“Afiri a Wotumi De Sua Ade Sen Biara wɔ Amansan Yi Mu”
WƆKA akokoaa amemene ho asɛm sɛ “ɛyɛ afiri a wotumi de sua ade sen biara wɔ amansan yi mu,” na ntease wom sɛ wɔka saa. Akokoaa nya ba wiase pɛ a, na wayɛ krado sɛ obehu nneɛma, ate nnyigyei ahorow, na wate biribiara a atwa ne ho ahyia nka.a
Nea ɛsen ne nyinaa no, nnipa afoforo anim a ɔhwɛ, wɔn nne a ɔte, ne wɔn nsa a wɔde suso ne mu no ma ne ho dwiriw no. Nhoma a wɔato din Babyhood, a Penelope Leach kyerɛwee no ka sɛ: “Wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ nneɛma a akokoaa hu a n’ani gye ho, nea ɔte a ɛtwetwe no na ɔpɛ sɛ otie, ne nnyigyei a ɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔno nso bɛyɛ bi no mu. Onya saa nneɛma yi nyinaa a ɔmmrɛ ho koraa fi onipa a wanyin a ɔhwɛ no no hɔ.” Ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ awofo di akoten wɔ sɛnea mmofra nyin no mu!
“Mekasae sɛ Akokoaa”
Sɛnea akokoaa tumi tie kasa kɛkɛ na osua no yɛ awofo ne nnuruyɛfo a wɔhwɛ mmofra nyinaa nwonwa. Nhwehwɛmufo ahu sɛ nnafua kakraa bi wɔ akokoaa bi awo akyi no, otumi hu ne maame nne na n’ani gye ho sen obi foforo de; adapɛn kakraa bi ntam no, otumi hu nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ n’awofo kasa ne kasa afoforo nnyigyei mu; na asram kakraa bi mu no, otumi hu sɛnea nsɛm toatoam fa, na ɛma ohu nsonsonoe a ɛda kasa ankasa ne nsɛmfua a wɔde gyigye no agoru no mu.
Kristoni somafo Paulo kyerɛwee sɛ: “Meyɛ akokoaa no, mekasae sɛ akokoaa.” (1 Korintofo 13:11) Ɔkwan bɛn so na akokoaa kasa? Ɔtaa woro nsɛm a ntease nni mu. So dede bi kɛkɛ na ɔreyɛ? Ɛnte saa koraa! Ɔbenfo Lise Eliot ka wɔ ne nhoma no mu sɛ, kasa yɛ “adwuma nwonwaso a nipadua no mu ntini yɛ, na ɛma anofafa, tɛkrɛma, dodom, ne menewa no keka bom ntɛmntɛm ma nnyigyei ba.” Ɔtoa so sɛ: “Bere a ɛte sɛ nea dede a mmofra yɛ no yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so twetwe adwene ba wɔn ho so no, ɛsan nso yɛ ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so de sua kasa a ɛyɛ adeyɛ nwonwaso no.”—What’s Going On in There?—How the Brain and Mind Develop in the First Five Years of Life.
Mmofra yɛ dede a, awofo no nso ne wɔn kasa wɔ ɔkwan bi so, na eyi nso wɔ atirimpɔw a edi. Nsɛm a awofo ka de gyigye akokoaa no kanyan no ma ɔkasa. Saa kasa a ɛkɔ so wɔ akokoaa ne ne maame ntam no kyerɛ akokoaa no ɔkwan a wɔfa so bɔ nkɔmmɔ—adeyɛ a ɔde bedi dwuma wɔ ne nkwa nna nyinaa mu.
Nsakrae a Ɛba
Mmaatan yɛ adwumaden de di nkokoaa no ahiade biara ho dwuma da biara da. Akokoaa no su ara pɛ a, na obi ama no aduan. Ɔteɛm ara pɛ, na obi asesa ne ho ama no. Osu ara pɛ na obi ama no so. Akokoaa a wogyigye no so saa no ho hia, na ɛfata nso. Ɛyɛ ɔkwan titiriw a awofo fa so di wɔn asɛyɛde ho dwuma sɛ ahwɛfo.—1 Tesalonikafo 2:7.
Esiane nsɛm a yɛaka yi nti, yɛhwɛ kwan sɛ akokoaa no begye atom sɛ ne ho hia sen obiara wɔ amansan yi mu, na mpanyimfo, titiriw n’awofo asɛyɛde ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ adi n’ahiade nkutoo ho dwuma. Ɛmfata sɛ wonya adwene a ɛte saa, nanso ntease wom. Kae sɛ, wɔahwɛ akokoaa no wɔ ɔkwan a ɛte saa so bɛboro afe ni. Abofra no adwenem no, obu ne ho sɛ ɔyɛ onipa titiriw a ɔbɔ waw ara pɛ a, na wodi so. Abusua fotufo John Rosemond kyerɛwee sɛ: “Egye bɛyɛ mfe abien na awofo ama wɔn mma ate nka sɛ wɔyɛ ahemfo; nanso sɛ wobetumi ayi saa adwene yi afi wɔn tirim a, anyɛ yiye koraa no ebegye wɔn mfe dunsia ne akyi! Anikasɛm ne sɛ, ɛyɛ ɔwofo asɛyɛde sɛ ɔbɛma ne ba agye adi sɛ ɔyɛ ɔhene, nanso akyiri yi, ɔno koro yi ara afa anifere kwan so atu no ade so.”
Sɛ akokoaa no di bɛyɛ mfe abien a, wotu no ade so, efisɛ ɔwofo no adwuma a ɔyɛ sɛ ɔhwɛfo no dan bɛyɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo. Afei de, akokoaa no behu sɛ n’awofo no nyɛ nea ɔka biara bio; na mmom wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɔno mmom betie nea wɔka. Saa bere yi de, wɔatu akokoaa no ade so, na ebia n’ani rennye nsakrae no ho. Eyi ma ɔhaw na ɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛkɔ so adi n’awofo so. Ɔkwan bɛn so?
Sɛnea Wogyina Osu ne Nteɛteɛm Ano
Sɛ nkokoaa pii di bɛyɛ mfe abien a, wɔn suban sesa koraa, na mpɛn pii no ɛma wɔda abufuw a ano yɛ den adi na ɛma wosu anaa wɔteɛteɛm. Sɛ mmofra no du saa mfe yi so a, wɔn awofo ho yeraw wɔn ara ma enti wɔka sɛ mmofra no yɛ “osu-gye!” Prɛko pɛ no, akokoaa no nsɛm a ɔkaa ara ne sɛ “Dabi!” anaa “Mempɛ!” Esiane sɛ n’ankasa nte nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ ne mu no ase nti, ne bo tumi fuw n’awofo ne n’ankasa ho. Ɔpɛ sɛ ɔtwe ne ho fi wo ho, nanso bere koro no ara ɔpɛ sɛ ɔbɛn wo. Awofo a wɔn adwene atu afra no nte nea ɛrekɔ so no ase, ɛte sɛ nea mmɔden a wɔbɔ nyinaa nkosi hwee. Dɛn koraa na ɛrekɔ so?
Susuw nsakrae kɛse a aba akokoaa no asetenam no ho hwɛ. Bere tiaa bi a atwam no, na sɛ ɔbɔ waw kɛkɛ a, na ɔpanyin bi di mmirika. Afei de wafi ase rehu sɛ na “n’ahenni” no yɛ bere tiaa mu de, na seesei de, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ n’ankasa yɛ. Bere rekɔ so no, ohu sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbrɛ ne ho ase hyɛ obi ase sɛnea Bible no ka ho asɛm no: “Mma, muntie mo awofo asɛm ade nyinaa mu.”—Kolosefo 3:20.
Sɛ edu mmere a emu yɛ den sɛɛ mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ awofo de wɔn nan si fam. Sɛ wɔde wɔn nan si fam nanso wɔyɛ wɔn ade ɔdɔ mu a, akokoaa no bɛyɛ nsakrae na wagye tebea foforo a waba mu no atom. Nneɛma a ɔresua no bɛboa no ma watumi afa nsakrae a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛba wɔ nnipa asetena mu no mu.
Suban
Mmoa ne mfiri mpo tumi hu nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw na wotumi suasua kasa nso. Onipa nkutoo na otumi twa n’ani hwɛ n’akyi sɛ nea wayɛ ye anaa enye. Ne saa nti, abofra a wadi mfe abien anaa abiɛsa no tumi homan, n’ani tumi wu, n’ahonim tumi bu no fɔ na ɔfɛre ade nso. Saa bere yi na su a ɔbɛda no adi sɛ ɔpanyin no fi ase da adi—sɛ ebia obetumi akura nokwaredi mu pintinn bere mpo a afoforo yɛ nneɛma bɔne no.
Saa bere yi ara mu no, awofo ani gye sɛ wohu biribi foforo a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Wɔn ba no rehu sɛnea afoforo te nka wɔ nneɛma ho. Bere a na ɔwɔ mfe abien no, sɛ afoforo redi agoru a, na ɔbatabata wɔn ho, afei de, ɔne wɔn nyinaa bom di agoru. Sɛ n’awofo ani gye nso a, ohu, na ɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛyɛ nea ɛsɔ wɔn ani. Ɛda adi sɛ, eyi bɛma ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɔbɛma kwan ma n’awofo akyerɛ no ade.
Afei na adu bere a abofra a wadi mfe abiɛsa yi rebehu nea ɛteɛ ne nea ɛnteɛ, papa ne bɔne. Ɛda adi pefee sɛ, eyi ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ awofo tete wɔn mma na wɔde yɛ wɔn botae sɛ wɔbɛma wɔabɛyɛ mpanyimfo a wotumi di wɔn asɛyɛde ho dwuma.—g11-E 10.
[Ase hɔ asɛm]
a Nea ɛbɛyɛ a asɛm yi mu bɛda hɔ nti, yɛbɛka akokoaa no ho asɛm sɛ ɔbabarima. Nanso, nnyinasosɛm a yebesusuw ho no fa mmabarima ne mmabea nyinaa ho.
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 5]
Nnafua kakraa bi wɔ akokoaa bi awo akyi no, otumi hu ne maame nne na n’ani gye ho sen obi foforo de
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 6]
Afei na adu bere a abofra a wadi mfe abiɛsa yi rebehu nea ɛteɛ ne nea ɛnteɛ, papa ne bɔne
[Adaka wɔ kratafa 6]
NEA ENTI A OSŨ NE NTEƐTEƐM NO KƆ SO
John Rosemond kyerɛwee wɔ New Parent Power nhoma no mu sɛ, “Awofo bi te nka sɛ mmofra no ahiade a wɔantumi anni ho dwuma nti na ɛma wɔkɔ so sũ teɛteɛm no. Enti wɔ awofo no fam no, ntease wom sɛ wɔte nka sɛ sɛ wɔn na wɔadi mfomso nti na mmofra no sũ teɛteɛm a, ɛnde na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nea wɔpɛ ma wɔn ntɛm ara. Enti sɛ biribi a wɔampene so na ɛmaa abofra no sui a, afei de ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpene so. Anaa sɛ biribi na na abofra no pɛ na wɔhwee no wɔ ho a, afei de wɔma no ma ɛboro nea na ɔhwehwɛ no so koraa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a awofo no ahonim remmu wɔn fɔ. Sɛ ɛba saa a, awofo ne abofra no nyinaa te nka sɛ wɔanya nea wɔpɛ. Osũ ne nteɛteɛm no gyae, awofo no ho tɔ wɔn, na sɛ abofra no hu sɛ ɔde sũ gye ade a onya a, ɛnde ɔkɔ so ara yɛ nea ɛsen saa.”