’a hore sekepe seo Pauluse a leng ho sona se senyehe le ho hlola mariha Melita, leeto le ile la phethoa hoo e ka bang ka 59 C.E., ’me tlaleho e bontša hore o ile a lula kholehong Roma, a bolela le ho ruta, ka nako e etsang lilemo tse peli, kapa ho fihlela ka hoo e ka bang ka 61 C.E.—Lik. 27:1; 28:1, 11, 16, 30, 31.
28. Ka ho utloahalang ke linako life tse ka behoang bakeng sa liketsahalo tsa ho qetela bophelong ba Pauluse?
28 Le hoja tlaleho ea histori ea Liketso e sa re bolelle ho hong ho feta mona, ho na le lipontšo tsa hore Pauluse o ile a lokolloa le ho tsoela pele ka mosebetsi oa hae oa boromuoa, a etela Kreta, Greece, le Macedonia. Hore na o ile a fihla Spain ha ho tsejoe. Ho ka etsahala hore Pauluse e bile moshoela-tumelo matsohong a Nero kapele ka mor’a ho kenngoa ha hae kholehong ka lekhetlo la ho qetela Roma hoo e ka bang ka 65 C.E. Histori ea lefatše e fana ka July ea 64 C.E. e le nako eo ho bileng le mollo o moholo Roma, ka mor’a oona Nero a tsosa tlhoriso e khōlō khahlanong le Bakreste. Ho ba kholehong ka “mahlaahlela” ha Pauluse le ho bolaoa ha hae ho tšoanela nako ena.—2 Tim. 1:16; 4:6, 7.
29. Mehla ea baapostola e ile ea fela neng, ’me ebile ka ho ngoloa ha libuka life tsa Bibele?
29 Libuka tse hlano tsa moapostola Johanne li ngotsoe qetellong ea nako ea tlhoriso ea Moemphera Domitian. Ho boleloa hore o ile a itšoara joaloka lehlanya nakong ea lilemo tse tharo tsa ho busa ha hae, e neng e akaretsa 81-96 C.E. E ne e le ha Johanne a ne a le botšoaruoeng ka ntle ho naha sehleke-hlekeng sa Patmose ha a ngola Tšenolo, hoo e ka bang ka 96 C.E.d Kosepele ea hae le mangolo a mararo a ngotsoe ha a le Efese kapa haufi le teng ka mor’a ho lokolloa, ’me enoa oa ho qetela ho baapostola o ile a shoa hoo e ka bang ka 100 C.E.
30. Thuto ena ea tatellano ea liketsahalo ea Bibele e na le molemo ofe?
30 Ho ka bonoa hore ka ho bapisa liketsahalo tsa histori ea lefatše le tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Bibele le boprofeta ba eona, re thusoa ho beha liketsahalo tsa Bibele ka ho hlakileng haholoanyane kemisong e sa khaotseng ea nako. Ho lumellana ha tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Bibele ho tlatsetsa ho tšepa ha rōna Mangolo a Halalelang e le Lentsoe la Molimo.
[Mongolo o botlaaseng ba leqephe]
a Ha u ithuta khaolo ena, ho ka thusa ho sheba Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 1, maqephe 458-67.
b Thuto 2, lirapa 28, 29.
c Ho tloha nakong eo Abrahama a tšetseng Eufrate ka eona ho isa ho tsoaloeng ha Isaaka e bile lilemo tse 25; ho fetela ho tsoaloeng ha Jakobo, lilemo tse 60; Jakobo o ne a le lilemo li 130 ha a theohela Egepeta.—Gen. 12:4; 21:5; 25:26; 47:9.
d Ka 1990, nako eo e lipakeng e lokela ho tlosoa ho lilemo tse 6 015.
e Awake!, September 22, 1986, maqephe 17-27; April 8, 1972, maqephe 5-20.
f Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, maqephe 57-8.
g The Watchtower, 1976, leqephe 247; 1959, maqephe 489-92.
h Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, leqephe 614-16.
i Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, maqephe 899-904.
j The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 1987, Moq. 5, leqephe 880.
k Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, leqephe 747.
l Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, leqephe 747.
a Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 1, maqephe 476, 886.
b Insight on the Scriptures, Moq. 2, leqephe 747.
c Analytical Concordance to the Bible ea Young, leqephe 342, tlas’a “Festus.”
d Notes on the Book of Revelation, 1852, ea Albert Barnes, maqephe xxix, xxx.
LIKETSAHALO TSE KHŌLŌ BOPHELONG BA LEFATŠENG BA JESU—Likosepele tse ’Nè li Hlophisitsoe ho ea ka Tatellano ea Liketsahalo
Matšoao: a. e emetse “ka mor’a”; c. e emetse “hoo e ka bang ka.”
Nako Sebaka Ketsahalo
Ho Isa Tšebeletsong ea Jesu
3 B.C.E. Jerusalema, Ho tsoaloa ha Johanne Mokolobetsi
ho boleloa esale pele
tempeleng ho Zakaria
c. 2 B.C.E. Nazaretha; Ho tsoaloa ha Jesu ho boleloa esale pele ho Maria,
Judea ea etelang Elizabetha
2 B.C.E. Naha e maralla Ho tsoaloa ha Johanne Mokolobetsi; hamorao,
ea Judea bophelo ba hae feelleng
2 B.C.E., Bethlehema Ho tsoaloa ha Jesu (Lentsoe, eo ka eena
c. Oct. 1 lintho tsohle li bileng teng) e le setloholo sa
Abrahama le sa Davida
Haufi le Bethlehema Lengeloi le tsebisa phatlalatsa litaba tse molemo;
balisa ba etela lesea
Bethlehema; Jesu oa bolotsoa (letsatsing la bo8),
Jerusalema o hlahisoa tempeleng (letsatsing la bo40)
1 B.C.E. Jerusalema; Balepi ba linaleli; ho balehela Egepeta;
kapa 1 C.E. Bethlehema; masea aa bolaoa; Jesu oa khutla
Nazaretha Mt 2:1-23 Lu 2:39, 40
12 C.E. Jerusalema Jesu ea lemo li leshome le metso e ’meli
Pasekeng; o ea hae Lu 2:41-52
Ho Qala ha Tšebeletso ea Jesu
29, hoetla Nōkeng ea Kolobetso le ho tlosoa ha Jesu,
Jordane ho tsoaloa e le motho lelokong la Davida
empa o tsebisoa phatlalatsa e le Mor’a Molimo
Phula ea Jordane Barutuoa ba pele ba Jesu
e Kaholimo Joh 1:35-51
Kana ea Galilea; Mohlolo oa pele oa Jesu;
Kapernauma o etela Kapernauma
30, Paseka Jerusalema Ho keteka Paseka; o leleka
ba ananyang ka lichelete tempeleng
Jerusalema Puisano ea Jesu
le Nikodema Joh 3:1-21
Tiberiase Johanne oa tšoaroa; Jesu o ea
Sikare, Tseleng e eang Samaria Galilea, Jesu o ruta Basamaria
Tšebeletso e Khōlō ea Jesu Galilea
Galilea Pele o tsebisa phatlalatsa, “’Muso oa
maholimo o atametse”
Nazaretha; O folisa moshanyana;
Kana; o bala thōmo; o-oa hanoa;
Kapernauma; o fetela Kapernauma
Leoatle la Ho bitsoa ha Simone le Andrease,
Galilea, haufi le Jakobo le Johanne Mt 4:18-22
Kapernauma Mr 1:16-20 Lu 5:1-11
Kapernauma O folisa motho ea nang le modemona,
hape le mohoehali oa Petrose
le ba bang ba bangata
Judea O bolela masynagogeng a Judea
31, Paseka Jerusalema O ba moketeng oa lijo; o folisa monna; o khalemela
Bafarisi ka thata Joh 5:1-47
O khutla Barutuoa ba hae ba kha liqoapi
Jerusalema (?) tsa lijo-thollo ka Sabbatha
Galilea; O folisa letsoho ka Sabbatha; o phomola
Leoatle la lebopong la leoatle; o-oa folisa
Galilea Mt 12:9-21
Thabeng pel’a Ba 12 ba khethoa e le baapostola
Kapernauma Mr 3:13-19 Lu 6:12-16
Haufi le Kapernauma Thuto ea Thabeng
Naine O tsosa mor’a mohlolohali Lu 7:11-17
Galilea Johanne kholehong o romela barutuoa
ho Jesu Mt 11:2-19 Lu 7:18-35
Galilea Maoto a tlotsoa ke mosali oa moetsalibe;
papiso ea batho ba nang le molato
oa chelete Lu 7:36-50
Galilea Leeto la bobeli la boboleli
Galilea, le ba 12 Lu 8:1-3
Galilea Motho ea nang le modemona
o-oa folisoa; o qosoa ka
kamano le Beelzebule
Galilea Bangoli le Bafarisi ba batla
pontšo Mt 12:38-45
Gadara, Boroa Batho ba babeli ba nang le bademona
bo ka Bochabela baa folisoa; mohlape oa likolobe
ho Leoatle la Galilea o nang le bademona
Galilee Mr 5:1-20 Lu 8:26-39
Mohlomong Ho tsosoa ha morali oa Jairuse; mosali
Kapernauma oa folisoa Mt 9:18-26 Mr 5:21-43
Kapernauma (?) Ho folisoa lifofu tse peli le semumu
se nang le modemona Mt 9:27-34
Tiberiase Johanne Mokolobetsi o
khaoloa hlooho; Heroda ea
molato o kenoa ke tšabo
32, Paseka Kapernauma (?); Baapostola ba khutla leetong la boboleli;
e haufi leboea le ka bochabela ho feptjoa ba 5 000 Mt 14:13-21
(Joh. 6:4) ho Leoatle la Mr 6:30-44 Lu 9:10-17
Galilea Joh 6:1-13
Lehlakore le ka Boiteko ba ho etsa Jesu morena; o tsamaea
leboea le ka bochabela holim’a leoatle; o-oa folisa Mt 14:22-36
ho Leoatle la Galilea; Mr 6:45-56 Joh 6:14-21
Gennesarete
Kapernauma O itsebahatsa e le “bohobe ba bophelo”; barutuoa
ba bangata ba mo tlohela Joh 6:22-71
32, ka mor’a Mohlomong Litloaelo tse etsang Lentsoe la Molimo
Paseka Kapernauma lefeela Mt 15:1-20 Mr 7:1-23 Joh 7:1
Fenisia; Haufi le Tyre, Sidone; ho fetela Decapolise;
Decapolise ho feptjoa ba 4 000 Mt 15:21-38
Magadane Basadduci le Bafarisi ba boetse ba batla
pontšo Mt 15:39–16:4 Mr 8:10-12
Lehlakoreng le O lemosa ka tomoso ea Bafarisi;
ka leboea le ka o folisa sefofu Mt 16:5-12
bochabela ho Leoatle Mr 8:13-26
la Galilea; Bethsaida
Mohlomong O fetoha tšobotsi ka ho khanyang
Thabeng ea pel’a Petrose, Jakobo, le Johanne
Hermone Mt 17:1-13 Mr 9:2-13
Cesarea O folisa motho ea nang le modemona
Filippi ea hlōtseng barutuoa ba hae
Kapernauma Chelete ea lekhetho e fanoa
ka mohlolo Mt 17:24-27
Kapernauma Ea moholo ka ho fetisa ’Musong;
ho lokisa liphoso; mohau
Galilea; O tloha Galilea bakeng sa Mokete
Samaria oa Metlotloane; ntho e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe
e khethetsoe tšebeletso
Tšebeletso ea Jesu Hamorao Judea
32, Mokete Jerusalema Thuto ea Jesu ea phatlalatsa Moketeng
oa Metlotloane oa Metlotloane Joh 7:11-52
Jerusalema Ho ruta ka mor’a Mokete; o folisa
sefofu Joh 8:12–9:41
Mohlomong Ba 70 ba rongoa ho ea bolela; baa
Judea khutla, peho Lu 10:1-24
Judea; O bolela ka Mosamaria ea nang
Bethania le moea oa boahisani; tlung
ea Maretha, Maria Lu 10:25-42
Mohlomong O ruta hape ka thapelo ea mohlala;
Judea ho phehella ho kōpa Lu 11:1-13
Mohlomong Tafoleng ea Bafarisi, Jesu
Judea o nyatsa baikaketsi Lu 11:37-54
Mohlomong O folisa mosali ea holofetseng ka Sabbatha;
Judea lipapiso tse tharo Lu 13:1-21
Tšebeletso ea Jesu Hamorao Bochabela ho Jordane
Mose oane Ba bangata ba beha tumeloho ho Jesu
Jordane Joh 10:40-42
Perea (mose oane O ruta metseng, metsaneng, o tsamaela
ho Jordane) Jerusalema Lu 13:22
Mohlomong Boikokobetso; setšoantšo sa lijo tsa
Perea bohlokoa tsa mantsiboea Lu 14:1-24
Mohlomong Ho bala litšenyehelo tsa ho ba morutuoa
Perea Lu 14:25-35
Mohlomong Lipapiso: nku e lahlehileng, chelete
Perea ea tšepe e lahlehileng, mora
ea lehlasoa Lu 15:1-32
Mohlomong Lipapiso: mohlokomeli ea sa lokang,
Perea morui le Lazaro Lu 16:1-31
Bethania Lazaro o tsosoa bafung ke Jesu
Jerusalema; Keletso ea Kaiafa khahlanong le Jesu;
Efraime Jesu a ikhula Joh 11:47-54
Samaria kapa Lipapiso: mohlolohali ea phehellang
Galilea kōpong ea hae, Mofarisi le molekhetho
Perea O theohela Perea; o ruta ka tlhalo
Perea Mohlankana oa morui; papiso ea basebetsi
tšimong ea merara Mt 19:16–20:16 Mr 10:17-31
Mohlomong Ka lekhetlo la boraro Jesu o profeta
Perea lefu la hae, tsoho
Jeriko Ha a feta Jeriko, o folisa banna ba babeli
ba lifofu; o etela Zakea; papiso
ea limina tse leshome
Tšebeletso ea ho Qetela ea Jesu Jerusalema
Nisane 8, 33 Bethania O fihla Bethania matsatsi a tšeletseng
pele ho Paseka Joh 11:55–12:1
Nisane 9 Bethania Mokete tlung ea Simone oa molepera;
Maria o tlotsa Jesu; Bajode ba tla ho tla
bona Jesu le Lazaro
Bethania- Kreste o kena ka mokhoa oa tlhōlo
Jerusalema Jerusalema
Nisane 10 Bethania- Sefate sa feie se sa beeng litholoana
Jerusalema sea rohakoa; ho hloekisoa ha bobeli
ha tempele Mt 21:18, 19, 12, 13
Jerusalema Baprista ba baholo le bangoli ba etsa leqheka
la bolotsana la ho felisa Jesu Mr 11:18, 19
Jerusalema Puisano le Bagerike; ho se lumele
ha Bajode Joh 12:20-50
Nisane 11 Bethania- Sefate sa feie se sa beeng litholoana
Jerusalema se fumanoa se omelletse
Jerusalema, Matla a taelo a Kreste a belaeloa;
tempeleng papiso ea bara ba babeli
Jerusalema, Lipapiso tsa balemi ba khopo,
tempeleng mokete oa lenyalo Mt 21:33–22:14
Jerusalema, Lipotso tse tšoasang ka lekhetho, tsoho,
tempeleng molao Mt 22:15-40
Jerusalema, Jesu o ba tholisa potsong ea
tempeleng leloko la Messia Mt 22:41-46 Mr 12:35-37
Jerusalema, Chelete ea boleng bo fokolang ea
tempeleng mohlolohali Mr 12:41-44 Lu 21:1-4
Thabeng ea Boprofeta ba ho oa ha Jerusalema,
Mehloare ho ba teng ha Jesu, bofelo ba
tsamaiso Mt 24:1-51 Mr 13:1-37
Thabeng ea Lipapiso: baroetsana ba leshome, litalenta,
Mehloare linku le lipoli Mt 25:1-46
Nisane 12 Jerusalema Baeta-pele ba bolumeli ba etsa morero
oa bolotsana oa ho bolaea Jesu
Jerusalema Judase o rerisana ka lichelete le baprista
bakeng sa ho eka Jesu Mt 26:14-16
Nisane 13 Haufi le Litokisetso tsa Paseka
(Labone motšehare Jerusalema le Mt 26:17-19 Mr 14:12-16
oa mantsiboea) hona teng Lu 22:7-13
Jerusalema Jesu o hlatsoa maoto a baapostola
ba hae Joh 13:1-20
Jerusalema Judase o tsebahatsoa e le moeki ’me
o-oa ntšoa Mt 26:21-25 Mr 14:18-21
Jerusalema Ho hlongoa sejo sa Sehopotso le ba
11
[1 Cor. 11:23-25]
Jerusalema Ho itatola ha Petrose le ho qhalanngoa ha
baapostola ho boleloa esale pele
Gethsemane Bohloko serapeng; ho ekoa ha Jesu
Jerusalema O hlongoa lipotso ke Annase; nyeoeng pel’a
Kaiafa, Sanhedrin; Petrose o-oa latola
Jerusalema Judase moeki oa iphanyeha
Jerusalema O neheloa lefung, hamorao Pilato
o batla ho mo lokolla
(c. 3:00 motšehare
oa mantsiboea, Golgotha, Lefu la Jesu thupeng ea tlhokofatso,
Labohlano) Jerusalema le liketsahalo tse ileng tsa latela
Jerusalema Setopo sa Jesu se fanyolloa thupeng
ea tlhokofatso le ho patoa
Nisane 15 Jerusalema Baprista le Bafarisi ba lebela
lebitla Mt 27:62-66
Nisane 16 Jerusalema Tsoho ea Jesu le liketsahalo tsa
le haufi le eona letsatsing leo Mt 28:1-15
a. Nisane 16 Jerusalema; Ho latela ho itlhahisa ha Jesu
Galilea Kreste Mt 28:16-20
Iyyare 25 Thabeng ea Ho nyoloha ha Jesu, letsatsi la bo40
Mehloare, haufi ka mor’a ho tsoha ha hae [Lik. 1:9-12]
le Bethania Lu 24:50-53
Lipotso chateng e akaretsang “Liketsahalo tse Khōlō Bophelong ba Lefatšeng ba Jesu”:
(a) Bolela liketsahalo tse ling tse hlahelletseng tšebeletsong ea Jesu ho fihlela ho tšoaroeng ha Johanne Mokolobetsi.
(b) Fana ka sebaka le selemo bakeng sa liketsahalo tse latelang: (1)) Ho bitsoa ha Simone le Andrease, Jakobo le Johanne. (2) Ho khethoa ha baapostola ba 12. (3) Thuto ea Thabeng. (4) Ho fetoha sebōpeho ho khanyang. (5) Ho tsosoa ha Lazaro bafung. (6) Ketelo ea Jesu lehaeng la Zakea.
(c) Bolela mehlolo e meng e hlahelletseng ea Jesu; bolela hore e etsahetse neng le hore na ke hokae.
(d) Ke liketsahalo life tse ling tse khōlō tse amang Jesu tse etsahetseng ho tloha ka Nisane 8 ho ea ho Nisane 16, 33 C.E.?
(e) Lipapiso tse ling tse hlahelletseng tse fanoeng ke Jesu nakong ea tšebeletso ea hae lefatšeng ke life?
CHATE EA LINAKO TSA HISTORI TSE HLAHELLETSENG HAHOLO
Matšoao: a. e emetse “ka mor’a”; b. e emetse “pele ho”; c. e emetse “hoo e ka bang ka.”
Nako Ketsahalo Tšupiso
4026 B.C.E. Ho bōptjoa ha Adama Gen. 2:7
a. 4026 B.C.E. Ho etsoa ha selekane sa Edene, Gen. 3:15
boprofeta ba pele
b. 3896 B.C.E. Kaine o bolaea Abele Gen. 4:8
3896 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Setha Gen. 5:3
3404 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Henoke ea Gen. 5:18
lokileng
3339 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Methusela Gen. 5:21
3152 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Lemeke Gen. 5:25
3096 B.C.E. Lefu la Adama Gen. 5:5
3039 B.C.E. Ho fetisoa ha Henoke; ha felisa Gen. 5:23, 24;
nako ea hae ea ho profeta Juda 14
2970 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Noe Gen. 5:28, 29
2490 B.C.E. Phatlalatso ea Molimo bakeng Gen. 6:3
sa moloko oa batho
2470 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Jafeta Gen. 5:32; 9:24;
2468 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Sema Gen. 7:11; 11:10
2370 B.C.E. Lefu la Methusela Gen. 5:27
Metsi a moroallo (hoetla) Gen. 7:6, 11
2369 B.C.E. Ho etsoa ha selekane ka Gen. 8:13; 9:16
mor’a Moroallo
2368 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Arpaxade Gen. 11:10
a. 2269 B.C.E. Ho hahuoa ha Tora ea Gen. 11:4
Babele
2020 B.C.E. Lefu la Noe Gen. 9:28, 29
2018 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Abrahama Gen. 11:26, 32; 12:4
1943 B.C.E. Abrahama o tšela Eufrate Gen. 12:4, 7;
tseleng ea hae ho ea Kanana; Ex. 12:40;
selekane le Abrahama sea tiisoa; Ba-Gal. 3:17
ho qala ha nako ea lilemo tse
430 ho ea selekaneng
sa Molao
b. 1933 B.C.E. Lota oa pholosoa; Abrahama o Gen. 14:16, 18; 16:3
etela Melkisedeke
1932 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Ishmaele Gen. 16:15, 16
1919 B.C.E. Ho etsoa ha selekane sa lebollo Gen. 17:1, 10, 24
Kahlolo ea Sodoma le Gen. 19:24
Gomorrha
1918 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Isaaka, mojalefa Gen. 21:2, 5;
oa’nete; ho qala ha ‘lilemo tse Lik. 13:17-20
ka bang 450’
1913 B.C.E. Ho khoesoa ha Isaaka; Ishmaele Gen. 21:8; 15:13;
oa lelekoa; ho qala ha ho Lik. 7:6
tujoa ka lilemo tse 400
1881 B.C.E. Lefu la Sara Gen. 17:17; 23:1
1878 B.C.E. Lenyalo la Isaaka le Rebeka Gen. 25:20
1868 B.C.E. Lefu la Sema Gen. 11:11
1858 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Esau le Jakobo Gen. 25:26
1843 B.C.E. Lefu la Abrahama Gen. 25:7
1818 B.C.E. Esau o nyala basali ba babeli Gen. 26:34
1795 B.C.E. Lefu la Ishmaele Gen. 25:17
1781 B.C.E. Jakobo o balehela Kharane; Gen. 28:2, 13, 19
pono ea hae Bethele
1774 B.C.E. Jakobo o nyala Lea le Ragele Gen. 29:23-30
1767 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Josefa Gen. 30:23, 24
1761 B.C.E. Jakobo o khutlela Kanana Gen. 31:18, 41
ho tsoa Kharane
c. 1761 B.C.E. Jakobo o loana le lengeloi; Gen. 32:24-28
o rehoa lebitso la Iseraele
1750 B.C.E. Josefa o rekisoa e le lekhoba Gen. 37:2, 28
ke bana babo
1738 B.C.E. Lefu la Isaaka Gen. 35:28, 29
1737 B.C.E. Josefa o etsoa tona-khōlō Gen. 41:40, 46
ea Egepeta
1711 B.C.E. Lefu la Jakobo Gen. 47:28
1657 B.C.E. Lefu la Josefa Gen. 50:26
b. 1613 B.C.E. Teko ea Jobo Jobo 1:8; 42:16
a. 1600 B.C.E. Egepeta e fumana botumo Ex. 1:8
ho ba ’muso oa pele oa lefatše
1593 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Moshe Ex. 2:2, 10
c. 1514 B.C.E. Moshe o sehlahleng se tukang Ex. 3:2
1513 B.C.E. Paseka; Baiseraele ba tloha Ex. 12:12;
Egepeta; pholoso Leoatleng le Ex 14:27, 29, 30;
Lefubelu; matla a Egepeta a Gen. 15:13, 14
sisinngoa; bofelo ba lilemo
tse 400 tsa ho tujoa
Selekane sa Molao Thabeng Ex. 24:6-8
ea Sinai (Horebe)
Bofelo ba nako ea lilemo tse Ba-Gal. 3:17;
430 ho tloha ho tiisoeng ha Ex. 12:40
selekane le Abrahama
1512 B.C.E. Ho phethoa ha kaho ea Ex. 40:17
Tabernakele
Ho hlongoa ha boprista ba Lev. 8:34-36
Aarone
Moshe o qeta Exoda le Levitike Lev. 27:34; Num. 1:1
c. 1473 B.C.E. Moshe o qeta buka ea Jobo Jobo 42:16, 17
1473 B.C.E. Moshe o qeta Numere Num. 35:1; 36:13
Lithoteng tsa Moabe
Selekane le Baiseraele Moabe Deut. 29:1
Moshe o ngola Deuteronoma Deut. 1:1, 3
Moshe o shoela Thabeng Deut. 34:1, 5, 7
ea Nebo e leng Moabe
Baiseraele ba kena Kanana Josh. 4:19
tlas’a boeta-pele ba Joshua
1467 B.C.E. Tlhōlo e khōlō e-ea phethoa Josh. 11:23; 14:7,
naheng; ho fela ha ‘lilemo tse Jos 14:10-15
ka bang 450’ tsa Liketso 13:17-20
c. 1450 B.C.E. Buka ea Joshua e phethiloe Josh. 1:1; 24:26
Lefu la Joshua Josh. 24:29
1117 B.C.E. Samuele o tlotsa Saule ho 1 Sam. 10:24;
ba morena oa Iseraele Lik. 13:21
1107 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Davida Bethlehema 1 Sam. 16:1
c. 1100 B.C.E. Samuele o qetella ho ngola Baahl. 21:25
buka ea Baahloli
c. 1090 B.C.E. Samuele o qetella ho ngola Ruthe 4:18-22
buka ea Ruthe
c. 1078 B.C.E. Buka ea 1 Samuele e-ea phethoa 1 Sam. 31:6
1077 B.C.E. Davida o fetoha morena oa 2 Sam. 2:4
Juda Hebrone
1070 B.C.E. Davida o fetoha morena oa 2 Sam. 5:3-7
Iseraele eohle; o etsa Jerusalema
motse-moholo oa hae
a. 1070 B.C.E. Areka e tlisoa Jerusalema; 2 Sam. 6:15; 7:12-16
selekane bakeng sa ’muso
se etsoa le Davida
c. 1040 B.C.E. Gade le Nathane ba 2 Sam. 24:18
qetella 2 Samuele
1037 B.C.E. Salomone o hlahlama Davida 1 Mar. 1:39; 2:12
e le morena oa Iseraele
1034 B.C.E. Kaho ea tempele ea Salomone 1 Mar. 6:1
e-ea qalisoa
1027 B.C.E. Tempele Jerusalema e phethiloe 1 Mar. 6:38
c. 1020 B.C.E. Salomone o phetha Sefela sa Lifela Sefela 1:1
sa Salomone
b. 1000 B.C.E. Salomone o phetha buka ea Moek. 1:1
Moeklesia
997 B.C.E. Roboame o hlahlama Salomone; 1 Mar. 11:43;
’muso oa arohana; Jeroboame 1Ki 12:19, 20
o qala ho busa e le morena
oa Iseraele
993 B.C.E. Shishake o hlasela Juda le ho 1 Mar. 14:25, 26
nka matlotlo a tempele
980 B.C.E. Abijame (Abija) o hlahlama 1 Mar. 15:1, 2
Roboame e le morena oa Juda
977 B.C.E. Asa o hlahlama Abijame e le 1 Mar. 15:9, 10
morena oa Juda
c. 976 B.C.E. Nadabe o hlahlama Jeroboame 1 Mar. 14:20
e le morena oa Iseraele
c. 975 B.C.E. Baesha o hlahlama Nadabe 1 Mar. 15:33
e le morena oa Iseraele
c. 952 B.C.E. Ela o hlahlama Baesha e le 1 Mar. 16:8
morena oa Iseraele
c. 951 B.C.E. Zimri o hlahlama Ela e le 1 Mar. 16:15
morena oa Iseraele
Omri le Tibni ba hlahlama Zimri 1 Mar. 16:21
e le marena a Iseraele
c. 947 B.C.E. Omri o busa e le morena 1 Mar. 16:22, 23
Iseraele a le mong
c. 940 B.C.E. Akabe o hlahlama Omri e le 1 Mar. 16:29
morena oa Iseraele
936 B.C.E. Josefate o hlahlama Asa e le 1 Mar. 22:41, 42
morena oa Juda
c. 919 B.C.E. Akazia o hlahlama Akabe e le 1 Mar. 22:51, 52
morena a le mong oa Iseraele
c. 917 B.C.E. Jorame oa Iseraele o hlahlama 2 Mar. 3:1
Akazia e le morena a le mong
913 B.C.E. Jorame oa Juda ‘o qala ho 2 Mar. 8:16, 17
busa,’le Josefate
c. 906 B.C.E. Akazia o hlahlama Jorame e le 2 Mar. 8:25, 26
morena oa Juda
c. 905 B.C.E. Mofumahali Athalia o inkela 2 Mar. 11:1-3
terone ka mahahapa Juda
Jehu o hlahlama Jorame e le 2 Mar. 9:24, 27;
morena oa Iseraele 2Ki 10:36
898 B.C.E. Joase o hlahlama Akazia e le 2 Mar. 12:1
morena oa Juda
876 B.C.E. Joakaze o hlahlama Jehu e le 2 Mar. 13:1
morena oa Iseraele
c. 859 B.C.E. Joase o hlahlama Joakaze e le 2 Mar. 13:10
morena oa Iseraele
858 B.C.E. Amatsia o hlahlama Joase e le 2 Mar. 14:1, 2
morena oa Juda
c. 844 B.C.E. Jeroboame II o hlahlama Joase 2 Mar. 14:23
e le morena oa Iseraele
Jonase o qeta buka ea Jonase Jonase 1:1, 2
829 B.C.E. Oziase (Azaria) o hlahlama 2 Mar. 15:1, 2
Amatsia e le morena oa Juda
c. 820 B.C.E. Mohlomong ho ngoloa ha buka ea Joele 1:1
Joele
c. 804 B.C.E. Amose o phetha buka ea Amose 1:1
Amose
c. 792 B.C.E. Zakaria o busa e le morena oa 2 Mar. 15:8
Iseraele (ka likhoeli tse 6)
c. 791 B.C.E. Shallume o hlahlama Zakaria 2 Mar. 15:13, 17
e le morena oa Iseraele
Menaheme o hlahlama Shallume
e le morena oa Iseraele
c. 780 B.C.E. Pekakia o hlahlama Menaheme 2 Mar. 15:23
e le morena oa Iseraele
c. 778 B.C.E. Pekah o hlahlama Pekakia 2 Mar. 15:27
e le morena oa Iseraele
c. 778 B.C.E. Esaia o qala ho profeta Esa. 1:1; 6:1
777 B.C.E. Jothame o hlahlama Oziase 2 Mar. 15:32, 33
(Azaria) e le morena oa Juda
c. 761 B.C.E. Akaze o hlahlama Jothame 2 Mar. 16:1, 2
e le morena oa Juda
c. 758 B.C.E. Osea ‘e ba morena’ 2 Mar. 15:30
oa Iseraele
745 B.C.E. Ezekiase o hlahlama Akaze 2 Mar. 18:1, 2
e le morena oa Juda
a. 745 B.C.E. Hosea o phetha buka ea Hos. 1:1
Hosea
740 B.C.E. Assyria e busa Iseraele, 2 Mar. 17:6, 13, 18
e nka Samaria
732 B.C.E. Sankeribe o hlasela Juda 2 Mar. 18:13
a. 732 B.C.E. Esaia o phetha buka ea Esaia Esa. 1:1
b. 717 B.C.E. Mikea o phetha buka ea Mikea Mik. 1:1
c. 717 B.C.E. Ho bokelloa ha Liproverbia Liprov. 25:1
hoa phethoa
716 B.C.E. Manasse o hlahlama Ezekiase 2 Mar. 21:1
e le morena oa Juda
661 B.C.E. Amone o hlahlama Manasse 2 Mar. 21:19
e le morena oa Juda
659 B.C.E. Josiase o hlahlama Amone 2 Mar. 22:1
e le morena oa Juda
b. 648 B.C.E. Sofonia o phetha buka Sof. 1:1
ea Sofonia
647 B.C.E. Jeremia o rongoa e le Jer. 1:1, 2, 9, 10
moprofeta
b. 632 B.C.E. Nahume o phetha buka Nah. 1:1
ea Nahume
632 B.C.E. Ninive e oela ho Bakalde Nah. 3:7
le Bamede
Babylona joale e fetoha ’muso
oa boraro oa lefatše
628 B.C.E. Joakaze, o hlahlama Josiase, o 2 Mar. 23:31
busa e le morena oa Juda
Jojakime o hlahlama Joakaze 2 Mar. 23:36
e le morena oa Juda
c. 628 B.C.E. Habakuke o phetha buka Hab. 1:1
ea Habakuke
625 B.C.E. Nebukadnezare (II) e ba morena Jer. 25:1
oa Babylona; selemo sa pele a
hlomamisitsoe boreneng se baloa
ho tloha ka Nisane ea 624 B.C.E.
620 B.C.E. Nebukadnezare o etsa Jojakime 2 Mar. 24:1
morena oa mofo ea lefang lekhetho
618 B.C.E. Jojakine e ba morena ka mor’a 2 Mar. 24:6, 8
Jojakime Juda
617 B.C.E. Nebukadnezare o isa bathopuoa Dan. 1:1-4;
ba pele ba Bajode Babylona
Tsedekia o etsoa morena oa 2 Mar. 24:12-18
Juda
613 B.C.E. Ezekiele o qala ho profeta Ezek. 1:1-3
609 B.C.E. Nebukadnezare o hlasela
Juda ka lekhetlo la boraro; o 2 Mar. 25:1, 2
qala ho thibella Jerusalema
607 B.C.E. Khoeli ea bohlano (Ab), tempele 2 Mar. 25:8-10;
e-ea chesoa ’me Jerusalema Jer. 52:12-14
e-ea timetsoa
Khoeli ea bosupa, Bajode ba 2 Mar. 25:25, 26;
tlohela Juda; ho qala ho bala Luka 21:24
“linako tse khethiloeng tsa balichaba”
Jeremia o ngola Lillo Kenyelletso ea Lillo,
LXX
c. 607 B.C.E. Obadia o ngola buka Obad. 1
ea Obadia
c. 591 B.C.E. Ezekiele o phetha buka Ezek. 40:1; 29:17
ea Ezekiele
580 B.C.E. Libuka tsa Marena 1 le 2 Jer. 52:31;
le Jeremia lia phethoa 2 Mar. 25:27
539 B.C.E. Babylona e oela ho Bamede le Dan. 5:30, 31
Bapersia; Medo-Persia e fetoha
’muso oa bone oa lefatše
537 B.C.E. Taelo ea Cyruse Mopersia e 2 Likron. 36:22, 23;
lumellang Bajode ho khutlela Jer. 25:12; 29:10
Jerusalema e qala ho sebetsa;
lilemo tse 70 tsa ho ba lesupi ha
Jerusalema lia fela
c. 536 B.C.E. Daniele o phetha buka ea Daniele Dan. 10:1
536 B.C.E. Motheo oa tempele o raloa Esdr. 3:8-10
ke Zorobabele
522 B.C.E. Mosebetsi oa ho haha tempele Esda. 4:23, 24
oa thibeloa
520 B.C.E. Haggai o phetha buka ea Haggai Hag. 1:1
518 B.C.E. Zakaria o phetha buka ea Zakaria Zak. 1:1
515 B.C.E. Zorobabele o phetha tempele Esdr. 6:14, 15
ea bobeli
c. 475 B.C.E. Mordekai o phetha buka ea Esthere 3:7; 9:32
Esthere
468 B.C.E. Esdrase le baprista ba khutlela Esdr. 7:7
Jerusalema
c. 460 B.C.E. Esdrase o phetha libuka tsa Esdr. 1:1;
Likronike 1 le 2 le Esdrase; 2 Likron. 36:22
ho bokelloa ha ho qetela ha
Lipesaleme
455 B.C.E. Marako a Jerusalema a Neh. 1:1; 2:1, 11;
tsosolosoa ke Nehemia; Ne 6:15;
boprofeta ba libeke tse 70 Dan. 9:24
bo qala ho phethahala
a. 443 B.C.E. Nehemia o phetha buka ea Neh. 5:14
Nehemia
Malakia o phetha buka ea Malakia Mal. 1:1
406 B.C.E. Ho hahuoa hape ha Jerusalema Dan. 9:25
ho phethiloe
332 B.C.E. Greece, ’muso oa bohlano oa Dan. 8:21
lefatše, o busa Judea
c. 280 B.C.E. Septuagint ea Segerike e-ea qala
165 B.C.E. Ho neheloa hape ha tempele ka Joh. 10:22
mor’a ho silafatsoa ke litšebeletso
tsa melimo tsa Bagerike; Mokete
oa Nehelo
63 B.C.E. Roma, ’muso oa botšelela oa Joh. 19:15;
lefatše,e busa Jerusalema Tšen. 17:10
c. 37 B.C.E. Heroda (o khetheloa ho ba
morena oa Roma)a hlasela
le ho hapa Jerusalema ka
tšohanyetso
2 B.C.E. Ho tsoaloa ha Johanne Luka 1:60; 2:7
le Mokolobetsi ha Jesu
29 C.E. Johanne le Jesu ba qalisa Luka 3:1, 2, 23
tšebeletso ea bona
33 C.E. Nisane 14: Jesu o fetoha
sehlabelo ho rala motheo
bakeng sa selekane se Luka 22:20; 23:33
secha; oa fanyehoa
Nisane 16: tsoho ea Jesu Matt. 28:1-10
Sivane 6, Pentekonta: ho tšolloa Lik. 2:1-17, 38
ha moea; Petrose o bula tsela
bakeng sa Bajode ho kena
phuthehong ea Bokreste
36 C.E. Bofelo ba libeke tse 70 tsa lilemo; Dan. 9:24-27;
Petrose o etela Kornele, motho Lik. 10:1, 45
oa pele ho ba sa bolotsoang ba
balichaba ho kena phuthehong
ea Bokreste
c. 41 C.E. Mattheu o ngola Kosepele e nang
le sehlooho “Mattheu”
c. 47-48 C.E. Leeto la boromuoa la pele la Lik. 13:1–14:28
Pauluse lea qala
c. 49 C.E. Sehlopha se busang se ntša taelo Lik. 15:28, 29
e bontšang hore lebollo ha le
hlokahale ho balumeli ba
balichaba
c. 49-52 C.E. Leeto la boromuoa la bobeli Lik. 15:36–18:22
la Pauluse
c. 52-56 C.E. Leeto la boromuoa la boraro Lik. 18:23–21:19
la Pauluse
c. 55 C.E. Pauluse o ngola 1 Ba-Korinthe 1 Ba-Kor. 15:32;
a le Efese le 2 Ba-Korinthe a le 2 Ba-Kor. 2:12, 13
Macedonia
c. 56 C.E. Pauluse o ngolla Baroma lengolo Ba-Roma 16:1
a le Korinthe
c. 56-58 C.E. Luka o ngola Kosepele ea hae e Luka 1:1, 2
nang le sehlooho “Luka”
c. 60-61 C.E. Ho tsoa Roma Pauluse o ngolla:
Ba-Efese Ba-Ef. 3:1
Ba-Filippi Ba-Fil. 4:22
Ba-Kolosse Ba-Kol. 4:18
Filemone Fil. 1
c. 61 C.E. Pauluse o ngolla Baheberu Ba-Heb. 13:24; 10:34
a le Roma
Luka o phetha buka ea Liketso
a le Roma
b. 62 C.E. Jakobo, ngoan’abo Jesu, o Jak. 1:1
ngola lengolo le nang le sehlooho
“Jakobo” ho tsoa Jerusalema
c. 60-65 C.E. Mareka o ngola Kosepele e nang
le sehlooho “Mareka”
c. 61-64 C.E. Pauluse o ngola 1 Timothea 1 Tim. 1:3
a le Macedonia
Pauluse o ngolla Tite a le Tite 1:5
Macedonia (?)
c. 62-64 C.E. Petrose o ngola 1 Petrose 1 Pet. 1:1; 5:13
a le Babylona
c. 64 C.E. Petrose o ngola 2 Petrose 2 Pet. 1:1
a le Babylona (?)
c. 65 C.E. Pauluse o ngola 2 Timothea 2 Tim. 4:16-18
a le Roma
c. 96 C.E. Johanne, a le Patmose, Tšen. 1:9
o ngola Tšenolo
c. 98 C.E. Johanne o ngola Kosepele e Joh. 21:22, 23
nang le sehlooho “Johanne” le
mangolo a hae 1, 2, le 3 Johanne;
ho ngoloa ha Bibele ho phethiloe
c. 100 C.E. Johanne, oa ho qetela ho 2 Ba-Thess. 2:7
baapostola, oa shoa
TLHOKOMELISO: Ho hopoloe hore le hoja linako tse ngata ho tsena li tiisitsoe, mabapi le tse ling, ho fanoe ka linako tse batlang li atametse ho nako e boleloang, ho theiloe bopaking bo fumanehang. Morero oa chate ha se ho tiisa linako tse sa fetoheng bakeng sa ketsahalo ka ’ngoe empa ke ho thusa liithuti tsa Bibele ho fumana nako ea liketsahalo kemisong e sa khaotseng ea nako le ho bona kamano ea tsona le tse ling.
Lipotso ho “Chate ea Linako tsa Histori tse Hlahelletseng” le “Lethathamo la Libuka tsa Bibele”:
(a) Ka ho bapisa lichate tse peli, bolela mabitso a baprofeta ba bang ba Bibele le bangoli ba eona ba ileng ba phela (1) pele ho hlongoa ’muso oa Iseraele ka 1117 B.C.E., (2) nakong ea ’muso oa Iseraele le ’muso oa Juda, (3) ho tloha tšimolohong ea ho isoa botšoaruoeng Babylona ho fihlela ho phethoa Mangolo a halalelang a Seheberu.
(b) Bontša nako ea ho ngoloa ha mangolo a Pauluse mabapi le maeto a hae a boromuoa.
(c) Ke lintlha life tse ling tse thahasellisang tseo u li hlokomelang mabapi le nako ea ho ngoloa ha libuka tse ling tsa Mangolo a Segerike a Bokreste?
(d) Bapisa batho ba latelang le ketsahalo e itseng e hlahelletseng historing ea Bibele, u bolele hore na ebe ba ile ba phela pele ho ketsahalo eo kapa ka mor’a eona, kapa u ba amahanye le batho ba bang ba ileng ba phela ka nako e tšoanang: Sema, Samuele, Methusela, Lota, Morena Saule, Davida, Jobo, Morena Hosea oa Iseraele, Salomone, Aarone, Morena Tsedekia oa Juda.
(e) Ke liketsahalo life tse hlahelletseng tse etsahetseng nakong ea bophelo ba (1) Noe, (2) Abrahama, (3) Moshe?
(f) Bapisa lilemo tse latelang (B.C.E.) le liketsahalo tse hlahelletseng tse thathamisitsoeng ka tlase mona: 4026, 2370, 1943, 1513, 1473, 1117, 997, 740, 607, 539, 537, 455.
Ho bōptjoa ha Adama
Selekane sa Molao se entsoeng Sinai
Ho felisoa ha Jerusalema
Bajode ba khutlela Jerusalema ka mor’a taelo ea Cyruse
Ho ngoloa ha Bibele e bululetsoeng hoa qala
Moroallo oa qala
Babylona e oela ho Bamede le Bapersia
Morena oa pele oa Iseraele oa tlotsoa
Abrahama o tšela Eufrate; selekane le Abrahama sea tiisoa
’Muso oa Iseraele le ’muso oa Juda e-ea arohana
’Muso o ka leboea o etsoa makhoba ke Assyria
Marako a Jerusalema a tsosolosoa ke Nehemia
Baiseraele ba lopolloa Egepeta
Joshua o etella Baiseraele pele ho kena Kanana
Ho ba lesupi ha Jerusalema ka lilemo tse 70 hoa khaotsa
[Chate e leqepheng la 298]
LETHATHAMO LA LIBUKA TSA BIBELE
(Linako tse ling [le libaka tse ngotsoeng] ha li tiisoe. Letšoao a. le emetse “ka mor’a”; b., “pele ho”; c., “hoo e ka bang ka.”)
Libuka tsa Mangolo a Seheberu Pele ho Mehla e Tloaelehileng (B.C.E.)
Lebitso la Mongoli Sebaka Seo e Ho Ngoloa ho Nako e
Buka Ngoletsoeng Phethiloe ka Akarelitsoeng
ho Sona
Genese Moshe Lefeelleng 1513 “Tšimolohong” ho
ea ho 1657
Exoda Moshe Lefeelleng 1512 1657-1512
Levitike Moshe Lefeelleng 1512 Khoeli e le ’ngoe
(1512)
Numere Moshe Lefeelleng/ 1473 1512-1473
Lithoteng tsa Moabe
Deuteronoma Moshe Lithoteng tsa Moabe 1473 Likhoeli tse 2 (1473)
Joshua Joshua Kanana c.1450 1473-c. 1450
Baahloli Samuele Iseraele c.1100 c. 1450–c. 1120
Ruthe Samuele Iseraele c.1090 Lilemo tse 11 tsa
puso ea baahloli
1 Samuele Samuele; Iseraele c.1078 c. 1180-1078
Gade;
Nathane
2 Samuele Gade; Nathane Iseraele c.1040 1077–c. 1040
1 le 2 Marena Jeremia Juda/Egepeta 580 c. 1040-580
1 le 2 Likronike Esdrase Jerusalema (?) c.460 Ka mor’a 1 Likron. 9:44,
1077-537
Esdrase Esdrase Jerusalema c.460 537–c. 467
Nehemia Nehemia Jerusalema a.443 456–a. 443
Esthere Mordekai Susane, Elame c.475 493–c. 475
Jobo Moshe Lefeelleng c.1473 Ka holimo ho lilemo tse
140 pakeng tsa
1657 le 1473
Pesaleme Davida c.460
le ba bang
Liproverbia Salomone; Jerusalema c.717
Agure; Lemuele
Moeklesia Salomone Jerusalema b.1000
Sefela sa Salomone Jerusalema c.1020
Lifela
Esaia Esaia Jerusalema a.732 c. 778–a. 732
Jeremia Jeremia Juda/Egepeta 580 647-580
Lillo Jeremia Haufi le Jerusalema 607
Ezekiele Ezekiele Babylona c.591 613–c. 591
Daniele Daniele Babylona c.536 618–c. 536
Hosea Hosea Samaria (Setereke) a.745 b. 804–a. 745
Joele Joele Juda c.820 (?)
Amose Amose Juda c.804
Obadia Obadia c.607
Jonase Jonase c.844
Mikea Mikea Juda b.717 c. 777-717
Nahume Nahume Juda b.632
Habakuke Habakuke Juda c.628 (?)
Sofonia Sofonia Juda b.648
Haggai Haggai Jerusalema 520 Matsatsi a 112 (520)
Zakaria Zakaria Jerusalema 518 520-518
Malakia Malakia Jerusalema a.443
Libuka tsa Mangolo a Segerike tse Ngotsoeng Nakong ea Mehla e Tloaelehileng (C.E.)
Lebitso la Mongoli Sebaka Seo e Ho Ngoloa ho Nako e
Buka Ngoletsoeng Phethiloe ka Akarelitsoeng
ho Sona
Mattheu Mattheu Palestina c.41 2 B.C.E.–33 C.E.
Mareka Mareka Roma c.60-65 29-33 C.E.
Luka Luka Cesarea c.56-58 3 B.C.E.–33 C.E.
Johanne Moapostola Efese, kapa c.98 Ka mor’a kenyelletso,
Johanne haufi le teng 29-33 C.E.
Liketso Luka Roma c.61 33–c. 61 C.E.
Ba-Roma Pauluse Korinthe c.56
1 Ba-Korinthe Pauluse Efese c.55
2 Ba-Korinthe Pauluse Macedonia c.55
Ba-Galata Pauluse Korinthe kapa c.50-52
Antioke ea Syria
Ba-Efese Pauluse Roma c.60-61
Ba-Filippi Pauluse Roma c.60-61
Ba-Kolosse Pauluse Roma c.60-61
1 Ba-Thessalonika Pauluse Korinthe c.50
2 Ba-Thessalonika Pauluse Korinthe c.51
1 Timothea Pauluse Macedonia c.61-64
2 Timothea Pauluse Roma c.65
Tite Pauluse Macedonia (?) c.61-64
Filemone Pauluse Roma c.60-61
Ba-Heberu Pauluse Roma c.61
Jakobo Jakobo Jerusalema b.62
(ngoan’abo Jesu)
1 Petrose Petrose Babylona c.62-64
2 Petrose Petrose Babylona (?) c.64
1 Johanne Moapostola Efese, kapa c.98
Johanne haufi le teng
2 Johanne Moapostola Efese, kapa c.98
Johanne haufi le teng
3 Johanne Moapostola Efese, kapa c.98
Johanne haufi le teng
Juda Juda Palestina (?) c.65
(ngoan’abo Jesu)
Tšenolo Moapostola Patmose c.96
Johanne