Norfolk Island—Efi Nneduafo Tubraman Abɛyɛ Akwantufo Paradise
Efi New Zealand Nyan! kyerɛwfo hɔ
NNIPA a wɔbaa Norfolk Island mpoano bɛboro mfe 150 a atwam ni no mu dodow no ara bae wɔ ɔhyɛ ase—sɛ nneduafo. Na ɛhɔ yɛ nsɛmmɔnedifo a wɔde wɔn fi Australia no tubraman, na na agye din sɛ nneduafi ahorow a ɛhɔ tra yɛ den sen biara wɔ Britania abakɔsɛm mu no mu biako. Ɛnnɛ, akwantufo bɛboro 20,000 kɔsrasra paradise supɔw yi so afe biara.
Nanso Norfolk lsland wɔ he? Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na nsakrae a efi nneduafo tubraman bɛyɛɛ akwantufo anigyebea no bae? Nsɛm a ɛyɛ nwonwa bɛn na anya supɔw no abakɔsɛm so nkɛntɛnso? Afɛfɛde bɛn na Norfolk wɔ ma nsrahwɛfo nnɛ?
Supɔw yi abakɔsɛm a ɛyɛ anigye a na madi kan asua no maa ɔpɛ a na mewɔ sɛ mɛkɔ akɔsra hɔ no yɛɛ kɛse. Misuae sɛ 1774 mu na Engiresini ɔkwantuni a ogyee din Captain James Cook, a na ɔde hyɛn nenam Pasifik Po kɛse no kɛsee fam atɔe kohuu asase ketewaa a ne trɛw yɛ kilomita 5, na ne tenten yɛ kilomita 8 a efi ogya bepɔw mu bae, a ɛyɛ asase kilomita ɔhaha pii a ɛkɔ New Zealand kesee fam no fã bi no ho mmom na ɛnyɛ “Kesee Fam Asasepɔn Kɛse” a na ɔhwehwɛ no. Cook de supɔw no too Norfolk hene.
“Awerɛhow Supɔw”
Nhoma Norfolk—An Island and Its People no ka sɛ: “Norfolk anya abakɔsɛm a ɛsonsonoe yiye. Ade biako ne sɛ, te sɛ nea osu muna no, bere a nnipa baa ha no ankyɛ na basabasayɛ dii akyi.”
Cook kohuu hɔ akyi bɛyɛ mfe 14 na woguu basabasayɛ aba wɔ hɔ bere a Lieutenant Philip King kɔtraa hɔ sɛ ɔregye ama Britania Nniso no, na okura atirimpɔw foforo bi a ɛno de ennye, sɛ ɔbɛyɛ nneduafo atubraman wɔ hɔ na nnipa ankyere so pii wɔ Britania nneduadan ahorow mu.
Ɛwom sɛ wogyaee ɛhɔnom a wɔde di dwuma saa no wɔ 1814 mu esiane sɛ na wɔsɛe sika pii wɔ ho no nti de, nanso wɔsan hyehyɛe wɔ 1825 mu na wɔde nsɛmmɔnedifo ahorow pii kɔɔ hɔ, na ebinom ho yɛ hu, ebinom yɛ amammui mu nsɛmmɔnedifo ne afoforo pii a wɔde wɔn fi wɔn man mu wɔ akyirikyiri beguu afiase wɔ mfomso nketewa koraa ho. Enti, nea anka ebetumi ayɛ Pasifik paradise a asomdwoe wɔ hɔ no bɛyɛɛ “Awerɛhow Supɔw” mfe 30 kosii sɛ woamfa anni dwuma bio wɔ 1854 mu.
Dɛn nti na ɛyɛ “Awerɛhow Supɔw“? Mihu fii nhoma Discovering Norfolk Island no mu sɛ “na tebea no sakra wɔ nea obedi [nneduafo] Sohwɛfo Panyin biara akyi aba no bere so. Atirimɔden mmoroso ne nhyɛso nniso taa di nea ɛyɛ ayamye ne ahummɔbɔ de akyi. Ɛbere no mu abakɔsɛm yɛ awudi, atuatew, mmɔden a wɔbɔe sɛ wobeguan nanso anyɛ yiye, ɛtɔ mmere bi a na ebinom atumi aguan, ne kumfɔ ne ɔhwe a ɛyɛ asotwe ho nsɛm nkutoo. Ɛwom sɛ Major Thomas Bunbury a na ɔne nneduafo Sohwɛfo Panyin wɔ 1839 mu no hyɛe sɛ wɔmmɔ mmarima baanum a wɔpɛe sɛ wɔde hyɛmma guan no mu biara mmaa 300 de, nanso ɔyɛɛ nhyehyɛe ma wɔkyɛɛ nneduafo a wɔnyɛ basabasa no ade.”
Wɔde nneduafo yɛɛ adwuma de sisii nneduafi atrae ahorow a wɔn ankasa afiase adan, asraafo atrae ne adan afoforo a ɛda so sisi hɔ nnɛ wɔ tebea horow mu no ka ho, na ɛboa ma supɔw no abakɔsɛm yɛ nea ɛda nsow. Mitumi nantenantew afasu ne adan a wɔka sɛ ɛyɛ Georgia adansi a ɛyɛ fɛ sen biara wɔ asase no Kesee Fam yi mu bi ntam. Ɛde m’adwene kɔɔ mfe 150 a atwam no so na meyɛɛ sɛnea mitumi te nneduafo no mmɔborosu no ho mfonini wɔ m’adwenem.
Norfolk Supɔw no Atuatew no
Norfolk amusiei a mekɔfae no ma minyaa supɔw no abakɔsɛm soronko no mu ntease a ɛkɔ akyiri. Edin Christian a mihui wɔ ada so nkaedum pii so no yɛɛ me nwonwa. Wɔ me nsrahwɛ no mu no, na metaa te sɛ ɛhɔfo no ka sɛ, “Meyɛ Kristoni” a na ɛnyɛ ɔsom a wɔwɔ mu no nti, na mmom wɔreka abusua a wofi mu ho asɛm.
Nnipa kakraa bi na wɔntee hyɛn a wɔtoo din Bounty no ne atuatew a esii wom no ho asɛm. Ɛho asɛm wɔ nhoma pii ne anyɛ yiye koraa no sini ahorow abiɛsa mu. Wɔn a wonim wɔn ho asɛm yiye saa ara nso ne atamfo atitiriw Captain Bligh ne n’abadiakyiri nsiananmu kumaa, Fletcher Christian. Na ɛyɛ April 1789, bere a wɔafi Tahiti no akyi, na Christian ne ne mfɛfo atuatewfo de Bligh ne n’asraafo 18 guu hyɛmma ketewaa bi mu gyaw wɔn wɔ po no so. Wɔ adapɛn ason a emu yɛ den a wodii wɔ po so ne nea wɔaka ho asɛm sɛ nsu so akwantu mu akokoduru a ɛkyɛn so mu biako wɔ po so nsɛm ho abakɔsɛm mu akyi no, Bligh ne n’ahokafo koduu Timor a mprempren ɛyɛ Indonesia fã a na ɛbɛyɛ sɛ kilomita 6,400 wɔ beae a wogyaa wɔn no atɔe fam. Akyiri yi Bligh san kɔɔ England kɔbɔɔ n’amanneɛ na wɔkyeree atuatewfo no mu baasa dii wɔn asɛm sɛn wɔn.
Saa bere no ara mu no, Fletcher, ne mfɛfo atuatewfo 8 ne Tahitifo 19 a mmarima ne mmea ka ho de Bounty no guanee na wɔantwe wɔn aso. Wɔ 1790 mu no woduu Pitcairn Island a ɛwɔ Tahiti kesee fam apuei, na efi hɔ kɔ Tahiti yɛ kilomita 2,200 no so.
Wɔ atuatewfo no fam no, wobetumi aka sɛ na Pitcairn Supɔw no yɛ asotwe wɔ akwan bi so. Na supɔw no so asetra yɛ den. Ninkuntwe de basabasayɛ ne owu bae. Nanso, wɔ nsɛnnennen yi ne asetra a na emu yɛ den nyinaa akyi no, “tubraman” no ase angu, na wɔansusuw sɛ wɔ 1856 mu no, wɔbɛma wɔn asefo anya hokwan atra Norfolk Supɔw no so kilomita 7,000 wɔ atɔe fam.
Pitcairn kɔ Norfolk
June 8, 1990, no osu tɔe wɔ Norfolk Supɔw no so na na awɔw wom. Nanso, wim tebea no ammu supɔw no sofo ɔhaha pii a wɔhyehyɛ afeha a ɛto so 19 mu ntade fɛfɛ a na wɔahyia wɔ hyɛn gyinabea hɔ rebedi afe afe Bounty Da afahyɛ no aba mu. Sɛ bɛhwɛadeni onigyefo no, mihuu hyɛnmufo a wɔyɛ te sɛ wɔahyia ahum ne asorɔkye de kyerɛ sɛnea hyɛn no beduu hɔ wɔ mfe 134 a atwam no mu wɔ 1856 mu no.
Na saa afe no yɛ atuatew no akyi mfe 67. Afei Pitcairn Supɔw sofo 193 bɛyɛɛ atrae foforo wɔ Norfolk Supɔw so. Akyiri yi wɔn mu binom san kɔe nti nnipa da so wɔ Pitcairn besi nnɛ.
Sɛ anka wɔn a wɔatu abɛtra Norfolk foforo—a wɔyɛ Europafo ne Tahitifo asefo no bɛda atuatewfo basabasayɛ su adi mmom no—wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔbɛn wɔn ho, wɔpɛ nyamesom ne adamfofa. Na kuayɛ ne mpataayi ne wɔn adwuma titiriw. Wɔn Pitcairn osuahu no ama wɔahu sɛnea wɔtra ase sɛ nnipa a wɔatew wɔn ho a wɔyɛ wɔn ankasa biribiara. Na wɔne wiase no ntam nkitahodi kakraa bi a ɛnam hyɛn a ɛretwam so no mpo yɛ den esiane nsu a emu dɔ a wɔde bɛyɛ hyɛn gyinabea biara a enni hɔ no nti.
Wimhyɛn Gyinabea ne Nsakrae
Sɛnea ɛte wɔ Pasifik Kesee Fam supɔw aman ahorow ho no, Wiase Ko II maa nsakrae baa Norfolk, nea ɛyɛ titiriw wom ne wimhyɛn gyinabea a wɔyɛe wɔ hɔ no. Esiane wimhyɛn gyinabea no nti, wɔne wiase no di nkitaho pii na supɔw no anya ade titiriw a ɛma wonya sika, akwantufo nsrahwɛ.
Ansa na me ne me mfɛfo akwantufo no resi wɔ Norfolk wimhyɛn gyinabea no, ɛhɔni bi a ɔyɛ Government Tourist Bureau no ɔnanmusifo ka kyerɛɛ yɛn sɛ esiane nyɛmmoa a wɔnenam mmɔnten so no nti, “yɛsrɛ mo sɛ momfa ahwɛ yiye nka afiri. Mmoa no wɔ hokwan sɛ wɔnantew ɔkwan no so.” Nokwarem no, akwantufo a wofi Australia ne New Zealand titiriw ba no ani gye asetra kwan a ɛnyɛ akɛsesɛm no ho. Nea ɛyɛ anigye nso ne ɛhɔ fɛ, aguadi a wontua ho tow ne tete nneduafo tubraman, ne akyiri yi Bounty no mu atuatew ho abakɔsɛm a ɛda nsow no.
Ɛwom sɛ supɔw no sofo gye tom sɛ sika a wonya no gyina akwantufo nsrahwɛ adwuma no so de, nanso mprempren nsrahwɛ a ayɛ pii no haw wɔn a wɔatra Norfolk akyɛ no mu binom a wɔn ani gyina kan nna a wɔn ankasa yɛ wɔn biribiara no. Bere a mibisaa ɛhɔni bi sɛ n’ani gyina kan nna no anaa no, obuae sɛ: “Yiw! Oo, yiw! Yiye paa! Na obiara wɔ bere a ɔde kyerɛ sɛ osusuw afoforo ho nokwarem. Na nnipa kyɛ ade. Mprempren de biribiara ayɛ sikasɛm.”
“Watawieh Yuu”
Saa na wokyiaa me da koro anɔpa bi a na meyɛ afie ne afie asɛnka adwuma no. “Watawieh yuu” (What a way you) ase kyerɛ sɛ “Awɛ; wo ho te dɛn?” Bere a Engiresi titiriw na wɔka wɔ Norfolk Island no, 1856 mu atubrafo no de wɔn ankasa kasa bi a ɛyɛ anigye bae, tete Engiresi ne Tahiti kasa a wɔde afra a wɔyɛe bere a wɔwɔ Pitcairn no. “Pitcairn,” anaasɛ “Norfolk,” yɛ kasa ankasa a ɛyɛ hwanyann sen Pidgin English, na ne ka yɛ anigye.
Mehwɛɛ nhwɛso ahorow pii wɔ nhoma Speak Norfolk Today no mu. “Twelw salan goe d’ miiting” kyerɛ sɛ “Nnipa dumien na wɔkɔɔ nhyiam no.” “Es gud dieh, el duu f’ gu fishen” kyerɛ sɛ “Wim tew nnɛ, eye ma po kɔ.”
“Bra na Bɛhwɛ”
Akwantufo brochure biako ka Norfolk ho asɛm sɛ: “Beae a adamfofa su wɔ hɔ, ɛhɔ yɛ anigye, tete nneɛma wɔ, ɛhɔ yɛ fɛ, ahotɔ wɔ, asiane nni hɔ, ɛyɛ anigyina, ɛhɔ nsɛee, wotumi di agoru wɔ hɔ, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkɔ akwamma wɔ hɔ sen biara wɔ wiase.” Ɛhɔni bi de anigye ka kyerɛɛ me sɛ: “Misusuw sɛ wɔ mprempren nneɛma nhyehyɛe yi mu no, yɛbɛn paradise mu tebea horow ho yiye sɛnea ebetumi, na merempɛ sɛ mefi ha akɔ baabi foforo biara.”
Ɛwom sɛ ɛwɔ Kesee Fam Po no mu de, nanso kwae wɔ ne nkuraase. Mmepɔw a ɛyɛ fɛ, nnua, afifide ne nhwiren a ɛyɛ fɛ wɔ hɔ. Beae a eye biara a wubegyina no, wutumi hu Pasifik Po kɛse no. Afie a nnipa a wɔwɔ mu no nyɛ pii dodo wowɔ nturo afɛfɛ mu. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi nni hɔ. Nnipa no kɔ so yere wɔn ho yɛ adwuma, a aban no mmoa kakraa bi pɛ na wohia. Sɛnea wɔn ankasa yɛ wɔn biribiara, tebea biara mu a wotumi tra suban no da so wɔ hɔ. Na wɔ supɔw ketewaa yi so mpo no, Yehowa Adansefo ka wɔn asɛmpa nkrasɛm no wɔ hɔ.
Supɔw a ɛda nsow yi so nnipa a wɔwɔ ahɔhoyɛ su yi bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ, “Yorlye cum look orn”—“Bra na bɛhwɛ.” Na ɛyɛ anigye sɛ minyaa hokwan gyee ɔfrɛ no so.
[Map/Picture on page 15]
Beae a eye biara a wubegyina no, wutumi hu Pasifik Po kɛse no
[Asase mfonini]
(For fully formatted text, see publication.)
Norfolk Island
Pitcairn Island
New Zealand
[Kratafa 16 mfonini]
Aban adan ne nneduadan afasu; Philip Island na ɛwɔ akyirikyiri hɔ no
Norfolk pine ankasa a egyina hɔ teaa