Tafaʻaki Fakafaitoʻo Huhu Totó—ʻOku Malu Hono Kahaʻú?

“ʻE hokohoko atu ʻa e tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó ke hangē ha luelue atu ʻi ha fuʻu vaotā fakatalopiki, ʻa ia ʻoku hā mahino mai pē ʻa e ngaahi hala ʻiloá ka ʻoku kei fiemaʻu pē ʻa e ʻalu tokanga, pea ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi tuʻunga ala fakatuʻutāmaki taʻeʻamanekina ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻiloʻi ia ʻe he faʻahinga ʻoku taʻetokangá.”​—Ian M. Franklin, palōfesa ʻo e tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó.

HILI hono hanga ʻe he tō ʻa e mahaki ʻeitisí ʻi māmani lahi ʻo fakahangataha ʻa e tokanga ʻa e kakaí ki he totó ʻi he 1980 tupú, naʻe fakalahi ai ʻa e ngaahi feinga ke toʻo atu hono “ngaahi tuʻunga ala fakatuʻutāmaki taʻeʻamanekina ʻoku ʻikai hā” maí. Ka neongo ia, naʻe kei tuʻu pē ʻa e ngaahi fakafaingataʻaʻiaʻanga lalahí. ʻI Sune 2005, naʻe pehē ai ʻe he Kautaha Moʻui ʻa Māmaní: “Ko e ngalingali ko ia ke maʻu ha huhu toto ʻoku malú . . . ʻoku kehe ʻaupito mei he fonua ki he fonua.” Ko e hā hono ʻuhingá?

ʻI he ngaahi fonua lahi ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha ngaahi polokalama fakapuleʻanga ia kuo fokotuʻutuʻu ke fakapapauʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga malu ki hono tānaki, sivi, mo hono feʻaveʻaki ʻo e totó mo e ngaahi faitoʻo ʻoku faʻu mei he totó. ʻI he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku aʻu ʻo tauhi ala fakatuʻutāmaki pē ʻa e ngaahi toto ʻoku tokonaki maí ia ʻi he ngaahi ʻaisi ʻi ʻapi ʻoku ʻikai fuʻu loko sai hono tauhí mo e ngaahi kula faʻoʻanga meʻakaí! ʻI he ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha ngaahi tuʻunga malú, ʻe lava ke uesia kovi ai ʻa e kau mahakí ʻe he toto naʻe toʻo mei ha taha ʻoku nofo ʻi ha laui kilomita hono mamaʻó.

Toto ʻOku ʻIkai ʻI Ai ha Mahaki —Ko ha Tāketi Aʻusiangataʻa

ʻOku taukaveʻi ʻe he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi ʻoku malu ange ʻenau tokonaki totó he taimí ni ʻi ha toe taimi ki muʻa. Kae kehe, ʻoku kei ʻi ai pē ʻa e ngaahi ʻuhinga ke tokanga ai. Ko ha “Pepa Fanongonongo” naʻe teuteu fakataha ʻe he ngaahi kautaha toto ʻe tolu ʻa ʻAmelika ʻoku pehē ʻi hono ʻuluaki pēsí: “FAKATOKANGA: Koeʻuhi ko e toto kakató mo e ngaahi konga tefito ʻo e totó ʻoku ngaohi mei he toto fakaetangatá, ʻoku nau ʻi ha tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki nai ʻi hono ʻave holo ha ngaahi siemu mahaki pipihi, ko e fakatātaá, ko e ngaahi vailasí. . . . ʻOku ʻikai ke toʻo atu ʻa e tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmakí ia ʻe he filifili lelei ʻo e tokotaha foaki totó mo e ngaahi sivi ʻoku ala maʻu ʻi he lēpí.”

ʻI he ngaahi ʻuhinga mātuʻaki mahuʻinga, ʻoku pehē ai ʻe Peter Carolan, ko e ʻōfisa māʻolunga ʻo e International Federation of Red Cross mo e Red Crescent Societies: “‘Heʻikai ʻaupito malava ke ʻoatu ha ngaahi fakapapauʻiʻanga fakaʻaufuli fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi toto ʻoku tokonaki maí.” ʻOkú ne tānaki atu: “ʻE kei ʻi ai maʻu pē ʻa e ngaahi mahaki pipihi foʻou ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai ha sivi ki ai he taimí ni.”

Fēfē kapau ʻe hā mai ha mahaki pipihi foʻou, ʻo hangē ko e ʻeitisí, ʻa ia ʻoku kei taʻealaʻiloʻi ia ʻi ha taha ʻi ha taimi lōloa pea ʻoku lava lelei ke mafola atu ia ʻi he huhu totó? ʻI he lea ʻi ha konifelenisi fakafaitoʻo ʻi Prague, ʻi he Lepupilika Sekí, ʻi ʻEpeleli 2005, naʻe ui ai ʻe Dr. Harvey G. Klein ʻo e Akoʻanga Fakapuleʻanga ʻa ʻAmelika ki he Moʻui Leleí ʻa e meʻa ko iá ko ha meʻa fakatupu-fakakaukau fakamātoato. Naʻá ne tānaki atu: “Ko e kau tānaki ʻo e ngaahi konga tefito ʻo e totó heʻikai te nau malava ʻi ha tuʻunga lelei ange he taimí ni ke taʻofi ha mahaki ʻoku fou ʻi he huhu totó ʻo hangē ko ʻenau malava ko ia ʻi he kamata mai ʻa e ʻeitisí.”

Ngaahi Fehālaaki mo e Anga ʻo e Tali ʻOku Hoko ʻi he Huhu Totó

Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ala fakatuʻutāmaki lahi taha felāveʻi mo e huhu totó ki he kau mahaki ko ia ʻi he ngaahi fonua tuʻumālié? Ko e ngaahi fehālaaki ʻi he ngāue ki he totó mo e anga ʻo e tali ki ai ʻa e sisitemi maluʻi ʻo e sinó. ʻI he fekauʻaki mo ha fakatotolo ʻi Kānata ʻi he 2001, naʻe līpooti ai ʻe he nusipepa Globe and Mail ʻo pehē ko e ngaahi huhu toto ʻe laui afe naʻe hoko ai ha ngaahi fehālaaki naʻe mei fakatupu mate koeʻuhi ko e “toʻo toto mei ha tokotaha mahaki hala, ko hono leipolo halaʻi ʻo e ngaahi foʻi totó mo hono kole ha toto maʻa ha tokotaha mahaki hala.” Ko e ngaahi fehālaaki peheé naʻe mole ai ʻa e moʻui ʻa e kakai ʻikai toe siʻi hifo ʻi he toko 441 ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 1995 mo e 2001.

Ko e faʻahinga ko ia ʻoku nau maʻu ha toto mei ha tokotaha kehé ʻoku nau fehangahangai mo e ngaahi tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki meimei tatau tofu pē mo e faʻahinga ko ia ʻoku nau hokosia ha fetongi ʻo ha ʻōkaní. ʻOku hehema ʻa e anga ʻo e tali ʻa e sisitemi maluʻi ʻo e sinó ia ke talitekeʻi ha konga ʻo ha taha kehe. ʻI he ngaahi keisi ʻe niʻihi, ʻoku malava ʻe he ngaahi huhu totó ke ne taʻofi ʻa e ngāue ʻa e anga ʻo e tali fakanatula ʻa e sisitemi maluʻí. Ko hono lōmia peheʻi ʻo e ngāue ʻa e sisitemi maluʻí ʻoku ʻai ai ke tuʻu laveangofua ʻa e tokotaha mahakí ki ha ngaahi mahaki pipihi ʻi he hili ʻo e tafá pea mo e ngaahi vailasi ko ia naʻe ʻikai ke toe ngāue ki muʻá. ʻOku ʻikai ha ofo ʻi hono hanga ʻe Palōfesa Ian M. Franklin ʻa ia naʻe lave ki ai ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e kupú ni, ʻo fakaʻaiʻai ʻa e kau toketā mataotao fakakilīnikí ke nau “fakakaukau tuʻo taha, tuʻo ua mo tuʻo tolu ki muʻa ke fai ha huhu toto ki he kau mahakí.”

Kuo Lea ʻa e Kau Mataotaó

ʻI hono maʻu ʻa e ʻilo peheé, ʻoku fakaʻau ai ke tokolahi ange ʻa e kau ngāue ʻi he falemahakí ʻoku nau toe vakai fakapotopoto ange ki he tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó. ʻOku līpooti mai ʻe he maʻuʻanga fakamatala ko e Dailey’s Notes on Blood: “ʻOku taukaveʻi ʻe he kau toketā ʻe niʻihi ko e toto ʻalosēnikí [toto mei ha taha kehé] ko ha faitoʻo fakatuʻutāmaki ia pea ʻe tapui hono ngāueʻakí kapau ʻe vakai ki ai ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga tatau pē ko ia ʻoku fai ki he ngaahi faitoʻo kona tapu kehé.”

ʻI he fakaofiofi ki he ngataʻanga ʻo e 2004, naʻe leaʻaki ai ʻe Palōfesa Bruce Spiess ʻa e meʻá ni fekauʻaki mo hono huhu ha konga tefito ʻo e totó ki he kau mahaki ʻoku nau hokosia ha tafa mafú: “ʻOku siʻisiʻi kapau ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi kupu [fakafaitoʻo] te ne poupouʻi mai ko e huhu totó te ne ʻai ke ola lelei ange ʻa e tokotaha mahakí.” Ko hono moʻoní, ʻokú ne tohi ʻo pehē ko e konga lahi ʻo e ngaahi huhu toto peheé “ʻoku lava ke ne fai ʻa e maumau lahi ange ki he sinó ʻi he lelei ʻokú ne faí ʻi he meimei huhu toto kotoa pē tuku kehe ha lavea lahi,” ʻo fakalahiʻi ai “ʻa e tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e niumōniá, ngaahi mahaki pipihí, tuʻu e tā ʻa e mafú mo e pā kālava.”

ʻOku fakaʻohovale ki he tokolahi ke ʻilo ko e ngaahi tuʻunga ki hono ngāueʻaki ʻo e totó ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi he tuʻunga tuʻumaʻu papau ia ʻo hangē ko ia ʻe ʻamanekina atu ʻe ha taha. Naʻe fakamanatu ki muí ni ʻe Dr. Gabriel Pedraza ki hono ngaahi kaungāngāue ʻi Silí ko e “huhu totó ko ha foʻi ngāue ʻoku ʻikai lava ke fakamatalaʻi feʻunga,” ko e foʻi ngāue ʻokú ne ʻai ʻo “faingataʻa ke . . . ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi tataki ʻoku tali fakamāmanilahí.” Tā neʻineʻi ke kole ʻe Brian McClelland, ko e talēkita ʻo e Vaʻa Huhu Toto ʻo ʻĒtinipua mo Sikotilaní ki he kau toketaá ke nau “manatuʻi ko ha huhu toto ko ha fetongi ia ʻo ha ʻōkani pea ko ia ai ʻoku ʻikai ko ha fili maʻamaʻa ia.” ʻOkú ne fokotuʻu mai ke fakakaukau atu ʻa e kau toketaá ki he fehuʻí ni, “Kapau naʻe ʻai mai ʻeni kiate au pe ko ʻeku kiʻi tamá, te u loto-lelei ki he huhu totó?”

Ko hono moʻoní, kuo lea hangatonu ha kau ngāue ʻi he falemahakí ʻo hangē ko ia naʻe fai ʻe ha toketā toto ʻe taha, ʻa ia naʻá ne tala ki he ʻĀ Hake!: “Ko kimautolu kau mataotao ʻi he tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó ʻoku ʻikai te mau saiʻia ke tali pe ke fai ha huhu toto.” Kapau ko e ongoʻi ē ʻa e niʻihi ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e faʻahinga tāutaha ne akoʻi lelei ʻi he malaʻe fakafaitoʻó, ʻoku totonu leva ke fēfē ʻa e ongoʻi ʻa e kau mahakí?

ʻE Fetongi ʻa e Faitoʻó?

Te ke fifili nai: ‘Kapau ʻoku fonu pehē ʻi he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmakí ʻa e tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó, ko e hā ʻoku kei ngāueʻaki lahi ai ʻa e totó, tautefito ki he taimi ʻoku ʻi ai ai ʻa e ngaahi faitoʻo kehe ke fetongiʻakí?’ Ko e taha e ʻuhingá ʻoku tokolahi ʻa e kau toketā ia ʻoku nau toumoua pē kinautolu ke liliu ʻa e ngaahi founga fakafaitoʻó, pe ʻoku ʻikai te nau lāuʻilo ki he ngaahi faitoʻo ko ia ʻoku lolotonga ngāueʻaki ko e fetongi ʻo e huhu totó. Fakatatau ki ha kupu ʻi he pepa ko e Transfusion, “ʻoku fakatuʻunga ʻe he kau toketaá ʻenau ngaahi fili ki he huhu totó ʻi he meʻa naʻa nau ako ki ai ʻi he kuohilí, ʻi he moʻoniʻi meʻa fakaetalatukufakaholo, pea ‘fakatuʻunga ʻi he sivi ʻo e tokotaha mahakí.’”

ʻOku lava ke ʻi ai ha ngaahi ola kehe ʻi he ngaahi pōtoʻi ʻa e toketā tafá. Ko Dr. Beverley Hunt, ʻo Lonitoni, ʻIngilani, ʻokú ne tohi ʻo pehē ko e “toto ʻoku molé ʻoku kehekehe lahi ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e kau toketā tafá, pea ʻoku tupulekina ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia ʻi he kau toketā tafa kuo akoʻi ʻi he pōtoʻi feʻunga fakaetafa hemositeisisí [ngaahi founga ke taʻofiʻaki ʻa e fānoa ʻa e totó].” ʻOku taukaveʻi ʻe he niʻihi kehe ko e ngaahi fakamole ki he ngaahi faitoʻo ke fetongiʻaki ʻa e huhu totó ʻoku fuʻu mamafa, neongo ko e ngaahi līpooti ia ʻoku haʻú ʻokú ne fakamoʻoniʻi mai ʻe ia ʻa e meʻa kehe. Kae kehe, ʻe loto-tatau ʻa e kau toketā tokolahi mo e talēkita fakafaitoʻo ko Dr. Michael Rose, ʻa ia ʻokú ne pehē: “ʻI hono ʻelitó, ko ha mahaki pē ʻokú ne maʻu ha faitoʻo taʻekau ki ai ʻa e totó, ko e tokotaha ia ʻokú ne maʻu ʻa e tafa lelei lahi taha ʻoku ala lavá.”a

ʻIkai ko e meʻa ia ʻokú ke fiemaʻú ko e tokangaekina fakafaitoʻo lelei tahá? Kapau ko ia, ʻokú ke tatau ai mo e kakai kuo nau ʻoatu kiate koe ʻa e makasini ko ʻení. Kātaki ʻo hoko atu hoʻo laú ke ke ako ai fekauʻaki mo honau tuʻunga fisifisimuʻa ʻi he meʻa fekauʻaki mo e huhu totó.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 14]

“Fakakaukau tuʻo taha, tuʻo ua mo tuʻo tolu ki muʻa ke fai ha huhu toto ki he kau mahakí.”—Palōfesa Ian M. Franklin

[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 14]

“Kapau naʻe ʻai mai ʻeni kiate au pe ko ʻeku kiʻi tamá, te u loto-lelei ki he huhu totó?”​—Brian McClelland

[Puha/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 15]

Mate Tupu mei he Uesia Lahi ʻo e Maʻamaʻá ʻi ha Huhu Toto

Ko e uesia lahi ʻo e maʻamaʻá ʻi ha huhu totó (TRALI), naʻe ʻuluaki līpooti ia ʻi he konga ki muʻa ʻo e 1990 tupú, ko ha tuʻunga ala fakatuʻutāmaki ia ʻa e anga ʻo e tali ʻa e sisitemi maluʻi ʻo e sinó ʻi he hili ʻo ha huhu toto. ʻOku ʻiloa he taimí ni ʻoku fakatupunga ʻe he uesia lahi ʻo e maʻamaʻá ʻi ha huhu totó ʻa e mate ʻa e lauingeau ʻi he taʻu taki taha. Kae kehe, ʻoku mahaloʻi ʻe he kau mataotaó ʻoku toe māʻolunga ange ʻa e tokolahí ia, koeʻuhi ʻoku ʻikai ke fakatokangaʻi ʻe he kau ngāue tokolahi ʻi he falemahakí ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ki he meʻá ni. Neongo ʻoku ʻikai ke mahino ʻa e meʻa ʻokú ne fakatupunga ʻa e anga ʻo e tali ko iá, fakatatau ki he makasini New Scientist, ko e toto ko ia ʻokú ne fakatupunga iá “ʻoku hā ko e haʻu tefito mei he kakai ne hū ki ai ha ngaahi kulupu toto kehekehe ʻi he kuohilí, hangē ko e . . . kakai ne lahi ha ngaahi huhu toto ki ai.” ʻOku pehē ʻe ha līpooti ʻe taha ʻoku ofi hake ʻeni ʻa e uesia lahi ʻo e maʻamaʻá ʻi he huhu totó ki he tumutumu ʻo e fakahokohoko ki he tupuʻanga ʻo e mate tupu mei he huhu totó ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté mo Pilitānia, ʻo ʻai ai ia “ko ha palopalema lahi ange ia ki he ngaahi pangikē totó ʻo lahi ange ia ʻi he ngaahi mahaki ʻiloa hangē ko e HIV.”

[Puha/Taiakalami ʻi he peesi 16, 17]

Ko e Faʻunga ʻo e Totó

ʻOku faʻa foaki ʻe he kau foaki totó ʻa e toto kakató. Neongo ia, ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga lahi, ʻoku nau ʻoatu ʻa e pelesimaá. Neongo ʻoku huhu ʻe he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi ʻa e toto kakató, ʻoku anga-maheni lahi ange ʻa hono fakamavaheʻi ʻa e totó ki hono ngaahi konga tefitó ki muʻa ke siviʻi pea ngāueʻaki ʻi he tafaʻaki fakafaitoʻo huhu totó. Fakatokangaʻi ʻa e ngaahi konga tefito ʻe faá, ko ʻenau ngāué, pea mo e peseti ʻo e voliume toto fakakātoa ʻoku nau maʻu taki taha.

PELESIMĀ ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 52 ki he 62 ʻo e toto kakató. Ko ha huhuʻa engeenga vaivai ʻa ia ʻoku tuifio ai ʻa e ngaahi sela totó, ngaahi polotini mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe ʻoku ʻikai te nau vaia ʻo movete ai pea ʻoku nau tafe fakataha atu ai pē.

Ko e peseti ʻe 91.5 ʻo e pelesimaá ko e vai. Ko e ngaahi polotiní, ʻa ē ʻoku toʻo mei ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi konga iiki ʻo e pelesimaá, ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 7 ʻo e pelesimaá (ʻoku kau ki ai ʻa e ngaahi albumin, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 4 nai ʻo e pelesimaá; peseti ʻe 3 nai ʻa e globulin; pea ko e fibrinogen, ʻoku siʻi hifo ʻi he peseti ʻe 1). Ko e toenga leva ʻo e peseti ʻe 1.5 ʻo e pelesimaá ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻa kehe ai, hangē ko e ngaahi ivi fakameʻatokoni, ngaahi hōmone, ngaahi kasa fekauʻaki mo e mānavá, ngaahi māsima ʻi he totó, ngaahi vaitamini, mo e ngaahi naitolokena taʻeʻaonga.

NGAAHI SELA TOTO HINEHINA

ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti siʻi hifo ʻi he 1 ʻo e toto kakató. ʻOku nau ʻohofi mo fakaʻauha ha faʻahinga siemu maumau kehe ʻoku hū mai.

NGAAHI PELETILETI

ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti siʻi hifo ʻi he 1 ʻo e toto kakató. ʻOku nau faʻu ʻa e ngaahi meʻa fakafatu totó, ʻo taʻofi ai ʻa e totó mei heʻene hū ki tuʻa he ngaahi mataʻilaveá.

NGAAHI SELA TOTO KULOKULA

ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti 38 ki he 48 ʻo e toto kakató. Ko e ngaahi sela ko ʻení ʻoku nau tauhi ʻa e kakanó ke moʻui ʻaki hono ʻomai ki ai ʻa e ʻosikená pea toʻo atu ʻa e kāponi taiʻokisaití.

Hangē pē ko e malava ʻa e pelesimaá ke hoko ko ha matavai ia ʻo ha fanga kiʻi konga iiki kehekehe, ʻoku malava ke fai ha ngāue ki he ngaahi konga tefito kehé ke maʻu mei ai ha ngaahi konga iiki ange, pe fanga kiʻi kongokonga iiki. Ko e fakatātaá, ko e hemokolopiní ko ha kiʻi konga siʻisiʻi ia ʻo e sela toto kulokulá.

[Taiakalami]

PELESIMĀ

VAI 91.5%

POLOTINI 7%

NGAAHI ALBUMIN

NGAAHI GLOBULIN

FIBRINOGEN

NGAAHI MEʻA KEHE 1.5%

NGAAHI IVI FAKAMEʻATOKONI

NGAAHI HŌMONE

NGAAHI KASA FEKAUʻAKI MO E MĀNAVÁ

NGAAHI MĀSIMA ʻI HE TOTÓ

NGAAHI VAITAMINI

NGAAHI NAITOLOKENA TAʻEʻAONGA

[Maʻuʻanga]

Peesi 17: Ko e ngaahi konga tefito ʻo e totó ʻi he ngaahi siakalé: Ko e foʻi ngāue ko ʻení naʻe fakapaʻanga fakakātoa pe ko hono konga ʻaki ʻa e paʻanga fakakominiueli mei he National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, ʻi he malumalu ʻo e aleapau N01-CO-12400. Ko e ngaahi meʻa ʻi loto ʻi he pepá ni ʻoku ʻikai te ne fakahaaʻi ʻa e ngaahi vakai pe ngaahi founga ngāue ʻa e Department of Health and Human Services, pe lave ki ha ngaahi hingoa fefakatauʻaki, ngaahi koloa fakakomēsiale, pe ngaahi kautaha ke fakahuʻunga ʻo pehē ʻoku poupouʻi ʻe he Puleʻanga ʻAmeliká

[Puha/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 16, 17]

Ngaahi Faitoʻo ke Fetongiʻaki ʻa e Huhu Totó

ʻI he taʻu ʻe ono kuo maliu atú, kuo tufaki ai ʻe he Ngaahi Kōmiti Fetuʻutaki Fakafalemahaki maʻá e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ha tatau lahi ʻaupito ʻo e foʻi polokalama vitiō Transfusion-Alternative Strategies​—Simple, Safe, Effective ʻi he ngaahi lea ʻe 25 nai ki he faʻahinga ko ia ʻi he malaʻe fakafaitoʻó.b ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻi he foʻi polokalama vitioó ʻa e lāulea ʻa e kau toketā ʻiloa ʻi māmani ki he ngaahi founga ola lelei ʻoku lolotonga ngāueʻaki ki hono faitoʻo ʻo e kau mahakí taʻekau ai ha huhu totó. ʻOku tokanga ʻa e kakaí ki he fakamatala ʻi he foʻi vitioó. Ko e fakatātaá, ʻi he hili ʻa e mamata ʻi he polokalamá ni ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo e 2001, naʻe ʻoatu ai ʻe he National Blood Service (NBS) ʻi Pilitāniá ha tohi fakataha mo ha tatau ʻo e foʻi vitioó ni ki he kotoa ʻo e kau pule pangikē totó mo e kau toketā toto mataotaó ʻi he fonuá kotoa. Naʻe fakalototoʻaʻi kinautolu ke nau sio ʻi he foʻi polokalamá koeʻuhi ko e “fakaʻaʻau ke fakatokangaʻi ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi taumuʻa ʻo e ngaahi ngāue fakafaitoʻo mataotaó ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei he huhu totó ʻo ka malava.” Naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻi he tohí “ko e pōpoaki fakalūkufua [ʻi he foʻi vitioó] ʻoku taau ke fakaongoongoleleiʻi pea ko e taha ia e meʻa ʻoku poupouʻi mālohi ʻe he NBS.”

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Puha/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 17]

Vahevahe Fakakongokonga—Ko Hono Ngāueʻaki ʻa e Ngaahi Konga Iiki Ange ʻo e Totó ʻi he Faitoʻó

ʻOku hanga ʻe he saienisí mo e tekinolosiá ʻo ʻai ke malava ʻo ʻiloʻi mo fakamavaheʻi ʻa e ngaahi ʻelemēniti mei he totó fakafou ʻi ha foʻi ngāue ʻoku ui ko e vahevahe fakakongokonga. Ke fakatātaaʻi: Ko e tahí, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 96.5 ai ko e vai, ʻa ia ʻoku lava ke vahevahe ia fakafou ʻi he foʻi ngāue ko e vahevahe fakakongokongá ke maʻu ʻa e toenga ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻi he tahí, hangē ko e makanesiume, bromine pea pehē foki ki he māsimá. ʻOku pehē pē, ko e toto pelesimaá, ʻa ia ʻoku faʻuʻaki ʻa e lahi hake ʻi he vaeua ʻo e voliume toto kakató, ʻoku laka hake ʻi he peseti ʻe 90 ko e vai pea ʻoku malava ke ngāueʻi ia ke maʻu ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi konga iiki ʻoku kau ai ʻa e ngaahi polotini hangē ko e albumin, fibrinogen mo e ngaahi globulin kehekehe.

Ke hoko ko ha konga ʻo e faitoʻó, ʻe fokotuʻu atu nai ʻe ha toketā ha lahi pau ʻo ha kiʻi konga ʻo e pelesimaá ʻa ia kuo ʻosi toʻo mei ai ʻa e vaí. Ko ha fakatātā ʻo e meʻá ni ko e kiʻi konga ʻo e pelesimaá ʻoku lahi ai ʻa e polotiní pea ʻoku lava ke ne fakafatu ʻa e totó ʻa ia ʻoku maʻu ʻi hono fakapoloka ʻa e pelesimaá pea toki ʻai leva ke vaia. Ko e konga ko ʻeni ʻo e pelesimaá ʻoku ʻikai ke vaiá ʻoku fonu ʻi he ngaahi meʻa ʻokú ne fakafatu ʻa e totó pea ʻoku faʻa ʻave ia ki he kau mahakí ke taʻofiʻaki ʻa e fānoa ʻa e totó. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi faitoʻo kehe ʻoku kau nai ki ai ha kiʻi konga siʻisiʻi ʻo e totó, pe ko ha kiʻi konga valevale pē ʻo e totó ʻoku ʻi aí pe ko ha kiʻi konga tefito ia ʻi he ngaahi meʻa tuifio ko iá.c ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi polotini pelesimā ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻi he ngaahi huhu anga-mahení ʻa ia ʻoku malava ke tokoni ia ki hono fakatupulekina ʻa e sisitemi maluʻi ʻi he sinó ʻi he hili ʻene fetaulaki mo ha ngaahi siemu fakatupu mahaki. ʻOku meimei ko e fanga kiʻi konga iiki kotoa ʻo e totó ʻa ē ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻi he ngaahi ngāue fakafaitoʻó ʻoku kau ki ai ʻa e ngaahi polotini ʻoku maʻu ʻi he toto pelesimaá.

Fakatatau ki he Science News, “kuo ʻiloʻi ʻe he kau saienisí ha laui teau siʻi pē ʻo e ngaahi polotini ʻoku fakafuofua ki he laui afé ʻoku ʻi he halanga toto ʻo ha taha.” ʻI he tupulaki ʻa e mahino ki he totó ʻi he kahaʻú, ʻe ala maʻu nai ai ha ngaahi faitoʻo foʻou ʻe toʻo mei he ngaahi polotini ko ʻení.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 14, 15]

ʻOku tokanga ʻaupito ʻa e kau ngāue fakafaitoʻo ʻe niʻihi fekauʻaki mo e tuʻunga ke ngāueʻaki ai ʻa e totó