Kasi Mukumanya?

Kasi Modekayi Wakaŵako Nadi?

MUYUDA wakuchemeka Modekayi wali na chigaŵa chikuru chomene pa vyakuchitika ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu buku la mu Baibolo la Esitere. Iyo wakaŵa yumoza wa Ŵayuda awo ŵakakoleka wuzga ndipo wakagwiranga ntchito pa nyumba yachifumu ku Peresiya. Ivi vikachitika mu vyaka vyakwambilira vya m’ma 500 B.C.E., “mu mazuŵa gha [Themba] Ahasuweru.” (Ŵanthu ŵanandi mazuŵa ghano ŵakugomezga kuti themba ili wakaŵa Zekisesi I.) Modekayi wakatondeska chiŵembu icho ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakachita kuti ŵakome themba. Pakukhumba kuwonga, Themba likanozga vyakuti Modekayi wachindikike pamaso pa ŵanthu. Pamanyuma, wati wafwa Hamani uyo wakatinkhanga Modekayi kweniso Ŵayuda ŵanyake, themba likamukwezga Modekayi kufika pakuŵa nduna yikuru. Pakuŵa nduna yikuru, Modekayi wakapeleka dango ilo likathaska Ŵayuda ku chiŵembu cha kukomeka mu Ufumu wose wa Peresiya.—Est. 1:1; 2:5, 21-23; 8:1, 2; 9:16.

Nkhwantha zinyake za mdauko, kukwambilira kwa m’ma 1900 zikatenge ivyo vikuyowoyeka mu buku la Esitere ni vyakuchita kwata waka, ndipo zikatenge Modekayi wakaŵako nadi yayi. Kweni mu 1941, nkhwantha zakusanda vinthu vyakufukura pasi zikasanga uwo tingati mbukaboni wakukhozgera ivyo Baibolo likuyowoya pa nkhani ya Modekayi. Kasi zikasanga vichi?

Ŵakaswiri ŵakabowozga chikalata chakulembeka mu vilembo vya kyunifomu icho chikuzunura zina lakuti Marduka (mu Chitumbuka Modekayi). Munthu uyu wakagwiranga ntchito mu ofesi, panyake wakaŵa wakupendesera ndalama, mu Shushani. Chikalata ichi chati chasangika, Arthur Ungnad, nkhwantha ya mdauko wa Kumafumiro gha Dazi, wakayowoya kuti padera pa Baibolo, chikalata ichi chikaŵa chakwamba icho chikuzunurapo zina la Modekayi.

Kufuma apo Ungnad wakafumiskira lipoti ili, ŵakaswiri ŵang’anamulira viphapha vinandi vya kyunifomu vya ku Peresiya. Vinyake mwa viphapha ivi vikuchemeka Persepolis, ivyo vikasangika mu vibwangandu vya Malo Ghakusungako Vyuma, musi mwa viliŵa vya msumba uwu. Viphapha ivi ni vya mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Zekisesi I. Vili kulembeka mu chiyowoyero cha Ŵaelamu, ndipo muli mazina ghanandi agho ghakusangikaso mu buku la Esitere.a

Mu viphapha vinandi vya Persepolis mukuzunulika zina lakuti Marduka, uyo wakaŵa mulembi wa themba ku nyumba yachifumu ku Shushani mu nyengo ya kuwusa kwa Zekisesi I. Chiphapha chinyake chikuti Marduka wakaŵa mung’anamuri. Ivi vikukolerana chomene na umo Baibolo likumulongosolera Modekayi. Ilo likuti Modekayi wakaŵa wantchito wa Themba Ahasuweru (Zekisesi I) ndipo wakayowoyanga viyowoyero kujumpha pa viŵiri. Nyengo zinandi Modekayi wakakhalanga mu chipata cha themba ku nyumba yachifumu ku Shushani. (Est. 2:19, 21; 3:3) Chipata ichi chikaŵa chinyumba chikuru uko ŵateŵeti ŵa themba ŵakagwiliranga ntchito zawo.

Pali kuyana kukuru pakati pa Marduka uyo wakuzunulika mu viphapha na Modekayi uyo wakuzunulika mu Baibolo. Nyengo iyo ŵakaŵirako, malo agho ŵakakhalanga, maudindo agho ŵakaŵa nagho, na uko ŵakagwiranga ntchito, vyose vikuyana. Ntheura vyose ivi vikulongora kuti Marduka uyo wakuzunulika mu viphapha ndiyo ni Modekayi uyo wakuzunulika mu buku la Esitere la mu Baibolo.