Molelo wa Dihele—A O A Tuka Kana O A Tima?

MORERI wa moporotesetanta ebong Jonathan Edwards o ne a tle a tshose Maamerika a Dikolone a lekgolo la bo 18 la dingwaga ka ditshwantsho tsa gagwe tse di neng di tshwantsha dihele. Mo lekgetlong le lengwe o ne a dira setshwantsho seo mo go sone Modimo a neng a akgisa baleofi mo dikgabong tsa molelo jaaka digokgo tse di maswe. Edwards o ne a kgalemela phuthego ya gagwe jaana: “Lona baleofi, lo akga mo tlhaleng e tshesane, mme dikgabo tsa molelo tsa bogale jwa Modimo di ntse di kgabola mo go yone, mme di ka e babola nako nngwe le nngwe, le go e fisa gore e sale e le dikarolwana.”

Lefa go ntse jalo, ka bonakonyana fela fa Edwards a sena go neela thero eno ya gagwe e e tumileng e ebileng e ne e sa ratege, dikgabo tsa molelo wa dihele di ne tsa simolola go bonyabonya mme tsa tima.a Buka ya The Decline of Hell, e e kwadilweng ke D. P. Walker, e bolela gore “mo ngwageng wa bosomenne wa lekgolo la bo 18 la dingwaga thuto ya go bogisediwa ruri ga ba ba hutsitsweng e ne ya gwetlhiwa phatlalatsa.” Mo lekgolong la bo 19 la dingwaga, dikgabo tsa molelo wa dihele di ne tsa nna tsa tima, mme mo e ka nnang ka lekgolo la bo 20 la dingwaga, kgopolo ya ga Edwards kaga gore dihele ke ‘lefelo le le tukang molelo koo batho ba teng ba bogisiwang thata mo megopolong le mo mmeleng ka bosakhutleng’ e ne ya se ka ya tlhola e buiwa. “Ka ntlha ya go tlhaselwa ke dithuto tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa segompieno le go koafadiwa ke dikgabo tsa molelo tsa Hiroshima le Polao ya Kgailo,” mokwadi wa dikgang ebong Jeffery Sheler o ne a bolela jalo, “dihele ga di tlhole di tshosa jaaka fa go ne go ntse pele.”

Bareri ba le bantsi le bone ba ne ba sa tlhole ba rata go bua ka molelo le sulefera. Dithero tse di nonofileng ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa dihele ga di tlhole di rerwa mo dialetareng tsa dikereke tse dikgolo tsa Labokeresete. Ba ba ithutang thutobomodimo ba leba dihele e le thuto e e fetilweng ke nako gore e ka ithutiwa ke moithuti yo o tlhoafetseng. Dingwaga dingwe tse di fetileng rahisitori mongwe wa kereke o ne a dira dipatlisiso kaga dihele a direla dithuto tsa yunibesithi nngwe, mme a tlhatlhoba diintekese di le mmalwa tsa makwalopaka a a kwadilweng ke bakanoki. Ga a ka a kgona go bona lefa e le lefoko le le lengwe leo le neng le ka mo kaela kaga dihele. Go ya ka makasine wa Newsweek, rahisitori yono o ne a swetsa ka gore: “Dihele di nyeletse. Mme ga go na ope yo o neng a lemoga seno.”

Go Boa ga Dihele

A di nyeletse? Eseng gotlhelele. Se se gakgamatsang ke gore mo dingwageng tsa bosheng jaana thuto ya dihele e ne ya boa ya utlwala gape mo mafelong mangwe. Fa go batlisisiwa kwa Amerika go fitlhetswe gore palo ya batho ba ba bolelang gore ba dumela mo diheleng e ile ya oketsega go tswa go 53 lekgolong ka 1981 go ya go 60 lekgolong ka 1990. Fa o tlhakanya seno le palo e ntsi ya mekgatlho ya lefatshe ka bophara ya boefangele e e rerang ka dihele, go bonala sentle gore batho ba bantsi ba Labokeresete ba simolotse gape go akanya ka dihele.

Gone mme a tsosoloso eno e ama fela batho ba ba tsenang kereke, kana a e fitlha le kwa dialetareng? Boammaaruri ke gore molelo wa dihele jaaka fa Jonathan Edwards a ne a rera ka one dingwaga di le 250 tse di fetileng le ka motlha ga o ise o ke o tloge mo ditherong tse di rerwang mo dialetareng tsa Labokeresete. Ka 1991, U. S.News & World Report e ne ya bolela jaana: “Le eleng gare ga ba e leng maloko a a ikanyegang a kereke, go na le bosupi jwa gore baithutabomodimo ba simolola go akanya ka bomasisi thata ka kgang ya dihele go na le jaaka fa ba ne ba dira dingwaga tse di masome tse di fetileng.” Ka phepafalo, molelo wa dihele o boetse o itsege thata mme o lebiwa jaaka selo se se botlhokwa morago ga go tlhokomologiwa ka dingwaga di le dintsi lefatshe ka bophara. Lefa go ntse jalo, a molelo wa dihele o santse o ntse jaaka o ne o ntse pele?

Dipotso Tse Di Bodiwang

Moithutabomodimo W. F. Wolbrecht o ne a sena pelaelo epe kaga seno: “Dihele ke dihele, ga go na keletso epe ya motho kana kgopolo ya gagwe e e tla dirang gore pogiso ya bosakhutleng e fokotsege.” Batho ba le bantsi ba ba tsenang kereke ga ba tlhomamisege kaga seno. Lefa ba sa belaele gore dihele di teng, ba na le dipotso kaga gore dihele di ntse jang. Moithutabomodimo mongwe o dumela jaana: “Le eleng mo go nna ka bonna, ga ke belaele gore dihele di teng, bosupi jwa gone bo neelwa ka phepafalo mo Bibeleng, mme bothata ke gore di ntse jang totatota.” Ee mo baithutabomodimong ba le bantsi le mo bathong fela ba ba tsenang kereke, potso gompieno ga e tlhole e le gore, “A dihele di teng?” mme ke gore, “Dihele ke eng?”

Wena o ne o tla araba jang? Ke eng se o se boleletsweng kaga gore dihele di ntse jang? Mme ke eng fa thuto eno e tshwenya Bakeresete ba ba peloephepa?

[Ntlha e e kwa tlase]

[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 2]

Cover: Doré’s illustration of Tumult and Escape for Dante’s Divine Comedy

[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 3]

Doré’s illustration of Devils and Virgil for Dante’s Divine Comedy