Ko Dia “Avɛsa Watawɔ Ɔnɛ Tolembetelo” Ta Losato L’osanto?

VATE avɛsa amɔtshi wa lo Bible wekɔ tolembetelo tasukɛ Losato l’Osanto. Koko, lam’alaso avɛsa akɔ, sho pombaka mbohɔka ɔnɛ oyadi Bible kana ɔkɔndɔ w’anto, ndoko lasukɛ Losato l’Osanto.

Divɛsa tshɛ dioshami oko djembetelo pombaka mbokɛma hwe lo ndjela kɛnɛ kalakanya Bible k’otondo. Mbala ko mbala, olembetshiyelo wa mɛtɛ wa divɛsa tombaka oma l’avɛsa wele suke la diɔ.

Etondo Esato lo Nzambi Ɔtɔi

DIBUKU Nouvelle Encyclopédie catholique (angl.) mbishaka ‘avɛsa asato wa tolembetelo’ wa ngasɔ koko mbetawɔka nto ɔnɛ: “Wetshelo wa Losato l’Osanto kondakanyema lo D[aka] di’E[djedja]. Djembetelo yoleki edja lo D[aka] di’O[yoyo] yekɔ lo mikanda wakafunde ɔpɔstɔlɔ Paulo, djekoleko lo 2 Kor 13:13 [divɛsa 14 lo Bible mɔtshi], la lo 1 Kor 12:4-6. L’Evanjiliyɔ, djembetelo ya Losato l’Osanto tanemaka paka l’ɛtɛkɛta w’endana la batismu wele lo Mat. 28:19.”

L’avɛsa asɔ, “etondo” akɔ esato wakashilama ɔnkɔnɛ lo La Bible de Jérusalem. Kɔrɛtɔ ka hende 13:13 (14) mbadjaka vɔ akɔ asato kâmɛ ɔnkɔnɛ: “Kɛtshi ka Nkumadiɔndjɔ Yeso Kristo, ngandji ka Nzambi ndo ekesanelo ka Nyuma k’Ekila konge la nyu tshɛ.” Kɔrɛtɔ ka ntondo 12:​4-6 mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Eshasha wekɔ weho weho, koko ekɔ paka Nyuma kâmɛ; weho wa kamba wekɔ efula, koko ekɔ paka Nkumadiɔndjɔ kâmɛ. Weho wa ntumu wekɔ efula, koko le onto tshɛ ekɔ Nzambi kâmɛ mbatokambaka le wɔ vɔ tshɛ.” Ndo lo Mateo 28:19 sho mbalaka ɔnɛ: “Ɔnkɔnɛ, nyutshu, nyetɛ wedja tshɛ ambeki; nyabatiza lo lokombo la Papa ndo l’Ɔna ndo la Nyuma k’Ekila.”   

Onde avɛsa asɔ mbutaka ɔnɛ Nzambi, Kristo la nyuma k’ekila wekɔ lo tonga Lonzambi la Losato l’Osanto, lele vɔ akɔ asato mbɛdima lo eongelo, lo wolo, ndo lo pondjo? Kema, ekɔ oko onto lashila nkombo y’anto asato l’ɔnɔngɔ, oko Okito, Kayongo, Mulenda, hɛnya ɔnɛ wekɔ anto asato l’otondo ɔtɔi.

Lo dibuku diawɔ Encyclopédie de littérature biblique, théologique et ecclésiastique (angl.), McClintock nde la Strong mbetawɔka ɔnɛ ɛtɛkɛta wa ngasɔ “mɛnyaka ntsho ɔnɛ nkombo shato yambotama, . . . koko hɛnya lo mɛtɛ ɔnɛ, yɔ yakɔ shato pombaka monga la eongelo ka nzambi ndo wekɔ la lokumu la lonzambi popo.”

Kânga mbele afundji adiɔ sukɛka Losato l’Osanto, dibuku sɔ mbutaka dia 2 Kɔrɛtɔ 13:13 (14) ɔnɛ: “Hatokoke kitshiya ɔnɛ vɔ wekɔ la lowandji la popo, kana eongelo kâmɛ.” Ndo dia Mateu 28:​18-20 diɔ mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Koko, divɛsa sɔ dwamɛ hadiɛnya lo yoho y’oshika, oyadi lonto la nkombo yakɔ shato yotami, kânga woho wɛdimiwɔ kana lonzambi lawɔ.”

Wakatɛkɛta nto dia Nzambi, Yeso la nyuma k’ekila dihole ɔtɔi lam’akabatizama Yeso. Yeso “akenyi [nyuma ka Nzambi, NW] ayahulo uku fudu k’inga, akayuwahema.” (Mateu 3:16) Koko, kɛsɔ hate ɔnɛ vɔ asato wekɔ otondo ɔtɔi. Mbala efula, vɔ shilaka Abarahama, Isaka la Jakɔbɔ kâmɛ, koko dui sɔ hawaetɛ otondo ɔtɔi. Vɔ shilaka nto Petero, Jakɔba la Joani kâmɛ, koko dui sɔ hawaetɛ ndo vɔ lawɔ otondo ɔtɔi. Ndo nto, nyuma ka Nzambi akahema Yeso lam’akandabatizama, dia mɛnya ɔnɛ Yeso kokitama nyuma la ntondo edja ndo l’etena kɛsɔ. Ko lâsɔ, ngande wotondokoka monga etenyi ka Losato l’Osanto latawɔ ɔnɛ wokôngaka wonya tshɛ otondo ɔtɔi la nyuma k’ekila?

Divɛsa dikina diatɛkɛta dia vɔ asato kâmɛ tanemaka l’ekadimwelo ɛmɔtshi w’edjedja wa Bible lo 1 Joani 5:⁠7. Koko, amɔmbɔdi wa Bible mbetawɔka ɔnɛ ɛtɛkɛta akɔ komonga lo Bible ntondo koko wakayâkotsha l’ɔkɔngɔ diko. Ekadimwelo efula wa nshi nyɛ minyaka ɛtɛkɛta ɛsɔ wakakotshama.

‘Avɛsa akina watawɔ ɔnɛ tolembetelo’ mbutaka paka di’anto ahende ato​—⁠Papa la Yeso. Tende amɔtshi.

“Dimi la Papa Tekɔ Ɔtɔi”

DIVƐSA sɔ dia lo Joani 10:​30, shilamaka mbala efula dia sukɛ Losato l’Osanto, kânga mbele onto la sato hatama lɔkɔ. Koko, Yeso ndamɛ akɛnya kɛnɛ kakandalange mbuta oma lo monga “ɔtɔi” la Papa. Lo Joani 17:​21, 22, nde akalɔmbɛ le Nzambi dia ambeki ande ate “wayali otoi, uku weye [kâmɛ la mi, NW], la dimi [kâmɛ la yɛ, NW], ndu vo wayali [kâmɛ la so, NW]. . . . dia vo ndjala otoi uku wesu otoi.” Onde Yeso akalɔmbaka dia ambeki ande tshɛ koma otondo ɔtɔi? Kema, mɛtɛ, Yeso akalɔmbaka dia vɔ monga la yimba yâmɛ ndo l’oyango wâmɛ, oko akinde la Nzambi.​—⁠Enda ndo lo 1 Koreto 1:⁠10.

Lo 1 Koreto 3:​6, 8, Paulo mbutaka ate: “Dimi lakune, Apolo akatela ashi . . . One latuneka, ndu one latutelaka ashi, weko [ɔtɔi, NW].” Paulo konanga mbuta ɔnɛ nde la Apolo waki anto ahende l’otondo ɔtɔi; nde akalange mbuta ɔnɛ vɔ waki l’oyango wâmɛ. Tshɛkɛta ya lo Grɛkɛ yakate Paulo lanɛ yokadimɔmi ɔnɛ “ɔtɔi” (hen) bu la lɛkɛ (neutre), lo ndjela gramatika, yɔ nembetshiyaka “(ɛngɔ) ɔtɔi,” mɛnyaka tshelo ya kimanɛ l’olimu wâmɛ. Tshɛkɛta yakɔ yâmɛ mbakate Yeso lo Joani 10:30 dia mɛnya diokanelo diasande la She. Koko tshɛkɛta yakɔ yâmɛ mbakate Yeso lo Joani 17:​21, 22. Omalɔkɔ, lam’akandakambe la tshɛkɛta “ɔtɔi” (hen) l’ahole asɔ, nde akataka dia monga la yimba yâmɛ ndo l’oyango wâmɛ.

Lo dikambo dia Joani 10:​30, Jean Calvin (ɔnɛ laketawɔka Losato l’Osanto) akate lo dibuku Commentaire sur le Nouveau Testament, T. II, Evangile selon Jean ate: “Ewandji w’edjedja w’ɛtɛmwɛlɔ wakakambe la divɛsa sɔ kɔlɔ dia mɛnya ɔnɛ Kristo ekɔ . . . la eongelo kâmɛ la Papa. Nɛ dia lanɛ Kristo hate dia kâmɛ ka lo eongelo, koko dia diokanelo diasande la Papa.”

Koko l’avɛsa wele k’ɔkɔngɔ wa Joani 10:​30, Yeso akɛnya la wolo tshɛ ɔnɛ nde kombuta, oma l’ɛtɛkɛta ɛsɔ, ɔnɛ nde ekɔ Nzambi. Nde akambola Ase Juda wanɛ wakôhindɛ onongo ndo wakalange mbôka ave ate: “Nyu mvutaka dia one lakakidia Papa, lakandatumi la kete, nyati: We ambotenga [Nzambi, NW]; ne dia dimi lakati nti: Dimi leko On’a [Nzambi, NW]?” (Joani 10:​31-36) Kema, Yeso akate ate nde ekɔ Ɔna Nzambi, koko aha Nzambi Ɔna.

‘Onde Nde Akayaɛdinya la Nzambi’?

DIVƐSA dikina diatawɔ ɔnɛ sukɛka Losato l’Osanto ekɔ Joani 5:18. Diɔ mbutaka ɔnɛ Ase Juda (oko lo Joani 10:​31-36) wakayange ndjaka Yeso nɛ dia “[nde akete Nzambi nto ate She ka pɛtɛ pɛtɛ, akayaɛdinya la Nzambi, NW].”

Ko akɔna akate ate Yeso akayaɛdinya la Nzambi na? Aha Yeso. Nde akayâmɛ lo dui sɔ diakawohindɛ lo divɛsa dioyedi (19): “Jesu akâkaluya diui ati: . . . Ona heyi ntsha nduku dikambu ndame, keli ndi atutshaka uku wenandi Shi atsha.”

Oma l’ɛtɛkɛta ɛsɔ, Yeso akɛnya Ase Juda dia nde kɔmbɛdima la Nzambi ndo, diakɔ mbakinde kokoka ntsha kɛnɛ kakanande ndamɛ. Onde sho koka mɛtɛ fɔnya dia onto lɛdimi la Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ ko mbuta ɔnɛ nde hakoke “ntsha nduku dikambu ndame”? (Ɛdika la Danyele 4:​34, 35.) Dui dia diambo ko, avɛsa wodingi oyadi Joani 5:18 kana Joa. 10:30 mɛnyaka ɔnɛ Yeso akayâmɛ l’awui asɔ wakohindɛ Ase Juda, wanɛ wakakonyaka awui lo kɔlɔ oko ambetawudi wa Losato l’Osanto!

‘Onde Nde Mbɛdima la Nzambi’?

LO FILIPI 2:​6, Bible de Sacy (1846) mbutaka dia Yeso ɔnɛ: “Ɔnɛ laki l’efanelo ndo l’eongelo ka Nzambi kokanaka ate mbɛdima la Nzambi ekɔ ɛngɔ kakokande mbɔsa la wolo.” Kânga lo Dikelemba di’oyuyu diaki MGR J. Hagendorens (1946), sho mbalaka oko ngasɔ. Amɔtshi kambaka l’ekadimwelo efula wa ngasɔ polo ndo ɛlɔ kɛnɛ dia sukɛ lokanyi l’ɔnɛ Yeso mbɛdima la Nzambi. Koko, enda woho wetɛ ekadimwelo ekina divɛsa diakɔ:

1908: “kânga mbakinde l’efanelo ka Nzambi, nde kondjadiya kânga yema dia ndjaɛdinya la Nzambi.” La Sainte Bible, de H. Oltramare.

1965: “Nde​—⁠laki l’eongelo mɛtɛ ka Nzambi!⁠—​komonga l’otako wa ndjaɛdinya la Nzambi kânga yema.” Das Neue Testament, édition révisée waki Friedrich Pfäfflin.

1968: “ɔnɛ lele, kânga mbakinde lo efanelo ka Nzambi, kɔmɛna ɔnɛ mbɛdima la Nzambi ekɔ ɛngɔ kahombande mbɔsa la lohehe.” La Bibbia Concordata.

1984: “nde okôngaka l’eongelo ka Nzambi oma k’edjedja, koko kokanyiya ɔnɛ nde akahombe ndjaɛdinya la Nzambi la wolo.” La Bible en français courant.

1984: “ɔnɛ lele, kânga mbakinde l’efanelo ka Nzambi, kokanyiya dia mbɔsa ɛngɔ kɛmɔtshi la wolo, mbuta ate, dia nde mbɛdima la Nzambi.” New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.

1988: “nde ɔnɛ lele l’eongelo ka Nzambi, ko kɔmɛna ɔnɛ mbɛdima la Nzambi ekɔ ɛngɔ ka munda.” Traduction Œcuménique de la Bible.

Koko, amɔtshi mbutaka ɔnɛ kânga ekadimwelo ɛsɔ wa kɔlamelo mɛnyaka dia: (1) Yeso ambotɛdimaka la Nzambi edja, koko ndamɛ mbakalange tshika dihole diakɔ kana ɔnɛ (2) nde komonga l’ohomba wa mona mbɛdima ande nɛ dia wambotɛdimaka edja.

Lo dikambo sɔ, Ralph Martin mbutaka lo dibuku L’épître de Paul aux Philippiens (angl.) dikambo dia Grɛkɛ k’etatelo ate: “Koko, ayonga dui dia kashi naka otshelo (verbe) ɔsɔ mumɔ oma lo kitshimudi ya mɛtɛ y’ɔnɛ ‘kɔsɔla,’ ‘kumuya’ ko ndjokoma ‘kakatɛ.’ ” Dibuku Le Commentaire interprétatif du Testament grec (angl.) mbutaka ndo diɔ lawɔ ɔnɛ: “Hatotane ndoko divɛsa diele ἁρπάζω [har·paʹzo] kana lokombo lɔmɔtshi lotombi oma lɔkɔ lele la kitshimudi ya ‘momba’ kana ‘kakatɛ.’ Mɛnamaka dia tshɛkɛta yakɔ mɛtɛ nembetshiyaka ‘kɔsɔla,’ ‘kumuya.’ Ɔnkɔnɛ, dikimɔ kema dia minya kitshimudi ya mɛtɛ y’ɔnɛ ‘kɔsɔla’ ko mbidja nyɛ yotshikitanyi y’ɔnɛ ‘kakatɛ.’ ”

Kɛsɔ tshɛ mɛnyaka ɔnɛ akadimudi amɔtshi, oko wa La Bible de Sacy la wa Dikelemba di’oyuyu diaki MGR J. Hagendorens, wekɔ lo nanya ɛlɛmbɛ w’ɔtɛkɛta wa Grɛkɛ dia kɛnɛmɔla tokanyi tawɔ ta Losato l’Osanto. Naka hatongi la kanyi y’ɔnɛ Yeso akɛnyi ate sunganaka dia ndjaɛdinya la Nzambi, ko sho mbala divɛsa dia Filipi 2:​6 lo Grɛkɛ l’oweso w’ɔlɔlɔ, kete tayɛna mɛtɛ otshikitanu: Yeso kokanaka ɔnɛ dui sɔ sunganaka.

Avɛsa wele sukesuke (3-5, 7, 8, Jé) tɛnyaka hwe woho wahombaso mboka divɛsa 6. Wakakeketsha Ase Filipi ɔnɛ: “[Nyonge] la ndjakitshakitsha ka yimba. Untu l’untu akani ati: Ukina kundeki ololo.” L’ɔkɔngɔ Paulo akɔshi Kristo oko ɛnyɛlɔ koleki dimɛna ka dionga sɔ: “Nyuyali la yimba nye l’atei anyu yaki ndu le Kristu Jesu.” “Yimba” yakɔna? Ya ‘kana ɔnɛ mbɛdima la Nzambi kema kɔlɔ’? Kema, kɛsɔ kayotshikitana la kanyi yolembetshiyishaso! Koko, Yeso, ɔnɛ ‘laketawɔ ɔnɛ Nzambi mbôleka,’ ‘konyanga dia mbɛdima la Nzambi la wolo,’ kele nde “akayakitshakitsha, akayala la ukitanyiya edja ndu lu nyoi.”

Mɛtɛ, ɛtɛkɛta ɛsɔ hawendana la Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ. Vɔ mendanaka la Yeso Kristo, ɔnɛ lakɔtɔnɛ la kanyi ya Paulo lo yoho ya kokele lanɛ​—⁠mbuta ate ohomba wa monga l’okitshakitsha ndo l’okitanyiya le onto Lôle ndo lele Otungi, Jehowa Nzambi.

“Dimi Lekɔ”

LO JOANI 8:​58, ekadimwelo efula, ɛnyɛlɔ oko La Bible de Jérusalem, fundaka ɔnɛ Yeso akate ate: “La ntondo ka Abarahama monga, Dimi Lekɔ.” Onde Yeso aki lo mbetsha lâsɔ ɔnɛ nde akeyama lo lokombo la “Dimi Lekɔ” oko ata ambetawudi wa Losato l’Osanto? Onde kɛsɔ nembetshiyaka, oko watawɔ, ɔnɛ nde aki Jehowa ya l’Afundelo wa lo Hɛbɛru, nɛ dia King James Version mbutaka lo Etombelo 3:14 ɔnɛ: “Nzambi akatɛ Mɔsɛ ate: DIMI LEKƆ ƆNƐ LEMI”?

Lo Etombelo 3:14 (KJ) tshɛkɛta “DIMI LEKƆ” mbɔsamaka oko lokombo la Nzambi la lokumu dia mɛnya ɔnɛ mɛtɛ nde ekɔ ndo kokaka kotsha kɛnɛ kakandalake. Dibuku Le Pentateuque et les prophètes diakafunde Dr. J. H. Hertz, mbutaka dia wotelo ɔsɔ ɔnɛ: “Le Ase Isariyɛlɛ waki lo lɔhɔmbɔ, kitshimudi yotonga ɔnɛ, ‘Kânga mbende atanyɛnya wolo Ande, Nde ayonyɛnyawɔ; Nde okongaka pondjo pondjo ndo ayonyotshungola mɛtɛ.’ Nshi nyɛ, efula wekɔ lo ndjela Rashi [ɔmɔmbɔdi wa Bible w’Ose France lakeke ɛlɛmbɛ w’Ase Juda] lo kadimulaka [Etombelo 3:14] ɔnɛ: ‘Dimi layonga kɛnɛ kayomonga.’ ”

Etelo kele lo Joani 8:58 tshikitana tshɛ la kɛnɛ kele lo Etombelo 3:14. Yeso kokiɔsa oko lokombo kana lokombo la lokumu koko dia nembetshiya ɔnɛ nde aki la lɔsɛnɔ ntondo ka ndjonga onto lanɛ la nkɛtɛ. Enda woho wetɛ ekadimwelo ekina wa Bible Joani 8:⁠58:

1898: “La ntondo k’Abarahama monga, dimi lakikɔ.” La Sainte Bible, version di’Ostervald.

1935: “Dimi laki la lɔsɛnɔ la ntondo k’Abarahama mbotɔ!” The Bible​—⁠An American Translation, ka J. M. P. Smith la E. J. Goodspeed.

1965: “La ntondo k’Abarahama mbotɔ, dimi laki kamemi anɛ.” Das Neue Testament, ka Jörg Zink.

1981: “Dimi laki la lɔsɛnɔ ntondo k’Abarahama mbotɔ!” The Simple English Bible.

1984: “Ntondo k’Abarahama ndjonga la lɔsɛnɔ, dimi lakikɔ.” New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.

Omalɔkɔ, kanyi y’oshika ya lo Grɛkɛ yakakambema lanɛ ele y’ɔnɛ Yeso, Ɔna “enundu” lakatonge Nzambi, akikɔ edja la ntondo k’Abarahama mbotama.​—⁠Kolosai 1:15; Tukedi 8:​22, 23, 30; Enyelo 3:⁠14.

Avɛsa wele sukesuke mɛnyaka nto dia ngasɔ mbahombaso mboka divɛsa sɔ. L’etena kɛsɔ Ase Juda wakayange mboka Yeso ave nɛ dia nde akate ate nde “akenyi Abarahama” nde onto laki atakotsha kânga ɛnɔnyi 50, oko le wɔ. (Divɛsa 57) Akasungana dia Yeso mbatɛ kɛnɛ kele mɛtɛ lo dikambo di’ɛnɔnyi ande. Diakɔ mbakandawatɛ ate: “Dimi laki la lɔsɛnɔ ntondo k’Abarahama mbotɔ!”​—⁠The Simple English Bible.

‘Dui Diaki Nzambi’

LO JOANI 1:​1, sho mbalaka ɔnkɔnɛ lo La Bible de Jérusalem: “L’etatelo Ɔtɛkɛta (Verbe) akikɔ ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki kâmɛ la Nzambi ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki Nzambi.” Ambetawudi wa Losato l’Osanto mbutaka ɔnɛ divɛsa sɔ nembetshiyaka ɔnɛ “Ɔtɛkɛta” (Grɛkɛ, ho loʹgos), ɔnɛ lakaye la nkɛtɛ oko Yeso Kristo aki Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ ndamɛ.

Koko, enda dia lanɛ nto avɛsa wele sukesuke tokimanyiyaka efula dia shihodia dimɛna. Kânga La Bible de Jérusalem tɔamɛ mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Ɔtɛkɛta aki kâmɛ la Nzambi.” (Sho mbɛnganyisha alɛta ango.) Onto lele “kâmɛ la” onto okina hakoke monga onto akɔ ɔsɔ. Lo ndjela kanyi shɔ, jurunalɛ Revue de littérature biblique (angl.), yakafunde Oseka Jésuite le Joseph A. Fitzmyer, mɛnyaka ɔnɛ naka etenyi ka komelo ka Joani 1:1 nembetshiyama ɔnɛ Nzambi “kakɔ,” “lâsɔ kete wotelo w’etenyi ka ntondo ka divɛsa diakɔ wayanyema,” wata ɔnɛ Ɔtɛkɛta aki kâmɛ la Nzambi.

Tênde nto woho wetɛ ekadimwelo ekina etenyi kɛnɛ ka divɛsa:

1808: “ndo ɔtɛkɛta aki nzambi.” The New Testament in an Improved Version, Upon the Basis of Archbishop Newcome’s New Translation: With a Corrected Text.

1864: “ndo nzambi aki ɔtɛkɛta.” The Emphatic Diaglott, traduction interlinéaire ka Benjamin Wilson.

1928: “ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki etongami ka lonzambi.” La Bible du Centenaire, L’Evangile selon Jean, ka Maurice Goguel.

1935: “ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki lo lonzambi.” The Bible​—⁠An American Translation, ka J. M. P. Smith la E. J. Goodspeed.

1946: “ndo lo woho wa lonzambi mbaki Ɔtɛkɛta.” Das Neue Testament, ka Ludwig Thimme.

1950: “ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki nzambi.” New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures.

1975: “ndo nzambi (kana, woho wa lonzambi) aki Ɔtɛkɛta.” Das Evangelium nach Johannes, ka Siegfried Schulz.

1978: “ndo lo woho wa lonzambi mbaki Logos.” Das Evangelium nach Johannes, ka Johannes Schneider.

Lo Joani 1:​1, sho tanaka tshɛkɛta ya Grɛkɛ the·osʹ (nzambi) mbala hiende. Mbala ka ntondo, yɔ mɛnyaka Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ, ɔnɛ laki Ɔtɛkɛta kâmɛ la nde (“ndo Ɔtɛkɛta [loʹgos] aki kâmɛ la Nzambi [woho ɔmɔtshi wa the·osʹ]”). The·osʹ ka ntondo kɛsɔ kekɔ la tshɛkɛta ton (le) la ntondo, woho w’article défini wa lo Grɛkɛ wɛnya onto lotshikitanyi, oko lanɛ, Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ (“ndo Ɔtɛkɛta aki kâmɛ la [le] Dieu”).

Lo wedi okina, article bu la ntondo ka the·osʹ ka hende lo Joani 1:⁠1. Omalɔkɔ, naka sho ndjela gramatika kete diɔ mbalema ɔnɛ: “ndo nzambi aki Ɔtɛkɛta.” Koko, takɛnyi ɔnɛ ekadimwelo efula mbetɛka the·osʹ ka hende kɛsɔ (lokombo l’osanga la losha [nom commun attribut]) oko “lonzambi,” “etongami ka lonzambi,” kana “nzambi.” Awasha dikimɔ dia sala ngasɔ na?

Ɔtɛkɛta wa Grɛkɛ Koine waki la article défini (“le,” “la,” “les”), koko komonga la article indéfini (“un[e],” kana “des”). Ɔnkɔnɛ, naka lokombo l’osanga la losha bu la article défini la ntondo, kete lokombo lakɔ koka monga indéfini, lo ndjela avɛsa wele sukesuke.

Dibuku Revue de littérature biblique mbutaka ɔnɛ ɛtɛkɛta ɛsɔ, “wa lokombo l’osanga [laha la article] la ntondo k’otshelo [verbe], mɛnyaka mɛtɛ dionga dioshawɔ onto akɔ.” Oko adiɛnya dibuku diakɔ, kɛsɔ mɛnyaka ɔnɛ loʹgos koka mbɛdikama la nzambi. Diɔ mbutaka nto dia Joani 1:1 ɔnɛ: “Dionga [attribut] dioshawɔ onto diekɔ ohomba efula, nɛ dia lâsɔ kahɔsama lokombo l’osanga [the·osʹ] oko lokombo l’onto mɛtɛ.”

Ɔnkɔnɛ, Joani 1:1 ekɔ lo mɛnya dionga dia Ɔtɛkɛta, ɔnɛ nde aki “la eongelo ka nzambi,” “efanelo ka nzambi,” “nzambi,” koko aha Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ. Kɛsɔ mbɔtɔnɛka l’avɛsa akina tshɛ wa lo Bible wɛnya ɔnɛ Yeso, letama lanɛ ɔnɛ “Ɔtɛkɛta” oma l’ɔkɛndɛ ande wa Yɛmba Ɛtɛkɛta wa Nzambi, aki onto la l’ɛse ndo l’okitanyiya lakatomama lanɛ la nkɛtɛ oma le ɔnɛ Lôleki, Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ.

Avɛsa akina efula wa lo Bible wekɔ, lɛnɛ akadje akadimudi efula wa l’ɛtɛkɛta ekina article “un[e]” lam’akawakadimolaka wetelo w’oma lo Grɛkɛ waha la article akɔ, etena kahika ɛtɛkɛta ekina ɔsɔku. Oko ɛnyɛlɔ lo Falase, lo Mako 6:​49, lam’akɛnyi ambeki Yeso ayakɛndakɛnda lâdiko di’ashi, La Bible de Jérusalem mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Vɔ wakakane vate edimu kɛmɔtshi [un fantôme].” Lo Koine, ɔtɛkɛta wa Grɛkɛ, “un” kema la ntondo ka “edimu [fantôme].” Koko, ekadimwelo efula wa l’ɛtɛkɛta ekina kotshaka “un” dia mbɔtɔnɛ l’avɛsa wele sukesuke. Woho akɔ wâmɛ mbele, lam’ele Joani 1:1 mɛnyaka ɔnɛ Ɔtɛkɛta aki kâmɛ la Nzambi, vɔ hawokoke monga Nzambi koko, “nzambi [kɛmɔtshi],” kana “etongami kele la eongelo ka lonzambi.”

Joseph Henry Thayer, teolojiɛ kɛmɔtshi kakasha lonya l’okadimwelo wa Bible ka American Standard Version, akate hwe ate: “Logos aki l’efanelo ka lonzambi, aha Nzambi ndamɛ.” Ndo Oseka Jésuite le John L. McKenzie akafunde lo dibuku diande Dictionnaire de la Bible (angl.) ate: “Joa 1:1 akahombe kadimɔma mɛtɛ ɔnɛ . . . ‘ɔtɛkɛta aki etongami ka lonzambi.’ ”

Onde Wakayele Gramatika?

KOKO, amɔtshi mbutaka vate ekadimwelo wa ngasɔ ndjakaka ɔlɛmbɛ wa gramatika ka Koine, ɔtɛkɛta wa Grɛkɛ, gramatika kakatondja ɔnɛ lakeyaka Grɛkɛ le E. C. Colwell lo 1933. Nde akate ate lo Grɛkɛ, lokombo la losha “mbɔsaka article [défini] etena kayelalɔ otshelo; lɔ halɔsɛ article [défini] etena kelɔ la ntondo ka otshelo.” Nde nangaka mbuta lâsɔ ɔnɛ lokombo la losha lele la ntondo k’otshelo pombaka mbɔsama oko lekɔ l’article défini (“le,” “la,” “les”) la ntondo. Lo Joani 1:⁠1, lokombo la losha la hende (the·osʹ), lekɔ la ntondo k’otshelo​—⁠“ndo [the·osʹ] aki Ɔtɛkɛta.” Omalɔkɔ, Colwell akashikikɛ ɔnɛ, Joani 1:1 pombaka mbalema nganɛ: “ndo [le] Dieu aki Ɔtɛkɛta.”

Koko, tende diɛnyɛlɔ dihende diatanema lo Joani 8:44. Lɔkɔ Yeso mbutaka dia Diabolo ate: “Ndi aki undjakanyi” ndo “[nde ekɔ kanga kashi, NW].” Paka oko lo Joani 1:​1, nkombo ya losha (“undjakanyi” la “kanga kashi”) yekɔ la ntondo k’etshelo (“aki” ndo “ekɔ”) lo Grɛkɛ. Article indéfini bu la ntondo ka nkombo shɔ nɛ dia ndoko article indéfini wakikɔ lo Grɛkɛ Koine. Koko, ekadimwelo efula mbidjaka tshɛkɛta “un” nɛ dia gramatika ka Grɛkɛ la avɛsa wele sukesuke mpikaka ɔsɔku.​—⁠Enda ndo Mako 11:32; Joani 4:19; 6:70; 9:17; 10:1; 12:⁠6.

Colwell aketawɔka eongelo ka lokombo lakɔ la losha, nɛ dia nde akate ate: “Lo dihole nɛ, lɔ lekɔ indéfini [“un(e)” kana “des”] paka naka avɛsa wele sukesuke wambohika ɔsɔku.” Ɔnkɔnɛ, kânga mbetawɔnde ɔnɛ etena kahika avɛsa wele sukesuke, akadimudi kokaka mbidja article indéfini la ntondo ka lokombo dia mɛnya ɔnɛ lɔ lekɔ la losha.

Onde avɛsa wele sukesuke mpikaka article indéfini lo Joani 1:1? Eelo, nɛ dia kɛnɛ kotami lo Bible k’otondo mɛnyaka ɔnɛ Yeso kema Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ. Omalɔkɔ, aha ɛlɛmbɛ wa gramatika waki Colwell wadjama tâmu mbahomba nɔmbɔla okadimudi l’ahole wa ngasɔ koko, avɛsa wele sukesuke. Ndo sho mɛnaka dia l’ekadimwelo efula wa Bible wadjawɔ article indéfini “un” lo Joani 1:1 ndo l’ahole akina, akadimudi tonaka ɛlɛmbɛ waki Colwell​—⁠oko atona Dui dia Nzambi.

Tamu Kema

ONDE mbuta ɔnɛ Yeso Kristo ekɔ “nzambi” mamanɛka la wetshelo wa lo Bible w’ɔnɛ Nzambi ekɔ paka ɔtɔi? Kema, nɛ dia tena dimɔtshi Bible kambaka la tshɛkɛta shɔ dia mɛnya ditongami dia wolo. Sho mbalaka ɔnkɔnɛ lo Osambu 8:5: “We akûtungi [onto] lasuki la mbedima la [wanɛ wele oko Nzambi, NW; Hɛbɛru, ʼelo·himʹ ],” kɛdikɛdi andjelo. Lam’akayâmɛka Yeso di’awui wakohindɛ Ase Juda w’ɔnɛ nde amboyaetɛ Nzambi, nde akate ate: “Ɔlɛmbɛ mbetaka wanɛ wele dui dia Nzambi diakaye le wɔ ɔnɛ wa nzambi,” kɛdikɛdi, toshushi t’anto. (Joani 10:​34, 35, Jé; Osambu 82:​1-6) Kânga Satana mbelamɛka “nzambi ka dikongɛ di’akambo nɛ” lo 2 Kɔrɛtɔ 4:⁠4. (NW)

Yeso ekɔ lo dihole dioleki andjelo, anto w’ekokele, kana Satana. Lam’ele vɔ mbelamɛka oko “wa nzambi,” akanga a nkudu, mɛtɛ Yeso koka monga ndo ekɔ “nzambi.” L’ɔkɔkɔ wa dihole dia lânde diele la nde l’ɔkɔngɔ wa Jehowa, Yeso ekɔ “Nzambi ka Wolo.”​—⁠Joani 1:1; Isaya 9:⁠6, NW.

Ko, lam’ele “Nzambi ka Wolo” fundama l’alɛta a weke, shi lâsɔ mɛnyaka ɔnɛ Yeso mbɛdima la Jehowa Nzambi lo woho ɔmɔtshi? Aha ɔsɔku. Nɛ dia lo ndjela pɔlɔfɛsi k’Isaya, ɔsɔ ekɔ lokombo lɔmɔtshi la l’atei a nkombo nyɛi yakahombe Yeso mbelamɛ, ko lo Falase nkombo ya ngasɔ tatɛka l’alɛta a weke. Ndo nto, kânga mbelamɛ Yeso “Nzambi ka Wolo,” paka ɔtɔi oto mbelamɛ “Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ.” Mbelɛ Jehowa Nzambi “Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ” totondonga dui dia diambo efula otondonga akina bu, wanɛ welamɛ wa nzambi, ko wekɔ l’ɛse kande.

Lo ndjela Karl Rahner, teolojiɛ k’Oseka Mupɛ, Bulletin de la bibliothèque John Rylands (Angleterre) mbutaka ɔnɛ lam’ele the·osʹ akakambema lo afundelo wele oko Joani 1:1 dia mɛnya Kristo, “ndoko dihole diokambemi ‘theos’ lo woho wa ngasɔ dia mɛnya Yeso kâmɛ la ɔnɛ lelamɛ l’ahole akina lo Daka di’Oyoyo ɔnɛ ‘ho Theos,’ mbuta ate Nzambi ka Lâdiko dia Tshɛ.” Ndo Bulletin akɔ kotshaka ɔnɛ: “Otondonga afundji wa Daka di’Oyoyo wakɛnyi ɔnɛ ekɔ ohomba efula dia akanga wa kɔlamelo mbetawɔ ɔnɛ Yeso ekɔ ‘Nzambi,’ ngande wahatɛkɛta Daka di’Oyoyo dikambo dia mbetawɔ kakɔ?”

Ko, shi lo Joani 20:28 ɔpɔstɔlɔ Tɔmasi akatɛ Yeso ate: “Khumemi, la [Nzambi kami, NW]!”? Yeso aki oko “nzambi” le Tɔmasi, djekoleko l’ahindo wakandɛnyi wakawâmbia. Amɔmbɔdi wa Bible amɔtshi fɔnyaka ɔnɛ ondo Tɔmasi akade paka kioko ya diambo tsho la ntondo ka Yeso, koko Nzambi mbakandatɛka. Oyadi ngande, Tɔmasi komonga la kanyi y’ɔnɛ Yeso aki Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ, nɛ dia nde l’apɔstɔlɔ akina tshɛ wakeyaka ɔnɛ Yeso kombuta ndoko lushi ɔnɛ nde ekɔ Nzambi koko, aketshaka anto ɔnɛ Jehowa ndamɛ oto mbele “Nzambi kâmɛ ka mɛtɛ.”​—⁠Joani 17:⁠3, NW.

Ndo lâsɔ, avɛsa wele sukesuke tokimanyiyaka dia shihodia dikambo sɔ. Nshi oko ngana la ntondo, Yeso lakôlɔ akatɛ Mariya Mangadala dia nde totɛ ambeki ate: “Dimi layumbela le Papa, Shenyu, le [Nzambi kami, NW] ndu [Nzambi kanyu, NW].” (Joani 20:17) Kânga mbakolɔ Yeso oko nyuma ka wolo, Jehowa aki paka Nzambi kande. Ndo Yeso akatetemala mbuta dia Jehowa ngasɔ kânga lo dibuku dia komelo dia Bible, l’ɔkɔngɔ wa nde kondja lotombo.​—⁠Enyelo 1:​5, 6; 3:​2, 12.

Avɛsa asato wa l’ɔkɔngɔ wa kioko ya Tɔmasi, lo Joani 20:​31, Bible mɛnyaka dikambo diakɔ nto hwe lam’atatɔ ɔnɛ: “Akambu aso wambufundama dia nyu mbetawo nyati: Jesu eko Kristu, On’a [Nzambi, NW];” aha ɔnɛ nde aki Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ. Koko “Ɔna” lo yoho ya mɛtɛ, oko atongaka papa ka mɛtɛ la ɔna, aha oko etenyi kɛmɔtshi k’ehekesa ka Losato l’Osanto la Lonzambi.

Pombaka Mbɔtɔnɛ la Bible

VƆ MBUTAKA ɔnɛ avɛsa akina nto efula wekɔ wasukɛ Losato l’Osanto. Koko, vɔ wekɔ oko wanɛ womiso la mɛna la diko, lo woho wele, naka sho mbasɛdingola l’ɔlɔlɔ tshɛ, kete hawotɛnya ɔnɛ lɔ lekɔ mɛtɛ. Avɛsa wa ngasɔ mɛnyaka tsho ɔnɛ lam’asɛdingolaso amɔtshi watawɔ ɔnɛ sukɛka Losato l’Osanto, sho pombaka ndjambola shate: Onde olembetshiyelo akɔ mbɔtɔnɛka la wetshelo wa lo Bible k’otondo​—⁠wata ɔnɛ Jehowa Nzambi ndamɛ oto kele Lâdiko dia Tshɛ? Naka bu, kete olembetshiyelo akɔ wekɔ wa kashi.

Sho la dia mbohɔka nto ɔnɛ ndoko “divɛsa diatawɔ ɔnɛ djembetelo” diashikikɛ ɔnɛ Nzambi, Yeso, la nyuma k’ekila wekɔ otondo ɔtɔi lo ehekesa ka Lonzambi. Lo Bible ndoko dihole diatanema divɛsa diata ɔnɛ vɔ akɔ asato wekɔ l’eongelo kâmɛ, mbɛdima lo wolo, ndo wekɔ pondjo pondjo. Bible tetemalaka mɛnya ɔnɛ Jehowa, Nzambi Kanga-Wolo-Tshɛ ndamɛ kele Lâdiko dia Tshɛ, ndo Yeso ekɔ Ɔnande lakandatonge, ndo nyuma k’ekila ekɔ wolo wa Nzambi wakamba olimu.

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“Ewandji w’edjedja w’ɛtɛmwɛlɔ wakandja kamba la divɛsa nɛ [Joani 10:30] dia mɛnya ɔnɛ Kristo ekɔ . . . la eongelo kâmɛ la Papa.”​—⁠Commentaire sur le Nouveau Testament, T. II, Evangile selon Jean, kaki Jean Calvin

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Yeso akalɔmbɛ Nzambi dia ambeki ande “wayali otoi,” oko wende nde la She “otoi”

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Yeso akɛnya Ase Juda ɔnɛ nde hɛdimi la Nzambi, lam’akandate ate nde hakoke ‘ntsha ndoko dui ndamɛ koko paka kɛnɛ kɛnande Papa atsha’

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Onto lele “kâmɛ la” onto okina hakoke monga nto onto akɔ ɔsɔ

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“Logos aki l’efanelo ka lonzambi, koko aha Nzambi ndamɛ.” ​—⁠Joseph Henry Thayer, okadimudi wa Bible

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Lam’ele Bible mbelɛka anto, andjelo, kânga Satana, ɔnɛ “nzambi,” kana akanga a weolo kete Yeso lâleki lele l’olongo sunganaka mɛtɛ mbelamɛ “nzambi”