Ngaba Uqhawulo-mtshato Lufanele Luvunyelwe?
NGOJUNI 1986 abavoti kwiRiphabliki yaseIreland bavota besodlula ngesi-3 kwisi-2 ukuxhasa ukubhangiswa koqhawulomtshato. Oku kwenza ukuba le Riphabliki ibe yekuphela kwelizwe eNtshona Yurophu apho uqhawulomtshato luseyinto engekho mthethweni.
Kuyabonakala ukuba, phezu kwaso nje isimo sengqondo nengcinga yokuzilawula ekhoyo, imbono yabantu abaninzi ngeemvakalelo abathi babe nazo ngombandela woqhawulomtshato isaphenjelelwa ngamandla yimvelaphi yabo. Ubuzwe, imfundo neemeko ezingokwentlalo zonke zinendima eziyenzayo. Kodwa kuzo zonke izinto, unqulo, okanye ukusilela kwalo, kuhleli kuyeyona mpembelelo inye ibalulekileyo.
Iyintoni imbono yakho ngoqhawulomtshato? Ukuba isibini esitshatileyo siziva singonwabanga ngokuhlala kunye ibe singavisisani ngokucacileyo, ngaba sifanele sivunyelwe ukuba siphelise ukungonwabi kwaso ngokuqhawula umtshato? Ubuya kuwuphendula njani lo mbuzo? Okubaluleke ngakumbi koku, ubuya kuyisekela entwenini impendulo yakho?
Iimbono Ezahlukahlukeneyo Nezingqubanayo
Kwizigidi zabantu ezibambelele kwimilinganiselo yamaRoma Katolika, alukho nje kwaphela uqhawulomtshato. IThe Catholic Encyclopedia icacisa isithi: “Kumtshato wamaKristu, akunakuze kubekho uqhawulomtshato olupheleleyo [kukho ilungelo lokuphinda utshate], ubuncinane emva kokuba umtshato ufezekisiwe.” Noko ke, iCawa yamaRoma Katolika ivumela ukuba upheliswe phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ibe le nkqubo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ngokomzekelo, ngoAprili 1986 iThe Denver Post yanikela le ngxelo: “AmaKatolika asekuhlaleni ayibhangisa gqitha imitshato yawo kangangokuba isithili saseDenver sikaBhishophu omkhulu sichitha ama-500 000 eerandi kubasebenzi abandisiweyo nakwikhompyutha ukuhambisela phambili umsebenzi.” Ingxelo yahlabela mgama yathi “kwisithili saseDenver sikaBhishophu omkhulu, kukho umsebenzi weminyaka emithathu ongekenziwa wemitshato engama-700 epheliswayo.”
AmaProtestanti kumakhulukhulu eemvaba ezisehlabathini lonke ajongene nokwahlukahlukana okukhulu kwemithetho nemimiselo yecawa kuqhawulo-mtshato. Phofu ke, ngokubanzi, amagunya amaProtestanti ayaluvumela uqhawulomtshato kuphela nje ngenxa yezizathu ezinzulu. Kodwa oko kugqalwa kunzulu kunokwahluka gqitha ukusuka kwenye icawa ukuya kwenye. Amatyala anjengokukrexeza, inkohlakalo nokuqhwesha amkelwa ngokubanzi, kodwa asikuphela kwawo. Zimbi iimvaba ngoku zinamatheko neenkonzo zoqhawulomtshato ezihambisana neengoma nemithandazo njengasemitshatweni. Kwelinye lamatheko anjalo, “izibhambathiso zomtshato ziyabhangiswa. Isibini sinikezela imisesane yaso yomtshato kumfundisi. Inkonzo iphela ngesaziso esivela kumfundisi sokuba umtshato uphelisiwe, ibe isibini sixhawulana ngezandla,” inikela loo ngxelo iNew York Times.
AmaYuda anesithethe esinyanzelwa ziinkundla zonqulo. Imithetho yooRabhi ivumela uqhawulomtshato enoba kungenxa yesivumelwano esifanayo esenziwa yindoda nomfazi abatshatileyo okanye ngenxa yezizathu zeziphene ezingokwasemzimbeni okanye ihambo engenakunyameleleka. Phofu ke, uqhawulomtshato lugqalwa lungokwasemthethweni, kuphela xa indoda ikhupha i-“get,” okanye isiqinisekiso sokuqhawula umtshato, ibe oku kunokuba ngumthombo wengxabano. Ngenxa yokucaphuka okugqithiseleyo wambi amadoda awavumi ukukhupha iphepha elingokwasemthethweni lokuqhawula umtshato, okanye alisebenzisela ekuxhaphazeni. UMongameli weBhunga leSixeko saseNew York uAndrew Stein kwintetho awayeyinikela kwindibano yabefundisi, amagqwetha nabanye, wathi, “Le ngxaki ithe yashiya amawaka abafazi abangamaYuda azinikeleyo kweyona ngxingwa ibuhlungu engokwasemtshatweni.” Ngaphandle kweget ukuba lo mfazi angaphinda atshate umtshato wakhe ujongwa njengongekho mthethweni, ibe abantwana bakhe babizwa kakubi ngokuba yimigqakhwe, kwiLizwe lanamhla lakwaSirayeli.
Kwabo banganquliyo nabangakholelwayo kuThixo, ekucingelwa ukuba bahamba ngokomthetho welizwe, lo mba awukabi yinto elula. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuwiswa komthetho woqhawulo-mtshato kuyahluka kwelinye ilizwe nakwelinye ibe kwanakummandla ngommandla kwilizwe elinye. Enye incwadi idwelisa malunga nama-50 ezizathu apho uqhawulomtshato olungokwasemthethweni lusenokwamkelwa kwimimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo yaseUnited States. Ezi ziquka “ukungabi nasimilo ngokugqithiseleyo nokuba noonoendawo,” “ukungabikho kwethuba elifanelekileyo lokukhusela umtshato” “nokungavumi komfazi ukuhambisana nendoda yakhe kweli nqanaba.” Kumaxesha akutshanje, kwanobungqina bokugqibela bengqiqo yokwazi okulungileyo nokubi buthe basuswa koko ngokuqhelekileyo kubizwa ngokuba luqhawulomtshato olwenziwa ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Luseyimeko Edidayo
Nakubeni emininzi yale mithetho nemimise-10 yahlukahlukeneyo nengqubanayo emalunga noqhawulomtshato ichazwa njengesekelwe eBhayibhileni, ngaba iye yaphumelela ekomelezeni ukumiselwa komtshato okanye ekuxhaseni ulonwabo lomntu? Ukuphakama kwenani lemitshato eqhawulwayo—ukuqhawulwa komtshato omnye kwemibini kwamanye amazwe—kunikela impendulo ecacileyo. Le mithetho ayithanga nje kuphela ayabi nampumelelo ekomelezeni umanyano lomtshato kodwa ithe kwakhona yongeza intlungu nokutsala nzima kubomi babantu abazizigidi.
Ngenxa yoku, kubalulekile ngabo bakuxhalabele ngokwenene ukwenza okulungileyo ukuba bafumanise oko iBhayibhile ngokwenene ikutshoyo ngalo mbandela.